1 50 11 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25945/archive/files/34376b8fe470fbfa146abdda34b97db3.pdf?Expires=1779926400&Signature=h9Z6ZoHmo9bkZ9ewtuaNp6Lokp0%7EZO%7EKpcA7BlFaQAkZ-jWkVoRLJHhtgiQKZ3gFRAFFe0MiCAkDn29uzDpVhQ289Fca-HkyHUTey%7Eb13zuIrZMMMsceNeksZ-XpUKsMm4UGBGkzSyl-z8eCkHGlj1%7E-u2WkOW7bXTKTODs79-CMqM3tVUEcj7-bZ1n1eL2Y2olKM8trGF5jhi9H85Xe1tpr2WlZRCf7D4YO3USDBgMZYGg-kykpQwiWisbqfHpGo%7Ek%7EP40yFKR90QbxabW8NlgVd3WvcQVSU7NmUw2dUZyb7ZiUlUiSWjoij0a4FktNcbu6DZ6ZQC6JNRG07BnYNw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 737b313d2e622d8e8110ad265dbbfd6f PDF Text Text ' HUUMG �MAKING VISUAL COMMUNICATION SIMPLE Since 1986, Dark Horse Studio has pushed the boundaries of traditional communications. We offer an integrated approach that includes strategic planning, advertising & graphic arts, photography, media placement, multimedia & web design, pre-press & colour management and consumer & market research. It's all here, in-house . Because the whole point of a full service communications firm is to provide full, seamless service. That's how you save clients time and money ... without sacrificing quality. To build your business, market your services, heighten your profile - talk to us. We'll make the most of your communications COMM U N I CAT I ONS Ph: 1-306-652-5086• Fax: 1-306-652-7666 112-112 ResearchDrive • Saskatoon,SK• Canada• S7N3R3 www.dhscommunications.com dollars. �FAIi2002 Volume32 #3 2 IndianOutlook Saskatchewan's First Nations Calendar of Events .. , Saskatchewan Indian is the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and is intended to serve as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan. The tradition of the Saskatchewan Indian magazine is to provide coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nations communities. In order to keep with the tradition of the magazine we invite submissions. There is such an overwhelming number of First Nations community events and happenings that we are unable to cover them all. Therefore, we invite stories, photographs, artwork and letters from our readers. Saskatchewan Indian provides an opportunity for advertisers to reach the First Nation consumer. The magazine is distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions. For more information contact: Saskatchewan Indian Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Suite #200 - 103A Packham Ave Saskatoon, SK S7N 4K4 Telephone: (306) 665-1215 Fax: (306) 665-0115 The views and opinions expressed by contributors to Saskatchewan Indian are their own and do not necessary reflect the opinions of Saskatchewan Indian or the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations. 3 Letterfromthe Editor 5 15thannualTreaty4 FourGathering Getting bigger and better every year. 6 RayMcCallum painter, dancer, songwriter 11 SavingMistaseni Remembering a Cree sacred site. 14 Livingthe Music Saskatchewan recording companies make their mark. 2002 Saskatchewan FirstNations • Cultural Celebration andPowwow Program 17 JournalismTraining The INCA Summer Institute 2002 19 Dreamsof Gold A scholarship begins a new journey for Shaylynn Pewapisconias. Saskatchewan Indian is published by the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations. Darcy McKenzie, Editor, FSIN (306) 956-6922 JocelyneWasacase, Managing Editor , FSIN (306) 956-1012, email: wasaj @fsin.com For advertising information: Jocelyne Wasacase (306) 956-1012 or OHS Publishing (306) 652-5086 Layout and Design : Pamela Whitecalf Contributors: Jocelyne Wasacase, Bev Fast, Keith Davidson, Christina Weese, Kerry Benjoe Printed in Saskatchewan by Four Directions Printing Inc. (306) 721-1874 Produce by OHS Publishing Inc. (306) 652-5086 Copyright 2002. All rights reserved. ISSN 0048-9204. �Oct. 16 & 17, 2002 FSIN Fall Legislative Assembly Nov. 6-8, 2002 Aboriginal Law & Taxation 2002 Saskatoon, SK Crown Plaza Hotel Georg ia Joanne Cardinal (306) 956-6947 Vancouver, BC Native Investment & Trade Associatio n (NITA) flQtlflfll ---- _. -. Oct. 18- 20 2002 2002 Saskatchewan First Nations Cultural Celebration and Powwow -- "\, Saskatchewan Place Saskatoon, SK ■ ■ ■ Saskatchewan:S First Nations Calendar of Events FSIN (306) 665-1215 (604) 275 - 6670 toll free l -800-337-7 7 43 Nov. 6 - 9, 2002 Aborigina l Financial Officers Association Canada 3rd Annual Conference Saskatoon Inn Oct. 19 & 20, 2002 Open Recreation Hockey Tournament Beardy's & Okemasis Arena Saskatoon , SK Donna Morin dmorin@pbcfs.sk .ca or Marilyn O secap (306) 665 -1215 Beardy 's First Nation, SK Derek Cameron (306) 467-2007 Dale Mike (306) 467 -5423 Oct. 21-24, 2002 Native Wellness Institute Spirituality and Self-Care Conference Nov. 14-17, 2002 ,, Indigenous Healing Traditions of the Americas Hyatt Regency Capitol Hill Washington, DC, U.S.A. www .procultura.org or mail@procultura .org Tucson, Arizona Jillene Joseph, NHI Directo r (503) 666 -7669 Oct. 25, 2002 SaskTel Aboriginal Youth Awards of Excellence Dec. 2-6, 2002 Native Wellness Institute Native Youth Paths Conference San Diego, California , USA Jillene Joseph, NHI Director (503) 666 -7669 Saskatoon Centennial Auditor ium Saskatoon, SK (Deadline for nominations - September 20) Joan Beatty, Chair (306) 931 -6285 or l-800-873 -75 73 Dec. 3-5, 2002 Resource Expo 2002 - Aboriginal Energy & Resource Development Telus Convention Centre Melody Bitternose (306) 931-6289 or l-888-830 -2803 Calgary, AB Na tive Investment & Trade Assoc iation (NITA) Shawn Albert (604) 275 - 6670 or toll free l-800-337 -77 43 (306) 931-6286 or l-866-931 -6286 Oct. 25, 2002 Building of Foundation of Wellness Big River Band Hall Big River First Nation SK Dec. 7, 2002 Beardy~ Midget "AAA" Blackhawk Cattle Raffle Beardy 's Arena Lorette Dreaver (306) 724-4 700 Beardy 's First Nation , SK Mel (306) 961-4360 or (306) 467 -4844 Lorraine Thomas (306) 883-3880 Pam (306) 46 7 - 4523 James Isbister (306) 724-4664 Oct. 26 & 27, 2002 Thunderchild First Nation 1stAnnual Mens & Womens Volleyball Tournament Feb. 19-22, 2003 "Dreamcatching 2003" Professional Development Math & Science Workshops for Teachersof Aboriginal Students Thunderch ild First Nation, SK Montreal , QC Ken Okanee Jr. (306) 845-4328 Native Access to Engineering Programme (514) 848-7842 or www.nativeaccess .com Nov. 5-7, 2002 Awareness 2002 - A Conference About Problem Gambling PA Inn Banquet & Convention Centre Prince Albert , SK Ally Marchand (306) 765 -5305 2 Fall2002 I == = = �Letter from the Editor For more than three decades, Saskatchewan Indian has been a voice for First Nations across the province. We have shared individual stories of courage and inspiration, celebrated events large and small, talked one-on-one with actors, artists, athletes, business people, dancers, young people, elders, political leaders and more. Now, to enhance our image, better meet the needs of our advertisers and reflect the growing demographics of Saskatchewan First Nations, we have redesigned our magazine. The premier edition of Saskatchewan Indian will feature the 2002 Saskatchewan First Nation Cultural Celebration and Powwow program. It is an exceptional event that promotes Saskatchewan's Fi'rst Nations in a positive manner that encourages non-First Nation people to come out and explore First Nation culture and history. The celebration itself is a showcase of unity and pride. To produce an event of this magnitude requires the involvement of many organizations, groups, sponsors and individuals that have committed to the event in one form or another. The belief of sharing and promoting First Nation culture is strong. The celebration brings together people from across this continent. The Federation views the Saskatchewan Indian as a bridge and is proud to play a part in promoting awareness and harmony throughout all of society. As the official publication of the FSIN, we will continue to be a forum for education, promotion and the sharing of information. The magazine is an important alternative media source. It is unique in that it tells stories for and about Aboriginal people, stories often not covered in other media. It is our goal to eventually put Saskatchewan Indian into every home in the province. With our newly redesigned format, we will continue to provide leading edge coverage of people, places, events and issues facing our Aboriginal people. By bringing Saskatchewan Indian into a new age, we will share our successes, spark new interests and inspire hope for a better future. Editor Darcy McKenzie Saskatchewan Indian 3 �SIITCareer Opportunities SIIT offers training and education programs in the following areas: Management Studies & Information Technology ■ ■ ■ Management Studies (Saskatoon, Prince Albert, Fort Qu' Appelle, N orthlands College, Yorkton) Accountanc y (Prince Albert) Information Technology (Saskatoon, La Ronge, Regina, Onion Lake) Trades & Technologies ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Process Operation Technician (Meadow Lake) Integrated Foresty Worker (La Ronge) Geographical Information Systems (Prairie West Regional College) Building Maintenance Technician (Parkland Regional College) Construction Careers Project (Saskatoon, Regina) Health & Community Studies ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Community Services, Addictions (Saskatoon) Community Services, Community Health Representative (Saskatoon) First at.ions Child Care (North Battleford) Home Health Aide/Long Term Care Aide (Whitebear First at.ion, Fort Qu'Appelle, Yorkton Tribal Council & East Assiniboine Training & Employment) Home Health Aide (Meadow Lake, orth Battleford) Lifeskills Training School Board Training Adult Secondary Education ■ ■ Adult 12 (Saskatoon, Prince Albert) A dult 10 (Cote First Nation, La Ronge, Prince Albert Urban, Regina, King George Project-Saskatoon ) For more information contact: Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technologies 118 - 335 Packham Ave. Saskatoon, SK S7 4S1 ASKATCHEWAN Phone: 306-244-4444 Fax: 306-244-1391 Provincial Toll Free: 1-800-667-9704 INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGIES www.siit.sk.ca �15th annual Treacy 4 Eour Gathering . Once again, the File Hills Qu'AppelleTribal Council partnered with the Touchwood Agency Chiefs and Yorkton Tribal Council to host the annual Treaty Four Gathering. This year's event took place September 9-15 at the Treaty Four Grounds near the town of Fort Qu'Appelle. The week-long gathering featured educational, cultural and political activities in commemoration of the original signing ofTreaty Four. The various activities are designed to promote awareness of Treaty Four, which was signed one hundred and twenty-six years ago on September 15, 1874. This year, an Elders' Forum and a well-attended Justice Forum hosted by the Congress of Aboriginal Peoples highlighted the political programme. The annual Treaty Four Chiefs Forum gave the 34 Chiefs of the Treaty Four First Nations a chance to meet and talk with members about issues of governance and more. Of course, good old-fashioned fun is an important part of the gathering. This year's event featured a golf tournament and fastball tournament, both of which proved popular. The two-day powwow attracted a good crowd of spectators, who were treated to excellent dancing by a number of talented performers. A large part of the gathering is focussed on education, an area where the event continues to make a major impact. Although final numbers hadn't been tallied at the time we went to press, organizers estimate that more than 6,000 school-age children from surrounding regions, some from as far as Regina, came out to spend a day at the event. There were 27 tipis set up and the kids went from tipi to tipi learning different traditional crafts, sharing stories and more. There was something different in each tipi and dance demonstrations were held over the noon hour. For many youngsters, particularly those from inner city areas, the Treaty Four Gathering is often their first direct interaction with traditional First Nations culture, sometimes even with First Nations people. It has proven tremendously beneficial in providing a chance to educate First Nations youth about the many aspects of the culture. The Treaty Four Gathering is organized and managed by members of the partnering Tribal Councils, with the support of many volunteers. Everyone goes above and beyond the call in making the event a success. The result is that every year, the Treaty Four Gathering gets bigger and better. ��ations rtist After many years of being the artist behind the magazine cover, Ray McCallum finds himself as the subject on the cover of the magazine. He's not entirely comfortable up there. "My first thought (when I saw the proof) was 'Who is this old man and what is he trying to prove?'" As it turns out, Ray McCallum does have something to prove, though he may not admit it to anyone. Through his painting, songwriting, and dancing, ·he is showing how First Nations culture can be kept alive and vibrant through its arts. One of his earliest influences was his mother, Vitaline. Ray remembers his mother beading late into the night by the light of a bitch lamp . (skanakus - a lamp of braided rag soaked in grease and laid on a saucer). "She would never rush to get the work done, even if it meant she might lose the contract;' he says. Vitaline's dedication to her beadwork and design made an indelible impression on Ray. Ray is a member of the Waterhen First Nation but spent much of his youth on the Flying Dust First Nation. The last of nine children, he knew very early on that he wanted to create images, even before he knew what an 'artist' was . These early seeds started a journey of exploration and experiences in the lite of one "little brown man;' as he says. �Ray attended residential schools at Onion Lake and Beauval. It was there, he says, that "I experienced my first culture shock:' Memories of the schools are not always pleasant but Ray has managed to come to terms with his own situation. Ray missed out on a high school education. Friends and co-workers in subsequent years supplied a real-life education, and Ray credits their teaching with getting him to where he is today. "I was fortunate to have had the kind of relationship with my friends and Elders whose guidance and understanding led me away from a long, dark road. The one thing I will not forgive the schools and the government for is the arrest of our language and culture. That, for me, is the biggest crime of all. We now have much less of our culture that we can share with our children. The people who have lost their language have lost the subtleties and nuances in our stories as well:' ""Jwas fortunate to have had As a child Ray contracted tuberculosis, the effects of which have left him hearing impaired. An appointment for an ear operation led to much bureaucratic red tape and long delays, and as a result s Fall2002 the kind of relationship with my friends and Elders whose guidance and understanding led me away 11 from a long 1 dark road ... "I owe much gratitude to everyone that was connected to my life because without their care and understanding I would be nothing. My education has been from people, who came from all walks of life and cultures. They've shown me that as different as we are culturally, we are inside a dignified human being to be respected. You learn a little bit from everybody, and you hope that it will make you a better person:' If anybody is his mentor, he says, it is his wife, Paula, a policy analyst with the FSIN. "She is my hero. A consumate professional:' Through a sometimes turbulent life, Ray has always followed his heart in respect to his artwork. This first led to a sojourn at Emma Lake in 1986, where at 16, he was the youngest artist to be accepted to audit classes through the University of Saskatchewan. He went on to become involved in the Indian Art (Inda rt) program through the Saskatchewan Indian Culture Center. Many of the students who participated in the program have gone on to become successful artists. For Ray, it evolved into a career as an illustrator for various institutions under the FSIN. Other activities included working as a graphic designer for Saskatchewan Indian magazine during the 70's and �numerous album covers for Sweet Grass Records. A recent illustration of Ray's can be seen on this year's FSIN Powwow poster and program. Though Ray says his illustration pays the bills better, he much prefers fine art as a way of expressing himself. He has been involved in various art shows throughout his life and still feels his most definitive work is a paintstroke away from materializing. In 1983 Ray embarked on another artistic journey when he took up dance and beadwork. This journey has taken him as far away as Denmark and as close as the reserve next to Saki may, where he and his wife Paula lived for a while. Like everything else in Ray's life, this journey is ongoing, and memories of his mother Vitaline are prevalent as he goes about doing his beadwork. As a young man Ray taught himself how to play guitar and enjoyed playing the music of Dylan and Cohen. For quite some time he had quit playing, but in '92 he picked up a tune that he composed fifteen years earlier called "Bannock Fandango': This tune inspired an awakening for Ray and he began writing songs and composing tunes. Armed with this thought, Ray applied to the Canada Council for the Arts and received an arts grant to study flamenco guitar in Seville, Spain. In the future, Ray's ambition is to find singers that will compliment his songwriting. Ray composes in English as well as Cree; he believes the larger audience needs to hear and understand where he is coming from as an artist with a First Nations point of view. For a song to be successful, he feels the music must reach out and move the hearts and minds of listeners everywhere. It's also important to him to be able to create songs in his own language, a non-traditional type of song that he hopes will inspire younger artists to use the Cree language. The journey that Ray has embarked on is a road with no end and he finds himself still plying the skills that have taken him this far. His hope for the future is that other artists will find their journeys as interesting as the one he has experienced, but without the negatives. "Art is a continuum of space and time, where concepts are interpreted in new and exciting ways and each artist, however inexperienced, has something to contribute:' "This is our language and we have to use it. We have to re-create ourselves in our own image, and I'm trying to show that we can do this. That's what artists do - they innovate and bring new ideas to the community:' Saskatchewan Indian 9 �"Enjoy theCelebration ofCulture_a the FSI Awareness Day& Poww w" ~ @ Mailing Address: Aboriginal Consulting Services 410 AvenueN South Saskatoon, SK S7M 2N4 Tel: (306) 978-8118 Fax: (306) 978-8117 Email:johnl@eaglefeathernews.com Web: www.eaglefeathernews.com FIRSTNATIONS BANK 7 ~ •·iHWid THE FIRST NATIONS BANK OF CANADA WAS CREATED TO SERVE THE GROWING NEEDS OF CANADA'S ABORIGINAL COMMUNITY. We proudly offer* a full range of banking services . Visit or contact any First Nations Bank of Canada Branch to open your account or discuss your banking needs. For more information or to open an account , call toll-free 1-888-454-3622 www.firstnationsbank .com firstnationsbank@quadrant.net FIRSTNATIONS BANK l:Im!JD An Affiliate of Ei'J eANK * Some products and services are offered throug~ TD Bank Fi~anclal Group. T_heTD Bank Financial Group means The Toronto -Dom inion Bank and its subsidia ri es and afftliates, w ho provide deposit, investment, loan, securities, trust, insurance and other products and services. ~rade-mark of TD Bank. 10 Fall2002 �By Keith Davidson Saskatoon, Spring 1966. It was snowing. Big, wet, heavy flakes. No matter, I had tickets to a concert featuring Buffy Sainte-Marie and Dick Gregory. I had a date. Life was good. Mistaseni The concert had been arranged to help save a sacred Cree site near Elbow, Saskatchewan. The Gardiner Dam was complete. Diefenbaker Lake would soon cover the big boulder the Cree called Mistaseni or Mis-Tos-Si-Ti. If the committee to save Mistaseni could make enough money, the huge stone could be moved and protected for future generations to ponder and study. If was the operative word. Timing was tight. The stone was huge. The move would be expensive. 'Rusty' Williams photographed · the site in June, 1959. He estimated it was thirteen metres long and stood about five metres high. The rock was in the shape of a sleeping buffalo. The eye and mouth of the bison were clearly visible. 'Rusty' reported the stone and remembered an archaeologist and a senior PFRA official asking for directions in 1960. He didn't accompany them to the site but asked later if they had noticed anything special about it. They hadn't. Photos Tell A Story 'Rusty' had walked into the site in the late afternoon . He saw more than just a big rock and he felt it was an important artifact. Carefully incised into the granite were various images. A gifted photographer, he knew he would need low light for the carvings to show in a photo. He took three images. His plan worked to p~rfection. Examining the photos later, 'Rusty' was able to discern a dog, a smiling face, an unhappy face, a star blanket and a medicine wheel. On top of the rock, he had also noticed two other carvings that he later learned depicted sun dance sites. As time went on, 'Rusty ' asked people in the area about Mistaseni. An older farmer in the area told him that he had seen beads and other offerings in the cracks in the stone. Rusty gave away one copy of his best photo to the late Reverend Adam Cuthand. Adam �SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN FEDERATED COLLEGE . CONTACT INFORMATION Saskatchewan Indian Federated College Rm 118, College West Building University of Regina Regina, SK S4S 0A2 Ph: (306) 546-8400 Web: www.sifc.edu Fax: (306) 546-8470 Email: info@sifc.edu �confirmed that the sleeping buffalo rock was a Cree sacred site. In the End Dick Gregory's plane couldn't land. Buffy sang her heart out for two sets. I became a fan for life. My date became my wife. Other parts of this story don't end as well. It was decided the rock could not be saved. In the winter of 1966-67 the rock was blown up. Part of the debris was used in a cairn that commemorates Mistaseni at the marina in Elbow. The rest is buried in the face of the Gardiner Dam. We should be thankful that the spirit of Mistaseni survives in the cairn and the waters of Lake Diefenbaker. And just maybe we've learned enough to save the other sacred rock in the Ou'Appelle valley, but ...that's another story. Article Sources : Discussions with 'Rusty ' Williams. His original photos may be available to serious researchers . Photo titles and credits : 1. Mistasen i, June 1959. "Rusty " photo. 2. Rock near Elbow 1965. Courtesy of Dennis Gilbert son, CFQCTV Operations Manager . Saskatchewan Archives Board 444 Quebec Street Regina, Saskatchewan S4R 1K7 Tel: (306) 721-1874 Fax: (306) 721-1876 Email: fourdprinting@sasktel.net Printing at it's best. Check us Out! �LiviNGT~E Music What do the "Nammys" have to do with Saskatchewan? Well this year, two of Saskatchewan's Aboriginal-owned recording companies were on the list of winners at the Fifth Annual Native American Music Awards, a.k.a. "The Nammys" in Indian Country. It seems that being Aboriginal in Saskatchewan has nothing to do with their ability to compete with those Hollywood Indian types. In fact, when it comes down to it, you might say that Sweet Grass Records andTurtle Island Music are doing their own thing straight off the "rez': Producer Ted Whitecalf at the NAMA's with Best Folk/ Country award winners: Laughing Woman and Eagle Wing "We are very rich - especially in the prairies - with talented people and we are always trying to come up with new ways of producing their music. And making people aware of what is in our own back yard - our music, which is also unique because it is Aboriginal;' said Ted Whitecalf, owner and producer of Sweet Grass Records. The Fifth Annual Native American Music Awards (NAMA) were held in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, September 7th, 2002. Over 140 national recordings were submitted for nomination. Nominees were selected by "THiNqsAREREAllySTARTiNq TO HAppENiN THEAboRiqiNAlwoRld" 14 Fall2002 NAMA's Advisory membership. The winners were selected through member ballots and a national on-line voting website that was open to the public. Sweet Grass Records is a recording label that has, until recently, focused on traditional Aboriginal music. This first step into the contemporary world resulted in the "Nammy" for Best Folk/Country Artist: Laughing Woman and Eagle Wings "Reservation:' "Laughing Woman and her husband Eagle Wing approached me and said they were working on an album and wanted Sweet Grass to work with them. They heard my work and they were pleased with it:' Sweet Grass Records was established in May 1993, to record, promote and distribute stereo recordings of traditional native music throughout Canada, United States and �Europe. Sweet Grass Records has recently negotiated a partnership agreement with EMI Records to distribute its products worldwide. "EMI said that there is a lot of talent that has to be exposed:' One album that Whitecalf is particularly keen on is an album that Sweet Grass and EMI have partnered on called, "Skin Tight Blues:' The album features fourteen Blues Musicians from the States and Canada. Ted Whitecalf, no newcomer to the music industry, was also the recipient of a Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2001 Canadian Aboriginal Music Awards (CAMA). This is awarded to an individual who has dedicated his or her career, voluntarily or professionally, to the advancement, production and promotion of Aboriginal music and musicians in Canada. He also won the Music Industry Award, which is awarded to a professional member of the Canadian Music Industry who is currently contributing to the advancement, production and promotion of Aboriginal music and musicians in Canada. Also under the Sweet Grass label, awards went out to Best Drum Songs Album: Whitefish Jr's "Cree Man"; Best Album Cover Design: Whitefish Jr's "Cree Man'; Designer Pamela Wh iteca If; Best Powwow Al bum - Contemporary: Stoney Park ('Wolf Pack:' "Canada has been ahead in terms of recognition in the mainstream. Buffy Saint Marie recommended to the Juno's (Canada's Music Awards) that there should be a section for Aboriginal music. As for the States, the Grammy's are in the second year of presenting the Native American category. Things are really starting to happen in the Aboriginal world;' said Whitecalf about the growing industry. Another Aboriginal recording company that has its goals set on winning a Juno somewhere in the near future is Turtle Island Music, which is owned by Kelly Parker and operates out of Saskatoon. "Music was part of my background. I never planned on doing music for a living. I wanted to be involved in the arts in some way. One thing led to another, which led into music and video production. Once I got into it, I really found out that I love it;' said Parker. Since the start of the company in 1996, Turtle Island Music has earned its place right beside Sweet Grass and is a top contender in the business. In fact, Parker also won a Music Industry Award the year before Whitecalf. Turtle Islands Kelly Parker, George Parker and Sheldon Graham "WE OpEN THE dooRs foR THEM TO SEE THEiR d REAMs REAliZEd . INTURN, WE ARE SEEiNq OUR dREAMS REAlizEd As wEll." "There are a lot of Aboriginal artists who normally wouldn't get a chance to record their music, so we open the doors Saskatchewan Indian 15 �for them to see their dreams realized. In turn, we are seeing our dreams realized as well:' At the 2002 Native American Music Awards, Turtle Island Music walked away with Best Powwow Recording for "Red Bull - Traditional:' At last year's Canadian Aboriginal Music Awards, Turtle Island Music won Best Producer/Engineer for the production of the album, "The Best of Winston Wuttunee:' Turtle Island Music also had two Prairie Music Awards nominations: Corny Michel for best instrumental and one for the best Aboriginal recording for the album, "The Best of Winston Wuttunee': These Awards focus on Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. Turtle Island Music operates a specialized Digital Pro Tools recording studio and audio post facility and does video production, cassette and CD manufacturing. Understanding the Aboriginal music industry is what they see as making a difference. "It's all in the heart and I think that you have to be a part of the music. You have to grow up with the music, to have the culture and a proper understanding. And also to understand what the feeling is and hearing the sound of the "WE ARE VERY Rid~ ,, ESpECiAlly iN THEpRAiRiES ,, WiTH TAlENTEd ' prnplE ANd WE AREAlwAysrnyiNq TO COMEup wiTH NEWWAYSof pRoduciNq THEiR . MUSIC... " groups is what it's really about. It's just like living it and feeling it in your heart;' says Whitecalf. Each company is once again on the list of nominees at the upcoming Fourth Annual Canadian Aboriginal Music Awards to be held at the Sky Dome in Toronto on Thursday, November 28, 2002. You can bet that we will continue hearing more about their latest achievements. On vot1rWcl\ home ... SGlwants yov to ArriveAlive SGl c;11-c'> ;1bmit \ ovr '>:1tet\.Pk,l'>l'. t;ikc c;11-c011the ru,1cl. SG///// Take care out there. 