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SASKATCHEWAN
The Official Monthly Publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians
FEBRUARY/MARCH 1982
VOLUME 12, N
�DITORIA
Who are the Indian Nations and why are they opposing patriation of the Constitution?
That 's the question a lot of people are asking these
days in Canada and Britain.
In Ottawa last week a member of Parliament told me ,
"If you Indians are independent nations as you claim you
are , why are you fighting patriation of Canada 's Constitution? And why for God sake are you making waves in Britain? " he added with a decided note of exasperation.
Indian leaders and technicians lobbying in Britain tell
me the average British citizen on the street and many MPs
have expressed surprise that Indian nations in Canada are
dissatisfied with the proposed constitution .
The British assumed that Treaties made between Indian Nations and the British Crown were long ago forgotten by both parties. "We thought you were all assimilated
happily into Canadian society ," one MP said with con siderable surprise.
The fact is that Indian nations are very much alive.
Instead of becoming assimilated we have survived as
distinct peoples. We possess our own languages , cultures ,
world view , governing systems , economic and social institutions separate from but complementary to the rest of
Canadian society .
What we are seeking is recognition of our status as internally sovereign nations within the Canadian confederation.
Just where we fit in Canada has never been addressed formally by the government of Canada and the Indian
nations.
When Canada achieved internal sovereignty at the
time of confederation in 1867 , jurisdiction for Indians and
lands reserved for Indians was assigned to the Federal
Government .
That was the extent to which the Indian presence in
Canada was addressed . The Federal government was
given administrative authority over Indian nations. Th~ Indian Act was legislated in North America , and was design ed as a short term solution.
The founding fathers of Canada firmly believed that
Indians were a dying race and that the survivors should be
civilized and enfranchized into Canadian society . That remained the policy of the Federal Government for the next
50 years .
It was the misguided belief of early Canadian leaders
that Indians would jump at the chance to become citizens.
Enfranchisement was conditional in 1867 upon an Indian
male making application and proving that he was civilized ,
literate , and of upright moral character. If he proved he
possessed these qualities after a three year trial period, he
could become a citizen ju_st like anybody else . Lucky Indian.
Needless to say few (not more than 10 between 1876
and 1886) availed themselves of the privilage .
When it ·became obvious these enfranchisement provisions were not producing thousands of civilized , literate
and fine moral citizens , the Federal government amended
the Indian Act . Over a 30 year period Indian ceremonies
were outlawed. Indian mobility was checked ; the right to
congregate in groups of more than 3 or 4 persons was
outlawed. The right to kill and eat the animals we raised
was suspended . The right to govern ourselves accordin g
to the times honored traditions of our nations was
suspended by amendments to the Indian ~ct. The Indian
Act and all subsequent amendments were made by non Indians without the participation and consent of Indian
nations.
British lawyers acting on our behalf in London say
that we will have to prove in court that we did not give in
or acquiece to the government of Canada 's interpretation
of our status .
The fact that we have survived and are the fastest
growing group in Canada shows that we did not give in.
The fact that Indian leaders first started journeying to London to appeal to the Queen in the 1880 's and have continued to do so for the past 100 years shows that we did
not forget our ties to the British Crown. The numerous
petitions made to the Crown in Britain show that we
recognized our solemn obligations and promises through
Treaty .
We are standing at the pinnacle of history . It is as if
we are linked up on a narrow ridge with the possibility of
falling into deep valleys on either side .
On one side is a dark and rocky valley. It is the fact
that will befall us if the Constitution is patriated as it stands
- total assimilation. The rights remaining to us as the first
citizens of Canada will be eroded to nothing when future
amendments fall to the virtual control of the provinces and
when mobility rights are guaranteed to all Canadians
under the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
On the other side of the steep ridge lies another fate.
Down there lies a green valley : the salvation of our
children not yet born and the hope of those who have
gone before.
It is a safe and peaceful valley where we will live by a
government of our own people, where we will have control over our own lives and over the resources of the
earth , water , sun and sky .
For the past 100 years we have merely survived. It is
time now to negotiate a just and lasting place in the Canadian confederation.
Let the next 100 years give us cause not merely to
survive but to thrive as distinct nations in our own land .
�SASKATCHEWAN
•
The Olhool MonthlyP=
FEBRUARY/MARCH
1982
ol the fede,ot,oo of Sosko.
VOLUME 12, NUMBER2
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
INDIAN NATIONSPREPARE
OTTAWA OFFENSIVE
_......................
2
TRUDEAUOPENSDOOR TO NIB....................................
3
THEHIGH PRICEOF WINNING ......................................
4
CANADA BILLDEBATE............................................
6
JOINT COUNCIL RESOLUTION
......................................
7
LASTDITCH CONTACTSWITH OTTAWA, LONDON ...................
8
FICTION .......................................................
18
BIG RIVERBAND MEMBERTAKESINDIAN AFFAIRSTO COURT...........
20
NATIONAL ..................................................
.... 21
INTERNATIONAL................................................
22
FARMTALKWITH ART IRVINE.....................................
23
NORTH BATTLEFORDDISTRICTNEWS ..............................
25
PRINCEALBERTDISTRICTNEWS ...................................
26
4-H NEWS......................................................
29
LETTERS.......................................................
38
EXECUTIVE
IN CHA_RGEOF
COMMUNICATIONS
Doug Cuthand
Wayne Ahenakew
Cy Standing
IVAN McNAB
DIRECTOROF
COMMUNICATIONS
BETH CUTHAND
EDITOR
BRUCESPENCE
ASSIST
ANT EDITOR
REPORTERS:
Saskatoon • Gloria Ledoux
Prince Albert - Bruce Spence
Meadow Lake· Vacant
Yorkton • Vacant
Touchwood/File Hills/Fort Qu'AppelleVacant
North Battleford · Archie King
Shellbrook Agency · Vacant
SUBSCRIPTIONS
& ADVERTISING
CLERK
Suzy Bear
GRAPHICS:
Bob Bedier
Adelle Prentice
Denise Bedier
·.: ,. \-_ ,.
I·.
PUBLICATIONSCO-ORDINATOR
Edgar Thomas
THE SASKATCHEWANINDIAN
newsmagazine is the official monthly publication of the
Federation of Saskatchewan Indians. The newsmagazine has a Second Class Registration Number
2795 and an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)0048-9204. The newsmagazine represents
divergent views from Indians in this province, signed articles and opinions are the views of the individuals concerned and not necessarily those of the Federation .
EDITORIALOFFICES
The editorial offices of The Saskatchewan Indian newsmagazine are located in the Saskatchewan
Indian Cultural College, 1030 - ldylwyld Drive North, Saskatoon. All correspondence should be
directed to: The Editor, The Saskatchewan Indian, P.O. Box 3085, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K
3S9 or telephone (306) 244-1146.
S SKATCH
REPORTING
The Saskatchewan Indian newsmagazine has an editorial staff of five covering the province of
Saskatchewan. With numerous news stories, sporting events, and social activities to cover,
reporters may not be able to attend all events local residents wish to ha-te reported. In order to ensure that a reporter is available to cover your event, please notify the editor of this newsmagazine
well in advance of the event.
18
~
,
PRODUCTION
All pre-press production done by M~dia/Communications, Federation of Saskatchewan Indians.
Printed on a web offset press by Midwest Litho, Saskatoon.
DEADLINES
Deadlines for all material will be the 15th of each month for publication in that month's edition .
ADVERTISINGRATES
Columnar Inch .... . ........
.. .... $11.00
Quarter Page...........
.........
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Half Page. ......................
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SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN 1
�BritishLobby Continues
INDIAN NATIONS PREPAREOTTAWA OFFENSIVE
and do the strategic planning for the
national lobby. Representatives from
FSI,Union of New Brunswick Indians,
Grand Council Treaty 3 and the Four
Nations Confederacy sit on the committee.
The Committee drafted a protocol
agreement, and letters to key
government leaders in Canada and
Britain. Clive Linklator was appointed
to co-ordinate the National lobby. He
spent 3 weeks in Ottawa in late
February and early March meeting
with senior government bureaucrats
and members of parliament to arrange a meeting with the Prime
Minister
and the Constitution
Ministers.
As we go to press there are still no
indications that Trudeau is willing to
meet with Indian leaders to solve
their mutual difficulties over the Constitution.
In the meantime the lobby is gearing up in Ottawa and Indian Nations
remain firmly resolved to stick to
their pre-patriation strategy.
■
POLITICAL SOLUTION
by Beth Cuthand
NIB Joint Council plans Ottawa strategy.
Chief Sanderson pointed out the
need to implement Treaty and
Aboriginal Rights Principles within
the boundaries of our own nations.
"The real enforcement of a political
solution," he said, "lies with the Indian people at the reserve level."
Graydon Nicholas, President of the
Union of New Brunswick Indians, initially spoke against a political solution. "We can't jeopardise our legal
cases," he said, "because a political
solution does not overrule law.
Patrick Mahdabee of the Union of
Ontario Indians pointed out that the
supremacy of parliament is stronger
than the courts.
Graydon Nicholas shot back saying,
"The courts are still the final arbiter.
Protocol is a policy not a law. What is
to guarantee that Parliament will
follow through and legislate appropriately?"
Chief Sanderson said, "While the
courts can make nice judgements for
2 FEBRUARY
-MARCH, 1982
Indians they cannot enforce their rulings. They have to accept the
supremacy of Parliament. It is Parliament who legislates the law. We do
not accept the right of Parliament to
legislate laws affecting Indians. That
is why we are seeking an Indian/Federal protocol
agreement
which sets out the terms and conditions of an Indian/Federal relationship."
An extensive
resolution
was
drafted and put to the Joint Council
late in the afternoon of February 18.
It was moved by Chief Sol Sanderson
and seconded by Chief councellor
Eric Robinson of Manitoba.
The resolution
was passed
unanimously.
The political policy committee,
chaired by Gordon Peters of the
Association of Iroquois and Allied Indians met February 19, February 23
and 24 and March 2 to draft the
necessary background information
Indian Nations in Canada are seeking a political solution to the current
Indian/Federal impasse on the Constitution.
The Joint Council of the National Indian Brotherhood met in Ottawa
February 17 and 18. The meeting was
called to decide on a national
strategy to address Constitutional
matters with the Federal government
before patriation.
After a two-day sometimes contentious debate interrupted by telexes
and phone calls from London, the
Joint Council decided Indian Nations
should focus their united efforts on
achieving a political solution in
Canada before the Constitution is
patriated.
The Joint Council supported both
amendment processes being put forward by the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians and the Indian
Association of Alberta.
They resolved to lobby to ensure
acceptance of the FSl's Indian Rights
Amendment (IRA Bill) to the, Cana-
�dian Constitution and to push for a
Federal/Indian Protocol agreement
to be signed before patriation.
The lobby will be conducted at the
federal level and at the provincial
level were applicable. The financial
program and political policy committee's of the Joint Council were called ·
to do the necessary work to achieve
a political solution.
The IRA Bill and the protocol agreement are based on the Treaty and
Aboriginal Rights Principles ratified
by the Joint Council, November 18,
1981.
The principles embody the basic
united position of the Indian Nations
in Canada. Speaking in favour of a
political solution Chief Sol Sanderson
of the FSI said, "The Treaty and
Aboriginal Rights Principles have not
been lobbyed in Ottawa." He urged
joint council members to start lobbying immediately. "A political solution
will address the ways and means by
which we entrench our rights and
secure our future," he said.
Bob Manuel, President of the Union
of British Columbia Indian Chiefs supported the appeal for an immediate
start to the national lobby. "We need
to strike up a committee to lobby in
Canada. Something has to be done in
Ottawa because we're running out of
time."
■
CANADA BILL GOES TO
FINAL READING
LONDON (CP) - Amid claims that
Ottawa is using the British Parliament
to assist in the "cultural genocide" of
Indians, Canada's new constitution
moved a step closer to reality
Wednesday.
After
a non-stop
seven-hour
debate, the House of Commons
completed clause-by-clause study of
the Canada BIii, clearing the way for
third and final reading Monday.
The bill is expected to go to the
House of Lords soon, perhaps late
next week.
To the bitter end, a handful of opponents termed it a sham and a
storehouse of problems for the
future but they failed to alter any of
its contents , particularly its native
rights provisions.
Criticism against the bill's handling
of Indians was bipartisan.
Labor MP Bruce George termed it
"cultural genocide" against native
TRUDEAU OPENS DOOR TO NIB
On January 19, 1982 Del Riley,
president of the National Indian
Brotherhood, received a letter from
Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau.
The letter was in answer to an
earlier request by the National Indian
Brotherhood to the Prime Minister to
meet with the Joint Council.
The Prime Minister said it was not
possible to rearrange his scedule on
short notice but said of the proposed
meeting: "Had this purpose been to
offer even conditional support to the
Constitutional Resolution ...! might
have been able to meet with you
between other obligations even if for
only a few minutes, to express my
gratification."
He went on to refer to the Declaration of the First Nations Treaty and
Aboriginal Rights Principles saying
they were "complex" and required
"careful study". He said, "Processes
are set in place to clarify issues, to
make them
managable
in a
negotiating forum and to assist all
parties to reach agreement. It may be
that the existing process is deficient
from your point of view. If this is the
case, my officials would be pleased
to review the matter with you."
people while Conservative MP Sir
Bernard Braine joined Liberal MP Jo
Grimond who criticized the bill for
providing "inadequate safeguards for
consultations of Indians."
In the only formal vote Wednesday, MPs rejected by 140 to 28 an
amendment that would have assured
native people a veto over constitutional changes affecting their rights.
Champions of the native cause
argued that despite appearances, the
bill does not entrench native rights.
Braine spoke of "the revulsion felt
by many of us" at passing the bill
without added safeguards for native
rights and said the federal government's policy towards Indians remains one of assimilation.
Conservative MP Sir John BiggsDavison urged a "moderate stay'' in
passage of the bill until Quebec's
claim to veto over constitutional
change is settled in court.
That case is scheduled to be heard
in the Quebec Court of Appeal starting March 15.
The Prime Minister concluded his
letter to Riley by refering to the Treaty and Aboriginal Rights Principles
saying, "I shall be pleased in due
course to discuss the fundamental
principles therein contained when I
meet with the representatives of the
Indian peoples."
As far as can be determined there
was no reply or action taken by the
National Indian Brotherhood on the
letter. Joint Council members were
not informed. The letter surfaced at
the Joint Council meeting February
17 in a back section o the Council's
information kit.
Either Mr. Riley did not understand
the subtelties of the letter or he felt
unable to act on it.
One thing is certain: Trudeau offered to accept Indian conditional
support of the Constitution. He
opened the door to Indian/Federal
talks and no one was there to walk
in.
Mr. Riley was given a medical leave
of absence from the presidency of
the National Indian Brotherhood by
the Joint Council February 17. Sykes
Powderface vice-president has taken
over as acting President.
■
Earlier, Labor MP David English
assured Quebec that "not all the
people agree with the (repatriation)
proceedings being done in this way."
Quebec was given short shrift in
the debate, in contrast to the attention lavished on the issue of native
rights.
Donald Stewart of the Scottish National party said in an interview that
this was because of the belief that
Quebec is in a better position to defend itself than the Indians.
■
SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN 3
�THE HIGH PRICE
OF WINNING
(NOTE: Reprinted with permission of the
Toronto Star.)
Indians have been successful in lobbying against the Canada Bill, but
they may have lost some friends.
by Bill Fox Toronto Star
LONDON - Justice Minister Jean
Chretien slumped forward in the
"Stranger's Gallery'' at Westminster,
his head buried in his hands.
Below him, in the Mother of
Parliament~
Labor backbencher
Bruce George was administering yet
another verbal flogging to the Canadian government over its handling of
native peoples.
It was the second week in a row
that debate on Canada's patriation
bill had focused on the lack of constitutional guarantees for native
peoples and the second week in a
row Chretien had to listen to comparisons between Canada's policies
towards its Indian, Inuit and Metis
peoples and the south African
government's
apartheid
policy
towards blacks.
Chretien, who spent more than six
years as Indian Affairs Minister, was
frustrated, hurt and more than a little
angry.
Less than 30 feet away, in another
section of the "Stranger's Gallery''
Chief Sol Sanderson, a 40-year-old
Cree from Saskatchewan, followed
the debate with considerable
satisfaction.
In the 12 months leading up to this
historic attempt he had met personally with more than 225 British
MPs, had attended labor and conservative party conventions, had lobbied some 1,400 members of the
parties, had posed in his ceremonial
war-bonnet to get the attention of
the Fleet St. press. Chief Sanderson
had even lobbied the Archbishop of
Canterbury.
Putting the case
The Federation of Saskatchewan Indians, of which Sanderson is president, has spent $485,000 in the past
year putting their case to British MPs
and the public.
The Indian Association of Alberta
has spent a further $500,000 over the
same period, engaging the services
of a professional lobby group and a
public relations firm.
4 FEBRUARY-MARCH,
1982
The office
of First Nations,
established by the National Indian
Brotherhood, has been spending
money as well, although theirs is a
more shoe-string operation.
The battle is fought on two fronts
-before the courts and in the political
arena. And it has, according to an official at the Canadian High Commission, been a successful lobby.
"I think they've been very effective
indeed," said Reeves Hagen, the man
the Trudeau government liked to see
the Canada Bill through the British
Parliament. "More members (of
parliament) spoke on native rights
issues during the debate on second
reading and during committee stage
than on any other subject."
In headline terms, the Indians seem
to have won little despite the expenditures of time and money. To be
sure
their
war-bonneted
countenances have adorned the
front page of every newspaper in
Fleet St.