16 Fall2002 �2~~2 Saskatchewan firstNation's PROG Saskatchewan Place Saskatoon, Sask October 18,- 20 2002 'RAM �On behalf of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Executive, Senate, staff and our 73 First Nations, I want to extend the warmest welcome to the people of Saskatchewan at the 2002 First Nations Cultural Celebration and Powwow. It is indeed our distinct pleasure to present to you with pride a cultural extravaganza and powwow that is not only exciting and entertaining, but begins to bridge the cultural gap between First Nations and the people of the province. This event is for you, the people of Saskatchewan. It is our sincere hope that the public of Saskatchewan will learn more about our traditions and culture and begin to join us in a journey towards self determination and partnership for the betterment of our collective communities. At this event, the people of Saskatchewan will experience first hand our culture, traditions and the Treaties, which collectively connect us for eternity. It is the Federation's hope that this event will begin to provide the public of Saskatchewan with a clearer understanding of our Treaties and how those Treaties are relevant to all of us, even today. To our corporate sponsors and partners, thank you for helping make this event a success. We look forward to expanding our partnerships for the betterment of Saskatchewan. So, on behalf of all First Nations people within culturally enlightening celebration. the Saskatchewan region, enjoy this Sincerely, FEDERATION OF SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN NATIONS Chief Perry Bellegarde �A Message from the Premier of Saskatchewan On behalf of the Government of Saskatchewan, I am pleased to offer warm greetings to all those attending the 2002 First Nations Cultural Celebration and Powwow. This will be an exciting weekend as participants and spectators have the opportunity to learn about First Nation beliefs and traditional practices through cultural awareness workshops, stage performances, and the largest Pow Wow in Western Canada for the 2002 season. I know that this will be a memorable experience for all. I offer a sincere thank you to the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations for its hard work in organizing this event. I am pleased to welcome all visitors to our beautiful City of Bridges, and I hope they take the time to explore the many sites in and around Saskatoon. Best wishes for a wonderful Lorne Calvert Premier celebration. �On behalf of the citizens of Saskatoon, I am pleased to welcome the spectators and participants to the 2002 First Nations Cultural Celebration and Powwow. Our Community is rich in both culture and spirit, and we are pleased to have opportunities to celebrate our multicultural heritage. We appreciate the work that the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations continues to do in promoting awareness of First Nations culture in our city. Thank you to all of the organizers who have worked hard to make this a successful event. Enjoy the Cultural Extravaganza and Powwow! James Maddin Mayor �Welcome everyone to the 2002 Saskatchewan First Nations Cultural Celebration & Powwow at Saskatchewan Place. On behalf of our organizing committee, we are pleased to present to our corporate sponsors and particularly the people of Saskatchewan this proud display of First Nations culture, traditions and dance. Sharing is an important aspect of First Nations culture. It is on this premise that we view this event as an exciting opportunity to share our diverse culture and traditions in a manner that is exciting and entertaining. I want to extend to members of the organizing committee a sincere thank you and job well done in organizing this event for our brothers and sisters. As I am sure many of you can appreciate, an event of this magnitude takes months of preparation, dedication and hard work. Thank you to all of the committee members and FSIN staff who worked many months and hours to ensure this events success. To our corporate sponsors and partners, thank you for helping make this event a major success and we look forward to continuing what we as First Nations view as a positive relationship that is sure to grow in the future. On behalf of the FSIN, our staff and our 73 First Nations, enjoy the celebration! Sincerely, FEDERATIONOF SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN NATIONS Irene Oakes Committee Chair FSIN Chief of Staff �Message from the President of Rawlco Radio Ltd. - Pam Leyland It is both an honour and a privilege for Rawlco Radio stations 650 CKOM, C95 FM, and Rock 102 FM in Saskatoon, to be sponsors of the 2002 FSIN Powwow. Having the rich heritage and traditions of First Nations people showcased in Saskatoon is an opportunity for all of us to celebrate. At Rawlco Radio we believe that the future of Saskatchewan is bright and exciting, with benefits for the economy at large, the work force and the quality of life for all of our families. Our future is strengthened through partnerships and cooperation between First Nations and non-First Nations people. That's why Rawlco Radio has invested and continues to invest in recruiting, hiring and training for First Nations employees throughout our twelve radio stations province-wide. The commitment of the Rawlinson Family, owners of Rawlco Radio Ltd., has been demonstrated in part with a donation of $1 million to the University of Saskatchewan College of Commerce to establish the Rawlco Resource Centre, a partnership between the College of Commerce and the SIFCSchool of Business to recruit and encourage First Nations students to pursue a business education and graduate with a Bachelor of Commerce Degree. We believe that part of our mandate as Saskatchewan broadcasters is to tell the stories of First Nations achievements in Saskatchewan through programs such as Seeds of Success,heard on all twelve of our stations. In addition, we are proud of the weekly First Nations and Metis current events program "Meeting Ground" with David Kirton and Mervin Brass, which focuses on Aboriginal issues and opportunities. On behalf of everyone at Rawlco Radio Ltd., we wish you every successwith this event . RAD I 0 �Saskatchewan IndiangamingAuthority- Presidentand CEO- EdmundBellegarde SIGA is the largest First Nations-owned and operated business in the province, with revenues exceeding $77 million a year and profits of almost $25 million. SIGA currently operates four casinos in the province; the White Bear Casino located on the White Bear First Nation, the Gold Eagle Casino located in North Battleford, the Northern Lights Casino in Prince Albert and the Painted Hand Casino located in Yorkton. We are also a major employer of First Nations people. Our payroll currently stands at roughly 1,100 people with approximately 70 percent of them being First Nations individuals. SIGA invests heavily in training and skills development, building human resource capacity not only for First Nations but for the province as a whole. SaskatchewanIndianCulturalCentre- President- LindaPelly-Landrie The Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Centre has served First Nations people since 1972. It was the first Indian controlled educational institution serving at the provincial level. Our mission statement is to strengthen and support overall Indian education and cultural awareness of Indian People. We also promote cross-cultural awareness of Indian peoples' historic and current role in Canadian society. We provide an Indian resource base for Bands and school systems to draw upon so the Indian children may accurately inherit the values and traditions of their heritage. Extensive research is also conducted and facilitated on Indian heritage and culture. Above all, we strive to respect' and promote the inherent sovereignty of First Nations and their Governments as recognized by the Royal Proclamation (1763) and confirmed by the Treaties and Constitutional relationships. The Centre is an incorporated non-profit institution of the Federation managed by a Board of Governors comprised of representatives from traditional Council of Elders, representing the eight-language/cultural its activities. The Centres' activities are organized into six focus areas • • • • • • Cross Cultural and Information Systems Cultural Resource Development & Publications Library and Information Services Audio Visual and Technical Unit Administration Finance of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, which is each Tribal Council within the province. A groups, advises and guides the Centre in or departments: �SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGIES SaskatchewanIndian Institute of Technologies- President - Joan Greyeyes The Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technologies has been in existence since 1976, offering training and education programs to First Nations adults in Saskatchewan. In 2001 - 2002 there more than 2,000 students enrolled at SIIT in the wide range of programming provided throughout the province, both on and off-reserve. SIIT is an educational institution of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (FSIN) and i~governed by a Board of Directors comprised of FSIN Senators, Saskatchewan Tribal Council appointees, and an FSIN Executive member appointee. SIIT serves First Nation adults by providing vocational and technical employment educational services for continued career growth. programming, as well as Although SIIT is governed by Saskatchewan's First Nations it also operates within the Saskatchewan provincial post-secondary system. On July 1, 2000 legislation was passed in the Saskatchewan Legislature recognizing SIIT as a post-secondary institution by way of the Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technologies Act. This Act now provides SIIT with recognition from both the Indian and non-Indian community as a provider of quality post-secondary education programs and services. Federationof SaskatchewanIndian Nations- President- Eber Hampton In May 1976, the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations entered into an agreement with the University of Regina, creating the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College (SIFC). The Agreement provides for an independently administered university-college, the mission of which is to serve the academic, cultural and spiritual needs of First Nations' students. The College also accepts non-First Nations' students. The Chiefs of Saskatchewan appoint the College's Board of Governors. Programs are academically integrated with the University of Regina, and the College follows university regulations respecting admissions and the development of new programs. The College has close to 60 full-time faculty and offers students a unique First Nations curriculum. The SIFCoffers degree and certificate programs in a variety of faculties and disciplines such as Indian Studies, Indian Art, Indian Languages, Indian Education, Indian Social Work, Indian Management and Administration, Indian Communication Arts, Science and Indian Health Careers, Dentistry with the National School of Dental Therapy. Since 1983, the SIFChas entered into over twenty-five agreements with Indigenous peoples' institutions in Canada, South and Central America, and Asia. The College has also signed agreements with academic institutions in Siberia (Russia), Inner Mongolia (China), and Tanzania (Africa). From less than a dozen students in 1976, the SIFC'senrollment has surpassed 1,600 students, one quarter of whom come from outside Saskatchewan and represent every province and territory in Canada. The College has a campus in Saskatoon with approximately 500 students. The Northern Campus in Prince Albert, with approximate enrollment of 500, provides extensive off-campus programming to First Nations' communities across Canada, with liaison offices at the Regina campus and La Ronge. �Irene Oakes JIEE owco =PITT Chair Darcy Mckenzie Communications/ Marketing Lyle Daniels Security/ Transportation Shirley MacDonald Greyeyes Coordinator Cultural Awareness Oct. 18, 2002 Joanne Cardinal Venue/ Audio/ Jeannie Pewapisconias Volunteers Jocelyne Wasacase Communications Data Entry/ Registration Lori Worm Trade Show/ Booths/ Data Entry/ Registration Sally Moccasin Youth / Pageant Debbie Delorme Data Entry/ Registration Lauren Thomson Data Entry/ Registration/ Dorothy Myo Cultural Awareness Facilitator/ Lorraine Delorme Data Entry/ Registration Donnie Speidel SICC- Tech. Director Donna Heimbecker Sask. Native Theatre Kennetch Charlette Sask. Native Theatre FSIN INSTITUTIONS Darlene Lancley SIIT Darlene Speidel SICC Tyrone Tootoosis SIFC SCHOOLS Cory Dogniez Public Schools Shelley Agecoutay Public Schools Sharon Laflamme Catholic Schools Nevadas Give Away - Specials �The Federation of Saskatchewan Aims and Objectives: Indian Nations • The protection of Treaties and Treaty Rights • The fostering of progress in the economic, education, and social endeavor of First Nation people • Co-operation with civil and religious authorities • The adherence to democratic procedure • The promotion and respect and tolerance for all people Target Audience: • • • • • Sfl [Ij /71I I (l___ J_ j_ ~j_ - -}_J Da Or.e 01/ j-----; ~ Saskatchewan First Nations, Tribal Councils and Aboriginal organizations Youth, both non-Aboriginal and First Nation School Boards, both non-Aboriginal and First Nation Governments, Corporations, Public and Private Businesses General public 1 } _ }---;-\ ~ / -} \ I ~1 !-}. ~_)) <C . Cultural Awareness Day (Workshop and Performances Only) October 18, 2002 8:00-9:00 Pipe Ceremony Wanuskewin Heritage Park 12:00-1:00 Performance, by SICC Dance Theatre and SNTC 4:00-5:00 Performance, by SICC Dance Theatre and SNTC 6:00 VIP Reception for Cultural Celebration Saskatchewan Place Entertainment 7:00 Opening Ceremony for evening performance by SICC Dance Theatre & Sask Native Theatre Company Address by: Chief Perry Bellegarde, FSIN RAWLCO Radio Representative Saskatchewan Place Representative 7:00-9:00 Special Public Performance by SICC Dance Theatre & Sask Native Theatre Company �][)ray T M/(()) Powwow October 19, 2002 12:00 Grand Entry of Dancer Introduction of Dignitaries Opening Remarks: }Jay Three Premier's Office Powwow October 20, 2002 City of Saskatoon - Mayor's Office 12:00 Chief Perry Bellegarde STC- Tribal Council Representative Introduction RAWLCO Radio Opening Remarks 2002 FSIN Princess - Chantel & 4th Vice Chief Dustyhorn Honoring Tiny Tots Introduction lntertribals & Honoring of 2002-2003 FSIN Princess Contests - Junior Categories Teen Categories Contest - Teen Categories Specialty Dance and Song Demonstration Announcement lntertribals Contest Winners Contests - Golden Age Category 3:00-4:00 6:00 Supper Break and Family Specials 7:00 Grand Entry Introduction of Junior Dance Specialty Dance & Song Demonstrations Exhibitions - Adult Categories Contests - Golden Age Categories Contests - Adult Categories of Dignitaries 7:00-8:00 Opening Remarks Exhibitions - Junior Categories 2002-2003 FSIN Princess Dance Contest 8:30-9:30 of Dignitaries Tiny Tots Honor Song & Honoring - Elected 2nd 3:00-4:00 Grand Entry of Dancer Specialty Dance & Songs Demonstrations Contests - Juniors and Teens Special Contest-Men's Fancy-Sponsored by Chief Perry Bellegarde Adult Contests Announcement of Winners in Song & Dance Competitions Retiring of Flags �-e L ion pi r:_lj j 0 1~11wo 1~ Prtncess Chantel Dustyhorn- KawacatooseFirst Nation Chantel Dustyhorn was selected in July 2002 as the Youth Powwow Princess. She has represented the FSINwith the utmost dignity and respect that can be afforded by a positive ambassador, not only of the youth, but of all First Nations people. Chantel credits her successand her beliefs in her Cree culture to her mother, Doreen, who has encouraged her with wisdom and guidance. Miss Dustyhorn has traveled to many powwows and celebrations throughout Canada and the U.S. She is an accomplished Jingle Dress dancer and has just successfully completed her first year in the women's jingle dress category. Chantel is 18 and is completing her final year as a grade twelve student at Scott Collegiate in Regina. The messages that Chantel brings to everyone are: • Awareness of the misuse of drugs and alcohol. She believes that this is a strong issue with all of our people and it is affecting us all. • The importance of Education. Drop out rates by First Nations people are unacceptably high. • The importance of family and community support for the youth. A child should be surrounded by the support of parents, peers, family, and the community, so a child can function and make the right choices to function as a healthy adult. • Youth are the future. When given the right choices and the right support, the youth will exceed all expectations. Chantel Dustyhorn has represented the people of Saskatchewan with great honor. She is and continues to be a positive role model for everyone. The Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations would like to thank Chantel and her family for accepting this tremendous responsibility . �RAD I 0 Proud Sponsor of the Saskatchewan First Nations Cultural Celebration and Powwow 650AM CKOM MIX 101 o1,~ 980AM cic1111 CJME NewsTalkRadio T~ge-aH~ �lfCl(! · J l l~ An Arena Director is a vital part of the powwow. He must direct all activities within the dancing circle. Experienced dancers and singers make the best arena directors because they are aware of the expectations of other dancers and singers. The following Arena Directors have been chosen for their experience as competitors and participants within the dancing circle and as positive role models within their communities and within the powwow circle. They also choose to practice and live a healthy lifestyle by abstaining from the use of drugs and alcohol. Delbert Wapass Delbert is serving as the dancing arena director of this year's powwow. He is a champion grass dancer who competes in the Canadian and American powwow circuit. He has also served as Arena Director at many other prestigious powwows throughout North America. Delbert is the incumbent Chief of the Thunderchild First Nation where he resides with his wife and four children. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree from the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College and a Bachelor of Education degree from the University of Saskatchewan. RobertJR McArthur JR, as he is known to the powwow circle, is serving as one of the head singing judges. He is a champion grass dancer who has been dancing since he was very young. He is also a champion singer who sings with the Crooked Lake Agency singers. JR presently sits on the WhiteBear band council as a council member and works with the oil and gas industry in the area. He resides in WhiteBear with his wife, Vida and three daughters. Marc Longjohn Marc is serving as one of the head singing judges. He currently works with the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations in Urban Development. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Saskatchewan. Marc is a long time championship style singer who has been singing in the powwow circle as well as the round dance circuit. He is a member of the Sturgeon Lake First Nation and currently resides in Saskatoon with his wife, Adonica. �The Master of Ceremonies or Announcer is a vital part of every powwow. A good announcer can contribute to a successful, enjoyable and memorable powwow. A successful and requested announcer is a good story teller, has many jokes to share, is very knowledgeable in the history of powwow and the different styles of dances and knows most of the dancers and singers. The2002 SaskatchewanFirst NationsCulturalCelebrationand Powwow is very proud to utilize the servicesof the following Master of Ceremonies. BillCrouse Bill is an enrolled member of the Seneca Nation of Indians. He is a member of the Hawk Clan, who he represents as a Faith keeper of the Coldspring Longhouse on the Allegany Indian Reservation in New York State. He is currently employed as the Seneca Language and Culture teacher in Salamanca Middle School. He is a freelance artist and curriculum developer. He resides on the Allegany Reservation with his wife and five children . He has dedicated and continues to dedicate his life's work of preserving and teaching Native American Culture through his singing, dancing, storytelling and artwork. In the summer, Mr. Crouse is in demand as a master of ceremonies, a singer and performer at the many pow wows in the U.S. and Canada. Bill has a dual role with this powwow. He will be introducing and singing for the Iroquois Smoke Dancers during the special performances of the powwow. DonnieSpeidel Donnie is a Lakota and is an enrolled member of the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe from North Dakota. His Lakota name is Tatanka Hoksila (Buffalo Boy). Mr. Speidel has danced all his life and is known across North America for his promotion of First Nations Culture. He is a champion fancy dancer and singer and was the leader of the Wanuskewin International Dance Troupe for the past four years. Mr. Speidel currently- works for Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Centre. He currently resides in Saskatoon with his wife, Deanna and his two daughters. FrankAsapace Frank currently works with the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations as the Director of the Senate. He is a champion traditional dancer who has been dancing for many years. Mr. Asapace currently resides in Sweetgrass with his wife, Nadine and his children. Kawacatoose First Nation. He is a member of the �h O_\/lf N' DA~ , 'C It N WomensJt:"n q e DressDre u1ce This style of dance is believed to have originated in the Lake of the Woods area of Ontario and Mille Lacs, Minnesota. Th.ere are several versions of the origin of this dance, but it is a healing dance. One story of its origin is that an Ojibway holy man dreamed of four women wearing these dresses. In his dream he was taught how to make the dresses, what songs to sing for the dance, and how the dance should be performed. He and his wife made four of the dresses, which they presented to the women he had seen wearing them in his dream, at a dance where he recounted his dream and instructed the women on how to dress and dance. Another story is from a man from the Lake of the Woods area whose daughter was ill. In this man's vision, the jingle dress was made of shell. The meaning of his vision was for the dress to be given to those who believed in a traditional way of life. The dress was to be given for the purpose of healing. The jingle dress is a medicine dress. If a woman chooses to take on this dress, she must be ready for the responsibility that it entails. In the 1980's, the Jingle Dress was reintroduced to the prairies with performances and dance demonstrations by a group of jingle dress dancers from the Lake of the Woods area led by the late Maggie White. Today it is the most popular style of dance for women and continues to be characterized by a cloth dress decorated with hundreds of metal cones or jingles. It has become custom for women to carry fans, which they raise during the honor beats of a song. In today's powwow world, we are witnessing another classification of dance within the jingle dress dance. The jingle dress dance can now be classified as traditional with basic steps and contemporary with fancy footwork. In the past, women only danced on the sidelines in support of the male dancers unless songs were sung specifically for them to come out into the center to dance. Their styles of dance were very modest and dignified, the most common being the stationary, the graceful walk and the side step. It was not until the evolution of contemporary powwow, in the 1950's, that women came out to dance along side the men in intertribal dancing. The Women's Traditional Dance is a very dignified, graceful and modest dance that shows the strength, pride, respect and honor the women carry for their family, relatives and friends. There are three styles of this dance. The first is the stationary dance. This style originated with the Dakota/Nakota people in their small gatherings of long ago. The women would stand and bounce gently to the beat of the drum in honor of their family or relatives for whom the �song was sung. In these gatherings, the women would adorn themselveswith their most elaborate quilled, beaded and decorated dresses and accessories. The outfit was personal and was created through dreams or traditional family designs. These dresses symbolized the industry, patience and steadfastness a woman had to possess to complete such an enormous project. In the Grass Dance Society, the women danced in what is known as the circle dance, round dance or side step dance. This dance is still performed as part of competitions today. In the third style, the women gracefully dance in a zigzag pattern around the edge of the dance arena. Their dance is in time to the drum beat. WomensFancy The Women's Fancy dance is one of the most modern of the women's dances. There are several stories on the origin of this dance. One of the most well respected stories came from the North Dakota/ Montana areas, when women had traditionally stayed in the background and did not participate in the dances within the circle. A group of ladies led by Gladys Jefferson from the Crow Tribe and Yvonne Chase from the Mandan, Hidatsa, Arikara Tribe wanted to dance and show their fancy style. Thus, the Women's Fancy dance was born - but not without much persuasion by this group of women. Other women who led the initiation of this dance included Bonnie Deer from Minnesota and Reta Metcalf from St. Francis, South Dakota. Gladys Jefferson from the Crow Tribe tells of their struggles to become an accepted group within the powwow Circle. Dancers who introduced and promoted this dance in the province included Celina and Sandra Bird from Montreal Lake, Dianne Goodwill from Standing Buffalo, Bernadine Standingwater and Virginia Horse from Thunderchild and Irene Seeseequasis (Tootoosis) from Beardy's. Other frontrunners included Marlene Jimmy from Thunderchild, Marjorie Dressyman from Red Pheasant, Lorraine and Lorna Blackbird from Thunderchild and Linda Standing and Sara McArthur from Whitebear and Roselma Haywahey from Carry the Kettle. In the 1960's, this dance was called the Graceful Shawl Dance and the dance steps were closer to the ground, but the dancers showed their creativity with their fancy footwork. The dancers would dance wearing a beaded traditional top with either a buckskin dress or cloth material dress, and they would carry a shawl and a fan. Reta Metcalf introduced the wearing of a large colorful scarf over the shoulders. This was introduced in order to portray the practice of modesty. Into the 1970's, the dancers wore the shawls followed by the addition of a cape made of cloth or leather. Thf leggings were usually leather with fringes. Into the 1980's, the addition of beaded capes made this dance more colorful. In the 1990's, the shawls became an important part of the dance as their designs became more intricate and eye catching. Today in the Women's Fancy Shawl Dance (as it is called today), the brightly colored shawl is one of the distinctive parts of the outfit, as well as the fully beaded cape, matching leggings, moccasins and hairpieces, usually adorned with rhinestones. A fancy shawl dancer dances to a fast drum beat, such as is required of the Men's Fancy Dance. The Fancy Shawl Dancer shows not only gracefulness and agility, but endurance as she moves perfectly to the beat of the drum. �1\/J, n's Trad tt ional Dan The Men's Traditional style of dance is one of pride and confidence amongst First Nations men. This style's roots stem from the days when hunting and war parties, upon returning to their home village, would celebrate their successesby recounting their encounters with the prey or enemy by re-enacting them through dance. Tradition~! dancers demonstrate a style of dance that evolved from the old form of war dance. The regalia worn in the men's traditional style is highly symbolic and the colors are more subdued than those worn in other men's dance styles. The traditional dancers wear a single bustle, which is made of feathers from birds of prey such as the eagle, who converges on the hunt or battle site at its conclusion. Most traditional dancers wear a headdress called a roach, which is topped with two eagle feathers that signify enemies meeting in battle. The dancers usually carry items that denote their status as warriors such as a shield, coup stick and an eagle wing fan. While the dancers are dancing, they appear to be strong, bold warriors. They tell a complete story that can be seen in their dance steps as they bend low to the ground and peer cautiously about. The process is repeated as an on-going hunt. The completion of the successful hunt is demonstrated as they move in for the kill. Today in Men's Traditional Dance, two styles have emerged: traditional and contemporary. The traditional style is more subdued and graceful, while the contemporary style is more active and has flashier outfits. 1 lHen FaneI Dan e The Men's Fancy style of dance can trace its origin to the wild west show days of the late 1800's and early part of the 1900's, when promoters incorporated Men's Fancy War Dance demonstrations and contests into their show routines. The Men's Fancy War Dance was a crowd pleaser. Those who danced with the wild west shows introduced this style of dancing into their home areas, where it was a spectator favorite. It also became a favorite in the southern state of Oklahoma, considered the home of the Men's Fancy Dance. The wild west show Men's Fancy War Dance competitions actually paved the way for the evolution of the contemporary competition powwows in the Northern Plains, and a northern style of men's fancy dancing evolved. There are two distinct styles of the Men's Fancy Dance: the southern style and the northern style. Entertainment is the main feature of the dance today. The bright colors of the outfits and fast moves of the dancers provide an entertaining sight for the audience. Men's Fancy dancers wear two brightly colored bustles on their backs. Some dancers choose to make their bustles out of man-man feathers while others choose eagle feathers. The dancers also wear a cape made of cloth, ribbon or fully beaded. They also wear matching front and back aprons. In addition to their regalia, the dancers wear porcupine head roaches, fur leggings and bells. �The Men's Fancy Dance is, in many respects, a test of a dancer's endurance and knowledge of all songs. Not only is the dancer required to show great agility and creativity, but he must also be able to stop on time to any song. A dancer must be physically fit and well-coordinated becausethe dance requires a great deal of muscle control. It also permits the dancers to display highly complex dance steps and body movements. Men'sGrassDance During this century, the Grass Dance or freestyle has been the most dominant of men's dance styles in the Northern Plains. There is more than one version of the origin of Grass Dance, and versions differ throughout various locations in Canada and the United States. In one version, this dance was introduced into the Northern Plains and promoted by the Dakota/ Lakota/ Nakota, who purchased from their Omaha relatives the right to organize grass dance societies and execute the ceremonial dances of the society. Membership in the Omaha Society, as it is called by the Dakota/ Lakota/ Nakota, was extended only to the most accomplished warriors, who wore braids of grass tucked in their belts during the society dances, thus the name the Grass Dance. In some regions, First Nations believe that the Grass Dance is a heal ing dance. Another version is that the grass dancers were called out to the place where feasts and special events were to take place. The dancers blessed the ground while they danced in time with the beat of the drum. While the grass dancers danced, they flattened the grass with their feet in preparation for the ceremonies to take place. Today's grass dancer's regalia consists of a fringed shirt, pants and apron that are decorated with bead and ribbon work. The outfit also consists of a beaded belt, cuffs, headband and harness with a porcupine roach, which adorns two eagle feathers or a set of plumes. Each outfit is designed to move with and enhance the motions of the dancer. The dancer moves his hips, arms, head and shoulders in harmony with the movement of his legs and dance steps. Dancers attempt to imitate nature, resembling the gentle swaying of grass on a windy day. Grass dancers must display balance, endurance, coordination and gracefulness. All movements are done both on the left and right sides. ~ ems ·cKe., ce The Chicken Dance Society is the Blackfoot Society adopted by the western Cree and the Dakota/ Lakota/ Nakota Grass Dance Societies. As each adopted the society, they modified the rules, rituals and regalia to fit within their cultural norms. Although similar, they are unique. During the early years of the evolution of the contemporary powwow, the Blackfoot and ~estern Cree performed dances originating from the Chicken Dance Society and incorporated its protocols in their powwows. Just like the Dakota/ Lakota/ Nakota had done with the grass dance. The Chicken Dance was gradually replaced with the more contemporary fancy, traditional and grass dance styles until there were few chicken dancers. In the past few years, however, there has been a resurgence of this dance. As the popularity of this dance style is reviving, it is being adopted by dancers from all over Canada and the United States. The 2002 Saskatchewan First Nations Cultural Celebration & Powwow is proud to present the Chicken Dance as part of the Adult and Teen category dance competition. �a C SaskatchewanNativeTheatreCompany(SNTC) The Saskatchewan Native Theatre Company (SNTC) is a non-profit organization incorporated in January of 1999. SNTC's mission is to develop and produce performing arts initiatives that educate and promote the richness and diversity of Aboriginal cultures. The foundation of the organization is built on the understanding that the art of theatre and cultural awareness are intertwined. SNTC uses theatre as an effective means to empower, educate, entertain and employ utilizing ' a holistic approach that enhances our cultural identity and strengthens the spirit of our communities. <]nP+(Askiy - "The Land") by Mark Dieter and the Saskatchewan Native Theatre Company Directed and Designed by: Kennetch Charlette & The SNTC Youth Ensemble Costume Designer: April Doepker Original Music by: Joseph Naytowhow Actors: SNTC Youth Ensemble Dancers: Cheryl Kay, Matthew Whitebear ,, Askiy is a tribute to the Treaties of Saskatchewan, the history of Saskatchewan's First Nations peoples and their connection to the land. The story speaks to the transitions endured by First Nations people, and celebrates the survival of their cultures. Through storytelling, drama, dance and song, Askiy is a multi-media presentation that honors the spirit of the land and educates the viewers on the richness and diversity of Saskatchewan First Nations cultures. The SNTC Youth Ensemble is proud to be a part of this production. They are: Kasey Atcheynum, Mark Dieter, David Knight, Cheperyn Makokis, Raine Morin, Delvin Opissinow, Brenda Peeteetuce, Curtis Peeteetuce, Mitchell Poundmaker & Cara Weeseekase SaskatchewanIndianCulturalCentreDanceTheatre The Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Centre Dance Theatre was established to showcase First Nations' songs and dance from the Northern Plains region. Many of the performances' feature champion dancers of various traditional and contemporary dance styles and music. Through song and dance both First Nation and non-First Nation audiences gain an appreciation of the diversity of First Nations cultures and the high caliber of Saskatchewan talent. The Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Centre Dance Theatre was formed through the leadership of the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Centre. Donnie Speidel is the director of this exciting performance. Donnie's ongoing commitment and interest is seen through the quality of the dance performances. As a tribute to the 2002 Saskatchewan First Nations Cultural Celebration & Pow Wow, the Troupe has based this year's performance on Treaties. �HoopDance First Nations consider the hoop to be sacred and employ its use in many ceremonies, including ritual dances. Today one of the more popular dances often featured at powwows is the hoop dance. This contemporary form of hoop dance has several different origins. One is that the Hoop Dance was performed by medicine men and spiritual leaders as a medicinal and/or visionary dance. Visions were seen through the hoops to cure ailments or see the future. This dance allows the dancers to weave the story of how all living things on the earth are connected and how they grow and change. The Hoop Dancer uses a number of hoops to imitate the creatures found on Mother Earth. While every dancer lends his or her own interpretation, each follows the theme of harmony with nature. These dancers may imitate the form and movement of an eagle, a butterfly, a flower, Mother Earth, etc. Another story of origin is from the wild west show days. It is said that during the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, performers from the Indian Village saw Chinese jugglers demonstrating some fancy manipulations of rings and hoops. The organizers of the Indian Village encouraged the Taos hoop dancers, who danced with two hoops, to incorporate more hoops into their dancing to be more like the Chinese jugglers. Hoop dancing has continued to be primarily a "show dance", with some dancers performing with as many as 48 hoops that they manipulate into various designs and shapes. Only a small number of powwows sponsor hoop dance competitions. Hoop Dancer- Alex Wells- 2002 World Hoop DanceChampion Two-time World Hoop Dance Champion Alex Wells is the third Canadian to hold the title and the second Canadian to win it consecutively. Alex acquired the title at the annual World Championship Hoop Dance Contest held at the Heard Museum in Phoenix, Arizona. Mr. Wells is a member of the Lil' Wat First Nation of Mt. Currie, B.C. Alex is an accomplished Hoop Dancer, Men's Fancy Dancer, Native Flutist and aspiring actor. Alex has travelled nationally and internationally and his talents have been showcased in such shows as: CCMA Awards, AEC's 25th Anniversary, Calgary Exhibition and Stampede and Banff's "Springtime in the Rockies" World Youth Congress Conference. He also played a role in Jackie Chan's "Shanghai Noon" and CBC's "Cowboy Stories". Mr. Wells also works with inner-city youth at risk and aboriginal foster youth. He currently resides in Morley with his wife, Theresa and two daughters. TerranceLittletent - KawacatooseFirst Nation Terrance is a champion grass dancer and his talents extend into the hoop dance arena. He is an accomplished hoop dancer and has previously won the Championship in this category at the Schemitzun World Championship of Song and Dance in Connecticut. He has demonstrated his talents throughout the country. Terrance currently resides in Regina with his wife and daughter. KellyDaniels- SturgeonLake First Nation Kelly Daniels is an accomplished grass dancer and has been performing as a hoop dancer throughout North America and internationally. He has been performing since he was very young and acts as a role model for other youth who aspire to reach their full potential. �IroquoisSmokeDance The Iroquois Smoke Dance is an offshoot of the Iroquois war dance style of dancing. It has been somewhat modernized in that the tempo of the songs has been accelerated. This dance has been used for many years by the various generations of show dancers as a fast exhibition dance. In the past few years it has been rising in popularity as a competition dance of speed and agility at various powwows throughout Indian Country. Dene Singers The 2002 Saskatchewan First Nations Cultural Celebration and Powwow is proud to feature the Buffalo River Dene Singers from the Buffalo River Dene Band in northern Saskatchewan. Their singing style is quite different from the styles of powwow singing that are presented at this celebration. They are led by Joe Billette. Crow Dancers The Crow Tribe from southern Montana have a traditional style of dancing that is unique from all other styles of traditional dancing. The 2002 Saskatchewan First Nations Cultural Celebration and Powwow is proud to present this outstanding style of dancing from our southern neighbours. Inuit Throat Singers The 2002 Saskatchewan First Nations Cultural Celebration and Powwow is proud to introduce Nikki Komaksuitiksak and Melinda Tautu, the Inuit Throat Singers. Throat Singing is a well known form of Inuit Music that is usually performed by two women. The singers stand face to face. It helps if one singer is shorter than the other. Each singer repeats a different sound in a fast rhythm. The low pitch that is the trademark of throat singing represents sounds made by different birds and animals. Sometimes throat singing can be a contest to see who can sing the longest. ~ rm n In the late 1800's, the Canadian and United States governments banned Indian dancing because it was viewed as barbaric and a hindrance to civilization. Yet citizens in general would pay a fee to watch the "savage red man" perform his dances. This led entrepreneurs like Wild Bill Cody to put together "cowboy and Indian shows" or wild west shows, which toured throughout North America and extensively in Europe. It also became common for non-Indian communities to request Indians make a camp and perform their dances at their annual sports days and fairs. In both scenarios, the spectators wanted more than just the routine dancing known today as "intertribal dancing", so the organizers and promoters sought to develop dance performances that would keep the audience captivated and spell bound. As a result new dances were created just for the sake of show dancing. Lanceand ShieldDance Historically, the majority of non-Indian people feared First Nations dances, presuming them to be war dances. In reality, each First Nation had a wide variety of dances, most of which had nothing to do with war. It is, however, true that nearly all First Nations had one or more dances that were associated with celebrating successesachieved in the hunt or battle. The Lance and Shield Dance draws upon elements of those dances to emulate a celebration of success in the hunt or war. Eagle Dance All First Nations revere the eagle. He is the greatest and most powerful of all birds, the respected leader of those who fly. Some believe he has the power to end wars as well as to make them. Many believe him to be the Creator's emissary and symbol of purity because he flies in the most pure of places. First Nations who have pipes or calumets often decorate their pipes with eagle feathers. Most Woodlands and Plains tribes had a form of eagle dance or pipe dance that incorporated similar elements and some had two distinct dances. Both dances were used to greet strangers, create ceremonial friendships or make peace, and often to bring success in hunting or war, to bring good luck or oppose bad luck, and in some cases to cure sickness. The Eagle Dance incorporates aspects of those dances and is done in demonstration of First Nations' profound respect for the eagle. �BuffaloDance The Plains Indians historically admired the qualities that the buffalo represented and sought to develop those same qualities - great strength, courage, endurance and generosity. They were very dependent upon the buffalo, who provided for their food, shelter, clothing and other needs. Plains Tribes historically acknowledged their dependence on the buffalo and were humbly grateful for what was provided. The buffalo is believed to have spiritual qualities and is accorded the utmost respect . Nearly every Plains tribe had several Buffalo dances. Some were associated with the hunt, others were strictly ceremonial, and some were social in nature. The Buffalo Dance is a rendition of a "buffalo calling dance" that was performed to call the buffalo prior to a hunt. The dance is done in respect for the buffalo. TeamDance This is a new style of dance that has evolved in recent decades. Three or four dancers form a team and synchronize their steps and movements. Team dance competitions and demonstrations have become a popular addition to powwows. Saskatchewan CHIP Hotels are Proud sponsors of the 2002 Saskatchewan First Nations Cultural Celebration & Powwow SASKATOON HOTEL AND INN CONFERENCE CENTRE 1-800-667-8789 REGINA ~JtA;I> ~ HOTEL AND INN CONFERENCE CENTRE 1-800-66 7-8162 1-800-333-3333 (,, , IMPERIAL 400 M Saskatoon Regina (306) 244-290 I (306) 584-8800 O T E L S 1-800-781 ~2268 "Your Friends at Saskatchewan CHIP Hotels would like the opportunity to thank all First Nations organizations, people and communities for their continued support and we value our working relationship." �EventSponsors The Federationof SaskatchewanIndianNationswould like to thank its corporatesponsors & partners,along with the variousindividualswho generouslydonatedto this event. On behalf of all SaskatchewanFirst Nations,thank you! Major Event Sponsor: RAWLCO RAD I 0 The FSIN would like to specially thank the President of Rawlco Radio, Pam Leyland and her staff for their dedication and enormous contributions toward the promotion and marketing of this event. Eagle Sponsors: Saskatchewan Indian Gaming Authority (SIGA) Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technologies (SIIT) Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Centre (SICC) Saskatchewan Indian Federated College (SIFC) Gold Sponsors: Cree Way Gas DarkHorse Studio Silver Sponsors: Saskatchewan Government Insurance 4 Directions Printing Inc. Cameco Corporation Prince Albert Grand Council - Northern Lights Community Development Corporation CHIP Hospitality (Raddison Hotel, Saskatoon Inn & Imperial 400) Eagle Feather News Bronze Sponsors: SaskPower Federated Cooperatives Limited Saskatchewan Sage & Wind Speaker Circle of Friends: SaskTel Hitachi Canada Industries Ltd. Delia Opekokew - Opekokew/Winegarden, Barristers & Solicitors Saskatchewan Sport, Culture & Recreation Jake Tootoosis PAGC Grand Chief Gary Merasty Vice Chief Elmer Ballantyne Vice Chief Emile Hanson �POWWOWCATEGORIES Golden Age 50+ YOUTH 6 - 13 1st $800 2nd $600 3rd 4th 5th $100 TOTAL$2,100 X 2 = $4,200 1st $100 2nd $75 3rd $50 4th $50 TOTAL$275X 6 ==$$1 ·1. Mens Traditional 2. LadiesTraditional TEENS 13 - 18 $300 $200 $100 4th $50 TOTAL$2,100 X 7 = $4,550 1. Teen BoysTraditional 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Teen Girls Traditional Teen Boys Grass TeenGirls Jingle Teen Boys Fancy Teen Girls Fancy Teen Boys Chicken Dance �THE tNCA SUMMERtlNSTtTUTE 2002 By Kerry Benjoe A room filled with over 27 journalists may seem like a nightmare to those who fear the media. However, to Shannon Avison, Department Head, of the INCA (Indian Communication Arts) program it is a sign of success. The INCA program is a two-year certificate offered at the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College (SIFC). Every two years, summer institute is held as part of the INCA program and this year's summer institute boasted the biggest class ever, with a success rate of 100 percent. All 27 students who participated in the class passed, which is amazing since the students dubbed the class journalism boot camp. To understand the full magnitude of the summer institute one has to envision 27 students, one classroom, over 30 instructors and seven short weeks. The institute was a carefully choreographed event that two very talented instructors were able to pull off. The students received the best training possible from a group of professionals who took time out of their busy schedules to spend time teaching a group of inexperienced but eager students at the University of Regina's School of Journalism. Everyone had to be committed because internet, print, radio and television journalism, were all covered in seven weeks. The students were involved in every aspect of journalism, from building their own website to editing their own radio and television documents. This was on top of pitching unique story ideas, script writing, mastering technical equipment and attending daily lectures. The student journalists were very fortunate because they were trained by a wide variety of talented people. It was a change from regular classes because no one relied on text books instead everyone learned through hands on experience combined with the expert advice of 11 Fall2002 those working in the media. Students ~nd lecturers worked side by side like colleagues, which may be why there was a high level of success. The students learned a great deal from the instructors, but the instructors in turn learned from the students. Fiddler originally came to the institute as a training coordinator and was working for CBC in Vancouver with the full intention of returning at the end of the institute. Fiddler was placed in the role of teacher and mentor and her experience at the institute changed her focus. She is now pursuing her Masters and has remained in Regina. Fiddler said that "teaching and mentoring causes you to see yourself in a new light and gives you a whole different perspective on life" and it is what ultimately caused her to change her career path. Fiddler enjoyed working with the students because teaching is very rewarding and she has found that teaching has made her "a kinder person, with a new way of critiquing other people's work:' Linda Kayseas, a student in the summer institute, had the unique opportunity to be the producer for the radio show that the students created. In doing so, Kayseas was offered three different jobs! Kayseas is now working at CBC and she was amazed that she, was able to do the work required considering that she, along with the rest of the class, received only three weeks of radio training. Kayseas believes that the summer institute is very important because "it introduces a whole new world to Aboriginal people with job opportunities that they may have never even considered': Kayseas is enjoying the fast paced work environment at CBC and she considers herself fortunate to be given the opportunity to hone her journalism skills. �Sheldon Poitras, another student who participated in the summer institute, believes that the institute provides the students with a crash course in journalism that would benefit any student regardless of their field of study. Poitras, president of the SIFC Students Association, came out of the class with a new understanding about how the media works and he feels that he now possesses the skills needed to operate in that area. Poitras voiced what other students may have felt and that is "in addition to receiving an extraordinary training opportunity we also developed a whole new network of friends along with a strong support system:' Participants started the institute as students, but the degree of specialized training that they received left everyone with all the skills needed to become working journalists. Some students may not pursue a career in the media but there are some who have applied to the School of Journalism and have opted to make journalism their profession. Regardless of what each new journalist chooses to do, the fact remains that everyone enjoyed their time at the institute. Anyone remotely . interested in pursuing a career '"in t~e media should seriously consider making plans to participate in the next summer institute to be held 2004. 