But the accompanying story usually
recounts a rejection in the British
Court of Appeal, or a defeat of their
amendments in a Commons vote.
The lobby has also raised several
questions in Canada - should we be
washing our dirty linen in the
Thames? Who's paying for all this
anyway? Why didn 't they take their
legal case to a Canadian court instead of the British courts? And what
do they expect to gain from all this?
Chretien himself raised many of
these questions at news conferences
here. "It is the maximum
in
democracy when you finance your
own critics," Chretien said.
"We have helped the Indians to get
organized and to put pressure on us
and now they have decided to use
that mechanism here. I wish they
would not have done it, but there's
nothing I can do. I understand their
problems.
No Tax Money
Chretien's comments make people
like Sanderson,
Chief Eugene
Steinhauer, President of the Alberta
Indians and Louise Mandell, legal
counsel for the Union of British Columbia Chiefs bristle.
For starters, all three insist the total
cost of the lobby in Britain is being
borne by the Indians, that no funds
are coming from the taxpayer via the
federal government.
"It is not government funded," said
Steinhauer. "We've been using some
of the royalty revenues tribes get for
oil and gas.
"Alberta Indians are fortunate to
have those additional resources to
fight for their rights."
Sanderson says his federation has
levied
an assessment
on all .
employees to help cover the cost of
the lobby. Various band councils
have also made contributions.
Mandell says the B.C. Indian lobby
has been "operating literally on the
basis of people selling their cars and
their stereos.
"We've even held bake sales. The
immediate crisis is how we're going
to pay last month's photocopying
bill."
All three scoff at suggestions In-
�Indian lobby reaches British public .
dians shouldn't be debating domestic
issues over here.
"There's been a lot of name-calling
about us, charges that we're washing
Canada's dirty linen in public," said
Mandell. "Although it's painful, and
not particularly pretty for Canadians,
it's probably good for us."
The Indian lobby groups reject the
suggestion that the issue of their
rights is strictly a domestic one.
Sanderson, however, admits the
"divisible Crown theory," - the statement that the Queen of Great Britain
and the Queen of Canada are not
one and the same in the legal sense has hurt their cause.
"It was the U.K. Parliament that
developed the theory of a divisible
Crown, but it's only a theory,"
Sanderson said. "All our treaties were
signed with the Queen of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and if there
is a third party that wants to change
that, then they have to deal formally
with us."
Despite the fact the British Court of
Appeal has upheld that jurisdiction
over Indian rights passed from Britain
to Canada in 1931 with passage of
the Statute of Westminster, the Indians found much to celebrate in the
decision read off by Lord Denning,
Minister of the Rolls and Chief Justice
of the Appeal Courts.
Honor Rights
"No Parliament should do anything
to (threaten) Indian rights," Lord Denning wrote.
"They should be
honored as long as the sun rises and
the river flows."
Said Sanderson: "That was one hell
of a moral and political victory.
Because of that ruling we don't
have to accept the supremacy of
Parliament. That is what has got
Chretien so worried."
The Alberta, Saskatchewan and
B.C. Indians have three separate
court actions now before the British
courts.
Mandell hopes the House of Lords
will await the outcome of the case of
more than 100 chiefs from B.C., Ontarib and Manitoba before passing
the Canada Bill.
A Chancery Court Judge agreed to
expedite the case of the B.C., On-
Senator John B. Tootoosis & FSI president Sol Sanderson REVIEW Treaty during lobby .
tario and Manitoba chiefs last week
and the trial will begin on the first
available date in June.
· "By the time the Canada Bill gets to
the House of Lords it will be the end
of March, maybe the middle of
April," Mandell said, indulging in a little wistful thinking. "By then our
court case will only be five weeks
away.
"I think they (the~ords) should wait
for it. We've been preparing it for
two years, they should wait and see
what it's about."
The Indians will press ahead with
their legal actions even if the Canada
Bill goes through. If the chiefs win
their case, "the Canaqa Bill will be
declared unconstitutional" whether it
is passed or not," Mandell said.
All three agree however that the
final solution to the Indian problem is
a political, not legal one.
Indians want their rights protected
in the constitution, and they want the
power to veto any future changes
that affect their rights.
And the light at the end of the tunnel is self-government.
"Everything we do is based on the
constitution," Steinhauer said. "We
have to ensure that our rights are
protected and after that, work out
how we are going to govern
ourselves in the future ...that's the
goal."
George, and other British MPs share
the Indian conviction that this debate
has begun renaissance for Indian nations.
"Whatever happens in the United
Kingdom ...! believe that their campaigning ...will be seen by future
generations as an important stage in
their political development and in
the inevitability of the Indian nations
of Canada playing an infinitely
greater role in the governing of their
affairs."
George's words may well be prophetic.
The Indian lobby here has been
successful, but it has carried a price
beyond the fees for lawyers and
public relations men. Canada's Indians have lost a friend in cabinet.
After watching them here Chretien
has a different view of the Indian
leadership.
The alienation of Chretien could
prove costly once the clippings from
the London newspapers begin to
fade and yellow.
■
SASKATCHEWAN
INDIAN 5
�CANADA BILLDEBATE
The major portion of debate
around the Canada Bill in the British
House of Commons focussed on
issues raised by Indians through MPs
from all sides of the house. Canada's
Indian policies were repeatedly
assaulted by Conservatives and
Laborites alike during first and second reading debates putting nonIndian Canadians in the "gallery of
strangers" on the defensive.
Support for the Indians within the
House of Commons had said earlier
they would not oppose patriation of
Canada's new constitution but would
examine and publicize
Indian
grievances and pressure Ottawa to
clarify and strengthen her Indian
policy. But, criticism was all the
House of Commons could offer during the first two debates. The Canada
Bill as the Canadian constitution is
ref~rred to by the UK parliament,
passed first reading after a six hour
debate by a majority of 334 to 44 in
mid-February. Second reading also
took most of the day March 3 when a
proposed amendment suggesting a
veto for Indians in constitutional matters concerning them was defeated
by a margin of 140 to 28.
Third and final reading of the
Canada Bill in the House of Commons is expected in the second
week of March. Again another round
of criticism centering around Indian
rights is expected but Britain is not
expected
to halt
patriation
altogether; at least not in the House
of Commons. Once the Canada Bill
passes third reading, it will be sent to
the upper House of Lords for their action, and possibly even more delay.
Indian officials say the main point of
the action in Britain's parliament is to
drag as many Indian concerns as
possible into the open to be reco~ded by the British courts and parliament even though Great Britain has
no actual power to stop patriation. If
such a move were attempted, Justice
Minister Chretien would simply rise
in the gallery of strangers and declare
Canadian independance.
Indian government
tactics in
Britain's parliament is only one part
of the lobby. This action continues in
spite of two other developments in
late 1981 and early 1982. Other lobby activities are taking place in the
British Courts.
Some preliminary events leading
6 FEBRUARY-MARCH,
1982
up to the present actions could have
a bearing on the eventual outcome
of the Indian lobby. The question of
the Crown's treaty obligations to the
Indians of British North America was
loosely dealt with in late 1981 by the
Foreign Affairs Committee made up
of British MPs and by a panel of
Judges of the British Court of Appeal.
Members of the Foreign Affairs Committee proved · themselves lime
green in international and constitutional matters in reaching this decision: The British Crown sent all treaty
obligations to Canada in 1931 along
with the Statute of Westminster.
Observers said the committee never
adequately dealt with the Royal Proclamation of 1763 or welcomed any
appearances by Indians. Neither
· were Indian governments consulted
in the 1931 transfer yet the committee still advised the government they
had broken the treaties then.
The second development was the
late January dismissal of a case
presented to the British Court of Appeal by the Indian Association of
Alberta. Indian governments across
Canada crossed their fingers as the
case developed. All three judges
similarily ruled the Crown is no
longer bound by treaty to Canadian
Indians. "The Queen of Great Britain
is entirely different from the Queen
in Canada." The court also refuted
the Foreign Affairs Committee view
that these obligations were transferred to Canada in 1931.
Despite these rulings, Indian
governments remain determined to
put their concerns forward in Great
Britain's legal and political systems.
Canada's doubtful treatment of Indians and other native groups is being well recorded by an outside
government. Besides the House of
Lords, there are three cases still to be
argued before the British Courts. The
Union of British Columbia Indian
Chiefs (UBCIC) together with the
Treaty Nine Grand Council and Four
Nations Confederacy will be heard in
early June of this year. A statement of
claim has also been filed by the
Federation of Saskatchewan Indians
(FSI).The Indian Association of Alberta has also taken the lower court of
Appeals ruling to the House of Lords.
The British government will push
ahead and not wait for the outcome
of these legal arguments. They appear already aware of the decisions.
Further British actions could be mere
formalities but the Indian lobby is
scoring more points through their
system than it has in decades of
negotiations through the Canadian
government and media.
Indian officials have noticed the
trend set by British decisions and
realize future attachments to Great
Britain are questionable. The Canada
Bill has passed second reading in the
House of Commons and is sure to
pass third reading in a similar manner
as the first two. A repeat performance of this in the House of
Lords...it could be by early indications that the Canada Bill may be subjected to even more examination in
the upper House th
in the Commons. A lot of points, more than
Canada and Jean Chretien care to admit, will again be made public outside Canada. This could give the Indian lobby world attention if another
round comes up in Ottawa.
The House of Lords is all that remains between Ottawa and the Indian governments of Canada. The
last nail will be hammered in when
the Queen sends the Canada Bill
home,
ambiguously
worded
references to "existing rights" and all.
Britain will once and for all break
Treaty.
•
�JOINT COUNCIL RESOLUTION
February 18, 1982
WHEREASthe Indian nations of Canada have approved and signed the Treaty and Aboriginal Rights Principles of
November 18, 1981;
AND WHEREASthe government of Canada has recognized treaty and aboriginal rights but has not made adequate
provision for the entrenchment of these rights in the Constitution Act, 1981;
AND WHEREASthe Indian nations are desirous of ensuring proper protection of their aboriginal title and aboriginal
and treaty rights in the Canadian constitution;
AND WHEREASthe Federation of Saskatchewan Indians is proposing an amendment to the Canada Bill which embodies the Canadian Constitution Act, 1981, now before the Parliament of the United Kingdom;
AND WHEREASthe Indian Association of Alberta is proposing amendments to the said Canadian Constitution Act
embodied in the said Canada Bill;
BE IT THEREFORERESOLVEDthat Indian nations formally implement the Treaty and Aboriginal Rights Principles of
November 18, 1981;
BE IT FURTHERRESOLVEDthat the National Joint Council of Chiefs support the said proposed amendments of the
Federation of Saskatchewan Indians and the Indian Association of Alberta;
BE IT FURTHERRESOLVEDthat the National Joint Council of Chiefs pursue a political solution of the constitutional
problem regarding the entrenchment and protection of aboriginal title and aboriginal and treaty rights;
BEIT FURTHERRESOLVEDthat, if the said amending process by the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians is accepted
by the federal government of Canada as proposed to the United Kingdom Parliament, the Indian nations and the
federal government of Canada shall agree on a Protocol to guarantee that the Treaty and Aboriginal Rights Principles of November 18, 1981, be entrenched in the Canadian constitution;
BEIT FlNALLY RESOLVEDthat an Indian constitutional lobby be conducted at the federal level and at the provincial
levels (where applicable) to ensure the acceptance of the amending process as proposed by the Federation of
Saskatchewan Indians to the United Kingdom Parliament, the agreement of the said Protocol, and the negotiation
and acceptance of an Indian Rights amendment to the Canadian constitution.
Moved Sol Sanderson
Seconded Eric Robertson
Carried Unanimously
SASKATCHEWANINDIAN 7
�INDIANGOVERNMENTS
MAKELASTDITCH
CONTACTSWITHOTTAWA, LONDON
The following pages are devoted to a series of correspondence between the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians, the National Indian Brotherhood and Canadian and
British heads of state and politicians. The letters are arranged to give the reader a better idea of what messages Indian governments are attempting to convey. Events surrounding the latest and future constitutional negotiations will tell whether the letters
were well received.
March 4, 1982
Right.Honourable Pierre Elliot Trudeau,
Prime Minister
Room 311-5,
House of Commons,
Ottawa, Ontario.
Dear Prime Minister:
Since my letter of February 19, 1982, to which we
await a response, the Canada Act has been debated in the
Committee of the Whole House on February 23rd and
March 3rd. Those debates as you must be well aware of
now have laid out and put forth for all to know the incredible conditions of Indian people in Canada as proven
by the Government of Canada's own documentation.
Further, the Debates have shown beyond a shadow of
a doubt that the Canada Act is vastly inadequate in the
protection of Indian Aboriginal and Treaty Rights. It has
become eminently clear to a large number of the
parliamentarians of all parties in the House of Commons
of the United Kingdom that Indian Aboriginal and Treaty
Rights are a Canadian matter and should be solved in
Canada.
On more than one occasion during the Debate,
parliamentarians have called upon and urged that the
Government of Canada solve the Indian Rights and protection issue prior to the patriation of the Constitution.
Unless the Government of Canada resolves this Constitutional impasse, the British Parliament may be forced to do
so.
Your Justice Minister, Mr. Chretien, who was present in
the gallery of the House of Commons during the February
23rd debates, said later that he was willing to meet with
Indian leaders. He reiterated his willingness to meet with
Indian leaders upon his return to Ottawa.
We are anxious to meet in order to reach a political
solution about the Constitutional entrenchment and protection of our rights.
In order to facilitate such a meeting and to ensure its
success, we are enclosing a Memorandum proposing a
prepatriation process for a political resolution. In addition,
we are providing for your consideration a resolution p~ssed unanimously by the Joint Council on March 3, 1982, on
critical amendments we feel are required to correct grave
8 FEBRUARY-MARCH,
1982
deficiencies in the Canada Bill now under consideration in
the Westminister Parliament.
Since time is of the essence, we ~uld
request a
response to our Memorandum not later than Monday,
March 8, 1982.
MEMORANDUM CONCERNING THE RIGHTS OF THE
FIRSTNATIONS OF CANADA IN THE CANADA BILLNOW
BEFORETHE PARLIAMENTAND THE COURTS OF THE
UNITED KINGDOM.
I. PREFACE
The Canada Bill was laid before the Parliament of the
United Kingdom on first reading, December 22, 1981.
Second reading of the Bill was on February 17, 1982. It
was referred to the Committee of the Whole House of
Commons.
On February 23rd, the Committee of the Whole House
considered the Canada Bill. During the approximately five
hours of debate, the majority of which were on the Indian
rights issue, numerous motions were moved and spoken
to amend the Canada Bill so as to further entrench and
protect Indian rights.
In addition to the parliamentary process concerning Indian rights, three cases are before the British Courts. Two
have been filed in the High Court of Justice, Chancery
Division, by the Chiefs of British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario and the Chiefs of Saskatchewan.Appeal of the Alberta case is being petitioned to the House of Lords which is
to be heard on March the 11th.
Mr. Justice Vinelot of the High Court on February 24th,
ordered a speedy trial of the Chiefs' case from British Columbia, Manitoba and Ontario to be heard on the 8th of
June or on the first available date thereafter. The Saskatchewan case as of this date has not been set for trial. The
petition to the House of Lords on the Alberta case is
receiving immediate attention.
The Speaker of the House of Commons of the United
Kingdom Parliament was asked whether or not the
Canada Bill was amendable. He respnded as follows:
"as with any other Bill, that is a matter for decision in
the first instance by the Chairman of the Committee concerned. However, it may help the House if I say that I have
no reason to believe that the English text of the Bill is
unamendable".
�letters between the Joint Council and the Government of
Canada, the terms of the agreement be transmitted forthwith to the Government of the United Kingdom instructing the delay of further process and action by the United
Kingdom Parliament of the Canada Bill pending the successful negotiations of a political resolution between the
First Nations and the Government of Canada.
VII. MECHANISM FOR POLITICAL RESOLUTION
The Joint Council of the National Indian Brotherhood
further proposes that two negotiating teams be appointed: one by the Joint Council representative of the
First Nations, and one appointed by the Government of
Canada representative of the Cabinet of the Government
of Canada and the three major political parties of the
House of Commons and the Senate.
It is further proposed that officials and staff of the Joint
Council and the Government of Canada be ~o established
to assist the respective negotiating teams in separate or in
joint sessions so as to facilitate the negotiations.
IX. POWER OF THE NEGOTIATING TEAMS
~
New
NIB President, Sykes
II. PRINCIPLEFOR RESOLUTION
The Joint Council of the National Indian Brotherhood
duly assembled on February 18, 1982, passed a
unanimous resolution stating the desire of the First Nations "to pursue a political solution of the constitutional
problem regarding the entrenchment and protection of
aboriginal title and aboriginal and treaty rights" .
Ill. TIMING
It is further proposed by the Joint Council that to reach
an early and equitable political resolution herein proposed, timing is of the essence.
IV. PURPOSEOF THE MEMORANDUM
This Memorandum by the Joint Council of the National
Indian Brotherhood puts forward a process and a set of
principles to the Government of Canada for a resolution
of the constitutional rights of Indian people.
V. WITHOUT PREJUDICE
The Joint Council of the National Indian Brotherhood
proposes this Memorandum without prejudice .
The following power/authority is proposed by the Joint
Council of the National Indian Brotherhood:
1. To receive submissions, representations and/or positions orally or in writing from the First Nations and the
Government of Canada.
2. To negottate a proposed resolution agreement.
3. To submit to the Joint Council of the National Indian
Brotherhood and the Government of Canada in writing
any and all proposed resolution agreements for proper
review and ratificat~on.