27 STUDENTS ONE CLASSROOM OVER 30 tNSTRUCTGRS SEVEN WEEKS 100%SUCCESS .RATE The power of community. The process of connecting with others has the power to change attitudes and enrich our lives. Throughout the year, SaskPower supports many events celebrating First Nations cultures and traditions. SaskPower is a proud sponsor of the FSIN ·~~ii illm~f) •~lfl,mo Cultural Celebration & Powwow "Cultural Awareness Day." 0 •,~•~,e• IY~(' i ' '';:; ,; ' ;: \. SaskPower Saskatchewan Indian 18 �Shaylynn Pewapisconias is from Little Pine First Nation, Saskatchewan. She was scouted while playing at the 2002 National Aboriginal Hockey Championship last spring at Akwesasne, Ontario and is now on her way - with a scholarship - to Superior, Wisconsin to play for the University of Wisconsin women's hockey team. Shaylynn remembers how she got her start in hockey. It began with her dad, who took her out to the frozen pond at the back of the house. "My feet were really small for a four year old and he put big skates on me," she said. "I kept falling down and he wouldn't help me. He just kept telling me to get up." It is funny how this story has a familiar ring to it, like the stories from Saskatchewan's other players in the big leagues. Dreams of Gold Jt is thewayanyhockeyplayerdreamsif willhappen. Except for thefacfthatthis hockeyplayerhappens fo bea girl. 19 Fall2002 Shaylynn is the daughter of Les and Mareena Pewapisconias and has twelve adult siblings and one younger brother who plays competitive ball. She is 18 years old and recently graduated from the Little Pine First Nation High School. She began playing organized hockey at the age of twelve. Her mother Mareena first signed her up for figure skating. "I told my mom I didn't want to figure skate, I wanted to play hockey." So after convincing her mother, Shaylynn played her first game in Cutknife with the Atom boy's team. By the time she began playing Peewee hockey, things were getting harder on her and the few other girls who were still playing on the mixed team. �"The boys on the team didn't want us there. They would tell us to quit the team," Shaylynn recalls. "The other girls finally quit, but I stuck it out. "It wasn't until Bantam that I started playing with an all-girls team in Unity. This is where I really started to get good at playing." Aboriginal teams started to pick her up for tournaments. Shaylynn began making friends and meeting new coaches and line mates that supported her quest to become a better hockey player. But there was a tough choice ahead and Shaylynn's decision proved to be a major turning point for her. "At the time I was playing for the Unity team, I was asked by Saskatchewan's Aboriginal Team to play at the National Aboriginal tournament. This tournament was the same time my Unity team was going to play Provincials. I decided to go with the Aboriginal team. We took home bronze and my team (Unity) won the gold at the Provincials," said Shaylynn. "When I got home, the town paper wrote a story on the team (Unity) and mentioned all my team mates, but they didn't list my name." Shaylynn saw this as a sign from her coach that he was not pleased with her decision to play with another team. Fortunately, her decision was the right one and it has made all the difference. Shaylynn is now looking forward to two-hour daily practices on ice and a daily work out off ice to improve her foot speed, plus she will have to keep up with the demands of attending university. She is planning to take teaching while at U ofW. Playing the game she loves is a far cry from what could have been. Shaylynn was once headed down the wrong path, getting into trouble with the law and considered a young offender in her community. She hopes that youth in her community will someday see her as a role model and realize that being involved in sports can lead to better things. Shaylynn is meeting her future with a positive attitude both on and off the ice. She sees moving to Wisconsin as a once in a lifetime opportunity. Maybe we will watch her on T.V.as she once watched her favorite player - Saskatchewan's own Fiona Smith who played with Canada's Olympic Women's HockeyTeam in Nagano, Japan. Good luck, Shaylynn! Back Row Left to Right: Joan Greyeyes (Manager), Lynette Bird, Charmine Naytowahow, Sara McKay, Ruby Norman, Wylee Dillion, Dayna King, Fallon Head, Darcey King, Shaylynne Pewapisconias, Michelle Delorme, Earl Cameron (Head Coach) Front Row Left to Right: Donna King (Asst Coach), Corisa Iron, Danene King, Tiffany Oakes, Kara Pooyak,, Michelle Mitsuing, Jessica Lamaiqre, Jennifer Hug Ii, Tamara Desjarlais Saskatchewan Indian 20 �G80RGeoftheReseRVe ____________ -Aaah ... '" Hao -re Ger 'RtP OF- \T .. E\leR'{T1Me 1 oPeNeo L\Ke 21 Fall2002 ,T,, reL, tt ieeRNaTTNG-/ _ ----1 �.., ��,, �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian Magazine Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970/2011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1970/2011 Description An account of the resource The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Magazine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian, vol. 32, no. 3 (Fall 2002) Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Description An account of the resource Contents: 15th Annual Treaty Four Gathering Getting bigger and better every year Ray McCallum painter, dancer and songwriter Saving Mistaseni, remembering a Cree sacred site Living the Music, Saskatchewan recording companies making their mark 2002 Saskatchewan First Nations Cultural Celebration and Pow Wow Program Journalism Training, INCA Summer Institute 2002 Dreams of Gold, a scholarship begins a new journey for Shaylynn Pewapisconias. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 2002 Buffalo Child Stone First Nations Artists Ray McCallum Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian Magazine Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970/2011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1970/2011 Description An account of the resource The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian, vol. 28, no. 3 (Fall 1998) Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Description An account of the resource Contents: Entitlement Chiefs Honored The Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (FSIN) executive along with conference coordinators and FSIN staff, honored 6 First Nations for their completion of Treaty Land Entitlement (TLE) shortfall acres. By: Saskatchewan Indian Fall 1998 New CIBC Reserve Branch A Success Since June 10, 1998, Aboriginal people on the La Ronge reserve have been able to deposit and withdraw funds, make investments, and negotiate loans, all without traveling into town. The Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce's (CIBC) newest reserve branch is the fifth of its kind in Canada. By: Saskatchewan Indian Fall 1998 Filming Of Big Bear On Pasqua First Nation Inspires Community And Young Film-Makers By: Neil Pasqua Fall 1998 Indian Culture, Beliefs And Spirituality Our spirituality is worthy of respect. Perhaps it is time that we reclaim our rich heritage of traditions, culture and spirituality. We need to know where we have been to really know the path we should choose in the years ahead. By reclaiming what is ours by birth-right, we can march proudly into the future. By: Gary Arcand Fall 1998 Artists Create Vivid Images Of Nature In Saskatchewan By: Saskatchewan Indian Fall 1998 Aboriginal Teen Bikes Across Canada By: Saskatchewan Indian Fall 1998 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1998 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Pasqua, Neil Arcand, Gary Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1998 Culture First Nations Artists Treaty Land Entitlement https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25945/archive/files/01a1fff1d816c4f99f34a6d6ebd4b227.pdf?Expires=1779926400&Signature=gBrfJROne906N9RZdka3Y6bFPHQIhBJEnglCtOqt3-KEdQMQ9oaW5X6eWPLLfC7cJ%7EVWIJK2W%7EQBve7Yo0rVvFHszO2d8DYQIxxmxAsUKgy5gkWLE9WvQ7T%7E6OUArozIQrHFAavDKRLEHAfEDUVa2Hz7hHXmtIEmlnSIs1QSK-SHRnyAfIgrLADsl1ZEx4sXgYpLLw7WRVnt%7E%7Eh-DIxJYKF%7EMZFaL%7ExcHN3YdsOxMJpXLIVoNwo20ykf6DYm7bRptw25JmbT-gIKcKqjyerd0g8tFA3mINgGX48h099yMPQMGkJFqY1-6o2DI5xsfgk9dn4a6qgi%7EkGiOLU4l893nA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 6f8aaf29899db6b0d37463c2e1a0c6c6 PDF Text Text L/7#'/ The Saskatchewan e Chief Thunderchild e CT • �MONTHS OF THE YEAR beautiful part of the fall season. Nature is in all her change to many colours. The remains of choke cherries, and picked before a heavy frost destroys them. Sometimes the Indians visit to distant relatives of other clans before winter sets in. The madeone lst cranbeisare glory. Leavs This month is the huntig men ar flying birds are south, the air is cooler, the children do not swim anymore. The ducks and geese. It is the mating season of the animals. N.OCIHTOWI SEPTEMBER MATING MO �The Saskatchewan Indian magazine is the official monthly publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians (FSI). THe editorial offices are located The Official of Saskatchewan Indians Monthly Publication of the Federation at 1114 Central Avenue, Prince Albert, Saskatchewan S6V 5T2. The magazine a has Second Class Registration, Number 2795 and an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) 0048-9204. The news magazine is in­ VOLUME 9, NUMBER 9 tended 'to serve as an effective com­ munication vehicle for Indian opinion in the province of Saskatchewan. Since the magazine represents divergent views from Indians in this province, signed ar­ ticles and opinions are the views of the individuals concerned and not necessarily those of the Federation. Submit all materials for publication to the Editor-in-Chief, The Saskatchewan Indian, 1114 Central Avenue, Prince Albert, Saskatchwan S6V 5T2, before the 30th of each month for publication the following month. EDITORIAL BOARD Sol Sanderson Cliff Starr Doug Cut hand DIRECTOR of COMMUNICATIONS Alex Greyeyes 244-1146 EDITOR-in-CHIEF Louise Cuthand STAFF REPORTERS Ruth Ahenakew Saskatoon District 764-3411 Archie King North Battleford District 445-6126 Keshane Danny York ton District 696-2428 Lyla Lavallee File Hills-Qu' Appelle District 949-5666 Florence Poorman Prince Albert District 764-3411 SEPTEMBER 1979 -table of contentsEditorial . . . . N.I.B. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assembly . _. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 .. 3 .. . 8 Tapwe Gov't. Funds Arena Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 .. Band Makes Intentions Clear At Frog Portage Indian Resorts Now On The Upswing Farm Talk 10 Planting Program Successful 14 Viewpoint 4-H Report 16 Pen Pals 18 District Chiefs Me'etings Cultural Activities Williams Leaves Probation Program Friday First Hawaiian Visitor F.5.1. Personnel Step Down As Regina Office Phases Out Special Constables Program Letters To The Editor 19 12 13 17 ' 20 21 22 23 24 25 Group Art Show Excites Interest In Vancouver 26 Indian Economic Action Council Meets 29 Policy New Federal School For Little Red River Mic Mac Students 30 In Waterhen 31 Enjoy Stay Library Department Report (S.I.c.q Employment Opportunities Peavine Rangers Win 1979 Fastball Title Sports Commentary Traditional Games Mark Signing OfTreaty 6 Unusual Events Create Spectator Interest Canoe Lake Picks Winners In Variety Of Contests 32 34 40 43 44 " 47 48 Gordon Bands Hosts Summer Games 49 Sam Waskewitch Meadow Lake District 236-5654 PRODUCTION Arts Department Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College Graphic RADIO Robert Merasty Producer 764-3411 244-1146 - Lawrence Weenie Announcer IReporter Our front cover shows an early photograph of Chief Thunderchild, publicly taken shortly after the adhesion of his band to Treaty #6. Our back cover shows a bit of the colour of this year's Thunderchild Pow­ Wow. The photos are courtesy of the Thunderchild double-album project in a high quality recordin ,Jbe,drltl4lrpfr� p. w_hich will so�n 1\ � t\ 1-\ I L, M t. singers attending In 1979. r�sult s. Page I, PROVINCIAL LIBRARY �Indian Health Advancement Must Stem From Indian Foundation. For the past year there has been a running battle between National Health and Welfare and the Indian people. That battle now appears to be over. For years the unofficial policy of the government had been to terminate Indian treaty rights to Indian Health. At first it was by transferring Health Services to Medicare with the resulting termina­ tion of Indian Hospitals and finally it was through the termination of the so-called uninsured Health Services. The situation was at a stand-off until the government changed hands. Now it appears that the government and the minister, Mr. Crombie in particular seem prepared to meet their obligations and pursue a policy of Indian involvement. To illustrate the governments new attitude the following is a statement issued for new the ministers office. The Federal Indian Health policy is based on the special relationship of the Indian people to the Federal Government, a relationship which both the Indian people and the Government are committed to preserving. It recognizes the circumstances under which many Indian communities exist, which have placed Indian at a people grave disadvantage compared to most other Canadians in terms of health, as in other ways. Policy for federal programs for Indian people, (of which the health policy is an aspect), flows from constitutional and statutory provisions, treaties and customary prac­ tice. It also flows from the commitment of Indian people to preserve and enhance their culture and traditions. It recognizes the intolerable conditions of poverty and community decline which affect many Indians, and seeks a framework in which Indian communities can remedy these conditions. The Federal Government recognizes its legal and traditional responsibilities to Indians, and seeks to promote the ability of Indian communities to pursue their aspirations within the framework of Canadian institutions. The Federal Government's Indian health policy reflects these features in its ap­ proach to programs for Indian people. The over-riding fact from which the policy stems is the intolerably low level of health of many Indian people, who exist under conditions rooted in poverty and community decline. The Federal Government realizes that only In­ dian communities themselves can change these root causes and that' to do so will require the wholehearted support of the larger Canadian community. This increasing level of health in Indian communities must be built on three pillars. The first, and most significant, is community development, both socio-economic development and cultural and spiritual development, to remove the conditions of poverty and apathy which prevent the members of the community from achieving a state of physical, mental and social well-being. The second pillar is the traditional relationship of the Indian people to the Federal Government, in which the Federal Government serves as advocate of the interests of In­ dian communities to the larger Canadian society and its institutions, and promotes the capacity of Indian communities to achieve their aspirations. This relationship must be strengthened by opening up communication with the Indian people and by encouraging their greater involvement in the planning, budgetting and delivery of health progress. The third pillar is the Canadian health system. This system is one of specialized and inter-related elements, which may be the responsibility of federal, provincial or municipal governments, Indian bands, or the private sector. But these divisions are superficial in the light of the health system as a whole. The most significant federal roles in this interdependent system, are in public health activities on reserves, health promo­ tion, and the detection and mitigation of hazards to health in the environment. The most significant provincial and private roles are in the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic disease and in the rehabilitation of the sick. Indian communities have a signifi­ cant role to play in health promotion, and in the adaptation of health services delivery to the specific needs of their community. Of course, this does not exhaust the many com­ plexities of the system. The Federal Government is committed to maintaining an active role in the Canadian health system as it affects Indians. It is committed to encouraging provinces to maintain their role and to filling gaps in necessary diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitative services. It is committed to promoting the capacity of Indian communities to play an active, more positive role in the health system and in decisions affecting their health. These three pillars of community development, the traditional relationship of the Indian people to the Federal Government, and the inter-related Canadian health system provide the means to end the tragedy of Indian ill-health in Canada. Page 2 ��------�----���������-MONTREAL THE SETTING FOR NJ.B. GENERAL ASSEMBLY Delegates to national - N.I.B. 1979 tional crisis, the NIB embarked on a historic mission of 300 chiefs and respected elders to England on July, 1979. Mr. Starblanket said "there is now no question that Indian constitutional and aboriginal rights will be debated in the British "We have in this country a constitutional crisis. We have always had a constitutional crisis, because it is a country founded on a myth a lie", said Noel Starblanket, President of the National Indian Brotherhood. He was addressing the 10th Annual General Assembly held in Montreal on September 18, 19 and 20th. "The larger society would have the world believe that French and English were the founding peoples of Canada and that these two peoples have a divine right; a white man's burden, or a manifest destiny to take our lands resources and determine our future for us," said Starblanket. "What they are doing is carving up the rights, interests and inherent sovereignty of original people of Canada." The National Indian Brotherhood, which represents 300,000 Indian people who receive federal government benefits and are protected by the Indian Act, withdrew from negotiations with the Liberal government on amendments to the Act until the Brotherhood received full recognition in the debate on constitutional - should this government attempt to move a constitutional amendment package." "The Clark Government, Mr. Starblanket said, waited until we were in England to write us of its unclear constitutional agenda and its of Indian intentions convoluted parliament participation." Mr. Starblanket said there is every indication that the Progressive Conservative government will move to unilaterally change the Indian Act particularly Section 12 (1) B. This section of the Indian Act states that if an Indian woman marries a white man she and her children lose the benefits of Indian status. While the NIB is not in favour of its discriminatory section, they will oppose any move by white politicians in the federal government to impose a new definition of Indian status on the Indian people. Starblanket said "unless we are accepted as full and on going partners in the Canadian Constitutional process, the BNA Act patriawill be b�ocked." proces.s We WIll not rest l� peace �nttl we are acas full partners in Canadian Confedera- change. The Indian people want their rights entrenched in a new constitution. They are loosely protected by the present BNA Act and are ruled by the Indian Act. In an act of political will on the constituiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii policy making body tio� cepted U � 11 on. . (con t inued) Page 3 �development, the traditional rela­ tionship of the Indian people to the Federal government, and a single Crombie Announces New Federal Policy For Indian Health inter-related Canadian health system consisting of Federal, pro­ vincial and community based elements. With respect to registered Indians residing. permanently off-reserve, Health Minister, Dave Crombie recently announced a new federal policy for Indian Health which removes the guidelines introduced by the former Liberal government. the policy reiterates that they should receive health services from the Pro­ vince or municipality of residence. But if such services are denied, the federal government will attempt to ensure their provision. Former Health Minister Monique Begin under the Liberal government had set guidelines for uninsured The policy emphasizes increased participation of Indian bands in Health Care delivery, where sought by Chief and council and provides for close consultation at Band, Pro­ health services such as eye care, den­ tal work, drugs and transportation. This meant that the federal govern­ ment would pay the cost of services only for those Indian people who could not afford them. These P.c. Health Minister Crombie guidelines were temporarily suspended when there was a cry of protest from Indian leaders from across The special Health rights in accordance with the Treaty Indian people based on the three pillars 'Of community Canada. new policy recognizes the " D.I.A. Minister cannot as the constitucountry, but, as many of you realize, this will be a lengthy process and the pressing social and economic problems of our people wait so Epp long." we will conmake administrative arrangements to devolve programs to Band governments at their own request. We will continue towards the development of Indian managed District Centres to replace department district offices." On the subject of the Indian Act, "In the meantime tinue responsive to your concern that Indian people be represented in a profundamental 1979. Chiefs for their views on the process and contents of sections under review and proposed revisions. "You are clearly in a good posi­ tion to say what restraints in the pre­ sent act exist and how they might be revised to better allow you to achieve your objectives of effective Indian government at the Band level. He said the whole issue of membership revisions is tied to both the development and legalization of Indian Government. "This is something which has yet to be fully debated and resolved by the Indian Decentralization our September 19, Epp said he has reviewed pro­ gress to date and has asked all the Honourable Jake Epp, Minister of Indian Affairs told the annual assembly of the National Indian Brotherhood that the Progressive Conservative government is com­ mitted to continuing the process of Constitutional renewal which was begun by the First Ministers at their conference in Ottawa in February. He said the latest reflection of their committment is the Prime Minister's personal interest in the involvement of Indian people. The Executive Council of NIB were invited to a meeting and lunch on September 28th in Ottawa to discuss the constitution. The Minister said "This government understands and will be tion of on Mr. Jake Epp .Speaks On Constitution, cess so vincial and National levels on health programs, finances and allocation of resources. Crombie's announcement came in a telegram to the National Indian Brotherhood meeting in Montreal . to communities themselves. The Minister said extensive work has been completed on proposals to include Indian government in the first round of amendments to the Indian Act. He reiterated his own committment and that of the Prime Minister to moving forward with amendments on membership. Referring to the theme for the assembly, "Let us put our minds together and see what life we will make for our the children," Minister said it reflects the priorities that he wants to pursue today. He ------�--�����--�--�----��� Page 4 �said "We must be clear that we are talking about improvements for the present generation. I am today's Minister and you and your children rightly expect us to make it possible for your yourselves to achieve a higher standard of living." The Minister said his department is assessing each of the Indian pro­ grams for effectiveness in terms of results. "There will be changes, that I can promise you. But equally I want to assure you that emphasis will be placed on those social and economic problems of most concern to the Indian people. I know, for ex­ ample, that the vast majority of the Indian people are as sad as I am to see $146.8 million spent on welfare assistance type programs. We must generate economic development if we are to run around that appalling statistic. He went on to say that the success of economic development, indeed that success of all the priorities rests in the final analysis on the active participation of the local people themselves. "It will be a central priority of mine to ensure that the bands and chiefs are properly con­ sulted, that they have an opportuni­ ty to contribute their first hand knowledge of their local conditions and that where necessary they will be assisted with expert advice. I am a member of a government that believes strongly in respecting the wishes of the communities of our nation. Let me assure you that we apply the same standard to local In­ dian communities as well as all other, the Minister said. Minister of Indian Affairs, Jake Epp concluded by saying "As a government, we will not be able to rectify all past wrongs, but I expect, and will work towards, making this an historic landmark in Indian Government relations in Canada." " " BNA" Act Must Safeguard Indian Rights S ays B n·t·IS h MP MONTREAL British MPs will "embarass the hell out of the Canadian government" if it tries to bring home the British North America Act without safeguarding Indian rights, - .sa.y.s.L.a.b.o.r.M.p B.ru.c.e.G.e.o.r.ge .. Lord and Lady Grey - returning the visit. "Plenty of MPs were amazed to England still has respon­ sibility over treaties signed with the Indians," George said in an in­ find that tervew. "We didn't ask for that respon­ and was handed down many MPs are prepared to make a stink over it." Most of the treaties involving In­ dians were agreements between the British government and Indian na­ tions before Confederation. The contract between the Indians sibility. It ... government recently announced that native groups, which had previously been held to observer status, would have increased par­ ticipation but refused to elaborate on the mechanism. But that move came after 250 In­ dian chiefs made the much publiciz­ ed trip to England in July to ask the Queen and the British government to block patriation of the constitution. (continued) and the British government was altered by transferring jurisdiction of Indians and Indian lands to Canada in 1867 without the consent of native peoples, George said. The BNA Act the Canadian con­ is British legislation and stitution patriation of it can take place only by an act of the British Parliament. George and Lord Grey were here at the National Indian as guests Brotherhood's annual meeting. The brotherhood represents the country's 300,000 status Indians who receive benefits under federal - - legislation. WANT PARTICIPATION Indians and other native groups, which total about 1.5 million peo- ple, have rejected the two-nations founding theory in Canada and want direct, on-going participation in constitutional talks. The Progressive _� Bruce Conservative George, M.P. Ii Page 5 �! ! T! h! e! Q! !u! ee!!n! ,! !on!! a! d! v! ic! e! ! f! ro! m! ! t! h! e! ! ! ! H! o! u! se!! !O! f! L! o! r! dS.'I ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! , ! w! ! e! la! i! d! t! h! e! f! o! u! n! d! at! i! o! n! f! o! r! c! o! n. Canadian cabinet, refused to meet the Indian delegation but the chiefs were officially received by British MPs and representatives from the Noel Starblanket, brotherhood president, told the annual meeting that "we did meet with the who hold the real power." people tinuing liaison with these important men and women tional rights." on Indian constitu- YOUTH ACHIEVER AWARDS CREDIT YOUNG PEOPLE Provincial recipients of award at special gathering. Ma. garet Laroque and Cameron Jack from Saskatchewan were two of the 20 recipients of the Young Indian Achiever A wards presented by the National Indian Brotherhood during their annual assembly held in Montreal, September 18, 19, and 20th. The awards were initiated at the 1978 General Assembly in Fredericton, New Brunswick, public recognition for outstanding contributions made to Indian life by various Indian youth as a means of giving . . Each Provincial and Territorial Organization which is an NIB member chooses two deserving young people age 16-21, for the Young Indian Achievers Awards. These young people have exhibited leadership abilities and academic prowess and have displayed high integrity in their community involvement. Above all they have indicated a spirit of dedication to Indian principles and have enhanced traditional Indian values. At the 1978 sessions in Fredericton, NIB President Noel Starblanket insisted that young Indian people be represented at NIB general assemblies. HIt is most important that the future leaders of the Indian people be given the opportunity to observe first hand their current leaders in action. It is extremely valuable for these young people to familiarize themselves with the key issues their leaders must grapple with in their efforts to improve the condition of Indian life in Canada", said Mr. Starblanket. The twenty young Indian Achievers were flown from their home provinces spending a week in Montreal atten­ ding various functions in their honor. They attended morning dedication ceremonies, a luncheon with the NIB Presi­ dent as well as a general assembly luncheon which was held in their honour. James Rossfrom Northwest Territories speaking on behalf of the Achievers said that he was proud to be one of recipients of this award and complimented NIB for getting the young people involved. He said "this type of activi­ ty where we are recognized as future leaders will really help us to develop more maturally. the " ---Paae6 �·U ... _ �belongs to a Youth Club which helps out at bingos. belongs to the Thunderchild hockey club and soccer club. EDUCATION: She spent her early years in various residential schools and graduated from Carpenter High in Meadow Lake in 1977. That year she won a scholarship from the Saskat­ chewan Indian Teachers' Federa­ - - was also a member of Turtleford Army Cadets and - honours. was - tion. College. College. - - NAME: Margaret Laroque AGE: 21 years old a Cree from AREA: She is Waterhen Lake, Saskatchewan PERSONAL: In the summer of 1973 she worked in Band Office the doing secretarial work. In the summer of 1974 she organiz­ She received her Certificate in Social Work in May of 1979, and was chosen as the Class Valedic­ torian at graduation. She is presently in her 3rd year of the Indian Social Work Education Program, and is working towards a degree in Social Work. - She has won numerous awards in - academic elementary and junior High schools. She was vice-president of the United Native Students Associa­ tion in Saskatoon and fought the - a Manpower Program (Oppor­ tunity for Youth) at the Wathern ed E-12 Policy. at the Waterhen - Reserve. In the summer of 1975 she worked in the area of conservation at Prince Albert National Park. In the summer of 1976 she worked with a summer student program at - - Her goal is - - - involved counselling in the area of alcoholism and rehabilitation. - - - - wow lawyer. - - In the summer of '1978 she worked with the Junior Federation of Saskatchewan Indians for the North Battleford District dealing with Indian Government and Youth Development. In the summer of 1979 she ad­ ministered a summer youth pro­ gram at Waterhen Reserve. Her job also involved researching the history of the reserve and develop­ ing it in the school curriculum for the Waterhen School. She was also involved with a four month practicum at the Bonnyville Indian Metis Rehabilitation Centre in Bonnyville, Alberta. Her work NAME: Cameron Jack AGE: 18 AREA: employed - - to become a Waterhen Reserve. In the summer of 1977 she ad­ ministered and organized a sum­ mer student program and did odd jobs at the reserve. She worked along with the Band Ad­ ministrator. - as a Land Entitle­ Assistant. also worked at the Thunderchild School. has been interested in the pow­ wow since he was very small. very interested in his Indian culture and usually listens to elders speak of our Indian way of life. attends all kinds of Indian ceremonies such as sundances, round dances, and the sweat lodge. EDUCATION: Grade 12 graduate of Turtleford School. ACHIEVEMENTS: has won quite a few trophies for dancing and can also sing pow­ also ment songs. FUTURE: FUTURE: tunity for Youth) work in last three summer for ·the years. - - ACHIEVEMENTS: - employed for Thunderchild In 1977 she enrolled in the Indian social Work Education Program at the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural - the won Cree from plans to finish Junior College in Weyburn Christian College. plans to enter the University of Saskatchewan where he will be tak­ ing Arts and Science. plans to go back to his reserve after he finishes training and try to help his reserve. Indian Association of Alberta will be hosting the 1980 N.I.B. General Assembly Thunderchild Reserve in Saskatchewan PERSONAL: hobbies are dancing pow-wow and - playing guitar. - - he is very active in sports. is very active on his reserve and Page 7 �T A PW E by Doug Cuthand It's a whole new ball game in Ottawa. The sixteen reign of the Liberals has been replaced by the minority government of the Tories. After the dust settled on midnight, May 22nd, there were 137 Conservatives left standing against H5 Liberals, 26 N.D.P. and 6 Creditists. But since Then Don Jamieson, the former Liberal External Af fairs Minister, quit and and ran for Premier of New­ year foundland and lost. Then John Diefenbaker from Prince' Albert passed away. By-elections in these two constituencies have been called for November 19th. The pundits are predicting Jamieson's seat will go Tory but Prince Albert is in doubt, the N.D.P. could emerge victorious. Most recently the Conservative have strengthened their position by recruiting Richard Janaelle from the ranks of the Creditists and appointing former Liberal Speaker James Jerome as speaker of the House. This is the first time in history that a member of the' op­ position will sit as House speaker. It's a hard honor to turn down and in the end it will deprive the Liberals of one vote. Rumors are flying that more Creditists and possibly Liberals will cross the floor of the House. If the Conservatives and Creditists side together against the Liberals and NDP, the government will have 142 votes to the other side 139. But this is before the by-election so each side could pick up one seat: This means that in the next little while a lot of at­ tention will be focused on Prince Albert. Youcan ex­ pect to see money being dumped in the constituency, the way it was dumped into the Newfoundland pro­ vincial election last summer. We can expect to see airport expansion in Prince Albert along with other programs and capital pro­ jects. There are 12 bands and 20 reserves in P .A. Constituency with a population of 9,025, which con­ stitutes a fairly sizeable chunk of the electorate, so now is the time to expect some action on long over­ due problems and some handsome election promises. In fact, if it turns out to be a horse race between the NDP and Conservatives, then the Indian vote could be the deciding factor. This time the candidates support for Indian Issues is crucial. But what about the members that are elected? How do we stand within the grand scene of things? The Conservative party consists of a fairly broad spectrum of political thought from the right wing of Sinclair Stevens to the so called Red Tories such as Flora MacDonald. And Prime Minister Joe Clark has the unenviable job of pulling this motley group together. When the chiefs made the trip to England this spring he appeal­ ed to the right wing and denied us access to the Queen. Later on in the summer after the Com­ monwealth Prime Minister conference in Zambia he stated that Canada had some "racist" legislation that had to be corrected. He vowed to deal with the In­ dian Act and the so called "discriminatory" clauses possibly Page 8 against Indian women. He later qualified that by tell­ ing the Indian leadership that he would not make unilateral changes without Indian involvement. The ministers that will impact most directly on In­ dians are Jake Epp, Minister of Indian Affairs, David Crombie, National Health and Welfare and David MacDonald, Secretary of State and Com­ munications Minister. The Cabinet is divided into two groups, the inner and the outer cabinet. The inner cabinet is where the major policy decisions will be made while the outer cabinet will handle operations. David MacDonald on the inner Cabinet is the chairman for the social and Native Affairs Commit­ tee which includes Epp and Crombie. It is this com mlttee that will decide the fate of Indian Issues within the cabinet. For example, when David Crombie developed his new policy for Indian Health Services, he had to present it to the Social and Native Affairs Committee and get their approval before it could go to the inner cabinet for approval. It's a good system if Indian people can address the issues before the committee and also if the committee remains power­ ful. What is bad is the shift in emphasis from Indian Affairs to Social and Native Affairs. We are treated either as a social problem or a racial problem, but not recognized as a special and separate entity under the treaties and Indian Government. We therefore have a lot of lobbying to do to make the new government recognize Indian Government. Our Inner Cabinet Minister, David MacDonald is 43 years old and has a history of being active in social issues. He is regarded as a "red tory" or a left lean­ ing Conservative. He was first elected to the House in 1965 and re-elected in 68, 72, 74, 79. His record of socially progressive policies and his openess has over the years made him to be considered one of Ottawa's most popular and active M.P. 's His appointment as Secretary of State and Chairman of the Social and Native Affairs Committee has been looked on as a positive move by most Indian leaders. Jake Epp leads up Indian Affairs and Northern Development portfolio and surprised everyone with his appointment. After his name was announced, the Indian leadership went scrambling to find out just who this guy was. Jake comes from the Provencher riding in southern Manitoba and has 9 bands in his constituen­ cy. He was first elected to the House in 1972 and relected in 74 and 79. His political experience has been mainly centered on local committees and the standing Committees of Agriculture, Economic ex­ pansion and Manpower and Immigration. He is 40 years old. But when it comes to dealing with Indian con­ cerns, in spite of the large number of reserves in his constituency, he has had very little experience. The Rosseau River Band has been conducting a school boycott in favour of a school on their reserve. To date, Epp has made no progress in settling this issue in his own backyard. He has also demonstrated �" r his willingness to approve white local governments at the expense of Indian governments. He met with the local school board in the Rosseau River instance but not the band. He also met with the Mayor of Prince Albert over the Prince Albert Student Residence land transfer issue, but he has yet to meet with the chief of the Peter Ballantyne Band. So far Jake Epp has not distinguished himself as an able Minister but after all he's brand new. David Crombie, the Minister of National Health and Welfare, on the other hand has made significant progress since he was appointed. Those infamous Health guidelines are dropped and an era of Con­ sultation has begun. David Crombie 1974-78 and served was as a Mayor of Toronto from progressive smart politician. "the tiny During this time he became known as Perfect Mayor." He is 43 years old. David Crombie has impressed Indian leaders with his frank and open policy of dealing with the issues "up front" by meeting and listening to the people. It is hoped that during his tenure as minister significant be made in the Indian Health program. a notch, the Deputy Ministers have been shuffled as well. Art Kroeger, the deputy minister of Indian Affairs is now Deputy Minister of Transport. I hope he can get the grain moving, he certainly didn't move the Indians. The new Deputy is Paul Tellier, formerly with the Unity Task Force and Deputy Secretary to the Cabinet and Co-ordinator of the Federal/Provincial Relations office. Tellier has a long history of serving in the- civil service beginning back in 67 when he was the Executive Assistant to the progress can Moving down \.. Minister of Energy, Mines and Resources. So far none of his experience has directly involved Indian people but the word around Ottawa is that he is one sharp bureaucrat and he will be for the Indian program. Meanwhile over in a definite plus Tunney's Pasture, Bruce Rawson has left National Health and Welfare and new Social Planning department under MacDonald. David gone to the His replacement is Miss Pamela A. McDougall who comes to National Health & Welfare from the Tarris Board. Crombie admits that she has no ex­ perience in Health, but this could also be seen as an asset has she does not have any pre-determined pre­ judice. So far changes have been made further down service, although rumors persist. Over at no in the civil Wellington, the Indian Affairs ADM's remain but they are too busy looking over their shoulders. There are four ADM's now leading Indian Affairs. The gang of four consists of: Rod Brown in charge of Operations, Cam Mackie is in charge of Planning, Brian Veinot is in charge of Finance and Hugette Labelle in charge of Policy. On the other side, the Liberals have appointed 10 Indian Affairs Critic. 'On a re­ phoned Allmand's office and he answered his own phone. How the mightly have fallen! Warren Allmand cent trip to as Ottawa, we Over in the NDP camp, Rod Murphy replaces Wally Firth as Indian Affairs Critic. 'Rod is from the Churchill constituency and beat out Cecil Smith in the last election. The Churchill constituency includes 19 band and a total Indian population of 18,027. So the committee city has a whole new book. The names have changed, but the policies remain the same. The next few months should be very interesting indeed. � Provincial Government Funds Arena Construction for Redberry recently Banda M.L.A. Band with a che­ Indian Mistawasis the presented que in the amount of $18,775.00. The Department of Culture & Youth provides grant monies to the local governments for the development of recreation and cultural facilities. funds will go "that the Banda stated, Mr. Dennis the construction of the covered Hockey Arena on the reserve." Mr. Banda congratulated the Chief and Band Council as well as the members of the reserve for taking the initiative to take down the old arena in Shellbrook, and cut lumber for towards repair and build the new structure for the people on the Reserve. The initiative of this Band shows that if the peo­ ple co-operate and work together with some govern­ ment assistance, that positive accomplishments can be the result for recreation facilities for years to come. - Mistawasis Band for the congratulate they are doing to provide services for their people," Mr. Banda said. "I work the Ivan Daniels accepts the cheque on behalf of the Mistawasis Band Council. Making the presentation is Den­ nis Banda on behalf of the provincial government. Page 9 �BAND MAKES INTENTIONS CLEAR AT FROG PORTAGE During the Labour Day weekend, September 1 st to 3rd, the Peter Ballantyne Band Council and approx­ . imately 100 members of the Band held a land selection workshop and conducted a preliminary survey at the new Frog Portage Reserve. This action was taken following an earlier Band Council decision, at which time this statement was released: "Throughout this century the Peter Ballantyne Band has attempted to establish Reserves on the Missinipi and Reindeer Rivers under the terms of Treaty #6 between the Band and the Government of Canada. These efforts have in the past failed, despite the clear Treaty and Con­ stitutional obligations that Canada has to ensure that the Band retains ownership of some of its aboriginal lands. In 1976 agreement was reached between the Federal and Provincial Governments and the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians to resolve the outstanding Treaty Indian land entitlement of Saskatchewan Indian Bands. Peter Ballantyne Band is one of 15 Saskatchewan Bands recognized as having entitlement under Treaty provi­ sions. As a result of this agreement the Peter Ballantyne Band began the planning and selection of new Reserve land selection Page 10 workshop before historical event: lands. The total amount of land entitlement to be fulfill­ ed is approximately 250,000 acres. On November 23rd, 1977 the Band selected a number of Reserves on the Missinipi and Reindeer Rivers which is part of the traditional homeland of the Peter Ballantyne Band. These lands are unoccupied Provincial Crown Lands in Northern Saskatchewan. Despite numerous discussions with Federal and Pro­ vincial officials and politicians, no movement on the transfer of these approximately 35,000 acres of unoc­ cupied Provincial Crown Lands has been made. Since there has been no commitment by the Province to transfer these lands the Peter Ballantyne Band Coun­ cil decided on August 10, 1979 to proceed with its own preliminary survey of these lands. The purpose of this survey work is to establish the Band's legitimate presence and right to these lands." The survey was restricted to the Frog Portage selec­ tion (Athikisipichikan-Paskotinow-Nitowagan which comprises approximately 10,000 acres) where 200 yard boundary lines were cut back from the water's edge at each place where the boundary intersects with the shoreline. Also signs and rock monuments were erected to inform everyone using the waterway that this area was new Reserve land of the Peter Ballantyne Band. Frog Portage, September 2, 1979. �Chief Joe Custer in advising the Province and the Federal government of this action made the following statement to the Minister of Indian Affairs, Jake Epp; the Minister responsible for Treaty Land Entitlement, Ted Bowerman; and the Minister of Northern Saskat­ Jerry Hammersmith: "This action was taken in order to make our posi­ tion clear to all parties concerned: The Frog Portage Reserve and the other selections on the Missinipi and Reindeer Rivers are Indian lands of the Peter Ballantyne Band. The selection of these unoccupied Provincial Crown Lands are clearly within our right under the land chewan, entitlement terms of Treaty #6. We of course recognize that various laws have been enacted since the signing of Treaty #6 which limit our Treaty land entitlement rights within Canadian law. Therefore, the concurrence of the Provincial and FederalGovernments is required before these lands will have the legal status of Reserves of the Peter Ballantyne Band under Canadian law. However, despite these legal and political realities there is a greater reality; the homeland which has been for thousands of years and which was intended to continue to be Indian land within the spirit and meaning of Treaty. It is with respect to this greater reality that we chose to clearly establish our presence and commitment in the eyes of non-Indian governments by cutting lines and erecting signs. Frog Portage was chosen as the site to be surveyed first because in a very real way it symbolizes the heart of our wikenan-aski; the portage is across the height of land between the two major drainage systems and the Sturgeon-Weir/Saskatchewan River system. We plan to continue these preliminary surveys on the other Missinipi-Reindeer River selections in the near ours future. As we stated earlier, our commitment to these lands compels us to take this action; however, it remains for the Provincial and Federal Governments to take the ap­ propriate action to establish these lands as Reserves of the Peter Ballantyne Band under Canadian law. We urge your government to proceed with this matter im­ " mediately. Representatives from the Prince Albert District Chiefs, Montreal Lake and Lac La Ronge Bands were also in attendance at Frog Portage. As well, other land entitlement Bands expressed their support, including a telegram of encouragement from the Chief of the Little Pine Band. . I (continued)I every Thursday night 7:00 P.M. a jackpot can be won so many numbers, 11 other cash games within plus refreshments sold also .ponored by Ihe Monlrea' Lake Recreallon C'ub Pelican Narrows Head Councillor/Assistant Chief Thomas Ballantyne inspects a stone monument. Page 11 �bear claw Indian Resorts Now On The Upswing musical group is now available to play for special occasions, concerts, and dances. Music as you like it a - rock, fiddle, country. Good variety. Reasonable rates. For tion more informa­ call, Lloyd Brass, manager, at 542-2694 in Kamsack. . One of the survey crews, lett to right: J. B. Dorion, Peter Brook (land selection co-ordinator), Ron Michel (band councillor), Napoleon Michel, Tom Ballantyne (band councillor), and Horace Sewap (land selection field worker). The Association of Saskatchewan Indian Resorts held a general board meeting at the Jim Kytowayhat -Memorial Centre in Loon Lake on August 14, 1979. Back in February of 1979, six bands in Saskatchewan were in­ terested in setting up tourist resorts on reserves which are located near lakes. The project proposes to make people aware of progress taking place in Indian tourism and economic development. Founding members and resort management personnel were at hand to discuss new business and progress reports of each establishment. Chief Leon Cataract of Tumor Lake (which is located 57 miles' north of Buffalo Narrows) presented a report on behalf of Zander Lake Outfitters. Chief Cataract stated that an audit is be-' ing done by Jack McDonald of Price Waterhouse Company of Saskatoon. Therefore operations of the resort is at a standstill pending the results of the audit. Mr. Hilliard McNabb, chairman of ASIR, extended an invitation to Zander Lake Outfitters to join ASIR. Chief Cataract accepted and further negotiations will take place in the future for this Northern resort. Chief Roy Mitsuing of Loon Lake and Advisor for Makwa Lake Resort presented his report on in­ creased fees of leased lots, which have risen from $85.00 to $340.00 per annum. Jules Okimow, President of Makwa Lake Development Com pany submitted a paper requesting that $6,961.00 be decentralized to Makwa Lake Resort for Advertising and to finance a tour of the three Southern Resorts. Promotion through the use of slides is one idea, presented by Margaret Lange, Ac­ ting Co-ordinator for ASIR. Later in the day, Chief Ray Mit­ suing provided a tour of Makwa Lake Resort for the visiting delegates, who proclaimed it an ex­ cellent place to visit. Facilities in­ clude cabins, lots for sale, boat ren­ tals, docks and a well-supplied .. land selection Page 12 crew cuts clear line as part of survey. �feet apart. store. Mr. Ken Thomas, the Chamakese Resort near Chitek Lake, reported that lot fees have in­ creased $85.00 to $275.00 per an­ num, with a front load of $1 ,000.00. Although facilities at the resort are being up-graded, already available are boat launch, picnic grounds and changing rooms. Future im­ provements include electrical wiring of campgrounds and trailer sites, and construction of 2 rental cabins. Three years from now, plans call for and facilities to ac­ more cabins commodate trail rides. Band monies will be available to establish conces­ sion booths to be run by individual members. Mr. Thomas will assist in up a �rawing1980's. proposal for funding Also included in the 10 the to seek funds to are intentions plan train people in log-cabin building. Trainees will attend the world reknowned Alan Mackie School of in Lo.g. Construction Columbia. Prince George, British Chief McNabb discussed the Kinookimaw Beach project, located North of Regina. McNabb com­ mented on the financial situation of no major the. resort, stating that capital development has increased' ,; everything is breaking even. Facilities include the Clubhouse which is currently rented out for summer. The Ski-Club rents it in the . th� winter season. Last Oak Park Resort manager Tony Sparvier briefly commented on the financial situation which is investigation by DREE of Regional (Department Economics & Expansion). Although stable, financially, Last Oak Park is in need of repairs to the Ski-tow and golf course greens. One aspiration is to train personnel in under . mechanics and in other areas to maintain equipment in use on the resort. �ut�re plans call for building a hospitality Centre, although the government is restraining funding. Do�g Cuthand, F.S.1. Secretary contnbuted a few suggestions for the betterment of ASIR. Areas of consideration include the training of personnel, �e�ort VISItS to explore operation of other resorts throughout Canada, and the management be beneficial. Mr. Cuthand stressed the importance that Indian historical sites around the province be intensified and ac­ cessable to the public, U.S.A. FARM TALK representing may -SAM W ASKEWITCH with Art Irvine Shelter belts reduce home heating control snow drifting and costs, beautify home grounds. They pro­ tect gardens, soils, crops, livestock roads, buildings, and people. Tree seedlings are provided. free, except for delivery charges, to ' farmers and Indian Bands. Farmers wanting shelter belt trees should con­ tact their Agriculture Represen­ write directly to the Tree at Indian Head. Applica­ �ursery nons should be submitted as early as possible in the fall or winter of each tative, or year, and must be received before February 27 to ensure spring delivery. Each application must be signed by the applicant. The legal land location, acreage, purpose of plan­ ting and diagram of the planting site s�ould be included with the applica­ non, as well as the correct address for shipping. Trees are shipped in late April or early May and are the. nearest agriculture representative's office. No materia!' delivered to is available for commericial enter­ prises or private urban planting. Owners of small rural holdings of 1 are eligible for a or more acres limited variety of trees on a second priority basis. Two-year-old seedl­ elm, lilac, buffaloberry; chokecherr�, four or five-year-old pine and spruce plants; and rooted cuttings of poplar and willow are available from the P.F.R.A. Tree Nursery at ings of maple, caragana, and Indian Head. Topography, soil, drainage climate, and the purpose of th� shelterbelt determine which species should be used. Information should be acquired from an agricultural representative or the nursery, if trees are to be planted on soils which or forage crops. pro�uce poor cereal FIeld and roadside shelterbelts that run north-to-south provide the and encourage even both sides of the shelterbelt. Trees should be planted in single rows 660 feet apart. Hedges must be at least 125 feet from the center of municipal roads and 300 from the right-of-way of feet highways. Caragana and lilac should be planted two or three feet best protection melting on apart. Deciduous and coniferous trees should be planted six or eight Farmstead shelterbelts should have upwards of three rows of trees located at least 100 feet from the main buildings. Planting the outside to caragana at two-foot spac­ �ow mgs; the second row to green ash poplar, American elm, or Manitob� maple ��. eight-foot spacings; a third of Siberian elm or willow at to ten-foot spacings; and two additional rows' of spruce or pine at eight to ten-foot �taggered 50 feet from the main belt mgs 25 to beauty and good protec­ row eight spac: provide non. Chokecherry, willow, and poplar should replace caragana where moist conditions exist. Caragana, Siberian elm, green ash, spruce and Scots pine should be us­ ed where soil conditions are ex­ tremely dry. A single row of caragana or willow should be planted 50 to 100 feet outside the . Colorad� main shelterbelt in A snowtrap snowfall. to areas near the be effectively dugout .often Siberian sn?