X. PROTOCOL
The Joint Council of the National Indian Brotherhood
further proposes that upon an agreement mutually arrived
at by the respective negotiating teams, a formal protocol
be entered into by the respective authorities of the Joint
Council and the Government of Canada.
XI. RATIFICATION OF PROTOCOL
The Joint Council of the National Indian Brotherhood
further proposes that the protocol entered into by the
respective authorities of the Joint Council and the Government of Canada be ·ratified on behalf of the First Nations
by the Assembly of First Nations duly assembled and by a
joint resolution of the Parliament of Canada at its regular
or special sitting.
VI. PROCESSAGREEMENTPROCEDURES
The Joint Council of the National Indian Brotherhood
further proposes that upon mutual agreement between
the Joint Council and the Government of Canada on the
Memorandum in its entirety , letters so confirming said
agreement in whole be exchanged between the Joint
Council and the Government of Canada so stating .
XII. SCHEDULE
The Joint Council of the National Indian Brotherhood
further proposes that upon the ratification of the protocol
by the Assembly of First Nations and the Parliament of
Canada by joint resolution, said protocol become official
scedule to the Canada Bill prior to patriation.
VII. CANADA BILL NOW BEFOREUNITED KINGDOM
PARLIAMENT
The Joint Council of the National Indian Brotherhood
further proposes that immediately upon the exchange of
XIII. SETOF PRINCIPL
.ES
The following set of principles is proposed by the Joint
Council of the National Indian Brotherhood as a basis for
reaching agreement with the Government of Canada:
SASKATCHEWANINDIAN 9
�1) Formal acceptance and confirmation of all .aboriginal,
treaty and other rights and freedoms recognized by the
Royal Proclamation of 7th October 1763 and recognized
and confirmed by a) the various treaties made between the Crown and
nations or tribes of Indians; and
b) the various settlements and agreements made or
entered by the Crown with Indian peoples, including
declarations, covenants and judgements accepted by Indian peoples.
2) Formal ·recognition of the inherent right to Indian
Government within the Canadian confederation, including
a) the right to determine the nature of Indian nationhood and to identify and define Indian citizenship;
b) the right of access to the Crown; and acknowledgement that Indian government powers and responsibilities
exist as a permanent and integrai feature of the Canadian
policy.
3) The identification, definition and implementation of the
rights referred to above a) by the establishment and operation of an office for
the protection of aboriginal and treaty rights; and
b) by the requirement that any amendments to the
Constitution of Canada which affect the aboriginal
peoples shall be made only with the formal consent of the
aboriginal peoples so affected.
c) notwithstanding anything in the Canada Bill including the Charter of Rights which may abrogate,
derogate or otherwise infringe on aboriginal and treaty
rights shall not apply to the Nations.
d) by passing the necessary legislation providing for
reasonable access to that information and documentation
solely within the possession of the Federal Government
and/or the several provinces where such information and
documentation are necessary and proper to more adequately litigate a case or controversy in law or equity
when required by the party aggrieved or when requested
by a court of competent jurisdiction.
Yours sincerely,
Sykes F. Powderface.
Acting President,
National Indian Brotherhood.
10 FEBRUARY-MARCH
, 1982
e) by passing legislation recognizing the inherent right
of Indian Governments of the First Nations to immunity
against all actions in law or equity in case or controversy
where said actions of Indian Governments are in accordance with their duties and responsibilites as provided by
their constitutions, statutes, regulations, traditions and
customs.
XIV. INCLUSION OF THE FIRSTNATIONS IN
CONSTITUTIONAL PROCESSES
The First Nations by virtue of historical, legal and
political circumstances are fundamental entities to the Nationhood of Canada. Canada sprang from the very lands
of the First Nations.
The British North America Act of 1867 (BNA Act), a
main document in the original Constituijon of Canada,
was agreed to by the English and French descendents of
European settlers as the formation of a separate country
named Canada.
The First Nations, prior, during and since have been
permanent entities of Canada. Proclamations, declarations, edicts, Treaties, orders, agreements/settlements
and legislation attest and give validity to the existence of
the First Nations as integral entities of the Canadian nations.
Only English, French and Indians are given mention in
the BNA Act.
But, the First Nations have been excluded, wilfully or
negligently as full participating partners from the constitutional processes.
The proposal in this Memorandum will rectify the exclusion of the First Nations from constitutional processes,
and so make right to the First Nations by giving full
recognition, full participation and full inclusion in constitutional processes.
Since time is of the essence, we would request a
response to our Memorandum not later than Monday,
March 8, 1982.
We await your reply.
�February 16, 1982
Her Royal Majesty Queen Elizabeth II
Buckingham Palace
LONDON, England
Your Majesty:
As you are aware there have been major difficulties
and differences between Indian Nations and the Canadian
Government over the patriation of the Canadian Constitution from Great Britain to Canada.
We have asked for meetings with you but have not
received any official reply to our former requests.
We are asking you at this time to intercede with the
Canadian and British Governments to delay and postpone .
the discussions on the Canadian Constitution in the British
Parliament to allow us to proceed with direct discussions
with the Canadian Government.
We also ask you to arrange a meeting with the Prime
Minister of Canada and Senior Constitutional Ministers at
the very earliest possible date to come to an agreement
and solution.
We are offering a solution to the impasse between Indian Nations and the Canadian Government in the form of
an Indian Amendment Bill embodying the fundamental
principles of Aboriginal and Treaty Rights.
This Indian Amendment Bill can be added as an adjunct to the presently proposed Constitution (Canada)
Act.
If we can be assured our fundamental principles and
concerns can be guaranteed, we are prepared to support
patriation and enter into positive and productive discussions and negotiations following patriation.
One way of formalizing such guarantees would be by
signing a Protocol Agreement between the Indian people
and the Government.
We understand you will visit ca·nada for a celebration
on the occasion of the Declaration of Patriation.
We suggest on that occasion the contents of the
forementioned Protocol Agreement embodying the
Declaration of Aboriginal and Treaty Rights Principles can
be included in a Royal Address when you declare patriation in Canada.
·
By doing this you will be giving ,cause for Indian people
to jdin patriation celebrations.
We will assemble Chiefs, Elders, and Indian people in
Ottawa in the occasion of your visit in anticipation of the
acceptance of your government of these basic Treaty and
Aboriginal Rights Principels.
Indian Nations have a high regard and esteem for the
Crown because of the solemn and sacred Treatie we have
signed with your Royal predecessors.
We urge you and your Government to confirm and reaffirm that the responsibilities, obligations and especially
the spirit and intent of the Treaties will be honoured and
respected.
We trust your Government will treat the Indian people ·
in a just and honourable way.
We have kept .and honoured the Treaties.
We look forward to a positive response from you as
our partners to the Treaties.
Yours truly,
Sol Sanderson
CHIEF
INDIAN GOVERNMENTSOF SASKATCHEWAN
FEDERATION.OF SASKATCHEWANINDIANS
EXECUTIVEOFFICE
SASKATCHEWAN
INDIAN11
�J
/
February 20, 1982
March 4, 1982
The Rt. Honourable Margaret Thatcher,
Prime Minister,
10 Downing Street,
London, England.
H.E. Governor General Edward E. Schreyer,
Government House,
Ottawa, Ontario .
Excellency:
The Indian Nations have always held your Office and
the Crown in high esteem.
The Crown represents the highest level of trust. The
Crown, through the Royal Proclamation and the Treaties,
Dear Prime Minister:
has recognized the Indian Nations as being central and integral entities in the fabric of the Canadian Nation. We
The National Indian Brotherhood of Canada represents have been in Canada long before Confederation .
over three-hundred thousand Indians in Canada.
I write to ask you to use your good offices to help
resolve
the Constitutional impasse between the Indian
The Joint Council of the National Indian Brotherhood
Nations and the Government of Canada over the patria· meeting in Ottawa February 17, 18, 1982 unanimously
agreed to reaching a political solution with the Canadian tion of the Constitution from Britain to Canada.
Government over the impasse regarding patriation of the
I ask you to exercise the influence of your office by inConstitution.
·
viting the Government and the Indians to meet together
We ask you and your Foreign Secretary to act as - for the purpose of discussing and reaching a solution
mediators and to arrange a meeting between represen- regarding the entrenchment and guarantee of Aboriginal
and Treaty Rights.
tatives of our Joint Council and the Prime Minister of
Canada, the Minister of Justice and other senior ConstituWhile the inclusion of a clause that "recognizes and aftional Ministers for the purpose of discussing and firms" Aboriginal and Treaty Rights was a great
negotiating a solution to our differences regarding the
psychological and political breakthrough, it needs to be
proposals in the proposed Canadian Constitution as they
expanded and strengthened to give greater assurance and
apply to Indian people.
security to Indian nations that such Aboriginal and Treaty
Rights cannot be diminished or wiped out in the future by
We wish to reach a solution now, prior to patriation.
the Federal and Provincial governments.
We are prepared to meet the Prime Minister and his
The Joint Council of the National Indian Brotherhood
Cabinet colleagues here in Canada or if necessary in Lonhas unanimously passed a resolution to seek a political
don.
solution to the Constitutional differences and difficulties
Your government will serve as moderators to the with the Government of Canada consistent with our
discussions and negotiations.
Declaration of Treaty and Aboriginal Rights Principles.
We have a specific solution to propose, and a specific
Patriation has not yet taken place.
procedure to find such a solution.
We have sent a letter with a Memorandum to the
We have initiated requests for a meeting with the
Prime Minister. The Memorandum describes clearly the
Prime Minister of Canada, and with -the Justice Minister in process and the content we propose to come to a resoluLondon.
tion of the Constitutional impasse.
We await their immediate response.
We enclose the Memorandum .
We ask you to convey to your Government colReaching a solution now, prior to patriation will greatly
leagues, to the Members of the House of Commons and
serve to create a more positive and productive atHouse of Lords in Great Britain that we, as leaders and ofmosphere in the post-patriation era.
ficial representatives of the Indian people, do desire to
We think our proposed solution will assist greatly in
reach a solution immediately .
the healing of the ill-will and mistrust on both the part of
the Government of Canada and the Indians.
If no solutron is reached now , we will be forced .to continue our lobby to strengthen and entrench our rights in
the Constitution.
We urge you, therefore, to assist us by offering the
prestige of your Office to bring the two sides together,
and, if possible, to act as a moderator to the discussions.
Please accept, Excellency, the assurances of our
highest consideration .
Yours sincerely,
Sykes F. Powderface,
Acting President,
National Indian Brotherhood.
12 FEBRUARY-MARCH,
1982
Yours sincerely,
Sykes F. Powderface,
Acting President,
National Indian Brotherhood .
�February 16, 1982
Honourable Jake Epp and
Members of the Conservative Party
February 16, 1982
Honourable Ed Broadbent and
Members of the New Democratic Party
Dear Sirs:
RE: Indians and the Canadian Constitution
As you are aware there has been an impasse between
Indians and the Canadian governments over the patriation
of the Canadian Constitution from Cr.eat Britain to
Canada.
Indians objected because we were blocked out and
excluded from direct and full participation in Constitutional discussions and negotiations from the beginning to
this day.
In summary the events were as follows:
- The original constitutional proposals had no mention of
Indians and Aboriginal and Treaty Rights.
- The "affirmation and recognition" clause was inserted
after the Government was forced into the Joint SenateCommons Constitutional hearings.
- The "affirmation and recognition" clause was re-instated
(in a watered-down version after a public outcry and concerted national pressure from Indian groups.
The whole constitutional matter has been a sorry and
bitter experience for Indian people. We are still unhappy
and dissatisfied. Our entreaties and concerns still fall on
hard hearts and deaf ears.
Now it appears the Federal-Provincial governments are
meeting in secret and forming a common-front alliance
against Indian people.
Such is the situation against us. While the rest of
Canada rejoices and celebrates patriation, our uphill constitutional struggles are just beginning.
But we offer a solution in the form of an Indian Rights
Amendment Bill which embodies the Declaration of First
Nations which was signed and accepted by all Indian
groups in Canada.
These principles were read into the Commons Debate
by a member of the New Democratic Party, Mr. Doug
Anguish, Battlefords-Meadow Lake.
We have also received positive support from members
of your party particularly Mr. Stan Oberle. We also recall it
was your Party that originally pressed for recognition of
Treaty and Aboriginal Rights.
We still ask for your support. In particular we ask you
to support and endorse the principles outlined in the
Declaration of First Nations.
Most of these principles have already been included in
the Constitution itself, or the government has agreed to
them in some other explicit form, or agrees in principle
but differs in how it is to be carried out.
Specifically Numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, S(a) and portions of 9
have been agreed to by the Government and are included
in the Constitution Act.
Items S(c) and 6 and portions of 9 are the "consent
clause" and the government differs because, they say,
they don't know from whom to get consent of Indians.
The latter portion of Item 9 spells this out.
The government agrees with Item 7 - a Treaty and
Aboriginal Rights Protection Office - in principle but says it
is not necessary to include it in the constitution. We say it
is.
The government agrees in principle with Item 8 - an Indian Government provision - but again says it is not
necessary to include it in the Constitution. Again, we say it
is.
These are the principles that are re-stated in parliamentary language in the Indian Rights Amendment Bill.
We propose these be passed by the British and Canadian Parliaments prior to patriation. This process does not
change the presently proposed Constitution Act. The
Amendment Bill can be passed at an adjunct to the Constitution Act.
If it is not possible or feasible to pass the Amendment
Bill prior to Constitution then a formal statement and
guarantee of acceptance of these principles can be made.
One way of formalizing such guarantee would be by
signing a protocol between Indians and the Canadian
government.
However, we deal with the Government, a formal
statement of support from the Conservative Party would
greatly assist us in our continuing constitutional struggles.
We look forward to your positive response. We hope
that we too may also find cause to celebrate patriation.
Sincerely,
Sol Sanderson
CHIEF
INDIAN GOVERNMENTSOF SASKATCHEWAN
FEDERATIONOF SASKATCHEWAN INDIANS
EXECUTIVEOFFICE
SASKATCHEWAN
INDIAN 13
�February 11, 1982
Honourable John Munro
Minister of the Department of
Indian Affairs & Northern Development
House of Commons
OTTAWA, Ontario
Dear Mr. Munro:
Sol Sanderson, President FSI.
RE:Constitution
Following our meeting of February 9-13, 1982, I am
able to confirm that the Joint Councils of National Indian
Brotherhood Executive Council, the Interim Council of
Chiefs and Elders Council agree to the proposed Indian
Rights Constitutional Amendment Bill as a solution to the
impasse between Indian people and the government over
the patriation of the constitution.
Representatives of the Joint Councils are prepared to
discuss and agree upon a solution with the Prime Minister
and Senior Constitutional Ministers of the Federal Cabinet
including Messrs. Chretien, Austin, Joyal and Lalonde.
We are holding a Joint Councils meeting in Ottawa,
February 17--18, 1982. Our leadership is prepared to come
to an agreement if the basic principles and conditions
stated in the proposed Indian Amendment Bill is accepted
by the Government.
We propose these principles be enacted prior to
patriation by the British Parliament and/or by the Canadian
Parliament.
If this is not feasible or possible then we are prepared
Yours truly,
Sol Sanderson
CHIEF
INDIAN GOVERNMENTSOF SASKATCHEWAN
FEDERATIONOF SASKATCHEWANINDIANS
EXECUTIVEOFFICE
14 FEBRUARY-MARCH,
1982
to come to the agreement that these principles be entrenched and enacted after patriation. We are prepared to
agree on a method of the formal guarantee of acceptance
and agreement between the Indian people and the
government. For example, this may be by a protocol
and/or order-in-council.
If the government agrees to entrench the principles of
the Indian Amendment Bill in the constitution, then we
are prepared to support patriation and participate in postpatriation discussions.
We also met Mr. Roger Tasse, Deputy Minister of
Justice, who heard our position, will study the matter and
try to arrange a meeting with the Senior Advisors in the
Prime Minister's Office, Privy Council Office, and FederalProvincial Relations Office, including Messrs. Pitfield, Kirby
and Axworthy.
We ask you, therefore, to arrange a meeting with
representatives of our Joint Council and the Prime
Minister and Senior Constitutional Ministers.
I look forward to your immediate reply.
�This letter from federal NDP Indian Affairs critic Jim
Manley was sent to the Leader of the opposition in Britain.
The Right Honourable Michael Foote,
Leader, Labour Party of Britain,
House of Commons,
London, England FWLAOPW
Dear Mr. Foote:
RE: Canadian Constitution.
As the New Democratic Party critic for Indian Affairs, I
am writing you with some of my concerns about the Constitutional Resolution from Canada, which is currently
before the British Parliament.
As you know, it is the position of the New Democratic
Party that the resolution, after passing both the Canadian
House of Commons and the Canadian Senate, should
receive speedy passage in Great Britain.
The recent decision by the Court of Appeal Court indicates that the trust relationship between the Crown and
the Indian people of Alberta, and by extension, the Indians of all Canada, has passed to the Crown in respect of,
Canada. The Canadian government has a direct responsibility to ensure that this trust is maintained.
During the final House of Commons debate on the
Constitutional Resolution, the New Democratic Party
moved two amendments which should have been giver)
more adequate recognition and protection of aboriginal
rights. Please refer to the enclosed copies of Hansard
page 13219, also pages 13616 & 7.
Our party presented these amendments because, in
our opinion, the word "existing'' qualified the meaning of
aboriginal and treaty rights in clause 35 of the Constitution
act, and because the Act lacked any specific references to
aboriginal and treaty rights in the ammending formula.