�trap �an utilized. provide a of heavy elm, caragana, Villosa lilac should be used where soil salinity is buffaloberry, a and problem. . The spacing between rows should be sufficient to allow tillage with field implements. The space should normally be slightly more than dou­ ble the width of the implement to be used. Land preparation is important. prior to plan­ killgrass and weeds and pro­ Summerfallow the site ting to vide moisture reserves. The soil should be free of clods and debris. Tree seedlings should be han-aied day of ar­ c�refully and planted thearound the nval. Dampen packing roots, rewrap and place in a cool, immediate plan­ area tmg IS not possible, If seedlings are s�ad�d w�en not planted within a week, dig a trench in moist soil and cover the roots with soil. Plant trees slightly deeper than they were in the nursery and pack the soil around the roots. Never let the roots planting. planting. dry out Water prior to or during immediately after cultivation is shallow after planting. Deep necessary cultivation damages the roots. Cultivated strips 10 to 20 feet wide on both sides of shelterbelt increase Very (continued) Page 13 �growth and decreases insect and disease problems. Pruning should be limited to removal of dead and broken b anches. Immediate replacement of trees that fail to sur­ vive is desirable. If 2, 4-D is used ad­ jacent to shelterbelts use only amine formulations with extreme caution. Avoid using wherever possible. Shelterbelts should be fenced for protection from livestock. Shelterbelts take a great deal of work and care but results can be rewarding. Details on shelterbelts are available free of charge at your nearest Agricultural Representative Office. Use this service. It has been provided for your convenience and benefit. Band Planting Program A Success In First Year There's plenty of proof that the first year of a new program to assist Indian Bands in the Yorkton District to plant gardens, landscape lots and generally improve their sur­ roundings, has been a success. Small gardens are springing up across the eight reserves involved in the program. Landscaping designs for entire villages are being drawn up. Certainly the program's prime motivator, Otto Reincke is pleased. "Looking back at the last four months, forgetting about weather and other unexpected hardships, it has been a very good success," the amicable German commented dur­ ing the tour of several of the band reserves. Statistics supported his thusiasm. Some 250 gardens en­ were on reserves in the Y orkton district this year which is one of the highest numbers ever reported. Of the 250 planted, Reincke feels some 200 could be called, at the very least, planted reasonably good. To Reincke a Regina hor­ ticulturalist who was hired by the Saskatchewan Indian Agriculture Program (SlAP) to co-ordinate - reasonably good output valued at success means an between $80 and $130 per garden. .. Full expectations could not be achieved due to the unfortunate weather we had this year," Reincke adds. The true success of the program; however, has been reflected in the Page 14 acceptance of it by all concerned, from Band Chiefs to the women of the reserves. Reincke began with small seminars on growing home gardens which were held on the reserves. It was then up to the native people. Seeds were rovided upon request and if there was a further problem that required some advice or assistance, Reincke would make in· dividual visits to the gardens. There were problems. "One of the biggest was a reluc­ tance by the Indian people to use chemicals to control plant diseases," Reincke recalled, though admitting that attitude was not par­ ticularly all bad. "I feel we're over-doing the chemical use of insecticides and pesticides We have to learn to make more use of organic materials. Weather also played a significant role. In many cases water supplies are a regular problem and during this particularly dry summer, the problem became even more severe. The average land that was being used was not the ideal base for a good garden, adding yet another roadblock for the Indians to over­ ... " come. "In short," Reincke commented, "it's been a slow process but they're having success. It's required a larger results comes to cost. "It's all a question of organizing the materials and how to place them to get the most desirable effect," Reincke said. The principals being used on the band offices such a removal of undesirable objects, seeding grass and planting trees, can be applied on individual homes, which is one of the major goals of the SlAP pro­ gram. Like a ripple in a pond, the program, is working as more and more residents of the reserves see how it can be done and try it themselves. "It takes time and effort by the Indian people to do, but it pays off'," he said. -THE ENTERPRISE The techniques were "The people have been interested right from the start. In fact they've shown better than average interest in what we've been doing." Which may be the result of the fact that any section of the program has been provided at the direct request of the people themselves. native The program will have much Importance Of Gardens On Indian Reserves ... freezing Reincke, who prepared and lot of The end of the gardening season does not mean it's the end of the program. Reincke is now beginning to emphasize not how the garden should grow, but what the garden should contain. At a seminar, a health nurse, nutritionist and-Rein­ eke joined skills to provide informa­ tion on how to get the highest nutri­ tional value from a home garden. As well, food preservation, canning and well. well trained in horticultural and nursery is also providing exper­ tise to the Indian bands as they carry out revitalization projects to their band offices and villages. The Cowesses Band Office is perhaps the farthest advanced. Landscaping around the office and adjacent health office took place this past summer using summer stu­ dent workers. By employing very simple landscaping techniques and using plants and materials such as large boulders, the building was neatly landscaped with minimal The output of the gardens has been your typical home garden variety: beans, carrots, turnips, cab­ bages, tomatoes, radishes, potatoes, demonstrated. as job techniques, tedious work." etc the Recent reports on Indian health disturbing. Better facilities alone do not improve those problems but are are nevertheless Housing, very important. plumbing, health care leave a lot to be desired, but one thing never has been mentioned and this disturbs me. Proper nutrition must be also considered and this, is a great factor of our society. Due to the nature of my work, I am quite often invited to share a meal with my friends on the reserves. Having received a relative good training in nutrition, I can not avoid noting the .atroxious imbalance of nutriment specifically of the vegetable kind in their diet. Here in the Y orkton district we recently held a seminar on nutrition, and to my surprise many a people did not know how to handle a basic . �variety of vegetable Indian people can grow in their gardens. I blame this on the factor that nobody ever other agencies to help them on a much better basis. Rototillers must not be in every garden, but could be told them about this and efforts put forwards by SlAP to promote in­ dividual gardening show moderate well results. The high prices in supermarkets surrounding the Reserves make it borrowed around, and a proper ser­ vice program could mean an income so-urce for yet another person on each band. This person �if trained well can be employed almost 8 out virtually impossible to buy a greater variety of vegetables as most of the people could not be considered wealthy. Another factor is that many a food offered in the grocery shelves are unknown to my friends and thus, even so important for a proper diet never tried. Some of these problems can be by planting family gardens and more emphasis must be placed upon variety rather than on how. A healthy body is more resis­ overcome and diseases. A the best inflation is also garden fighter if properly used. I would health urge band councils and in­ and all F.S.I. agencies nurses, volved to stress this factor. We need more nutritionists and health nurses to teach proper ways to preserve and cook food, agricultural and hor­ ticultural people to stress and teach people gardening techniques. That we have interest and need shows clearly as my position was created tant to infections by demand, and this though we year have, was even a very of discouraging drought, early frost and a lack of water facilities, very good results one, and an even because greater interest developed. This is reflected by the fact that after an initial shyness by the peo­ ple, and after they got used to me, they now complain that I am not often enough on their reserves. (a different approach shall remedy this during the next year). It must be stressed that the peo­ ple, once introduced to a greater variety, of vegetables respond well and proudly display their products, frozen, canned and their meals taste better, according to those which have tried. The most common complaint is that there are not enough facilities to break gardens in the fall and spr­ .ing, and a solution must be found to remedy such. Traditionally gardening is in the woman's domain, and I urge them either to approach the bands or in each reserve to repair rototillers, lawn mowers, etc. The gardens must be tailored to of 12 months, the needs of each family, according to size and food habits. Approx­ imately 400/0 of it should be in in fresh and 40% potatoes, retrievable vegetables and 20% in fruit and berries. Old habits of growing, such as too wide rows be abandoned and a more modern way should be applied. New varieties should be introduced such must as cauliflower, peppers, brussel sprouts, kohlrabi, parsnips, etc. as well as well-coordinated program on how to use them. It is of the utmost importance to teach that not all chemical fertilizers are bad as well that some chemical pest-fungus-and insect controls are beneficial, and proper use must be taught. Individual bands in their own in­ terest should .promote such ap­ as it not only raises the health level of its members, it also is an added factor to the beautifica­ tion of their surrounding. We need more federal and pro­ vincial help to build and maintain wells as many houses lack even this important facility. We need help in proach creation of storage for root fruits like potatoes, beets, turnips, and places to store deep freezes and can­ ned foods. In other words better housing with proper basements. All these factors work well together. A garden also provides recrea­ tion time and fun as it is not only hard work, it takes only about 4-6 hours a week to maintain a basic garden and the pride in a nice plot so displayed very often to me when people call me to show me their achievements. overall picture, ex­ air, the satisfaction of growing things, the savings in grocery bills, and the improvement of health add up to "Grow a Seen as an posure to fresh Garden". As the Indian people rely more more on domesticated facilities, and garden is their bind with nature, adds to their pride of achievement and saves valuable dollars in shopp­ a ing and health care. The Importance Of Shelterbelt Planting In· Gardens And Fields months of in reserves Indian on work my Sask., I noticed an increasing. amount of soil loss, partly due to wind erosion, partly due to wash out by heavy rains. In my estimation some of this damage can be avoided During the first four by proper wind shelter. Those, when properly planted can be the most ef­ fective method to control erosion, retain moisture and provide impor­ tant shade to certain vegetables. The root will bind- the 'Soils around the trees, thus a rapid wash out will stop there. Stems and branches break the force of the wind and change the direction of it so that erosion due to The shade drift is minimized. enables the soil to retain much need­ ed moisture and slows down evaporation due to extremely high soil temperature. One has only to compare the temperatures on a patch of grass or on soil to unders­ tand this problem. Shaded areas heat slower up and cool slower down and thus erosion by radiation is therefore slowed down. High temperature changes, as in shaded soil areas, speed up particle breakup in clays, thus reducing them to dust. This is especially noticeable in dry regions. Little or wonder that we have dust storms. people will disagree but I watched a particular plot where the soil, because of no shade, no moisture and wrong tillage was dry up to 20 em. deep. As the time progressed it turned into a powder like consistency and on the first oc­ Surely many casion about 8 em. were lost because of wind damage. A similar spot, about 200 m fur­ ther down showed less erosion because of little shade by native vegetation, coarser soil structure and a somewhat higher moister level, approximately 10% against a 20/0. Both soil samples were equal in and composition and structure allowed here an exact evaluation. In an soil test (performed in 25 ccm vials) it took soil test #1 18 minutes. to absorb 100 cc of water and soil test #2 only 10 minutes to satura­ tion. To fine soils evaporate water also faster but take longer to absorb . (continued) Page 15 �moisture. A soil sample taken from directly under the shade showed higher moisture, better composition and faster absorpton even though those soils were tilled the same. Sample 1 and 2 showed also a total absence of fibres while sample 3 was somewhat better because of decay­ ing leaves and 0 ften never scattered by wind. Seeds planted in all three soils - (Phaseolus vulgaris) (bush beans) (improved tender green) did not ger­ minate after 5 weeks in sample # 1 showed only 15070 germination in sample #2 and 87% in sample #3. After a rain of 5mm other water was unavailable, the germination was # 1 10%; #2 45%: and # 90%. It would be a great help, to the prairie farmer to plant wind shelters if one compares figures; 1) at the - - - present time he can obtain them free from the PFRA tree farm in Indian Head, Sask., 2) Modern equipment cuts planting time to a minimum and some varieties of trees actually grow up to 2-3 feet per year under ,the right conditions. Surely in this modern day and age the farmer must be interested to conserve his soils or in about 50 years we will be farming in gravel pits. Take for instance the carragana aboresence (Russian Pea shrub) it will grow well in most areas except in extremely dry or in rather wet soils. Not only does it grow fast but it provides excellent shelter for game, birds and most of all wind protection. Should a hedge be too easily pruned and mature large it can though will be take away un­ necessary arable land. The natural height is easily controllable only 12-15' (4-5 m). It's growth rate is so that after about 2-3 years it is already an effective wind shelter. There are other species of plants which, when planted in the right location will be excellent willows, not -- poplar, buffaloberry!_ -sho�echer�y, Informative matenal IS readily and easily obtainable from any dept. of agriculture in the prairies and to my knowledge free of charge, also yours for the asking. The materials are well explained and il­ lustrated in colour that the user can identify them easily. In an recent article in Readers' Digest, Sept. 1979 by Dr. Gordon etc. A. Macfiachern, my philosophy about this subject is even broader explained. Page 16 Let me quote him ... "for generations farmers have left as 40% of the land idle each summer believing it would build up moisture." It has been known to many of us that just the contrary is the fact. Summerfallow in sheltered areas would not be so damaging but the .praxis of such has to stop anyway. Soon we will not be able to summer­ fallow anyway anymore because of increasing demands and of the in­ credible high risk of losing the basis below our feet. Soils once lost are gone forever. The best example would be and is the Sahara Desert. Only 2800 years ago it was the agricultural capital of the old world. There is enough evidence of this ef­ fect and stripping of land without proper reforestation, (how could they know) brought this upon them. Let me quote now Tom Lerat when he told me "our land is so precious that we can not afford to repeat the mistakes of the white man." much Shelterbelts man it. game The only not soil, but and all the we on decreasing. Birds habitat and soon we I VIEWPOINT as hope I was reader how serve the depend on prairies is do not have no find more. able to prove to the important shelterbelts are on our, reserves as well as in the white mans land, and with proper management we can a preserve necessary balance- in nature to our satisfaction and need. Windshelter material Prunus virginiata (chokecherry), height about 7-8' north south direction, double row planting 10' apart, loca­ tion about 30 km north of Grenfell, Sask., Sakimay Indian Reserve. -O.J. REINCKE o. J. Reincke is District Hor­ ticulturist with the Saskatchewan Indian Agriculture Program by In Art Irvine November- -1978 I spoke to Gordon Indian Reserve youth atten­ ding Punnichy schools and was suc­ cessful in signing up 45 for a 4-H Club. During the early winter membership increased to 93. By June over 150 youths had been in­ volved in-the 4-H meetings. - During the participating difficulty concen­ trating through long lectures. Their period of full perception appeared members season had to be about 15 minutes. They advis­ ed that lecture subjects which in­ cluded; protection of the environ­ ment, food, exercise, rest and relax­ ation, education, careers and business were important to them, but that the lectures were too long. They suggested lectures interspersed with dancing, sports and other ac­ tivities. is the letter forwarded members before the final meeting: "The next meeting of the Gordon 4-H Club will be held at 7 p.m. on Tuesday, June 12 in the Gordon Residential School Gym. We shall be bringing along a Hi­ Fi and some records to tryout your suggestion that 4-H meetings should. be fun and business, not all business. Unfortunately necessary funding has not been provided in time for gardens and other projects this spring. The meeting on June 12' will be our last meeting for the pre­ sent. At this meeting we shall discuss our plans for next year. Thank you for sharing some of your time with me over the past few months. I enjoyed our discussions and hope they were as meaningful for you as they were for me. Socially there will be more than a Hi-Fi and records to look forward to at the windup meeting. Everyone Following to - - . is welcome, so (S.I.A.P.), Yorkton District. bring your friends. Sincerely, Art Irvine REFERENCES: - - - own research Sask. Department of Agriculture Federal Shelterbelt Publications Unfortunately three organized games involving 4-H par­ ticipants were scheduled at the same time as this meeting. The meeting still drew 71, a presentable atten­ dance considering the conflicting ball circumstances. The meeting began with business discussion followed by disco where the top boy and girl dancers qualified for a Grand Final. A food �and Final. An discussion discussion exercise lecture followed, then question by an and discussion, and club plann­ next year. for ing The Disco Grand Final was keen­ start upwards providing an with members, education lec­ could club The season meetings should that youth find it ture the fall of 100 existmg, interesting Regardless of the validy of this difficult to be ab­ argument, it does not promote in­ dividual initiative and achievement. Residential being made aware of potential, and of the impor­ tance of; health, education, career planning, business understanding, initiative, and other requisites in their potential achievements. be so sent. ly contested and decided by crowd applause. Irene Pratt won first in the girls section. Denny Pratt and Franklin Aisaican received identical applause in the boys division and were declared co-winners. The event concluded with a donut party. Costs by an interested friend of the youth. Facilities were provided by the Gordon Band and were constructive format is offered. 4-H 1. Policies, and attitudes, within the Department and Indian people; which result in youth believing that Government owes them a living. more with another boy and girl qualifying for the Grand Final. This followed - the fall?" and disco was youth potential up to and including the initial elementary grades. I suspect the reasons their potential often lies dormant include; could be alternated with sports and other activities. Their common final was, "When do we start in followed, then more disco with another boy and girl qualifying for the Grand lecture absorbed the Gordon Residential School. Many youth participants are re­ questing that a similar type of for­ mat be used at future meetings. They suggest that disco dancing Bill Gordon Starr, School administrator when Indian nutritious they are claims 2. Youth not that their receive youth food and adequate rest superior athletes. Athletic and other achievements of Indian youth under his influence has been Youth Thackeray of Regina through clinical ex­ perience, a superior survival quality among Indian youth. is observed My own observations is that there nothing secondary about Indian Laurie Johnson, Pro­ Bldg. 72 Smith Street, Yorkton, Sask., S3N 2Y4., Phone: YORK TON - North Battleford, Sask. S9A Harold 3G7, Phone: 445-6146; Greyeyes (Ass't Ag. Rep.) Address 783-9743. - 4-H to know Agicultural Represen­ tative office nearest you contains some folks who can sit down and talk 4-H for awhile: Erland Sten (Ag. Rep.) lOlA 1st. St. Meadow Lake, Sask. SOM 1 YO, MEADO W LAKE Phone: - Bill 236-5243;- W., Morin -O'Neill Gladue (Ass't Ag. Reps.), Address and Phone No. As Above. Don Neilson PRINCE ALBERT Rep.) 196-9th St. E., Prince - (Ag. Albert, Sask. S6V OX5, Phone: Bill Munroe (Ass't Ag. 764-5261; Rep.), Address and Phone No. same - as Lome Stalwick SASKA TOON (Ag. Rep.) 3130 8th St. E., Dept. of Agriculture, Saskatoon, Sask. S7H - OW2; Larry Spearing (Address I above), Phone: 664-5100. - their annual Achievement Night on September 20th in Saska­ toon. This is the third year that this - - - Cormier and Barb Johnson. as however, to are the many -r eser v es following , locations and 4-h Representatives: MELFORT - Margaret van Raadt, Box 1480, Tisdale, SOE ITO., Phone: 837-2693. - Ave. Held - Closer above. 49th SaskNative 4-H Club Don QU'APPELLE Wayne Reps.); (Ag. Gayton Gosselin, Provincial Bldg., Box 579, Fort Qu' Appelle, Sask., SOG ISO, Ken Carrier, Phone: 332-4772.; Craven, Sask., SOG OWO; Gilbert Bellegarde (Ass't Ag. Rep.) Box 132, Goodeve, Sask., SOA ICO. (2) The Saskatchewan 4- H Pro­ the pro­ gram has six people around vince called Regional 4- H represen­ tatives. Likely, many of you may not be passing near the Department of Agriculture Offices in Swift Cur­ rent, Weyburn, and Outlook and talking to Carolyn Fancsher, Judy FORT are a Your - # 1 04 542-2694. lot of helping people around. In 4-H, this is the case too! (1) above. BATTLEFORD - - Report There Kay Lloyd­ Hauer, 4816 minister, Sask., S9V OT4., Phone: (403) 825-7632. NORTH Roy Thompson (Ag. Provincial Bldg., Yorkton, Sask., S3N 2Y4, Phone: 783-9743; George Tourangeau (Ass't Ag. Rep.) Cote Reserve, Kamsack, Sask., SOA ISO, Phone: YORKTON Helpful 4-H people as - vincial Bldg., and Phone No. control will today world. provided. Donna NORTH BATTLEFORD Matolsci (Ag. Rep.) #105 Provincial Rep.) of tomorrows Dr. Irvine has . It is important that they begin their training early. It is equally important that everyone recognize the importance of youth programming and do what they can to ensure that necessary support is phenomenal. de Sask., 4-H Garden Club has been organiz­ ed. Several more families were in­ volved this year for the first time. Some very gardens grew and are a credit to these 4-H members and their families. Louise McKinney, in charge of the 4-H Club, presented each member with a 4-H Participation Certificate. Louise is a hard work­ helper and is a credit to the 4-H ing Program. Chagoness 4-H Club Is reorganizing for the fall season. Some of the possible projects are: nurs­ macrame, woodwork, home firearm and disco dancing, ing, safety. 4-H leader Albert Scott reports plans for the 'slave auction' club as a fund raising project for the members. The "Indian 4-H Pro­ gram" theme of the slide-tape pro­ 4-H Office, gram available from the was shown at night bingo. a recent Thursday (continued) Page 17 �Sandy Bay Twenty 4-H members met in the Sandy Bay School on Thursday, September 13. Deb Hauer, Bonnie Ehr, and Shiela MacDonald travell­ ed to Sandy Bay for the meeting. "What is 4-H" and "Projects I want to take" were the two topics. Everyone also enjoyed games such as drawing charades, people knots, and catching the dragon's tail. The 4-H Club at Sandy Bay will hold meetings every two weeks. This group has been learning about bak­ ing' Beading, crafts and first aide are possible projects in the future. Diana Leis, Marylee Morin, Gwen Will, and Mrs. Jean Morin are the - 4-H Club leaders. Future Conference November 22-24, 1979 Children, youth and adults in Western Canada will be attending "Quality of Life in the 1980's" Conference at the Holiday Inn in Saskatoon. Delegates choose the workshops that they want to attend. Some topics will be: Effective parenting, child abuse, leisure education, employment perspective (rural and native), trends in rural communities, culture and the fami­ ly, suicide and youth, colunteers, religion and children, juveniles and the law, and television's impact on family life. This Conference is sponsored by the Saskatchewan Council for Inter-. national Year of the Child and Western Interprovincial Rural Men­ tal Health. If you want to attend or get more information. contact our office. How To Start A 4-H Club A slide and tape presentation is available for your use. Please con­ tact the Indian 4- H Office if you wish to borrow the presentation. Hotline Les and Linda Ferguson became the proud parents of a baby boy, Todd Stuart, September 3rd. Todd's arrival means 4 boys in the family. A girl next time, Les? "You And Your Veterinarian" November 9-11, 1979 Open house at the Western Col­ lege of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saska­ toon, is November 9-1lth. Displays, tours, and students who will answer your questions, will be available. For more information contact: Luc M. Versavel, Public Relations Page 18 Vetavision '79, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskat­ chewan. S7N OWO. Homecraft Leaders Workshops are being planned for the fall. These workshops will help in­ terested adults in the community: -to learn more about the Indian 4-H To learn and share Program; homecraft skills. If you want a Homecraft Leaders - Workshop a on your reserve, suggest date for the kind of workshop that you want, and return the coupon to the Indian 4-H Office. Firearm Safety Workshop The firearm safety 'program teaches safe and responsible handl­ ing of firearms and promotes in hunters a sense of responsibility and courtesy while hunting. More than 50,000 young persons and 2,000 adults have graduated from the firearm safety program organized by the Department of Tourism and Renewable Resources. Classes must be taught by a qualified instructor. The Indian 4-H Program is sponsoring two-day workshops in the fall for people who want to become firearm safety instructors. Please fill out the following form if you wish to attend one of these workshops. NAME: . ADDRESS: August 13-21. Together they shared the events of Waterhen's Cultural Days: camping, canoeing, ceremonies, and hand games. The CN train provided the 17 Waterhen voyageurs with a 4-day tour across Canada. Arriving in Nova Scotia, they were hosted by friends met in Saskatchewan only a few days earlier. A cloudy mountain coastline was the boundary of the scenic Cabot Trail. The Nova Scotia Indian Games gave the tourists a chance to see maritime athletics. They also had a change to see several Indian reserves in the area. For many, the first ride on a jet homeward bound was an exciting time, a good way- to end a good ex­ perience. (Note: The Indian 4-H Program provided the early contacts for the exchange. If other reserves wish to exchange with other reserves in or out of province, please contact the Indian 4-H Office.) 1.LLl.:"::::!!I: PEN PALS Hi! My would like name some ... is Russell pen pals Whitehead. I between the ages of 14-16. My hobbies are sports, dancing pow­ singing pow-wow, and going to pow­ wows to meet new people. Write: Russell Whitehead, Gen. Del., Rose Valley, Sask. wow, Hello! My name is Kelly Matechuck. My hobbies are boxing and pow-wow dancing, disco dancing and cadets. I am 15 years of age and I would like pen-pals (girls) between the ages of 12-16. Write: Kelly Matechuck, Box 70, Punnichy, Sask., SOA 3CO. . My name is Lorie Edward Cappo, and I am pen-pals between the ages of 13-15 (girls). My hobbies are all kinds of sports and pow-wow dancing. My ambition is to become a professional hockey player. Write: Lorie Edward Cappo, Box 70, Punnichy, Sask. SOA 3CO. 14 years of age. I would like TELEPHONE: . [ ] Homecraft Leaders [ ] Firearm Safety DATE DESIRED: . Hi, my is Hazel Desjarlais. I am 15 pen-pals bet­ (preferrably boys). My playing pool, all kinds of sports name years of age and I would like ween Waterhen Youth Return From Nova Scotia To have a new friend visit you from 3,000 miles away and to pay back the visit one week later is hard to believe. However, that's what happened with 15 youth from Waterhen, and their chaperones, Victoria Lasas and Edwin Martell. The exchange was sponsored by the Open House Canada Program, Department of Secretary of State, Ottawa. First, Waterhen hosted a MicMac youth group from Nova Socita from the ages of 14-16 hobbies are and I really like school. Write: Hazel Des­ jarlais, Box 70, Punnichy, Sask., SOA 3CO. Hi, my name is Rodney James Nippi, I am 8 years old and will be 9 on October 28. I would like to hear from pen pals ages 9-10. My hobbies are; swimming, camping and hunting rabbits. Write: Rodney James Nippi, Gen. Del., Verigin, Sask. My name is Glen Neapteung and I would girl pen-pals between the ages of 14-16. My hobbies include; riding horses, going to pow-wows and playing all kinds of sports. I like will 3CO. all letters. Write: Glen Box 70, Punnichy, Sask. SOA answer Neapetung, �Indian Involvement In Own Future Key Issue the Recently, Prince Albert District Chiefs met for three days at James Smith Reserve. Discussions on housing, education and health issues were the major topics for the meeting. Chief James Burns of James Smith Reserve hosted this meeting. As he opened the gathering of leaders, he mentioned past unsuc­ cessful bids 'with the Department of dealing with these come to grips he said. with the Department," "We, not the Department, must control our own destiny." Indian Affairs in issues "We have to Attention was focused on the Band Workers program, in which distribution of funding appears to create problems. Some bands have been simply told there is no more money. The P .A. District Chiefs ex­ pressed much disatisfaction with the system used by the Department at the Regional level. The Chiefs made a recommenda­ tion to select a co-ordinator for next year's housing program which is aimed at expanding the range of business alternatives outside of the reserve. The Chiefs were urged to assert their power as leaders and to make the Department of Indian Affairs work for them. It is significant to note that on-going achievements of the Chiefs should not be over­ shadowed by concerns for their low representation at the policy-making level, but must proceed hand in hand with those concerns. Senator Anna Kingfisher spoke the direction the Chiefs should be taking. "We have to separate the church from the kind of structure we have," she said. "we should not fight amongst one another; the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians on you." Doug Cuthand, Executive Secretary, F.S.I. in presenting his report, said, "Social Services, as it is now, is not working for us, We have been preparing a task force on will strengthen Social Services. We must find ways to take care of elderly people and concern ourselves with other social programs too. To accomplish this, the committee has to push land en­ titlement and help the bands with no validation. " There are six employment posi­ tions open in the Indian Govern­ ment Banking system. The bank is ready to set-up anywhere the Chiefs Saskatchewan. want branches in Mr. Cuthand has met with senior officials in Toronto and is develop­ ing a housing package or shelter allowance whereby Indian people purchase appropriate homes by borrowing from the Indian Manage­ ment section in the Banking system, according to Mr. Cuthand. The Indian Trapping Program is at a stalemate and very little, if any help, has been available to the can and Chiefs peared members. There to be many weaknesses said. some discussion on organizing meetings, workshops 'on Indian development and securing plans for Indian Government. The staffing at Prince Albert of­ fice, Department of Indian Affairs, was tabled for decision by the Chiefs, as there were 14 positions in question. The Chiefs made it clear to the Officials they wanted to be included on the selection board. Chief Cy Standing of Wahpeton Reserve and Chief James Burns of the James Smith Reserve were elected by the Chiefs to be on the Board. The Chiefs voted that competitons lie opened for the vacant the gentlemen why day-care programs are not included in the education program, because these centers are related to schools. Teachers need day-care centers, they said. -FLORENCE POORMAN ap­ of dealing with this pro­ Sol Sanderson, Chief of gram. Federation of Saskatchewan Indians addressed the Chiefs on this matter. A resubmission should be made on development 'of this program he ad­ vised. The Indian Trapping Pro­ gram has been associated with the Indian people for a long time and they (Indians) have never forfeited their right to trap and fish, he said. The Department is peddling this program. The Department of Nor­ thern Saskatchewan receives monies for training the Indians, but WHO Since IS TRAINING WHO? establishing the Saskatchewan In­ dian Trapper Association there has been very little action on the part of the Department. "To alter this resoluton passed previously, we, the F. S.I., need further direction," he was situations on reserves schools. The Chiefs enquired of in the process There Manager. In the meantime, the competition would take place. Jack Kerd and Peter Legg attend­ ed the meeting to present results of work with the people on reserves. They represented Supply and Ser­ vices section of the Department, a program imposed by the Depart­ ment of Indian Affairs to document 'positions. The most recent vacancy was caused by the resignation of Garry Wouters as District Manager. Emil Korchin­ ski, of the Regina office, told the Chiefs that Walter Keyes would be placed in Prince Albert as Acting Program Delivery High On List Of Concerns NORTH BATTLEFORD - At its regular meeting, various concerns were voiced by Indian leaders sitting down with different government departments at the Indian and Metis Friendship Centre in this city. Department heads of the district Department of Indian Affairs (DIA) reported to the Indian leaders the present stages of their programs and also what the future outlook will be. Merv Buckle, acting superinten­ dent of Education with DIA, stated that the education picture is the same and no drastic changes have occurred. There are two vacancies following the departure of Marv Hendrickson and Howard Mac­ Master. Recent development in education is the appointment of Alma King as Teacher Aide Co-ordinator. Alma was formerly employed by the Bat­ tlefords Indian Health Centre. Aaron Dighe stated that under the Community Affairs Program, fire prevention should be included in forecasts despite the poor quality of housing material available for use by Indian people. Allain Bonneyville mentioned that school bus applications were currently occupying consideration under top priority Economic Development. Several programs came under fire; Indian people are being given the run-around by DIA and also by Saskatchewan Indian Agriculture Program (SlAP) when applying for loan funding. Other government agencies in at- (continued) Page 19 �tendance included Canada Employ­ ment Centre, SlAP legal advisor, Battlefords Correctional Centre and the Saskatchewan Indian Communi­ ty College. The Community College prioriz­ ed its delivery of various training courses and classes with the Indian bands represented. Full support was expressed by the district Chiefs when representation from the Indian Social Workers in­ dicated plans for formation of an agency in the district. -ARCHIE KING Indian Content To Help Examine History Celebrate Saskatchewan has set up committees to promote Saskat­ chewan's 1980 anniversary. The Diamond Jubilee Act, passed by the Legislature in 1978, establish­ ed the Saskatchewan Diamond Jubilee Corporation to coordinate and initiate government and local programs to recognize the province'S 75th birthday. Celebrate Saskatchewan Commit­ tee will coordinate project ideas and activities from the community level. This committee will also propose allocation of provincial and regional funding. The historical and cultural con­ tribution of the Indian people bas been very significant and has not been duly recorded or recognized and it has often been misinter­ preted. The Elders have always played a major role in being the keepers of our history and tradition. Our old people describe places, historical sites even before Saskatchewan was a province. The Senators are actively involved in the organizing of the Historical Committee. Three major projects including the identification of special historical sites such as Treaty making places f and historical meeting places are being discussed. Another aim is to establish a Saskatchewan Indian Museum and Archives. The third area would be to research and rewrite history as seen by our people. The development of Indian historical texts and cur­ riculum material is very important, and would contribute a great deal to the' pride and identity of young Saskatchewan Indians. Page 20 Ceremonial Ends Week­ Long Cultural Activity On Friday, August 17, a special ceremony ended a week-long series of events at Wahpeton Reserve. Visitors came from the surrounding and from Standing Buffalo and Moosewoods Reserves. The elders assisted in ceremonial for­ mality. A meal, prepared and served in the Indian way, was enjoyed by all. Tee-pees and tents covered the grounds. The ceremony marked the end of a cultural week for the children of the Reserve. Keeping the Indian children aware culturally will assist this generation to understand the world around them. Archie Eagle, Paul Littlecrow and Helen Buffalo from Moosewoods Reserve aided the elders from Wahpeton Reserve during the week of spiritual and cultural teachings. When the feast was over, gifts were presented to the visitors from far away Mrs. Rose Buffalo, a member of Wahpeton Reserve, distributed the tributes. To conclude the camp, a pow­ wow took place, with the Sturgeon Lake Reserve singers performing the honors for the dancers. Mrs. Rose Buffalo supervised this event, which was symbolic of the bigger pow­ wows. The children displayed the costumes made by their mothers for the occasion. There is a great deal of creativity and sewing which go into costumes such as this. The dancers performed very well. Winner of the small boys' contest was Charlie O'Manny, and in the teen boys' category, Basil LaFond won a beautiful blanket. In the ladies' traditional competition, Mrs. Edith Waditaka placed first. Excellent performances by all the dancers encouraged the singers to supply the music until midnight, and no-one could resist joining in on the fun. -FLORENCE POORMAN areas 9tld iOtl gOlielltll'l'letlt t-ghilttg �O/{ gaQe men s e�t�o Qo�ge. Qo�ge. medium s6.00 Qo�ge. chiQdlten medium. smoQQ -s.co o�deJt. contoct the gosk­ otchewoll 9ndion CuQtUltoQ CoQQege. CP.(0. cgo� gags. goskotoon. goskotchewon g7ffi ggq (phone 244-1146) to pQoce Oil �Alphonse Dorian of Pelican Narrows, Saskatchewan passed away September 5, 1979 at the age of 64 years old survived by his loving wife Marie, four sons; Gabe (Cecilia), John �e is Maurice (Cecile) and Arnold. Seven daughters; Suzzette (Rose), Ba�tlste (Ehas), C�ara (Nap), Gladys, Harriet (I eorge), Linda (Henry), Verna, Mar­ tha. Survived by three brothers; Magloire, Peter, Henry and two sisters' Louisa and Anglique. Also surviving are forty-one grandchildren and si� Mr. on the reserve on .. great grand children. Band for a period Mr. D�rion was a Councillor for the Peter Ballantyne of twenty-five years working under five different chiefs. He was active in other northern activities such as being the director of the Cooperative Fisheries and Trappers Association. He also made two films co-starring in the film "Cold Journey" and star­ the film "Northern Fisherman". Mr. Dorion was born in July 12, 1915 and lived in Pelican Narrows all his life. He made his livelihood as a fisherman and trapper. Mr. Dorion will be sadly missed by his family, relatives and friends. ring in people in the news . Indian Community Honors Oldest Resident ONION LAKE Warren Williams Leaves Probation Program - Grandchildren outnumbered relatives and friends coming in droves to honor Jimmy chief on his 91st birthday at a ban­ and quet sponsored by the family band council of Onion Lake. The gala affair was held at the communi­ ty band hall. Joining the grand gentleman were fellow members of an illustrious sect, including Wilfred Chocan, Alec Stick, and Jim Kahneep­ taytayo, Ed Fox of Sweetgrass, and family members, Rema Naistus (daughter), Norman (son), and Alvina (daughter-in-law). Chief Alex Harper served as of ceremonies. of wisdom and many humorous incidents were recalled by fellow elders paying tribute to the of honor upon reaching this master Words guest milestone. Charles Thomas (left) offers momentoln honour of Mr. Williams work. probation Program recently held a farewell dinner 1979. for Warren Williams at the Sands Hotel in Saskatoon on September 6, was Probation Indian the Program Director of been the Warren who has The staff of the Indian leaving the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians to further his education in Vancouver, B.C. Probation He initially started with F.S.I. as a consultant with the Indian 1975. in June, Program became When the former Director, Fred Starr left the program, Warren Direc­ the Acting Director. From Acting Director, he was then appointed the tor. Warren All his friends and co-workers were there to honor their friend. received a Brass. He painting mounted on a buckskin and wood frame made by Billy also received a turquoise ring and bracelet as well as other gifts. must Mr. Williams said "there comes a time in every man's life when he a make changes and go on to other things." He is leaving to work towards Van­ Columbia in British of Work at the Social University master's degree in couver, B.C. During a brief outline of Jimmy Chiefs early life, Chief Alex Harper noted that the Mr. Chief was seen or every morning, either chopping sawing wood, a rare sight in an In­ dian community these days. During his era as a band councillor, Mr. Chief was actively involved in the formation of a provincial Federa­ tion of Indian leaders, which even­ tually became the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians. Jimmy Chief, son of the late Chief Robert Chief, is a descendant of Chief Seekaskootch, the Indian Chief after whom the Indian com­ munity was named. He was born in 1889, one year before the communi(continued) Page 21 �ty was surveyed as a reserve. After everyone had enjoyed a delicious meal of 'good chicken' musical entertainment was provided by Raymond Chocan and sons, backed by John George Macdonald. It took some blowing for 'Mosom' to blowout all the candles which took two cakes to accom­ modate, but after some mighty puf­ fing, the task was accomplished. The cake was later served by his numerous grandchildren. The highlite of the joyous occa­ sion came when 'Mosom' unwrap­ ped the many gifts bestowed on him by relatives and friends. It was not until he had unwrapped a pair of rubbers that he gave them a big 'grin' Having the last word, Jimmy Chief thanked the people who at­ tended the banquet and gave special thanks to his beloved grandchildren for honoring him on his 91st birth­ -ARCHIE KING day. . Friday First Hawaiian Visitor Randy Friday, from the Cote Reserve, is the first band member to visit Hawaii. attends school at Lebret Residential school. However he plans to go back to Hawaii for the ever He next semester. Randy, who is 16 years of age, worked and saved his money for this trip. During his seven week stay in Hawaii, he worked with the friend Eager celebrants surround Elder Jimmy Chief (centre left). Albert Brings Full Complement Of Skills To NBHC The person who was described as on the hot seat of the Bat­ tleford Indian Health Centre is no stranger to stress after serving a six month stint with the National In­ dian Brotherhood in Ottawa. Ron Albert, 34, hails from the Sweetgrass Indian Reserve. He re­ ceived his early education at Sweet­ grass then moved to Lebret and later completed his formal educa­ tion at Biggar. He also attended the U of S in Saskatoon. He received his certificate in civil engineering from Saskatchewan Technical Institute located in Moose Jaw. Other educational achievements by Albert have been in the area of being management. This includes development for management; proactive manage­ ment; breakthrough in evaluation methods projects. Managem e n t workshop; and the art of negotiating. Prior to coming to B.I.H.C. he was special, assistant to the vice­ president of N.I.B. He then became the executive director. Before join­ ing the N.I.B., Albert had been organization band manager of his Indian com­ on council since 1973. Albert left the Department of In­ dian Affairs in 1974 after serving in its community affairs department as Band Mangement Officer. Prior to this appointment he had worked in social services department as an ad­ ministrator. Other activities include serving on the Sweet Grass band council for the past seven years; board member of Battleford Union Hospital Ex­ ecutive Board since April 1979; president of the board of directors of Battleford Indian and Metis Friendship Centre, secretary of Saskatchewan Association of Friendship Centres since May 1979. Board member of Ottawa Friend­ ship Centre since Oct. 1978 June 1979. Ron and his wife Marilyn have two sons, Justine; 5, and Jason, 3. munity. He has also been - he visiting. He brought back souveniers from his memorial trip. Congratulations Randy, and we wish you the best or was luck in the near future. -COTE BAND MEMBERS Page 22 -ARCHIE KING �Wednesday, August 29, 1979, was day of farewell for the staff of the Regina FSI office. We said our for­ a F.S.I. Personnel Step Down As Regina Office Phases Out Terry Atimoyoo and Railway". Art Obey makes a Warren Williams holding the cake: "Farewell 1715 South farewell presentation to Dr. Paul Chien. mal farewells to three staff members and to our office building. The three staff members who are leaving were Terry Atimoyoo, Dr. Paul Chien and Warren Williams. Mr. Terry Atimoyoo has decided to resign his position as Assistant Director of Administration and Finance, which he has held for about eight months. Terry plans to further his education and complete his Bachelor of Administration at the University of Regina. He began working with FSI as A V Technician with Indian Rights and Treaties Research in 1975, working first in Regina and then in Saskatoon. He transferred back to Regina to be the Assistant Director of Treaty Research before moving to Ad­ ministration. When asked what his thoughts were in working with FSI, Terry said: "Working with the Federation is an education ex­ perience in media and administra­ tion. The Federation is the elected voice of Saskatchewan Indian peo­ ple and I support it fully in its endeavours. Although I will not be around for a while, my spirit and my moral support will always go with it." Dr. Paul Chien is resigning from his position as Director of Ad­ ministration and Finance in favour of private consultation work. for the FSI and for other firms. Paul has been director of Administration for about two years and when asked how he liked working with FSI, Paul said: "I enjoyed it. I think it made me more appreciative about Treaty Indians' living conditions. I feel very strongly that with the pro­ per funding and education, Treaty Indians will make a tremendous ad­ vance in the next few decades." Mr. Warren Williams began work with FSI as the program consultant to the Indian Probation Program in Jun 1975. He then became Director of the Program on April 1, 1978. Warren also acted as secretary to the Justice Co­ Indian Criminal ordinating Committee since its for­ mation, January 1, 1977. During the period December 1, 1976 to August 31, 1979, Warren was on Leave of Absence from the Province's Department of Social Services. He is terminating both his Leave of (continued) Page 23 �Absence and his position as Director of the Indian Probation Program in order that he might enter a ten month program of studies at the University of British Columbia to obtain his Masters in Social Work. Warren wishes "to thank all the FSI staff who have helped me so much during the last four years. I feel very honoured to have been able to par­ ticipate in the beginning developments of Indian criminal justice programs in Saskatchewan. I wish the Federation continued suc­ cess in their efforts to improve and strengthen, not only criminal justice services, but all services to the 68 In­ dian Bands in Saskatchewan." The rest of the FSI staff of the Regina office would like to wish Terry, Paul and Warren much hap­ piness and success in all their future endeavours. Office Relocation 1715 South Railway has been the head office for FSI Administration and the Indian Rights and Treaties Research Program for the past five and a half years. It has also been the base for many field workers in the district. A few people, Kathy Gordon, Art Obey and Lawrence Thompson, for instance, have been here since we first moved in, in 1974. Others have left and returned to the FSI, such as Anita Gordon, Director, Treaty Research; Glen Gordon, Public In­ formation, Treaty Research; Walter Gordon, Consultant and Lyla Lavallee, Reporter. This office has seen many people come and go over the years; a few breakins; a car theft and a few Christmas parties. Now we are splitting up. The district field workers will now have their base of­ fice at Standing Buffalo Reserve. The FSI Administration, of course, is now centralized in Saskatoon. Treaty Research; the Indian Veterans' Association; the Iridian Urban Program and a small ad­ ministrative staff, will be relocating to 109 Hodsman Road, which is situated on the north east side of Regina, just off McDonald' Street, north of the Ring Road. Our move will be complete on September 28, 1979. Our mailing address will be: Federation of Saskatchewan Indians Box 4066 Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 3R9 Phone: 949-5666. Kika wapamitin ekote! -MIRIAM A. McNab Page 24 The R.C.M.P. recently announced the transfer of SGT. TERRY HLUSKA to the position of in charge Native Policing Branch in their /IF" Division Headquarters in Regina. Sgt. Hluska takes over from S/Sgt. Ken lamont who returns to general police duties. Terry was born in Edson, Alberta and later moved to Camp­ bell River, B.C. After joining the Force in 1962, he had postings to Regina, Moose jaw, Indian Head, Broadview, Carnduff, La Ronge, Pelican Narrows and Weyburn. He and his wife, Dollette and their two and one-half year old son Gregory are now settled in their home in Regina. Terry looks forward to his new duties and challenges with en­ thusiasm, bringing the hope that better understanding between native groups and the police is mutually beneficial. _ . Special Constable Gordon A. DUROCHER is originally from lie a la Crosse, Sask. He and his wife Audrey have three daughters, Lisa, Faye and Erma. Gordon is presently stationed at Cutknife Detachment. Constable Elmer G. WASKAHAT is from Frog Lake, Alberta. He is the son of joe and Veronica Waskahat. Elmer is presently stationed at Loon Lake Special Detachment. �Card of Thanks We wish to express our sincere thanks to all the thoughtful relatives, a friends and neighbours in their kindness shown to us on the Wasacase family, Piapot Ladles Rita (Lorrie) Lavallee. Special thanks to the Federated Col­ Homemakers Staff and students at the Saskatchewan Indian .loss o.f daugh!er lege. The fo�d, floral tributes, cards and mass offerin�s, s�nt and Joe John greatly appreciated. To the elders Cappo, Emile PiapotTo Grace us to and strength. give prayers Machiskinic for their thoughts at the church an� at the Adams, Wilfred Greyeyes and others, who sang 11m from Father Rev. remembered. To graveside, your voices will always be mass. Thanks to everyone the Cupar, for your words of inspiration during who made this sudden passing much easier to accept. Your thoughtfulness to us were - Letters To The Editor Cultural Survival will always be remembered. Pearl & Basil Camp More Indian Athletes Dear Editor: Dear Editor: The Rolling Thunder Culture Sur­ vival Camp began July 29th, 1979 publication of The Saskatchewan Indian, I must say, that it is a very fine, if not, a