Although neither of these amendments was accepted
we remain concerned that the Canadian government
must live up to it's trust responsibilities. Jhis becomes important in the light of Clause 37:2 o the Act which
stipulates that a constitutional conference of First
Minister's further identify and define the rights of the
aboriginal peoples.
We do not expect the Parliament of the United
Kingdom to ammend the proposal which has been submitted to them for approval. Our view is that Canadians
alone should make such changes, (considering the importance of this subject in the eyes of the world). The fact that
Indian people have brought their case to Britain, and the
long, envolving but continuing close relationship between
our two countries, we believe it would be appropriate
and helpful for you to raise our concerns when the resolution is debated in the British Parliament, and express the
view that would be desirable of the Government of
Canada to deal with them when the Constitution is sent to
Canada.
Anything you can do to make the Canadian government aware of the world wide implication that the constitution has for human rights and racial justice, we would
greatly appreciate.
Thank you for giving this your attention.
Yours truly ,
Jim Manly , M.P.
Jim Manly, NOP IndianAffairsCritic.
SASKATCHEWANINDIAN 15
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TALK.10 MY C6USltJ ORVIL!.£ ... µe:
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ALWA'(S
o. K ,w1-1e,0? , µowf'-1\A~Y
71:-Atv'\'2>?
!N CASE W£ rJEEO "'™E
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71-\ERE15 .;>LWlY OF'"TI~
l LL Do M"<~EST "TO $))0
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1
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~COR,E:S.
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ii-I~.
SO
------
~~ ,____---41,_·
~
SY THE WAY.. .· THERE'S
Ai:) IMPORTANT MEETING
Cotv\\NG UP ...
YOUR1)1STRICT
REP' TOLD US.
THE DISTRICT
RE-PORTE.R_ S\-IOULD
BE. THE RE .
Hmmm ...
WONDER IF WE SHOULD
BooK A REPORTER
FOR THAT OLDTltv\E.RS GAME. - . . THAT SI-\OUL1)
BEGOOD FOR A -------------LOTS
OF TIME. ...
LAUGH ·
.,.___
So
_.OUT
IT .SHOULD
.. .
WORK
WONDER
WHO :L
GAN
SEND?
16 FEBRUARY-MARCH,
1982
�Progress
Northern Saskatchewan is growing
socially and economically. New
opportunities are being created for
northern residents through improved
community facilities, additional
transportation services and new social
opportunities.
The Canada-Saskatchewan Northlands
Agreement is contributing to the north's
progress. This federal-provincial
development program was implemented
in co-operation with northern people and
their communities, to help northerners
enjoy the same advantages as the rest
of the province.
Since 1972, the Department of Northern
Saskatchewan has initiated many new
development programs in the North.
Since 1974, a number of those programs
have been cost-shared with the federal
Department of Regional Economic
Expansion through the Northlands
Agreement.
The Northlands Agreement has also
~ncluded the participation of Transport
Canada and Saskatchewan Highways
and Transportation in several highway
improvement projects, the
Saskatchewan Economic Development
Corporation in an industrial parks
program and the Department of Indian
Affairs and Northern Development in a
community service program for northern
Indian Reserves.
Government of
Saskatchewan
~
Hon . Jerry Hammersmith , Minister
Ill\\\ Department
of Northern Saskatchewan
In addition, employment and training
support has been provided through the
Canada Employment and Immigration
Commission.
Federal-provincial co-operation has
helped provide new roads and airfields,
water and sewer services, and .
community fire protection equipment.
The Northlands Agreement has
supported teacher training, health and
recreation programs, community
planning and many other northern
development initiatives.
The Canada-Saskatchewan Northlands
Agreement - helping bring progress to
the north.
If you would like to learn more about
northern development initiatives, write:
Extension Services Branch
Department of Northern Saskatchewan
Box 5000
La Ronge, SOJ 1LO
Information Services
Department of Regional Economic
Expansion
400 • 1955 Smith Street
Regina, S4P 2N8
Canada
Hon. Herb Gray, Minister
Department of Regional Economic Expansion
SASKATCHEWAN
INDIAN17
�wrapped the baby's arms and legs.
After he settled down , James we nt
back to bed.
The following morning his mo ther
asked him to cut some wood. After
an hour of excuses and complaints
he finally consented; not that he had
any choice. He took the axe and
wandered
into the bush . He
wondered what trees were good for
firewood. He had only gone with his
father a couple of times but had not
helped much. He went from tree to
tree not really watching where he
was going. He found a tree that he
thought would be good and easy for
him to carry. He cut i down , turned
and was on his way home. He looked
around him, he didn't know where
the hel I he was. Soon it started to
snow, large flakes came floating
down from the ever darkening sky.
James brought in the water just as
JAMES
He looked for something he
the baby started crying. His mother
As the day wore on, mother put
recognized.
Nothing! "Oh God, I'm
was cutting up some meat so she
the baby to sleep while James sat by
lost,"
James
thought
miserably, " and
told him to pick up the baby. James
the stove whittling a piece of
in a snowstorm too." James stood
noticed the red spots appearing on
firewood. His father had been' gone
there bewildered, then a small voice
his face. He walked over to the
for a day now and their supply of
at the back of his head chided,
stove. James tenderly unwrapped
firewood
was dwindling. James'
"Snowstorm!
What snowstorm? Stop
the baby's arms so he could stretch
mother came to the stove, threw in
being
ridiculous
and try to find a way
them out, but he just lay there and
some more wood and went over to
home."
"Right,"
James said, then
fell asleep again. James loved his litthe counter to pour a cup of tea.
gave
a
whimper
of a laugh as he
tle brother although he didn't show it
"James, will you go get some
very often . His mother watched him · realized he was talking to himself .
water," she sighed.
The log on his shoulder was getting
secretly, as he wrapped up the baby
heavy,
so he picked up the axe and
James just sat there, deliberately igand continued to hold him. A single
walked. He had been walking for ten
noring his mother. He didn't want to
tear fell down his mother's cheek as
minutes when he noticed a notch on
get any water. He just got some this
she watched her sons. Only she
a
tree ahead of him. He dropped
morning. He almost wished his father
knew the hopelessness of the situaeverything
and ran forward, it was a
were back so he could do the work .
tion. She remembered the scene 13
tree that he had planned to cut if he
But his father bugged him. He was so
years ago when she was worried
had not found a better one. His
nice and generous, it almost made
whether James would survive the
thoughts
raced through his mind ,
him sick. For example, he had left
measles or not. James had been a
remembering everything he had
yesterday to walk to Stanley to get
year old when he had the measles so
seen and done. He went back and
help for the baby. James thought he
had been stronger and pulled
picked up his wood and axe. He
would never walk 70 miles just
through. As she watched him sit
walked in the direction he thought
because his little brother was sick. He · there looking down at his five month
he had come from . There was
didn't think the baby was that sick, he
old brother , she wasn't sure whether
another notched tree! And another!
just had a fever that's all.
the baby would make it. James put
James was so happy, that at first he
the baby back in his crib.
His mother
interrupted
his
did not feel the cold, then he started
thoughts. "James, I told you to go get
James' mother woke him in the
shivering. He put down his log and
some water."
middle of the night and told him,
sat on it. He took off one of his
"Make a fire; the baby is getting
Reluctantly, he got up. He had whitshoes; his sock was soaking wet. He
worse. " James got up grumbling but
tled away the wood to nothing
was relieved to hear his mother's
made
a
fire
anyway
.
It
was
four
in
the
anyway. He picked up the pails and
call. He picked up his wood and
morning. Just as he was going back to
stomped out the door, letting in a
went
home with her.
bed, his mother asked him to heat up
draft of cold air as he went. His
When
he got there it was 4 o'clock,
some oil. Sensing the urgency, James
mother busied herself fixing supper.
he
was
gone seven hours! He undid
not
complain,
even
though
he
She wondered when James would
dressed and sat in front of the stove
wanted to go back to sleep.
start looking at the real world instead
and warmed up.
of daydreaming all day."He will have
He gave the heated oil to his
"James, how far did you go?" asked
to go get some wood tomorrow,"
mother who was sitting on the bed
his
mother.
she thought as she put the frying pc:,.n trying to comfort the baby. She rubbon the stove .
ed the oil on the baby, then she
Sheepishly, James answered, " I got
18 FEBRUARY-MARCH
, 1982
�lost."
"You got lost, that's awful," explained his mother, "how did you get
back?"
"Look! I got back, didn't I," he
shouted, furious at the way his
mother was fussing over him.
"Keep your voice down, you'll
wake up the baby," replied his
mother, nonplussed by his outburst.
The baby seemed to be getting better when James went to play with
him on the bed. The red spots were
starting to go down . After supper,
James went to cut the wood and
brought it inside for the night. Then
he went to get some water. That
night his mother did not want to go
to bed, she was worried about the
baby.
"Mother, what are you worried
about?" inquired James. "The rash
seems to be going away and he was
playing this afternoon."
His mother looked at him with tears
in her eyes and calmly said, "That's
not what is supposed to happen, he's
supposed to get a fever before the
rash goes away."
f
"What's going to happen to him?"
he asked, not 1 really wanting to
know.
His mother wiped a tear from her
eye and noncommitedly replied, "I
don't know."
That night the baby slept soundly
but James couldn't sleep a wink. He
was worried about what his mother
had said. What could happen to his
brother? As the bright rays of the rising sun tinted the sky, he finally fell
into a"restless slumber . He dreamed
that he was walking through a forest
and suddenly a shape was forming in
front of him. It was his little brother,
who was smiling at him. James reached for him but his brother only seemed to float a little further, as if leading
him someplace. He kept reaching
and reaching but he could not touch
his little brother. By now he was crying and running as fast as he could,
but his brother just continued to float
further away. Finally James woke up,
shivering in a cold sweat as he vividly
remembered the nightmare.
He got up and made the fire , putting on a kettle of water for tea. He
went to check on his brother only to
find him rasping for breath. He quickly woke up his mother who had doz-
ed off. She awoke immediately and
looked at James, not recognizing him
right away.
"Mother, wake up, the baby is having trouble breathing," he urged as
he touched his mother's shoulder.
" Hmm, oh! What's wrong James?"
she asked as she shook her head, as
if trying to clear it. She gazed down
to where the baby lay and noticed
how hard a time the baby was having
to breathe. She quickly picked him
up and tried to soothe him.
Quickly, James went to heat some
oil and he ripped up another diaper.
He took the oil to the bed and gave it
to his mother.
" It won't do any good," she said as
she looked at her older son.
"But we've got to do something,
we can't just let him die," he
whispered as he looked at his
brother.
His mother looked at him, as surprised as he was by what he'd just
said. "W hy did you say he's going to
die?" she asked.
"I don't know ," he answered, shaking his head, "I had a dream last
night."
"About your brother?"
"Yes, I was trying to touch him but I
couldn't. He was floating farther and
farther away from me," he explained.
His mother didn't answer him as
she handed over the baby and went
to put some teabags in the boiling
kettle. She put some more wood in
and put a pot of water on. Meanwhile, James was unwrapping his
brother, spreading the oil on the
baby's chest and rubbing it in. Then
he took the baby and went and sat
by the stove. His mother looked at
him and started crying.
"Why, James, why?" she sobbed as
she gazed at her two loved ones.
" I don't know, mother," he replied.
He knew then that his little brother
was going to leave them. Even as this
thought crossed his mind, the baby's
arms became colder . Desperately
James tried to warm them up again,
his mother came and took the baby.
She went and placed him in his crib.
They sat by the stove and listened to
the last gasps of breath the baby
took. Then all was quiet except for
their own breathing .
James ran out of the house, unable
to stand the unearthly quietness in-
side. He wandered aimlessly in the
forest wondering why his brother
had been taken from them this way.
He returned home to find his mother
wrapping the baby in bundles of
clothes. He went out and into the
tool shed. He took out the shovel
and found a bare patch on a hill.
From there he could see the cabin
and the serenely peaceful lake.
He finished at noon. There wasn't a
cloud in the sky to conceal the sun's
shining brilliance. He found some
boards and pieced them together to
make a coffin. He didn't need much
material and he was done within the
hour. He went and Id his mother
he was finished. He took the tiny
bundle and put it in the coffin. He
nailed it shut and took it up the hill.
His mother came too and when he
had put the coffin in the ground , she
said a couple of prayers as she cried.
She threw in a piece of earth as a last
good-bye to her son. She went back
to the house while James was left
alone to finish the job. He said his
own prayer and threw in a piece of
earth too. He grabbed the shovel as
the first of many tears trickled down
his cheek. Through blurred vision he
placed the makeshift cross at the
head of the grave.
After he finished, he went home for
lunch. He decided to go check his
father's snares. He knew where they
all were. His mother packed him
some food so he wouldn't get
hungry. He picked up the rifle and set
out. He found 3 frozen rabbits which
he tied together with a rope and
flung over his shoulder. He continued on his way.
He had been walking for a couple
of miles without seeing anything,
then he noticed a fox caught in a
snare. He went closer and realized
that it was a sleek, silver fox . The fox
seemed to withdraw at the sight of
the gun, so James put it down and
ventured closer. In the fox's eyes,
James saw a flicker of despair that
was quickly replaced by a look of defiance. The fox stood stock still as he
warily watched this angel of death
come upon him. James bent down
and slipped the snare from the fox's
leg. There was a welt around the calf
but the fox turned around and raced
for cover. From behind a bush the
fox watched James as he reset the
snare. Then they both turned and
went their separate ways.
■
SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN ~9
�BIG RIVERBAND
MEMBERTAKESINDIAN
AFFAIRSTO COURT
by G.loriaLedoux
The situation at Stony Lake looks
grim, the destiny and future of these
people
continues
to remain
desolate.
A group of approximately forty-five
people from the Big River Band moved to a remote area north of Big
River approximately four years ago
to get away from Alcohol and Drug
related problems encountered on
the reserve. This settlement does not
have running water, no electricity, inadequate housing, and no accessable
roads.
Spokesperson,
Gordon
Dreaver says "We are not asking for
the world, just a little piece of land."
The land in question is traditional Indian land, formerly occupied by
residents of the Big River band, long
before parcels of land were set aside
for reserves.
Last November, Indian Affairs implemented their policy to cut off
assistance to status Indians who have
lived off their reserve for more than
one year. Being satisfied that the land
in question was never set aside as
reserve and no evidence to prove
otherwise, Gordon Dreaver and his
family were cut off assistance. The
Band Council has helped alleviate
the problem to some extent by giving these people assistance through
band funds, but the well has now
gone dry. They have also signed a
Band Council Resolution saying the
group will get priority for this piece
20 FEBRUARY-MARCH,
1982
of land.
Mike Boullion, Special Assistant to
the Minister of Indian Afairs, John
Munro , flew in from Ottawa to visit
the settlement and assess the situation first hand. A compliment of staff
including Regional Director of Community
Affairs,
John Paul, a
Superintendent of Community Affairs, Elmer Poitras, Superintendent of
Shellbrook Indian Agency, Morris Lafond , Field Officer, Leslie Ahenakew
and Ray Ahenakew, Fourth VicePresident of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians met with the chief
Councillors, Paul Bear, Douglas Rab~
bitskin , Tom Bear, and Gordon
Dreaver. Although the position of Indian Affairs has not changed, Mike
Boullion assured Gordon Dreaver
that by accepting assistance from the
province would not infringe on his
treaty rights in any way . These people occupy crown land off the
reserve, therefore , the responsibility
of the provincial government.
When asked if his people were starving, Dreaver would not relent. He
claims his family will starve first
before
they will
accept
any
assistance from the Province. In his
words, " I am a Treaty Indian, we did
not sign treaties with the provincial
government , they were signed with
the federal government."
A Band Council Resolution has
been signed supporting the Dreaver
family and to hold the land for the Big
River Band until the land issue has
been resolved. The band has no Land
Entitlement, but as Dreaver claims,
(There is no evidence the traditional
land has ever been surrendered". It
seems the only option open to the
Council would be to trade part of
their reserve for this piece of land.
This option is, of course, subject to a
band referendum,
or further
evidence the land claim is valid.
With so many odds against him,
Gordon Dreaver, in a solemn manner
stated, "In our Indian culture we have
no boundaries, the whiteman put
them there. We are all brothers and
sisters and we will help one another.
This is a big decision to make, we
must take our time. We have saved
the federal government money, how
many times did the police have to
come here, how many trips did the
ambulance make?
Indian Affairs is adamant in their
stand to cut off services to Urban Indians, the question remains, are
these people urban Indians?
In the meantime, approximately
twenty-three children are not in
school. Florence Dreaver, a concerned parent commented the only
visitors that come are from Social
Services, education is never mentioned. The community has set aside one
building for a classroom, but they
have no desks, no supplies, etc. A
proposal has been submitted to the
Shellbrook Agency office, but no
response has been received .
A court case is pending against the
Federal Government, Dreaver being
represented by lawyer Jeremy Hill.
The case could have important implications to Indians living off reserve
and to the constitutional question. ■
�NATIONAL _
NEWS FROM
THE NATIONS
In view of the fact that Indian news
does not end at the boundaries of
your reserve or Saskatchewan or
Canada itself, the Saskatchewan In- ·
dian will be incorporating an international news forum into the line-up of
regular features. This month we have
a few reports from the US and other
points in Canada. These reports have
been gleaned from "existing" Indian
news sources. These are something
like existing treaty and aboriginal
rights: there, but so far unrecognized. We hope you approve and we
thank the unsuspecting contributors.
BAND GOVT. GIVEN
RIGHT TO TAX
(WASHINGTON
DC) A press
release from the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) says the US
Supreme Court has ruled the Jicarilla
Apache of New Mexico "has the inherent power to impose severence
tax on petitioners mining activities as
part of its power to govern and pay
the cost of self-government''.
The court ruled "the power to tax is
an essential attribute of Indian
sovereignty because it is a necessary
instrument of self-government and
territorial management''.
This means a mining company
operating on Jicarilla land must pay
taxes to the tribal government. The
US Congress retains the power to
remove this decision if it so desires
but has made no indications of doing
so.
AMAX, COLVILLETRIBES
SIGN DEAL
(WASHINGTON
DC) The 3000
member
Colville
Confederated
Tribes of Washington state will earn
$1 billion over the next 40 years frrm
a joint venture mineral lease with
Amax Incorporated, whose Canadian
subsidiary is well known to the
Nishga Indians of British Columbia
(BC). The Colville Tribes will receive
$1 million per year after that for the
duration of the lease. Amax will also
split the profits on a 50-50 basis after
the initial five year period. Tribal
members will get first crack at 600
jobs opened by the discovery of 900
million tons of low grade moly-ore
on Colville lands. 59 percent of the
Colville labor force was unemployed
before the lease was signed. Amax of
Canada was recently ordered by a
court to stop dumping Molybdenum
tailings into Alice Arm Inlet.
HUGE ONT ARIO CLAIM
BEFORECOURT
The Teme-Augama Anishinabai nation (Deepwater People), whose
traditional homelands encompass
4,000 square miles of territory near
the Quebec-Ontario boundary north
of North Bay, Ontario, have filed a
"certificate of readiness" in the
Supreme Court of Ontario, a report
issued by that nation states.
The report says the Teme-Augama
Anishinabai claims and entreaties
had gone unheeded by the provincial
government until 1973 when they
placed a caution prohibiting Ontario
from issuing patents to their territory.
For the past nine years, the TemeAugama Anishinabai, the Attorney
General of Ontario and PamourPorcupine Mines Ltd., have been in
court.
"The Ontario government and
Pamour-Porcupine Mines are seeking
declarations that the Teme-Augama
Anishinabai have no rights in the land
in question, and if such rights do indeed exist, what is the nature and
definition of such rights," the report
says.
The Teme-Augama Anishinabai say
they first approacheci the "settler
governments" 105 years ago and informed them the area in question
had not been sur;endered. They contend their right of possession is better than either Ontario or PamourPorcupine Mines. Mr. Justice Steele
of the Supreme Court of Ontario has
set April 13, 1982 as the trial date. It's
expected to last three to six months.
"The ruling will be of considerable
constitutional importance as it will
define the nature of Indian title in
Ontario," the report said.
NEW INDIAN ART CENTRE
FOR THUNDER BAY
(THUNDER BAY) A new "Center for
Indian Art is under construction as an
addition to the National Exhibition
Center here. One third of the 12 000
square foot addition will be dev~ted ·
to the display of Indian art. The long
range goal of the new center is to be
"the major focus of Indian art in
Canada", and to become an important research/resource center. Funding for the new center comes from
private and corporate donors, the city of Thunder Bay, Ontario grant and
from the National Museums of
Canada. 400 works of Indian art have
been loaned to the center by the Nationpl Museum of Man in Ottawa.
Construction is well underway and
the new addition is expected to be
ready for use by the summer of 1982.
The Center for Indian Art will officially open in the early autumn.
INDIAN INMATES
CAMPAIGN FOR
RELIGIOUSFREEDOM
(COLLINS BAY, ONT ARIO) A group
of Indian inmates at the Collins Bay
Penitentiary near Kinston, Ontario is
pressing the Correctional Service of
Canada (CSC)for the right to practice
freedom of religion during incarceration.
The Tribal Ways Brotherhood
started a campaign a year ago seeking the support of Don Yeomans,
Corrections Commissioner, Robert
Kaplan, Solicitor General for Canada
and Catholic and Protestant clergy
within the CSC to allow a sweat
lodge and protective snowfence to
remain where it stands near the Collins _Bay chapel.
Beside,; the sweat lodge, the
brotherhood seeks the right to keep
sweet grass, eagle feathers, ribbon
shirts, sage, drums and medicine
pouches in their cells. These religious
articles are meant for use during
ceremonies to be arranged through
the existing clergy, the brotherhood
says. They also ask for the right to
have their spiritual leaders allowed
into the institution
for such
ceremonies
without
medicine
bundles and other religious articles
being .searched
or otherwise
mishandled. Medicine bundles are
prepared and sealed by medicine
men and women for health, purity
and protection reasons.
Father Raymond Tardif, the Roman
Catholic chaplain at Collins Bay says
other spiritual groups like the Four
Day Group, Day of Awareness, the
Jewish Synagogue and Catholic and
Protestant chapels are free to pursue
religious freedoms and have access
to their religious regalia. He says it is
essential that Indian inmates be given
the same access as the other groups.
SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN 21
�A letter from the Tribal Ways
Brotherhood says, "the sweat lodge
is very sacred and respected through
our nations just as the church or
chapel is respected by the people
who attend these religious services.
The sweat lodge is also a church in a
traditional way to Indian people. Like
other religions, we pray and give
thanks to the same creator above
and ask for guidance here on Mother
Earth."
The brotherhood has appealed to
the general public for support. They
request letters of support to be sent
to: Donald Yeomans
Commissioner of Corrections,
Correctional Service of Canada
1 Killeway Place,
460 O'Connor Street,
OTTAWA, Ontario K1S SH3
and
Hon. Robert Kaplan
Solicitor General of Canada,
Sir Wilfred Laurier Bldg.,
340 Laurier Avenue West,
OTTAWA, Ontario
POSSIBLE
CUSTER,
7th CALV.,SUICIDE
(AP) A pathologist with the Institute
'of Forensic Pathology of the US armed forces is investigating a theory
that Gen. George Armstrong Custer
and members of the 7th US Cavalry
killed themselves when it became
obvious they could not win the Battle
of the Little Bighorn.
Jerry Spencer of the US Navy has requested permission to exhume
bodies of soldiers buried at the
Custer Monument in Montana to
check skulls for powder burns.
"A point blank shot to the head 1
drives a tremendous amount of
firearm · residue into the skull."
A campaign to exhume the
skeletons continues.
QUEBECSUDDENLY
CARES
(CP) In a surprise about-face, The Parti Quebecois has voted in favour of a
policy to review and settle native
land and social claims and to create a
cabinet position for a minister of
native affairs. In the past, native
leaders have rated the Levesque
government as one of the worst in
Canada for dealing with native concerns. Rel_ations with Quebec natives
are strained because the province
has failed to live up to terms of the
James Bay Treaty of 1975 and has
trampled fishing rights.
■
22 FEBRUARY-MARCH,
1982
INTERNATIONAL
WASHINGTONREPORT
"By Political
Appointment Only"
by Theresa A.
Nahanee
WASHINGTON, D.C. - All senior
bureacratic posts should be by
"political appointment'' in Canada as
they are in the United States.Sound a
bit too radical?
As one who served as Executive
Assistant to Assistant Deputy
Minister Cam Mackie in Indian and Inuit Affairs when Trudeau went out
and Clark came in; when Clark went
out and Trudeau came back in; and
when Carter went out and Reagan
came in, I am not without some experience, albeit not a lot, but some.
The Clark Government , of course,
made very few changes at the Deputy Minister and Assistant Deputy
Minister level and history itself will
determine how wise this was. In a
sense, of course, he made Trudeau's
return to power that much simpler
since all the same senior managers
were still in place upon his return six
months after being out of office.
After seeing it " in action" in
Washington, I favor the American
system of "sweeping house" beginning with the most senior officials and
down as far as necessary to achieve
change. These senior officials should
be categorized under a "by political
appointment only'' category in the
federal civil service and should go
through some public process prior to
appointment. And at the end of their
tenure which ends when their
political party is out of office, they
should be expected to resign their
posts.
In the United States such appointments are called "Schedule C's"
-"political appointments". Most are
appointed by the President, all are
cleared by the FBIand most must appear before a Senate Committee for
public hearings. Here anyone may
ask to give testimony on behalf of, or
against, these political appointees.
Generally the candidates are cleared
and posted.
Of course, our system of government has vast differences with the
U.S.
For example, in the United States
most laws are introduced as "private
bills" as we call them in Canada.!
After introduction, they are referred
to the appropriate Committee on the
House or Senate side of Congress
and the process continues. Hearings
are held on controversial bills and a
"mark-up" is held. Once approved in
Committee, the bill is returned to the
House (or Senate) for three readings
and when passed, is referred to the
other chamber. If no one sponsors it,
that is the end. Once sponsored it
goes through a similar process. In this
whole process, the Administration
(or bureaucracy) ls asked to comment on the bill and make recommendations and these are taken into
account at "mark-up" and/or during
the readings.
Now in Canada, while members
can introduce private bills most
legislation arises in the bureacracy
(an agency or the Privy Council). Our
political process by its very nature is
dominated as much by bureaucrats
(including Deputy Ministers and
Assistant Deputy Ministers) as by
politicians. The Cabinet does get to
approve which legislation will be
developed, but it is returned to the
bureaucrats to write the bills and
channel them through the legislative
process. That doesn't happen in the
United States.
It would seem that in a system such
as ours, the political party in power
would want to control all phases o·f
the legislative process. Of course, a
certain complacency has set in simply because we have been under oneparty rule for most of our history. But
this alone does not make it the best
system.
It is even more imperative that as a
country we consider developing and
introducing a new "le vel" of management in our system to give the
political party in power control of the
bureaucracy, or the "Administration"
as it is known in the United States.
Some task force of Parliament
should review which positions
should be included in this "political
category''; determine their salaries
and benefits; devise a system of appointments; institute a code of
behaviou r and ethics; and put this into "law''. Certainly it should include ·
all Deputy Ministers; Assistant Deputy Ministers; Privy Council officials
(down to secretaries and clerks),
senior Treasury Board officials;· Am-
�bassadors; Policy Directors; Information Directors; and other sensitive
posts. Otherwise I fail to see how a
new government can gain control.
This may mean, as it does in the
United States, that a new Prime
Minister will need a few months to
plan his/her takeover of the reins of
power and Government.
So how does it work in reality?
The White House staff here, of
course, is a tremendously large
bureaucracy occupying two large office buildings, the old and the new
Executive Office Buildings. When
Reagan came into office here,
unemployment officials were sent
over to the Executive Office buildings
to help dislocated White House staff
apply for other jobs and unemployment benefits. Th~ same happened
in the Congress where the Senate
finally gave the Republicans a majority. A lot of people on the Hill found
themselves without jobs. People
who, a few months before, were the
powers-that-be in Washington, who
ran the agencies, and who wielded
the power were now suddenly "on
the street''.
And in the Bureau of Indian Affairs,
I saw the scramble for new jobs firsthand. The Commissioner resigned
and went into private consulting; the
Acting Assistant Secretary for Indian
Affairs left town along with his two
Acting Deputy Assistant Secretaries;
and scores of Special Assistants in
both offices started looking down into the agency for new assignments.
Contacts in Personnel suddenly
became very important. Mind you,
the career civil servants who never
aspire to political appointments sit
smugly back during this transition
and watch the scramble. During a
house-cleaning, the Administration
puts them temporarily into power.
It sounds like a mess and it certainly
is unsettling for many people, but it is
expected. There were massive
resignations throughout all the agencies of political appointees and their
staffs actively sought other jobs.
Those that didn't were simply let go.
Even those who did not want to
leave, who tried pathetically to hold
on, were forced to go anyway. The
sweep included secretaries and
clerks at the White House and on the
Hill, as well as in offices of Secretaries
(Ministers); Under-Secretaries; Assistant Secretaries and Commissioners.
And did these massive changes br-
ing the bureaucracy to a grinding
halt) No, it certainly did not. The
house cleaning left a lot of vacancies
to fill in Washington - the President
alone controlled at least 2,500 jobs
and more.
The result has been a big swing
around in policies, regulations, laws,
attitudes and style - from "liberal" to
"conservative". It is upsetting to the
"little bureaucrat'', but it brings fast
changes and brings in new watchdogs for the new Government.
Of course there are a few rebels
here and there who find some way
to pursue their own goals and try to
maintain a "liberal" program in a
"conservative" environment, but the
swing is constant and the housecleaning continues for four years until everyone is weeded out who
politically and philosophically cannot
agree with the new policies.
Sure it is awesome, sometimes
frightening, but if we elect a political
party, it sould be able to govern to
follow its policies, to introduce its
laws and to control the bureaucracy
and the machinery of government. ■
FARM TALKWITH
ART IRVINE
Varieties of Grain Crops for Saskatchewan 1982 is now available at
Agricultural Representative Offices
throughout the Province. Grain crop
production is divided into · four areas
based on climate, vegitation and soil
type.
Area 1 includes the southwest.
Area 2 includes Wilkie, Kindersley,
Kyle, Moose Jaw, Regina, Weyburn
and Estevan. Area 3 includes Lloydminster, North Battleford, Prince
Albert, Melfort, Kelvington, Kamsack,
Melville and Carlyle. Area 4 comprises the far north including
Meadow Lake, Carrot River and Hudson Bay.
Bread wheat varieties are compared to Neepawa, a high yielding
variety recommended throughout
Saskatchewan. Columbus, licensed in
1980, is higher yielding and has better sprouting
and weathering
resistance than other varieties. Seed
should be available in 1982.
Canuck, Chester and Leader are
sawfly resistant varieties recommended only in Areas 1 and 2 of the
southwest. Leader, licensed in 1981,
is similar to Chester but has superior
sprouting and weathering resistance.
Seed will not be available until 1983.
Benito, Manitou, Napayo and Sinton are other
recommended
varieties.
Norstar is high yielding, has acceptab,le baking quality, and is the most
hardy winter wheat available. If a
reasonable stand survives the winter,
winter wheat should yield 25 percent
higher than recommended spring
wheat. Winter wheat matures earlier,
provides increased weed competition and has labor requirement advantages. Successful production is
most possible in areas 3 and 4 and in
the southern part of are 1.
Pitic 62 is an exceptionally high
yielding wheat eligible only for
Canada Feed. Glenlea is a high
yielding utility wheat with normal
yields in the southwest. Pitic 62 and
Glenlea are variable in maturity and
may mature late under cool conditions.
Fielder is a recommended soft
white spring wheat which should be
grown under contract on irrigated
land.
Durum wheat varieties are compared to Wascana, a high yielding
variety recommended throughout
the Province. Wakooma is also
recommmended. Coulter and Macoun are early maturing, shortstrawed varieties which should be
grown where these characteristics
are important.
Barley varieties eligible for C.W.
grades are compared to Bonanza, a
good yielding 6-row variety recommended throughout the Province.
Argyle, a new 6-row malting barley
is slightly higher yielding than Bonanza in northern and eastern Saskatchewan. Limited quantities of seed
will be available in 1982. Conquest
and Beacon are also recommended
6-row varieties but yield considerably
lower.
Klages, Elrose and Betzes are
recommended 2-row varieties eligible for C.W. grades. Harrington and
Norbert are promising new varieties
not eligible for current C.W. grades.
Recommended feed barlies are
Fairfield, Hector, Fergus, Summit,
Bedford, Klondike, Johnson and
Melvin. Hector and Fairfield are
technically eligible for C.W. grades,
but the malting industry prefers other
varieties. Fairfield, Hector, Fergus and
Summit are 2-row varieties. Bedford,
SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN 23
�Klondike, Johnson and Melvin are
high yielding 6-row varieties.
Recommended oat varieties are
Harmon,
Athabasca,
Cascade,
Cavell, Fidler, Foothill, Hudson,
Kelsey, Random and Sioux. Harmon
has plump seeds and a moderately
strong straw. Athabasca has a similar
yield, smaller kernels, less per bushel
weight and less disease resistance.
Cavel has weaker straw. Hudson and
Random are high yielders with short,
strong straws but lower test weight
than Harmon. Hudson is the only
listed variety with resistance to stem
rust race C10. Cascade is high
yielding. Foothill is a late, weak
strawed, low test forage oat not particularly suited for Saskatchewan.
Fidler should only be considered for
late seeding in the southeast where
rust may be a problem.
Recommended flax varieties are
Dufferin, Culbert, Linott, Noralta and
McGregor. Dufferin, Culbert, Linott
and McGregor are rust resistant. Late
flax seeding is not recommended.
Linott yields better than most other
varieties when late seeding is
necessary. Rust and other flax
diseases overwinter in Saskatchewan.
Avoid planting flax on or near flax
stubble to minimize these diseases.
Use clean seed, as trash in seed may
be infected. Frozen flax may be
poisonous, have it tested at the
Saskatchewan
Feed
Testing
Laboratory before using for livestock
feed.
Recommended winter rye varieties
are Puma, Cougar, Frontier, Kodiak
and Musketeer. Kodiak has tan
kernels which are about 10 percent
larger than most other varieties,
other varieties usually have green
kernels. Winter rye yields approximately ½ higher than spring rye.
Gazelle is the highest yielding spring
rye licensed for production in Saskatchewan.
Recommended
Turnip
rape
varieties are Tobin, Candle and
R-500. Seed colors are yellow-brown
except for R-500 which is yellow.
Recommended
Argentine
rape
varieties are Altex, Andor, Regent
and Tower. All have black seeds.
Argentine rapes produce higher
returns under irrigation. Irrigation
delays maturity four or five days.
R-500 produces oil with a high erucic
acid level and is grown under contract for specialized industrial oil
24 FEBRUARY-MARCH,
1982
markets. Rape is not recommended
for dry areas of the Province.
Recommended fields pea varieties
are Century, Tara and Trapper. Field
peas produce best in the parkland
region. Protein content varies among
fields of the same variety. It is advisable to obtain a protein analysis
on seed used for livestock feed. Tara
is more resistant to powdery mildew
than the other two, but its irregular
seed has lower market value. lnnoculate field pea seed before planting.
Recommended fabean varieties are
Ackerperle, Diana and Herz Freya.
They are a good protein source for
livestock feeding. They produce best
in the area of the Black soil zone that
has the longest growing season. They
should be seeded early and do well
under irrigation in the Dark Brown
soil zone. Seed 7 cm. deep in rows
15 to 17 cm. apart. A seeder with a
deep-fluted cup should be used to
prevent their large seeds from cracking. Swath when the low part of the
pod turns dark on 25 percent of the
plants to reduce skattering. Diana
and Herz Freya mature six days
earlier than Ackerperle, an important
feature in northern areas. lnnoculate
fabean seed before planting.
The recommended lentil variety in ·
Laird, a large seed Chilean type. The
main production problems are weed
control and harvesting. Sow on clean
land. Herbicides are available, consult with the Crop Development
Centre in Saskatoon or the Plant Industry Branch in Regina regarding
weed control. The plants are short.
Swath at ground level to avoid
harvest losses. Use level stone-free
land. Lentils produce best in the
brown, dark brown and southern
areas of the black soil zone and
should be seeded on stubble. lnnoculate lentil seed before planting.
Recommended
buckwheat
varieties
are Mancan,
Manor,
Tempest and Tokyo. The larger seds
of Mancan and Manor bring a
premium. Buckwheat is a short
season cask or honey crop, susceptible to dry weather and high
temperatures. It is usually grown
under contract to ensure a market.
Yields are variable. Grow on summerfallow or on stubble where
separating similar sized seeds will not
be a problem. Buckwheat is susceptible to frost, early June seeding is
recommended. Swath when the ma-
jority of seeds are ripe, or immediately after the first killing frost. Adjust
real speed and pickup speed to
match ground speed to reduce shattering.
Yellow,
Brown and Oriental
mustards are grown commercially.
Yellow mustard is resistant to shattering. Because of wind damage to fluffy
swaths it should be straight combii,ed. Brown and Oriental mustard
usually yield 25 percent higher than
Yellow mustard, are more susceptible to shattering and are usuciliy
swathed although straight combini ng
is feasible. Mustards are usua!l 1
always grown under contract . They
are less drought resistant than wh<:>at
but have better seed quality under
drier conditions.
Recommended Yellow mustards
are Gisilba, Kirby and Ochre. Kirby is
slightly later maturing and more
resistant to lodging. Ochre is slightly
more susceptible to lodging. They
are equal in yield.
Recommended Brown mustards
are Ekla, Blaze and Commercial. Ekla
is higher in allyl isothiocyanate than
other varieties. Blaze yields about 10
percent higher than other strains,
while being between the others in
allyl isothiocyanate. Blaze contains a
small percentage of yellow seeds.
Recommended Oriental mustards ·
are Lethbridge 22A, Stoke and
Domo. Lethbridge 22A has superior
seed color. Stoke has high seed and
allyl isothiocyanate flavor yields.
Domo yields about 10 percent
higher than Stoke and 16 percent
higher than Lethbridge 22A.
Specifics on these and other crops
such as corn, sunflowers, safflower,
canary seed and triticale are available
at your Agricultural Representative
Office. Use this service. It is for your
use and benefit.
■
�NORTH BATTLEFORDDISTRICT
~
-,.~
,,
INDIANVETSPLAN
MOREDISCUSSION
Education Commission Member speaks to NB group.
NORTHBATTLEFORD
CHIEFS
MEET
ED. COMMISSION
NORTH BATTLEFORD - Numerous
issues faced by Indians were recently
discussed during the meeting held
January 19 at the FSI district office
Sask. Indian Education Commission.
The commission, headed by Clive
Linklater, was explained to the Chiefs
by two of its field representatives,
Linda Pelly and Mary
Anne
Sokawaypanace. They requested approval on the matters of naming participants to attend a provincial
workshop; and touring of reserves to
secure photographs and explain the
commission to individual bands.
After some discussion, the Chiefs
called for a workshop to be held at
the district level, granted approval
for the photos and tour and decidedthe commission would be contacted
for workshops by individual bands. ■
NORTH BATTLEFORD- Report from
the national scene and program services highlighted the meeting held
February 11 by members of the
Saskatchewan
Indian Veteran's
Association.
The meeting held at the Legion
Centre in this city was attended by
Leona Ruddel, Roy
ering and
Joanne Harrington of the Dept. of
Veteran's Affairs (DVA) in Saskatoon;
Ernie Crowe, president of SIVA;
Lawrence Weenie, area counsellor
and Norman Henderson of the Prince
Albert Chapter.
Earlier a meeting held by provincial
SIVA executive included a verbal
report on a national IV meeting attended by Crowe and a proposed
meeting with neighbouring provincial Indian Veteran groups.
On the national scene, no concrete
policy was adopted for the provincial
groups because of no clear line of
communication
existing and a
meeting of the three neighbouring
western provincial bodies was proposed by Ernie Crowe.
During the afternoon session held
at the Legion centre a slide presentation was made by the Saskatoon
DVA group followed by a volley of
questions by the Indian veterans.
DVA was accused of 'passing th
buck' and nonfulfillment of benefits
by the Indian veterans.
■
COMMUNITY COLLEGE
OFFERSCOURSES
Cabinet Making Trainees at work.
EvaThomas, field co-ordinator for the
SICC, said there could probably be
some short courses held, including
cabinet making, small motor repair
and settlement maintenance, but it
would require about one week's
notice to secure 9 courses.
Poundmaker and Little Pine requested a joint-cabinet
making
course, Onion Lake requested a
plumbing and heating course and
Saulteaux requested a small motor
repair course .
The next meeting proposed by the
Chiefs was set for February 22, 23,
and 24.
■
SASKATCHEWAN 11\/DIAN2'i
�ALCOHOL,DRUG ABUSEWOR.KSHOP
HELDAT POUNDMAKER
POUNDMAKER - We will have to
know what direction and what your
needs are before we can help you
set up a program," Lyn Finlayson of
National Health and Welfare said
during the Alcohol Workshop held in
late January in this Indian community.
Other workers
included
Paul
Poitras of the Health and Social Services Task Force in Regina and Lillian
Pooyak of Alcohol and Drug Prevention Program from North Battleford.
Finlayson told the many band
members attending the workshop
that measures already taken by the
band are commendable and to pursue a preventive program would require more hard work and cooperation.
In support Poitras outlined the funding process of prevention programs
CABINETCOURSE
FOR LITTLE
PINE,
POUNDMAKER
(POUNDMAKER) - An eight-week
cabinet making course is being offered to members of the Poundmaker and Little Pine Bands by the
Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College (SICC).
The course will be instructed by
Darryl Kaseko, a local journeyman
carpenter.
Enrolled in the short course are: Ed-
of the parental organization and of
Indian bands.
Outlining the Alcohol Drug Preventive Program (A.D.P.P.) Pooyak said
the program is geared to school aged
youngsters but on several occassions
has been called by various Indian
bands for input during
band
workshops.
Working
closely with school
guidance counsellors Pooyak has
met some success during her visits to
the various band schools in the
district.
Concluding the workshop Edwin
Tootoosis, praised the attending people from afar and to the various band
members knowing it is sometimes
very hard working alone.
Earlier, the gathering was treated to
a wonderful meal prepared by Irene
Tootoosis.
■
win Tootoosis, Patrick Tootoosis,
Lindsay Baptiste, Leslie Baptiste, Mervin Chickosis,
Emile lronchild,
Rodney Chickosis, Mark Kennedy,
Leonard Bear and Jerry Sapp.
Most of the finished products are
" ;:mg purchased by band members
while a circular coffee table will be
raffled off.
According to Eva Thomas, SICC
training co-ordinator, many requests
for training from bands are being
conducted on a district concept,
where Indian bands combine to
secure a training course.
■
PRINCEALBERTDISTRICT.•
NEW ARENAOPENS
AT PELICANNARROWS
The new sports complex
at
Pelican Narrows still needs a few
finishing touches but Joe Custer,
Chief of the Peter Ballantyne band
says local residents didn't wait for the
grand opening. Hundreds of people
crowd the rink to watch hockey
games that sometimes last until three
in the morning. This was going on a
couple of weeks before the official
opening February 5.
Grants from an array of federal and
mainly provincial sources and some
good old fashioned elbow grease
26 FEBRUARY-MARCH,1982
Outside view of Pelican Narrows Complex.
SIAPSPONSORSPASTURE
MANAGEMENT
COURSE
NORTH BATTLEFORD - Some top ·
horse riders are taking advantage of a
4-week Pasture Riding course sponsored by SIAP.
A total of 16 riders from various
reserves in the province have come
to the Sundance Stables, situated
about 10 kilometers west of the city,
to upgrade their horsemanship.
Instructors include Ray Harmel , a
Wascana Institute instructor and a
Maidstone farmer, and Dennis Hobman, co-owner of the training facility.
Both are professionals in their field.
Harmel instructs in horse care and
maintenance including hoof care,
trimming, feeding, grooming and
equipment care. Hobman will provide training in the practical skills
needed in pasture riding, roping,
training horses to handle cattle and
pasture maintenance.
■
.•. .: •.
·
�from local residents made construction of the new facility possible . Involvement of the local residents was
so impressive it earned the Saskatchewan community
achievement
award, organizers say. Both the nonstatus and the Treaty side of the com munity pulled together . The first
organizational meeting was held
back in February of 1980 and actual
construction began later that spring.
The complex boasts a large com mon area near a canteen counter ,
good sized dressing rooms , a regulation sized hockey rink with plastic
boards and a separate area with two
ice surfaces for curling. The complex
is built so artificial ice can be added
to both rinks later. Special equipment
includes a Zamboni ice scraper that
attaches to the back of a smal I tractor and an electronic time clockscoreboard. Funding for the new
complex, which has yet to be named ,
came from the following sources:
Department of Northern Saskatchewan (DNS): $337,000; Western
Northlands Agreement:$249 ,000 ;
Local Employment Assistance Program (LEAP): $250,000; Agricultural
Rural
Development
(ARDA):
$40,000; Local Advisory Council
(LAC): $70,000.
Members of the community raised
$50,000
on their
own
and
volunteered many hours of their
spare time. They deserve special
commendation. Organizers say the
total cost of the joint venture fell well
short of $1.3 million forcasted when
plannin~ first started.
ALCOHOLSERVICE
COUNSELLORS
KEPTBUSY
Marcel Gerard, John Kinch and Rita
Parenteau are the staff at the Native
Alcohol Services at 106 - 1322 Central Avenue in Prince Albert. The
center provides a follow-up program
for persons who have undergone
t reatmen t at detox centers and for
those who require on-going councilling. The staff will
approach
employers and landlords to help
bridge any misgivings they may have
when considering persons with drinking problems . Marcel
Gerard
estimates over 150 people drop into
the office during a typical month and
another 175 phone calls are handled.
Anyone with an alcohol problem can
use the service whether they be treaty, white or Metis . 30 percent of the
clients are treaty Indians, Gerard
says.
Gerard, who is co-ordinator of the
center, started counselling alcoholics
six years ago, laughs when going
over his qualifications but does take
his work seriously. He says he spent
27 years on the street roaming
various cities and never holding
down a job for very long. He says he
sees more drinkers today than when
he was in his heyday and they are
getting younger all the time. The
younger age of majority, unemployment, too much leisure time and
easy welfare are a major part of the
problem.
Gerard emphasized that this program is a follow-up
one and
counsellors are prepared to conduct
home visits and some marriage
counselling related to alcohol or
drug problems. They can also refer
clients to live-in detox centers such
as New Dawn, Calder, Lawson, and
other places for more intensive treatment. For more information call
922-7055 in Prince Albert.
■
WAHPETONDONATES
TO CONSTITUTION
FUND
Chief Leo Omani of the Wahpeton
band has presented a cheque for
$5,000 to the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians to help defray the
costs of waging constitutional war in
England and Ottawa . Sol Sanderson
accepted the cheque amid a round
of applause
from
executive
onlookers at a meeting held recently
in Prince Albert.
CUMBERLAND
HOUSE
BONSPIEL
The Harvey Young rink took the
grand agrigate defeating the "B" side
winners skipped by Kelvin McKay.
Winning rink members are Harvey
Young; Donald Fiddler, second;
Audrey Carriere, third; Aldon Kakum,
lead. Winners on the "B" side include
Kelvin McKay; George Greenleaf, second; Mary Louise McKenzie, third;
and Glen McKenzie, lead. 12 teams
took part in the three day event with
the winners of the "A" side taking on
the "B" side winners for the grand
agrigate.
m
WINNERSOF PA VOLLEYBALLTOURNEY- Front row I. tor.: Darcy Morin; Kevin Greyeyes; Spencer
Greyeyes. Middle: Lorna Arcand . Back row: Lawrence Greyeyes, George Lafond; Myles Arcand;
Eugene Arcand .
SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN 27
�THE SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN
COMMUNITY COLLEGE
in conjunction
1
{PHASE
I)
\ \
t
with
THE SASKATCHEWAN TECHNICAL
INSTITUTE
will be offering classes in the
ELECTRICAL
CONSTRUCTION
TRADE
at Meadow
Lake, Saskatchewan
DOYOU:
• want to be enrolled in a 4-year training program?
• want to become a Journeyman Electrician?
• want to earn top wages?
• want to work anywhere as a skilled tradesman in the electrical field?
• want to become self-sufficient in the future?
DOYOU
HAVE
THE
ENTRANCE
REQUIREMENTS:
•
•
•
•
Grade X with strength in Mathematics.
Excellent health.
Willing to travel and relocate when necessary.
Good, steady work habits.
• Willing to commit yourself to endure 4 years of training as as Electrical Apprentice.
• Responsibility for accumulating 4 years of trade experience on your own.
FOR
APPLICATION
ORFURTHER
INFORMATION,
CONTACT:
• Your Chief or Band Office
• O~borne Turner, Co-ordinator
• The Field Co-ordinator for your District.
• Box 3085 • Saskatchewan Indian Community College •
• Saskatoon, Saskatchewan • S7K 3S9 • Telephone: 244-4444 •
28 FEBRUARY-MARCH,
1982
�INDIAN4-H PROGRAM"NEWS"
WHITE BEAR
White Bear 4-H Club held their first
meeting of the new year on January
18th. There were ten members and
three leaders in attendance. Leaders
are: Marjorie Standing Ready for
cooking, Katherine Lonethunder for
sewing, Lloyd Atkinson for General
Leader and for Beef, and Alan Maxie
will be taking Light Horse classes.
Films were shown on 'Trail Ride' and
veterinarians. Our President and
Secretary will be elected at the next
meeting. Sixteen members are
registered at this time.
Lloyd Atkinson
PEEPEEKESIS
Projects
planned
for
the
Peepeekesis 4-H Club are rural safe-
ty, babysitting and knitting. Gardening is planned for the spring. A
meeting to register the 4-H members
took place February 10th in the band
hall. A yard beautification contest
may be a summer community service project.
SWEETGRASS
During their Friday evening
meetings the Sweetgrass 4-H Midget
club has leathercraft, beadwork and
macrame projects. The club is interested in getting some small
animals to learn how to take care of
them. The members take swimming lessons and play floor hockey.
Bake sales and raffles raise money for
the club activities. Plans for the spring are a cemetary clean-up and a
garbage pick-up.
PATUANAK
The Patuanak 4-H Club is reorganizing again this winter.
and leaders into project groups was
set for after school February 10th.
MONTREALLAKE
The Montreal Lake 4-H Club has
started basic cooking in October,
1981. Cooking classes were held
every Thursday, project meetings
every Tuesday. They have finished
cooking though in December did
some fund raising, and sold raffle
tickets. Beading started in January.
Dances and films are being held.
Ester Bird, 4-H Reporter
TIMBERBAY
Sandy Sider, 4-H Leader, told the
4-H Office of a recen"\:money raiser
that worked well for them. Here's
how it worked: A "Games Night'' was
held involving games of chance and
fun that people paid to try. Those
that won received 'token' money to
'buy' baked goods elsewhere in the
room. The result: $157.00 Good going folks.
WA TERHENLAKE ACHIEVEMENTDAY
DON NEILSONGARDEN CLUB
The garden club at the Prince
Albert Student Residence is gearing
up for spring. The members are looking at seed catalogues and planning
their gardens.
Noella McKay, 4-H Leader, Peepeekesis. Jan.
20th, 1982.
LOON LAKE
On February 8th interested people
from the reserve met to discuss forming a 4-H club. Project possibilities
are: beading, crafts, cooking and
sewing, firearm safety, trapping, camping and horse care. An organizational meeting to divide the members
Peepeekesis 4-H Leader Day - Jan. 20
(1-r):Lorraine McNab & Bill Bird, Cordons; Vern Worm & Rene Worm, Poorman, 4-H Workers; Vera
McNabb and Noella McKay, Peepeekesis. Front: Elaine Wolfe, Muskowekwan; Brenda Poitras,
Muscowpetung; Brenda Windigo, Muskowekwan; Karyn Morris, Cordons; Deb Hauer, Indian 4-H.
Waterhen 4-H Club Achievement Day - 4-H
Leader Victoria Lasas(right) and two of her 4-H
crocheting members.
.
The Waterhen Lake 4-H· club
Achievement Day was held January
28th in the school. Project work was
displayed. Each 4-H leader described
what the members in their project
group had done from September to
December. Certificates were given to
club members and leaders. The
evening ended with games and
lunch. 4-H projects and leaders were:
Cooking - Cecile Blackbird, Joan
Kehrig and Debbie Fofonoff
Embroidery - Dorothy Leonard
Traditional
Dancing - Marlene
Semaganis, Leona Fiddler and Carl
Lasas{Jr. Ldr.)
Sewing - Ada Gott
Typing - Betty Boulton, Gladys Martel
Crochet - Victoria Lasas, Joanne
Martel
General Leader - Gwen Favel
SASKATCHEWANINDIAN 29
�FILEHILLSWORKSHOP
January 20th, 4-H leaders in southeast Saskatchewan braved chilly
temperatures to attend a 4-H Leader
Day at Peepeekesis reserve, near
Balcarres. The leaders talked about
many topics: Achievement Days, running a meeting, ideas for club activities, 4-H camps, garden competition and youth exchanges.
Participants were: Vern and Rene
Worm, Noella McKay, Vera McNabb,
Bill Bird, Lorraine McNabb, Karyn
Morris, Elaine Wolfe, Karen Windigo,
Brenda Poitras, Deb Hauer and Les
Ferguson.
4-H Worker Rene Worm from Poorman's
shares a laugh with Elaine Wolfe , 4-H Leader,
Muskowekwan .
Brenda
Windigo , 4-H Leader
from
Muskowekwan and 4-H Worker Vernon
Worm share an activity at the recent Qu'Appelle District 4-H Leader's Day.
FILEHILLS4-H WORKERS
Rene Worm and Vernon Worm are
4-H Workers working out of the Treaty Indian Liaison Unit Office in
Wynyard. Please call Vern or Rene at
554-2593 with any 4-H questions that
you may have.
UP AND COMING
March 5th - 7th: Sask. 4-H Council
Annual Meeting, Rayner Centre
July 1st - 4th: 4-H Family Camp,
Rayner Centre
August 23rd - 28th: Indian 4-H Camp
FARMERS'DAY
Did you know that (a) an upset
mother cow, with calf, is capable of
butting, rolling and pushing an adult
across a corral? (b) wild oats can be
made into delicious cookies? (c)
those people attending the February
6th Farmers' Day had lots of food and
fun? Yes, yes, yes - to all questions.
The Saskatoon, Prince Albert and
Shellbrook S.I.A.P. staff and farmers
held a gala educational and social
event at the Spruce Home Arena.
Indian 4-H had a display there encouraging folks to become involved
in the 4-H Rural Safety Program.
NEWll 4-H PROJECTS:
(1) The 'Exploring 4-H Project' lets
young members or older young people new to 4-H get a sample of
several 4-H interest areas all in one
4-H season:
- animals
- woodwork
- cooking
- crafts
- sewing
- photography
- outdoors
- gardening
- speaking
(2) The 4-H Rural Safety Project is an
easy way to get 4-H started in your
community. Each member or team
asks a neighbor if they can check
their yard for possible safety hazards.
These are marked on a checklist and
are also 'marked' with a visible, bright
orange sticker (seen on the right.)
The 4-H member(s) allow 2-4 weeks
before they return to do a check to
see if the hazards have been fixed,
moved, cleaned up, marked, etc. The
neighbor receives a certificate for
taking part in the program. For more
information, call Les Ferguson at the
4-H Office.
THINK
SAFETY
•
Your Family
Needs You
30 FEBRUARY
-MARCH, 1982
NORTH BATTLEFORD 4-H LEADER
WORKSHOP
Although the day was c-o-I-d, people came through to attend the
Leader Day on January 28th.
Charlotte Benson, Red Pheasant, and
Violet Swindler and Jean Whitecalf
from Sweet Grass came to discuss
4-H issues and ideas. There may not
have been quantity, but there was
quality. Right people?!
LATE FLASHFROM THE SOUTH:
TRAVEL
Is your group interested in travelling but not too far? One reserve has
contacted the 4-H 6)ffice who would
like to visit another reserve for a day
or two, perhaps camp one night and
then return home. If your 4-H group
is interested in doing that on a
weekend or in the summer, please
contact the 4-H Office.
SPRING'SCOMING!!
Someone has seen at least one sign
of spring, right? Watch the April 4-H
News and Saskatchewan Indian for
more information on the 1982 4-H
Garden Competition.
4-H ACHIEVEMENTDAYS
Those 4-H clubs that are now in
progress may be more concerned at
just keeping their 4-H projects going
that finishing . However, it's good to
keep th,~ 'end' in mind. In 4-H, that's
the final Achievement Day. Leaders:
please plan to hold one to give the
club a chance to display their project
work before the community. It is also
an incentive or 'carrot' for the 4-H'er
to complete their project.
FUND RAISINGIDEA
Try an auction sale! Each 4-H
member and leader can collect new
and usd items in the community prior
to the event. Try arranging the time
of the sale to draw as many people
as possrble - perhaps the same time
as another big event, e.g. dance or
hockey tournament. In many cases,
auctioneers will volunteer their services for 4-H.
PRINCEALBERT
4-H LEADERDAY
This 4-H workshop was attended by
17 people from 7 reserves from
Saskatoon and Prince Albert Districts
on February 13. The four-hour event
was jam packed with 4-H items dealing with 4-H leaders and programs.
�TRAVEL
PROGRAMS
If any adult(s) or youth group would like more information on the Open House
Canada Exchange Travel Program, please complete and return the following
coupon by March 31st or as soon a~ possible.
The exchange provides
for a
minimum 5-day visit to another comunity that you can be twinned with.
That group , in turn , visits you. (In
1981, the Peepeekesis 4-H Club
visited and exchanged with the
Tobicque
Reserve
in
New
Brunswick.)
NAME:
ADDRESS:_______________
_
RESERVE:
Province(s) that you would like to exchange with:
1st choice: ___
_, 2nd choice: ___
_, 3rd choice: ___
_
Do you have a contact in these provinces?
YES ___
_, NO ___
_, WE NEEDHELP
LOOKINGFOR
SUMMEREMPLOYMENT
Open to bot h
men and w omen
The Saskatchewan Indian Community College is looking for summer staff to travel to
the Reserves in the summer months to
complete a student follow-up survey.
LA.BOUR CANAD A
REGINA, SAS KATCHEW AN
I
LABOUR AFFAIRS TRAINEE
Labour Can ada is prese ntl y rec r ui ting university graduates
for the posit io n of A dminist rati ve Traine e in Regina .
Appli ca nt s must have a good kno wl edg e of the English
langu age a nd be w1ll1ng to undergo six months of paid
trainin g 1n Winnipeg .
Duti es of t he pos111oninclude providing assistance and
guidan ce to bot h private enterprise a nd the Publ ic Servic e
in th e appl 1cat1on and adm1nistrat1on of segments of the
Canad a Labour Code , invest1gat1ons of complaint s and
assis ting 1n develop;,,,ent of programs to pr o mot e good
ind us tr ial relations in th e Region
Th is 1s an excellent opportu nity for a rece nt graduate who
1s loo king for n responsible pos1t1on w ith a futur e in
ind us t rial re lat1om , Training
ulary ranges fro m $12 ,230 to
REQUIREMENTS:
1. Must have valid driver's license and
ability to travel.
2. Vehicle a must.
3. Basic research skills and intE;rviewing
techniques an asset.
4. Must be reliable and able to work with
minimal supervision.
STARTING DATE:
Approximately
May 1, 1982
$22,000
Referenc e N o .: 8 1 - PSC 52 -C -0 419 - 1
A dd1t1onal information
addr ess be low
1s ctv.Jiluble by wr itin g to the
a
Tou te rense1gnement relat1f
ce concours es t d1spon1ble en
fr a n~a1s et peut etre ob renu en ecr1van t l'adr esse
a
SUIV a nt e ·
H OW TO APPLY :
Send your application and or resume to
PUBLIC S ERVICE COMMISSION
OF CANADA
1010 - 18'6 7 HAMIL TON STR EET
REGINA , SASKATCH EWAN
S4P 2C2
FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION
/
SENDAPPLICATION
TO:
Vern Bachiu
Saskatchewan Indian Community
College
Box 3085
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
57K 359
Phone: 244-4444, extension 28
SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN 31
�~ ~~' ,;:j j
·,~\~
/ '•~
~j!t ~
~- - ~~
VICE
PRESIDENT
NATIVE
PROGRAMMING
CANADIAN
SATELLITE
COMMUNICATIONS
INC.(CANCOM
)
Canadian Satellite Communications Inc. ( Cancom) has been licensed by the
CRTCto provide television and radio services by satellite to the remote and
underserved areas of Canada. Cancom is also responsible for facilitat ing the
development of northern and native-oriented broadcasting services, and is
therefore seeking a Vice President, Native Programming.
This individual will be responsible for the co-ordination and scheduling of
Cancom's native-produced radi9 and television programming, and for liaison
with native communications organizations across Canada. He/she will report
to the Board of Directors of Cancom, but will work in consultation w ith the
President.
Prospective candidates should have an extensive background in Canadian
native affairs, ideally but not necessarily in the field of electronic
communications. Outstanding interpersonal and communications skills and
the ability to deal effectively with government, industry, and native
organizations are essential qualifications . Extensive travel will be req uired in
the course of liaison with native organizations across the country.
The value of this individual's contribution to Cancom must be worth a salary
in excess of $40,000. The position will be located in Toronto.
Candidates interested in this challenging position should reply in co mplete
confidence, quoting File #4003, to Dr. Janet Wright, Woods Gordon ,
Management Consultants, P.O. Box 251, Toronto-Dominion Centre, Toronto,
Ontario MSK 1J7.
Woods
Gordon
A Member of Arthur Young International
32 FEBRUARY-MARCH
, 1982
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�ONTARIO
ONTARIO INDIAN is the magazine of Canada's first people. In it you
will discover our art, both ancient and contemporary; you will read of
our history, as it happened and as it is being made; you will meet our
heroes, both past and present and you will be informed of the issues
and events which affect our people today. ONTARIO INDIAN is a
tremendous value at just $15.00 for 1 year (12 issues), $25.00 for 2 years
and $35.00 for 3 years. Subscribe now-discover our cultural heritage
and share our pride!
--- --- --- --------------
I
Name
Address _____________________
I
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SUBSCRIPTIONORDER FORM
D 1 yr. ($15.00) D 2 yrs. ($25.00) □ 3 yrs. ($35.00)
Add $2.00 for each non-Canadian order
□ new subscription □ renewal
I enclose$ ___
for ___
subscription(s)
to ONTARIO INDIAN magazine.
Prov./State ______
Postal/Zip
I
_
City
Code ______
_
Send to: ONTARIO INDIAN, c/o Union of Ontario Indians, 27 Queen
St. East, 2nd Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5C 1R5.
(remittance must accompany order)
-------------- - --
I
I
SUBSCRIBEAND WIN!
All new, fully paid subscribers to
ONTARIO INDIAN between now
and June 1st, 1982, will have an
opportunity to win a beautifully
crafted piece of silver jewellery
by noted Iroquois artist Stephen
. Longboat. A year of ONTARIO
INDIAN and a chance to winSUBSCRIBETODAY!
SASKATCHEWANINDIAN 33
�SUMMERSTUDENT
EMPLOYMENT
PROGRAM
Employment
and Immigration
Minister Lloyd Axworthy announced
in Winnipeg December 11, 1981 that
the federal government has earmarked $100 million to find or create
summer jobs for students in 1982.
"Young people often experience
difficulty
obtaining
permanent
employment because they lack
marketable skills," the Minister said.
"By providing summer employment
in fields related to their studies and
career aspirations, we will help
students obtain the experience they
need to ease their integration into
the work force. This year we are shifting the program's emphasis toward
qualitative job experience."
The program dates regarding Summer Canada 1982 are as follows:
Deadline Dates:
Public Service Employment
Component
January 20, 1982
Federal Projects Stream
January 29, 1982
Community Projects Stream
February 26, 1982
Operation Dates:
Start date of projects May 3, 1982
Final date of projects September 10, 1982
The background information in
regards to the 1982 Federal Summer
Employment Initiatives for Student
are as follows in point form:
Purpose:
- to create and find summer jobs for
students.
- to fund the following special
categories:
# Summer Canada (including new
special initiatives designed to provide students with on-going job training and development in work situations).
# Department of National Defence
Cadet and Reserve Training Programs.
# R.C.M.P. Special Supernumerary
Constables Program.
# Canada Employment Centres for
Students (including a Native Jnternship Component).
I. Summer Canda
- is designed to create worthwhile
summer jars for students who intend
to return to school in the fall.
34 FEBRUARY-MARCH,
1982
- is comprised of three components.
- is budgeted for $75.6 million.
A. Component: Public Service
Employment
- will create approximately 3,100
summer internships in federal departments and agencies.
- jobs will be of a technical or
specialist nature relating to the student's studies.
- emphasis will be on developmental
internships of up to three summers'
duration.
- provision for a variety of progressively more challenging work
assignments.
- is budgeted for $2 million in regards
to new special initiatives.
- summer internships will be
established, on an experimental
basis,within non-profit organizations,
in the private sector.
B. Component: Community Projects Stream
- will create approximately 21,100
jobs in community-approved projects generated by established
organizations throughout the country.
- the program pays a contribution
towards the following items:
# wages: equal to the provincial
wage.
# other costs: $35.00 per student per
work week.
- maximum federal support for any
project is $50,000.00.
- proposals developed for projects
must include at least a request for
the following details in regards to
criteria.
# employment for 3 local students.
# employment for 6-18 weeks.
# employment for useful and productive work of benefit to the student
and community.
- funds are distributed to federal consti tu enc i es based on student
unemployment data.
- approval of projects are based on
the three following formulas:
# consultation at the community
level.
# consultation with the Member of
Parliament.
# consultation with a Local Advisory
Board.
C. Component: Federal Projects
Stream
- will support student job creation
projects sponsored through federal
departments and agencies.
- funds are allocated on a provincial/territorial basis according to student unemployment data.
- will create 5,600 jobs through this
stream. Community Projects Stream
and the Federal Projects Stream will
approve funding to projects on a
priority basis in the following areas:
parks, recreation, day camp services,
health, social services, energy conservation, renewable resources and
environment, tourism, artistic and
cultural development, improving services to the disabled, promoting the
hiring of women, Natives and the
physically disabled.
Students will be hired for jobs in
the Community Projects Stream and
the Federal Projects Stream through
the Canada Employment Centres and
the Canada Employ,ment Centres for
Students.
Students will be recruited through
the Career-Oriented
Summer
Employment Program of the Public
Service Commission for the Public
Service Employment Component.
Department of National Defence
Programs
Department of National Defence
Cadet Program.
Department of National Reserve
Training Program.
- provides a unique military experience for students.
- is budgeted for $10 million.
-will create 12,750 positions for summer student participants.
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
Program
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
Supernumerary Constables Program:
- is designed to enhance the
understanding of the Royal Canadian
Mounted Police.
- to enhance a career in law or law
enforcement.
- is budgeted for $600,000.
- will create 175 positions for summer student participants.
Canada Employment Centres For
Students
Hire-A-Student Offices
- key role is to place students into
private sector jobs.
- includes a Native Internship Component.
- is .budgeted for $13.8 million.
- will operate during the spring and
summer months.
- will be staffed by post-secondary
undergraduates and recent postsecondary graduates.
- centres will respond to the needs of
private sector employers.
- 296,000 summer students will be
placed in both private and public sec-
�tor jobs.
- the Native Internship Component
will employ 300 Native students who
will be hired to work across the
country in the following offices.
# Canada Employment Centres.
# Canada Employment Centres for
Students.
# Canada Employment and Immigration Commission's National Headquarters.
For more information please contact your nearest Canada Employment Office or Lorna Standingready
at the following address:
Ms. Lorna Standingready
Youth Employment Co-ordinator
Indian Governments
of Saskatchewan
Federation of Saskatchewan Indians
310-20th Street East
4th Floor
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
S7K 0A7
Phone: (306) 652-9150
ext. 13
Earning a University degree is no easy endeavour. The
Saskatchewan Indian Federated College help students
every step of the way by offering classes on the reserve in
your own community.
Deadline for class results are:
March 30 for 1982
Spring - Summer session classes
June 15 for 1982
Fall semester classes
z
<
25
~
z
<
~
......
::c:
u
t-
~
c,,
<
c,,
The Saskatchewan Indian Federated College is federated
with the University of Regina therefore our students are
also University of Regina students and may therefore take
university classes - use University facilities and participate
in special University Programmes.
Class requests should be sent to ...
Extension Department
Saskatchewan Indian Federated College
Classroom Building, C-4
University of Regina
Regina, Saskatchewan
545 0A2
Phone Number:
584-8333
DIRECTOR AND STAFF
FOR NEW
NATIVE STUDIES PROGRAM
HOBBEMAHAWKS
JUNIOR "A" HOCKEY CLUB
SUMMERHOCKEYSCHOOL
The University of Saskatchewan is seeking a Director and
two full-time Assistant Professors for a new Native Studies
Program in the College of Arts and Science. The Director,
to be appointed at the Associate Professor or Professor
level depending upon experience and qualifications, will
be responsible for the development of the program and
its curriculum and for recruiting additional faculty. All
positions are tenure-track and will begin July 1, 1982, subject to budgetary approval (1981/82 floors for Professor,
Associate and Assistant are $40,409, $31,326 and $24,078
respectively; under review for 1982/83).
Candidates should be either (a) senior scholars in a relevant discipline, e.g., Anthropology, Archaeology, Indian
or Native Studies, History, Linguistics, Sociology; or (b) nationally recognized for particular literary, scholarly, scientific or artistic achievement; or (c) widely known and
respected as leaders of the native community, and have
taught with distinction in a Native Studies Program.
Please forward
reference to:
curriculum
(LIMITEDENROLLMENT!)
SESSION1: August 15 - 21/82
Registration - Sunday, August 15, 12-6 p.m.
SESSION2: August 22 - 28/82
Registration - Sunday, August 22, 12-6 p.m.
* TOP PROFESSIONALINSTRUCTION
*ULTRA-MODERN PHYS. ED. & GYMNASIUM
FACILITIES
* COMPLETE GOAL TENDING INSTRUCTION
Phone (403) 585-3771
or
(403) 783-5004
vitae and three letters of
Professor M. Brown
Associate Dean, Social Sciences
College of Arts and Science
University of Saskatchewan
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
S7N 0W0
FOR MORE INFORMATION
CALL
HAWKS HOCKEY SCHOOL
BOX 68
HOBBEMA, ALBERTA
SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN 35
�esponsiblefor a
azardousSpill?
Accidents happen. But some of these accidents
result in dangerous chem icals and other materials
being released into our environment.
pollutant's owner or the person responsible for the
spill of a pollutant to take the following steps:
•
That's why Saskatch ewan law now says that
anyone r'asponsible fo r such a spi II must report and
clean up the spilled sub stance .
•
Regulations made under recent amendments to the •
Department of the Enviro nment Act require a
•
report the spill immediately to Saskatchewan
Environment - whether it occurs on industrial
land or private property.
prevent further discharge of the pollutant.
contain the pollutant.
minimize the effects the pollutant may have on
the environment.
• restore the spill site to a condition as near as
possible to its original state .
Saskatchewan Environment will provide instruction
and technical advice and, if necessary , seek out
further expert opinion to aid in cleaning up the
spill.
Failure to report or clean up the spill can result in
fines for a corporation of $5,000 and $500 per day
of the offence. The maximum fine for individuals is
$500 plus $50 per day. As well, the Minister of the
Environment can issue an order that sets the
requirements and deadline for the clean up. If the
order is not carried out the department may initiate
the clean up operation and bill the person or owner
responsible later for the costs.
Remember - if you spill a hazardous substance, it
is your responsibility to report and clean up.
To report a spill call 1 or 112-800-667-3503,a 24
hour toll-free line within Saskatchewan.
For a list of pollutants which if spilled must be
reported, or for more information on the Spill
Control Regulations contact:
Saskatchewan Environment
5th Floor
1855 Victoria Avenue
Regina, Saskatchewan
S4P 3V5
Saskatchewan
Environment
36 FEBRUARY-MARCH,1982
�SASKATCHEWAN
HANDCRAFT
FESTIVAL
The 9th Annual Saskatchewan Handcraft Festival, sponsored by the Saskatchewan Craft Council will be held July
16, 17, & 18, in the Arena and Auditorium, Town of Battleford.
RAINBOW RYDER
- Now available for bookings.
The CRAFT MARKET and the JURIED EXHIBITare open to
any permanent resident of Saskatchewan.
- The best in Top 40 Rock & Roll & Country Rock.
Deadlines:
-Craft Market postmarked March 25th
-Juried Exhibit postmarked May 1st.
- Available for all occasions - concerts, weddings, dances, etc.
Contact:
For more information and applications contact:
Mary Anne Baxter
Co-ordinator
Box 34
Ruddell, Sask.
SOM 2S0
Phone 389-4733
or
S.C.C. Office
Box 7408
Saskatoon, Sask.
S7K 4J3
Alvin Musqua: (306) 934-3167
Guy Severight: (306) 665-2825
Saskatchewan's Heritage Fund
Saskatchewan 's Heritage Fund. Helping create
benefits today and opportunities for tomorrow.
Our Heritage Fund collects all non-renewable
resource revenue and puts it to use building
hospitals , helping expand resource industries
and financing facilities in your community.
Lower taxes , free dental care for school age
children, property tax and renters' rebates are
also made possible by using Heritage Fund
revenue to meet the needs of Saskatchewan
people today. If you would like to find out more
about how our resource revenue is being used,
fill in the coupon and I will send you a copy of
the 1980-81 Heritage Fund Annual Report.
Ed Tchorzewski
~.J
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Yes, I would like ___
copy(ies) of the 1980-81
Heritage Fund Annual
Report.
I
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Name ______
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Address _____
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Mail to :
·1 Ed Tchorzewski ,
I Minister of Finance ,
I Room 312,
Legislative Building,
I Regina , Saskatchewan
I S4S 0B3
L ________
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SASKATCHEWANINDIAN 37
�LETTERS
THE LAST WORD
February 26, 1982
Dear Sirs:
After reading Mr. Rene Levesque's
response to Rodney Delorme, I am
happy to hear that Quebec supports
Indian Rights. Quebec has never participated in the e).(
_clusion of the rights
of Indian people. I disagree.
"Courage, hard work, and good
faith will eventually enable us to
preserve our identity ...". These are
fine concepts, but what has Quebec
really done for its Indian Nations?
The Restigouche salmon raids, the
proposed construction of a dam that
will affect the Kahnawake territory,
the hunting restrictions imposed on
the Algonquin people, the follow-up
to the 1975 James Bay 'Treaty', and
the formulation of the 1978 New
Quebec
agreement
with
the
Naskapis reveal the political selfinterest of a provincial government
committed to independence.
During last years salmon affair, Mr.
Lucien Levard, the provincial fisheries
Minister, was questioned on the concept of Indian self-determination. His
response was ..."ln order to be
sovereign, you have to have your
own language, your own culture, and
your own territory." I find it disappointing to believe the Quebec
government assumes it possesses
certain qualities, yet denies the same
to Indian people located in Quebec.
As Indian people,
we must
remember that with the Constitution
the province of Quebec is our ally,
opposed to the Federal government
plans. With
self-determination,
Quebec is our enemy.
In Peace and Friendship,
Keith Leclaire
P.O. Box 209
Kahnawake, Quebec
J0L 1BO
38 FEBRUARY-MARCH, 1982
OPINION: HUNTING RIGHTS OR RACISM
There is a lot of press coverage recently concerning the right to hunt by
Native peoples. In fact, the Saskatchewan Wildlife Federation (SWF) has gone
so far as to state they have the support of 221 communities in Saskatchewan, in
their bid to have al_l hunting rights stripped from Native peoples.
Did the SWF release the names of the communities that were involved in
the surveys, so native groups could conduct their own surveys, to determine if
it was a small segment of the population of the afore-mentioned communities
which took upon themselves the role of spokesman for said communities?
Did the concerns of a few "taxpayers" supercede the rights of a people who
have been stripped of their land after being coerced into signing a piece of
paper which gave them the right to hunt and fish for food and clothing as long
as the sun shone, the rivers flowed, and the grass grew.
Now we can't eat the fish from a lot of our rivers, the result of probable
pollution from the 221 communities who support the idealistic views of the
Saskatchewan Wildlife Federation.
I doubt very much if you will find any aboriginal com unity anywhere in
the world, with the exception of the Caucasian.ethnic groups, that knowingly
pollute it's own environment, then moves into another land, commits
genocide on its aboriginal population, then takes over with no apparent feelings of guilt.
Because of the utilitarianism (the theory that the greatest human happiness
determines the greatest moral good) of a certain group of people the rights of
another group of people are going to be thrown down the tubes?
Why haven't the SWF condemned the actions of farmers and ranchers who
have slaughtered deer and antelope by the hundreds to protect their livestock
feed. Are the carcasses of the slaughtered animals used to feed people in
hospitals or senior citizens centres or are they just being bulldozed under like a
lot of the mistakes that have been made over the years.
When I was working in south-western Saskatchewan last summer, I saw one
antelope and two deer in six weeks. I drove through the same area about ten
years ago, at least half a dozen times. There were deer and antelope crossing
signs at nearly every set of hills you came to. I remember seeing antelope and
deer every trip. The only animal crossing signs you see today in that area are
cattle crossing signs. Is this progress, a sign of the times, or a foreboding harbinger of things to come.
We might as well regress a little bit and ask what happened to the wild
game of southern Saskatchewan? I'm sure it didn't develop the ability of the
chameleon, and it's "hiding in them thar hills". It's dead, it's gone, and you can't
blame that on the Indian people.
When you hunt big game on the open plains you have to use a rifle that is
capable of hitting and killing at a range of 300 to 500 or more yards. A rifle of
this type is designated an open plains rifle. It has a very high velocity (at 500
yards the bullet is still travelling in the neighbourhood of 2,000 feet per second) and good killing power; at least 500 foot pounds of energy at 500 yards
and a very flat trajectory which means it drops about 24" to 36" in 500 yards.
To hit anything as small as a deer or antelope at these long ranges you have
to buy a telescopic sight for the rifle. You buy a 4 to 12 power scope that has
an automatic bullet drop compensator, which means, the telescopic sight has a
built in device which automatically centres the cross-hairs of the scope on the
bullet's point of impact, as you adjust the range of the scope in increments of
100 yards. You can also set these scopes for windage. Put simply, the distance
the bullet is pushed sideways by the wind. Not very many of us native people
have either the money to afford this type of firearms (at least $750.00) or the
technical knowledge of ballistics to set the automatic bullet drop compensator
on the scope.
The Saskatchewan Wildlife Federation probably means well, but you don't
take away the rights of an entire group of people because of the mistakes of a
few.
To condemn an entire group of people for the mistake of a few is about as
smart as stripping everyone of the right to drive a motor vehicle because a few
people are convicted of drunken driving.
Mighty Feather
�Do you hear what I hear?
If you suspect that a member
of your family, or someone
you know , has a hearing
problem , the Saskatchewan
Hearing Aid Plan may be able
to help.
Hearing Aid Clinics are
located throughout the
province and are served by
qualified audiologists experts in hearing testing and
rehabilitation.
The Saskatchewan Hearing
Aid Plan provides hearing
assessment , evaluation,
counselling, hearing aid fitting
and follow-up to people of
a// ages.
Our teams of technicians
work closely with audiologists
and are trained to handle
fittings and evaluations they make sure that your
hearing aid best suits your
individual needs.
Hearing aids , batteries and
accessories are avai Iable
through the Hearing Aid Plan
at greatly reduced prices.
The Hearing Aid Plan has a
large selection of quality
hearing aid models. Minor
servicing and repairs will be
made to your hearing aid,
whether you purchased it
through the Plan or not.
And, while your aid is being
repaired, a suitable hearing
aid will be loaned to you free
of charge.
This Program is just one of the benefits of
your Health Services Card.
For more information, contact us at:
Saskatchewan Health Hearing Aid Plan
T. C. Douglas Building
Regina S4S 6X6
Saskatchewan Health - Celebrating 20 years of
Medicare and 35 years of insured Hospital services.
~
Good Health.
It's for everyone.
Saskatchewan
~1/TfFHealth
1111\\
SASKATCHEWANINDIAN 39
�1>1:1,
◄~+~
r.,,
NATIVE
ALL
HOCKEY
TOURNAMEN
ON
-1982
MARCH 19-20-21
AT
North Battleford Civic Centre
flsa,00-00
l
IN PRIZEMONEY ~~dd.:::::::::::::::
~1~gg
~~1.::::::::::::::::
:~gg
j
1st .... •2~~~~usjackets
4th .................
1st ..... ~-~~~~-----:1000
$900 4th .................
'500 _
DEADLINE
FORENTRIES
- FEBRUARY
19, 1982- 5:00P.M.
ENTRY
FEE:$400.00 (CERTIAED
CHEQUE
ORMONEY
ORDER) (PLAYER
PASSES
PROVIDED)
·•········· .................................................................................................................
FRIDAY &SATURDAY-DANCES
......
&BINGO
UPPER AUDITORIUM- CIVIC CENTRE
.........................................
Sendentriesto:
North Battleford Friendship Centre
Hockey CommlttN
r···················· .. ··················· ..
I ~ AWARDS
ii
~
(All StarTrophiesPlusJackets)
Box 667
North Battl3ford,Sask.
Canada
----••••···•-••••••·••·•••••·••••••
For more information contact:
•
M.V.P. - plus jacket
Most Points - plus jacket
BHII Queweunc:e(308) 445-8211
Vince Ballendlne(308) 445-6958
Most Gentlemanly Player . plus jacket
WayneKennedy(308) 445-5832
...... .. ...................................
Best Defenceman - plus jacket
MUST BE AFFILIATED WITH YOUR
ASSOCIATION
Best Goaltender - plus jacket
SASKATCHEWAN
INDIAN«>
�NATIVE COURTWORKER SERVICES
OF SASKATCHEWAN
Native People in Conflict with the Law
Native Courtworker Services is a justice program that is available to Native people who come in conflict
with the law. It is the overall objective of Native Courtworker Services to ensure that the person in conflict with the legal justice system receives fair and just treatment before the law.
Are you in trouble with the law and need help?
Native Courtworkers are available to assist Native people in trouble with the law prior to, during, and
following the appearance in Court. Native Courtworkers speak for Native people, express their needs
and mediate on their behalf.
There is no charge for Native Courtworker Services or Assistance.
How can a Native Courtworker assist you?
Through Court Assistance:
Explaining court procedures; speak for Native persons; provide background information to the court;
help obtain a lawyer.
With Legal Information:
Complete legal aid applications and other forms; interpret legal terms and procedures; explain charges
and legal documents; obtain information about the law.
Referrals to Other Agencies:
Contact other agencies to assist Native persons and many other services to aid Native people in their
dealings with the law.
How can you Contact a Native Courtworker?
If courtworker services or assistance are required, please contact a Native Courtworker in your area, or
the nearest Friendship Centre, at least twenty-four (24) hours prior to court appearance OR after having
been taken into custody, ask about contacting a Native Courtworker.
Battleford Friendship Centre
Uranium City Friendship Centre
Moose Mountain Friendship Centre
Box 667
North Battleford, Saskatchewan
S9A 2Y9
445-8216
Donna Paskemin
Wilfred Tootoosis
Richard Charette
Phone: 445-5832
448-8216
445-6958
Box 396
Uranium City , Saskatchewan
S0J 2Wo
Sarah Skwarchuk
Phone: 498-3282
Box 207
Carlyle, Saskatchewan
SOC ORO
453-2425
Carol Stc1
.ndingready
Phone: 1~53-2425
Broadview
North West Friendship Centre
Box 8
Broadview, Saskatchewan
S0G 0K0
Brad Delorme
Phone: 696-3223
Box 1780
Meadow Lake, Saskatchewan
SOM 1VO
236-4414
Elizabeth Durocher
Maria Durocher
Richard Opikokew
Phone: 236-5842
236-5300
Regina Friendship Centre
1689 Toronto Street
Regina, Saskatchewan
S4P 1M3
Ken Yeo
Henry Champagne
Vacant
Phone: 525-5459
lndlan Metls Friendship Centre
Box 2197
Prince Albert, Saskatchewan
S6V 282
Iris Bear
Cathy Basaraba
Marie Daigneault
Lucille Vermette
Phone: 764-5269
764-5260
Yorkton Friendship Centre
108 Myrtle Avenue
Yorkton, Saskatchewan
S3N 1P7
Mary Pelletier
Georgina Pelletier
Phone: 782-2822
Punnlchy
Box 190
Punnichy , Saskatchewan
Ed Desjarlais
Phone: 835-2225
Buffalo Narrows
Box 302
Buffalo Narrows, Saskatchewan
Kim Hansen
Phone: 235-4347
Native Courtworker Services
of Saskatchewan
Provincial Office
1950 Broad Street
Regina, Saskatchewan
S4P 1X9
Phone: 527-3569
Regional Co-ordinators
Don Pelletier
South Region
Wes Fineday
Northeast
Region
Rhoda Tailfeathers
Northwest Region
Indian Metls Friendship Centre
168 Wall Street
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
S7K 0E6
244-0174
Vance Winegarden
Dorothy Lavigne
Frank Chartrand
Ernest Cameron
Phone: ?44-0174
Neglnuk Friendship Centre
Box 254
La Range, Saskatchewan
S0J 1LO
425-2061
Hope MacDonald
Phone: 425-3484
Fort Qu' Appelle
Friendship Centre
Box 1308
Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan
S0G 1S0
Moose Jaw Friendship Centre
112 River Street West
Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan
S6H 1R5
693-6966
D. Blondeau
Phone: 6936966
For further information contact:
1950 BROAD STREET,
REGINA, SASK.S4P 1X9
TELEPHONE(306) 527-3569
��
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Saskatchewan Indian Magazine
Subject
The topic of the resource
First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Federation of Sovereign Indigenous Nations
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1970/2011
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In Copyright
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
PDF
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Saskatchewan
1970/2011
Description
An account of the resource
The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a>
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Federation of Sovereign Indigenous Nations
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Magazine
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Saskatchewan Indian, vol. 12, no. 2 (February/March 1982)
Subject
The topic of the resource
First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals
Description
An account of the resource
Contents:
Indian Nations Prepare Ottawa Offensive: British Lobby Continues
By: Saskatchewan Indian
Canada Bill Goes To Final Reading
By: Saskatchewan Indian
Canada Bill Debate
The major portion of debate around the Canada Bill in the British House of Commons focused on issues raised by Indians through MPs from all sides of the house. Canada's Indian policies were repeatedly assaulted by Conservatives and Laborites alike during first and second reading debates putting non Indian Canadians in the "gallery of strangers" on the defensive.
By: Saskatchewan Indian
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1982-02/1982-03
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
In Copyright
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Saskatchewan
1982-02/1982-03