and ended August 24th, 1979. The Camp was located in the Procupine Forest, 60 miles north of Cote Reserve.' With participants from Cote and Keeseekoose Bands com­ bined in the summer camp, we had a gratifying turnout. We also had who came from other campers We held traditional feasts places. and ceremonies conducted by our own Council of Elders. Our main objective was to make their true young people aware of identity. In today's everchanging society, I feel that our young people crisis. are in fact facing an identity Therefore, it is very important that aware of we make all our people let them and this like programs know that we are very concerned about their future. Like the wise words of the Great Sioux Chief, "Let us put our minds together and make see what kind of future we can for our children." would very much like to publicize the fact that this camp will and summer next continue The come. to invited everybody is cultural camp offers such things as: Spiritual and Cultural Guidance Hunting Skills I In regards bona fide piece of information con­ cerning the Indian people of Saskat­ gives me great pleasure enjoyment just to observe the front cover. Surely, many of our Brothers and ·Sisters appreciate this documentary Indianess; not only 'in political thought, but in other areas as well And finally, the past several years since I've been reading this publication, things have come better and more comprehensiveness chewan. It and ... been put forth. The work therein is very unique and I'm very proud of you people working in the offices and other places making this a reality to some people who just few pages But one thing I would like (if possible) is more publication on Indian athletes and sports activities. Lets have more Indian athletes instead of bumming like to read around in a .. pubs. Because· I know, alot of potential Indian champions, and could step out, if there are only they want to ... Sincerely & with respect, Frank Laliberty Jr. - - Saskatchewan sources, including the Council for the International Year of the Child. They contributed $1,000.00 which was used to pur­ chase teepees and food supplies. I Dear Editor: My husband chewan and reading your want to thank S.C.LY.C. for their and make people contribution of this organization. In conclusion, I would like to say "Thanks" to everyone for your aware time and see you next year. Yours truly, Cote Guy Severight, Culture Program is Regalia from Saskat­ thoroughly enjoy magazine. We would we like to subscribe for future issues. I would also like some informa­ tion pertaining to Indian costumes. We would like to purchase a man's complete outfit if possible or part of. We would be most grateful for information on how to get in con­ tact with 'anyone regarding this re­ quest. Yours in Friendship, Rozina Brass have - Food Preparations Indian Arts and Crafts Recreational Activities (swimming, canoeing and nature hikes) Our funding came from various Wanted: Indian to the - - Bellegarde The Gaspard Bellegarde Family .... Anyone who can help Mrs.' Brass with their request may write to them at this address: 72-2939 Fairlea Cres., Ottawa, On­ NOTE: tario, Kl V 9A5. Best Wishes Dear Editor: Thank you very cordially for your kind attention, by sending me the June \1979 issue of The Saskat­ chewan Indian. really interesting for me and my companions the fact of becom­ ing acquainted with this magazine and so with the problems of the Native Community he represents. The graphical presentation and the richness and variety of contents are indeed outstanding ones. It is we wish all the best for I wish Native Community and your your - worthy magazine. Sincerely yours, Roberto Tamara Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Page 25 �Group Art Show Excites Interest In Vancouver On August 26 & 27, 1979 a group of seven Saskatchewan Indian Ar­ tists exhibited ninety one objects of art at a Private showing in Van­ couver, British Columbia. The successful Art show, which excited local Art Dealers and private collectors alike, was elegantly presented at the private Estate, Casa Mia, of Doctor J. Ross Maclean of Vancouver. Casa Mia is well known across Canada as a hosting place of prestigious private events. The art show, which was jointly presented by Doctor J. Ross Maclean and the Saskatchewan In­ dian Arts & Crafts Corporation, was the first attempt ever under­ taken to exhibit this number of ar­ tistic creations by a group of Saskat­ chewan Indian Artists outside of Saskatchewan. Myles Charles talks about life in northern Saskatchewan and its influence the United States. These portraits are done in great detail by the use of pastel pencil on velour paper. Robert's work has been displayed in various places throughout Canada. A documentary film, with Robert a portrait of one of our famous Indian chiefs from Saskat­ chewan, has been produced by the National Indian Arts and Crafts Corporation as part of a series of films, for world distribution, pro.moting Canadian Indian Arts & Crafts for Education and marketing promotion purposes. Although this was Robert's first major show, his work was highly praised for it's in­ tricate detail and was taken for granted by many, who attended the art show, as 'work done by an artist who has had considerable training in art. But, of course Robert has had no training and like many In­ dian Artists is gifted with natural talent. Robert and his wife Dalphine have a seven year old daughter, who was the model of one of his portraits titled "The Princess". doing Robert Bellegarde The private showing presented twelve works by Robert Bellegarde who is from the Little Black Bear Reserve near Balcarres, Saskat­ chewan. Robert does portraits of famous Indian chiefs and Elders of many tribes throughout Canada and Page 26 on his work. � Another Saskatchewan Indian Artist, Myles Charles, who is a member of the La Ronge band in Northern Saskatchewan, exhibited works done in oils and acrylics and also some limited edi­ tion prints. Born in La Ronge, Saskatchewan, on December 2, 1938 Myles began painting while in grade four at the Prince Albert Indian Residential School. Because of this early interest, which was noticed and encourage by his teachers in the ten on canvas early sixties" he was encouraged take formal instruction. He at­ tended the Southern Institute of Alberta Fine Arts College for a four year course'. He graduated in 1968 and returned to his Birth place of La Ronge. He has, since then, con­ tinued to work in the fields con­ nected with Northern life. He has worked for the Department of Nor­ thern Saskatchewan Resources as well as guiding for various camps to and working as a sign writer. In relation to Myles creativity as a painter, his central theme revolves around sights he has seen and peo­ ple he has observed in the north with scenery that one must see to ap­ preciate. Mediums which he uses to express himself include oils, acrylic paints and stone sculpture. He sculpts using a local steatite which is known as pipestone. Although this was Myles first major showing, Art �dealers and private collectors im­ mediately noticed the diversification abilities of this complex artist and marveled at the ease with which he can put people and nature together in a realistic manner without one out-balancing the other. Myles also has the ability to create images which can fool even the most critical creating observing by actually images in one eye two or more and has to search hard to find these multi images. One has to only travel to Lac La Ronge to view an on go­ ing exhibition of Myles's work which adorns the walls of some local businesses. These painting are often done on a large scale, some being 8 feet x 12 feet. � Canadian pamtmgs, Fisher's style of painting is realistic, but with strong overtones. Although Sanford is entirely self-taught he possesses a technique which belies a "better than life" fabrication. Sanford has displayed or sold his paintings in such places as the Saskatchewan Power Corporation building in Regina, the Assiniboia Art Gallery in Assiniboia and has also sold paintings to various parts of Europe. Sanford is one of a very many few North American artists who has been honored to have his work as part of a collection at the Republic of China Institute for the study of Ethnic nationalities in Peking, China. Fisher uses basically acrylics on canvas and with this medium alone he has achieved a unique technique and style which has gain­ ed him wide recognition. Sanford and his wife Myrtle have seven children and are presently residing in Regina. � John Halkett, who exhibited eleven paintings, is a Cree Indian from the La Ronge Indian Band of Northern Saskatchewan. The in­ terests of this artist have always centered around the ways of Nor­ people's lives, which he began painting in 1975 and it was because of this unique portrayal done in a thern reminiscent of European technique of painting that caught the interest of art dealers and private collectors alike. A communi­ ty college course further encouraged John to continue his interest in art in 1974. He attended the Banff manner Calvin Sand Calvin Sand is a member of the Mistawasis Indian Reserve, ex­ hibited 7 works of art. He was always interested in art but never had any formal training until he had the opportunity to work with Sarain short year. It seems this was the kick-off to doing uni­ que work with acrylic on hide/or on canvas with diverse effects using feathers, claws and leather. This was Calvin's first major show. Stump for one � Sanford Fisher, of the Gordon In­ dian Reserve near Punnichy, Saskatchewan, exhibited twenty­ two paintings which excited with his· strength in everyone creating sceneries with color brilliance that is rarely seen in any which is School of Fine Arts taking a course in film animation. The Saskat­ chewan Indian Cultural College in Saskatoon led John to take their fine arts classes which he completed in 1976. He then obtained ex­ perience in other mediums of art such as silk and various screening, photography printing process. Other activities of this artist concerned his community through local radio broadcast where he was employed for two years. Throughout these years John has had three showings of his work attracting buyers from different parts of Saskatchewan as well as out of the province interest. Currently John is employed within the Education curricula John R. Halkett development, on his reserve, as an illustrator. By actively engaging in the Education process he feels he will encourage further understan­ ding and preservation of the Indian culture. John is familiar with the medium of oil and acrylic paints as well as silk screening and also sculpts in stone. The major theme of his work expresses the various nor­ thern wilderness activities he has ex­ perienced. Perhaps the best known artist who exhibited paintings at the art show was Micheal Lonechild, who is from the White Bear Reserve near Carlyle, Saskatchewan. Micheal who exhibited twenty-one works of art, completely overwhelmed everyone with his very accurate ability of making time stand still by his strong protrayal of Indian life on a reserve. The son of George and Loneghild, Michael studied at schools on {be White Bear reserve, the Gordon's Indian residential Irene School 'and the Punnichy School. Lonechild is basically High self­ he is grate full to Ernest Luthi of Pun­ nichy for his friendship and tutoring about painting. Lonechild's basic approach to painting is very similar to that of Allan Sapp of the Red Pheasant Reserve near North Bat­ tleford. That is to say, his fun­ damentally realistic style is given an impressionistic overlay so that a definite mood and feeling in each painting is created for the viewer. taught artist, a although Also like Sapp, the common subject (continued) Page 27 �- of Lonechild's paintings is the reat life of his cree people as they carried out everyday tasks on the White Bear Reserve not so many years ago, "About the way the peo­ ple used to live on the Reserve not long ago." -He describes his artistic purpose as recording as much about reserve life as he can before it is lost forever. Therefore, his art is a valuable and enduring record of In­ dian life on a southern Saskat­ chewan reserve before the modern technocratic world obliterates it. Lonechild has had several very suc­ cessful one-man shows in Calgary, matter - Edmonton, Estevan, Weyburn, Regina and Carlyle. When he is not painting or tending to the affairs of his young family. He enjoys karate, trapping, ice fishing and just walk­ ing around the reserve in order to get new ideas for his canvases. Michael is married to Gwen Littlechief and they have two sons, Rene and Joseph. �.,. Lloyd Pinay who is originally from the Peepeekisis Indian Reserve Fort Qu' Appelle in central Saskatchewan, exhibited ten stone sculptures which promoted many gallery owners in the greater Van­ couver area to offer him exhibitions and to act as exclusive dealers for his works. Lloyd, who was born on December 2, 1955 in Fort Qu' Ap­ pelle and attended school and university in six areas of the Pro­ vince. First indications of his SCUlpting ability came in grade school where he received several first prizes for sculpture and ink drawings. Formal training included a first year art course at the Univer­ sity of Saskatchewan while under­ taking a Biology Major course in 1975. He began sculpting in stone in Regina at this time. Central themes include the wildlife one encounters throughout Saskatchewan Por­ trayals of the lifestyles that once ex­ isted on the plains. As a student of history he became aware of the various Indian beliefs and legends associated with the natural lifestyle of the Plains people and their in­ herent closeness to nature. Through the use of realism he has expressed these connections. With the oppor­ tunity to travel throughout the pronear Page _ 28 Michael lonechild stands before one vince and photograph it's wildlife and natural scenes Lloyd has under­ taken to sculpt in stone and wood these events. He considers working in such mediums a challenge since one cannot affort to make mistakes without destroying the image or having to rework the sculpture. A current major undertaking is to por­ tray in stone the Indian leaders of the past who contributed to the history of the Province. Other mediums Lloyd uses are clay and oil and acrylic painting. Eventually he hopes to accomplish himself in these fields. This is Lloyd's first major ex­ hibition although his work has been shown over much of Canada through private collectors and the television media. of his evocative canvasses. - � James Ratt a Cree Indian from the Indian Reserve in LaRonge, Saskatchewan exhibited eight pain­ tings. He was born on January 6, 1954 and has resided in the area all his life. His painting is almost en­ tirely self taught with some in­ fluence from Myles Charles, another painter in the area. James is very close to his natural environ­ ment since he derives his income from trapping and fishing. In the winter he spends months on his traplines. During these months he is James Ratt able to observe closely his natural environment, its moods and phenomena. Familiarity with these surroundings has given him an abili­ ty to appreciate and respect as well as paint the land. His abilities as a hunter and fisherman have given many jobs guiding tourists and hunters. The- Familiarity has also led him to explore and record the teachings, the legends and the history of his people. He will often visit the oldest people and listen to their stories and accounts of lifestyles that have been obscured by �changing times. James' knowledge of the northern people and their lifestyles is not limited to his pain­ tings. He has recorded and il­ lustrated many legends and practises that might otherwise have been lost. Being aware Of this he presently works for the LaRonge Band Education Department. Emphasis is on including a very pertinent aspect of Indian culture in the education of younger members of the communi­ ty. Jack Drumond, Canadian Ex­ ecutive Services Overseas Director for Saskatchewan, was instrumen­ tally responsible in bringing together Doctor J. Ross Maclean and the Saskatchewan Indian Arts & Crafts Corporation to jointly spon- for the Saskatchewan region, for at­ tending the art show. Willard Ahenakew, President of the Saskatchewan Indian Arts & Crafts Corporation, stated that this is the first phase of a long range pro­ gram which is designed to promote Saskatchewan Indian Art outside of the Province. Herb Fiddler, Executive Director of the Saskatchewan Indian Arts & Crafts Corporation had indicated that they will be having other art shows & sales in other location. Michael Littlechief, Saskat­ chewan Indian Arts & Crafts Cor­ poration retail operations manager, was responsible for artistic direction and promotion. this art show. Mr. Drummond stated that it was a very refreshing and exciting experience to get in­ volved, as CESO, in projects such as this because it helps one to better understand Indian people in their day to day lives and persons such as himself can then apply their services in a more realistic manner. The Artists were thankful to have support by parties such as Alex Greyeyes, Federation of Saskat­ chewan Indians Director of Com­ munications and Walter Keyes, Superintendent of Economic Development, Department of In­ dian Affairs and Northern Affairs sor INDIAN ECONOMIC ACTION POLICY COUNCIL MEETS Members of the newly-formed F.S.I. Economic Action/Resource Management Program Policy Coun­ cil met recently for two days in Saskatoon on Oct. 3 and 4. This was the second meeting the policy council has held in the last two months to approve the plan for the action­ program and to begin to policy for economic management develop­ consider overall and resource ment for Saskatchewan Indians. gram calls for arrangement a five-year funding with both govern­ ments. - Steve Pooyak, chairman of the policy council, emphasized that this program is designed to help Saskat­ - lessen their bands dependency on economic develop­ ment funding from Indian Affairs alone, and to assist them in seeking forms of funding from other government departments and from - chewan - - - . During the meeting on Oct. 3 and .4, the policy council decided to locate the program's technical secretariat in Saskatoon. The pro­ gram will also have fieldworkers in each district and agency who will be directly accountable to the bands and the district chiefs; and who will help bands and band members plan, and set up economic development the private business sector. Mr. Pooyak went on to say that "one of the biggest challenges we will have in the beginning will be to explain to chiefs and councils and band members what we are all about. So we will spend a lot of time initially speaking with chiefs and band members discussing how our program can assist them with their projects. Don Pooyak, managing economic development director of the Economic Ac­ tion/Resource Management Pro­ gram emphasized that this program does not replace the economic development funding program ad­ ministered by the Department of In­ dian Affairs. Mr. Pooyak said that $400,000 has been received from the Department of Indian Affairs for the fiscal year 1979/80, and an addi­ tional $400,000 is being sought from the province of Saskatchewan on a policy council is the overall policy-making part of the Economic Action/Resource Management Pro­ gram. The council also reviews the work of the field services unit and the technical secretariat unit (com­ posed of technical and professional staff who provide support to fieldworkers and bands). There are 13 members of the policy council altogether. Two members of the policy council are chosen by each district and one from the Shellbrook cost-sharing federal-provincial agreement. Initial plans for this pro- The Agency. The members of the policy coun­ cil are as follows: North Battleford District Chief Gordon Albert, Chief Alex Harper; Prince Albert District Chief Myles Venne, Chief J ames Burns; Meadow Lake District Chief Frank Iron, Chief Jerry Noltcho; Saskatoon District Chief Chief Joe Andy Michael, Yorkton District Quewezance; Chief Ken Sparvier, Chief Felix Musqua; Touchwood File Hills Chief Alex Qu' Appelle District Bellegarde, Chief Ron Rosebluff; Shellbrook Agency Chief Ed Fine­ plans." - - - day. Montreal Lake Honors "Citizen Of The Year" On the evening of Friday, August 17, Montreal Lake Band honored their senior citizens by hosting a special supper in their honor. Combined with this event, the "Citizen of the Year" was selected. As the result of a difficult choice, Dorothy K. Bird was given a plaque, an award annually presented to a worthy member of the band. Dorothy is the Community Health Representative, a position she has ably filled for many years. -FLORENCE POORMAN Page 29 �New Federal School For Little Red River The official opening of a new Federal School at Little Red River Reserve tok place on Friday August 31, 1979 with. some 50 residents and Indian Affairs officials in at­ tendence. Chief Miles Venne of Lac La Ronge and Chief Gilbert Bird of Montreal Lake Reserves were in at­ tendence. This school financed & con­ structed by the Department of In- OFFICIAL OPENING Chiefs Gilbert Bird of Montreal Lake and Miles Venne of Lac La dian Affairs, will accomodate ten Nursery and 17 kindergarten students. The reserve is in a very unique situation. As a result of the Treaty negotiations, a strip of land was granted to residents of La Ronge and Montreal Lake Bands for use by those who wanted to farm. The farmers are very successful in pro­ viding for themselves. This reserve Page 30 Ronge cut the ribbon to established in 1948 and the per­ residents here can proudly call this reserve their home. Senator Angus Mirasty and others helped to accomplished this agreement. This new facility was constructed close to the old school, which was built in 1928. The school features a was manent large classroom, an all-purpose a complete kitchen area and another small kitchen complete with room, officially open the new school. 24-inch high sink, and cupboard just the right height for the small fry. Teacher Mrs. Terry Blocka and Teacher-aid Lucy Henderson are the educators of this very spacious and a space attractive structure. August Kolen, Engineer & Ar­ chitect with the Department of In­ dian Affairs, designed the building. Special features include exterior �Emile Carignan; Regional Co­ ordinator of Education from Regina siding and concealed eav­ troughs and down spout. The oil­ cedar heated x attended the a opened In con­ prayer. tion with the result: "I commend all who came to witness this celebration and all the workers of this project." Chief Venne explained that to foster understanding and to promote the growth of education is of great satisfaction. He extended wishes of continued success and thanks to all for the beautiful were given to Mr. architect who the August Kolen, helped in every aspect of building. Special Chiefs with a plaque for the school. Mr. Emil Carignan supported the chiefs in their gratitude to the peo­ ple of this reserve, which is to be commended for the work they did two the gratulating all the people who had some input into construction of this facility, Chief Miles Venne of La Ronge expressed the band's satisfac­ responsible building. event. Les of - ceremoney with thanks Mic Mac new • Henderson, a guidance Christopher Lake spoke on behalf of the school parents of Little Red River Reserve: "This is the only way we can im­ prove; our children start to learn at home. In preparation for the educa­ tion of our children this school is He referred to the that reality." communication breakdown we have in Indian families. "Our young children do not understand the elders because they are educated away from home," he stated. This beautiful school will serve the community well and will be maintained as the 50 year old school was. Local labour was used to con­ struct this facility: six men from the Little Red River Reserve and two from La Ronge band were employed in the project. Chief Miles Venne expressed it well when he used the word "Miyasin" to describe the . and the joint achievements made by the two bands. Active members of these bands, the school committees and parent involvement are what makes an occasion like this materialize, he said. Chief Gilbert Bird, addressed the many people in the audience and ex­ pressed the importance of high quality of education which is needed in this modern and changing world. "Working in harmony with another band on this occasion has been important for me." school. '-FLORENCE POORMAN Exchange Students Enjoy Stay In Waterhen Exchange Student Program something new for both the An was Ellis, Acting Education, Superintendent Prince Albert District, presented the is conveniently and surrounded 32' 66' cement sidewalk and land­ structure large by a scaped grounds. Senator Mirasty - John counsellor for the students of Waterhen Lake Reserve and the Mic Macs of Nova Scotia. This student exchange program, sponsored by Secretary of State in Ottawa, was co-ordinated by the Saskatchewan Indian 4-H club in Saskatoon. Seventeen Mic Mac students from Membertou and Chapel Island spent from August 12-21 in Waterhen. It was quite ·an adventure for the Mic Mac students who had never seen the west and it's people. Ac­ commodation was provided by families of Waterhen. Much to the surprise of the eastern visitors, some luxuries were unavailable, such as inside toilet facilities, running water, good T.V. reception. They were surprised at the limited number of telephones installed in homes. The most interesting part of their observations was how flat the west is. The trees also seemed bigger than trees seen at home. They were amaz­ ed that houses were built so far apart. One of the students com­ mented that he was surprised to see so many toads and mosquitos in a large body of clean water. (continued) Waterhen lake Students at the Saskatoon Airpot, returning from their eastern visit. Page 31 �The hand exchange students were on for a Waterhen Lake Workshop held on August 17,18,19. It was quite a learning experience for both the Eastern and Western youths as they listened to Elders talk about Indian Organizations and the Indian way of life. The workshop was planned to coincide with the dates of the visit. On August 21 st, the Mic Mac students flew home, and fifteen Waterhen Lake students boarded a train for the journey to the east coast. Glen Martell commented on the to Nova Scotia on behalf of the Waterhen Lake students who arriv­ ed back home by plane. Although exhausted and suffering from jet trip lag, they happy to de-plane at Saskatoon. Then came the three and one half hour trip to Waterhen were MlC MAC EXCHANGE STUDENTS Back row, left to right: George Marshell, Clifford Paul, Paul Gould, Dennis LaPorte, George Christmas. Front row, left to right: Terrv johnson, supervisor Danny Paul. Bottom Photo Back row, left to right: Clarence Gould, Blair Paul, john Marshell, Dennis Nevins. Front row, left to right: Monica johnson, Marlene - Matthews, Margaret johnson. Missing are Heidi Marshell and Cyril Polchies. Lake. Martell noted that the journey was a real learning experience for all, especially seeing the ocean and experiencing the plane ride. He also stated that the Cabot Trail in the Mountains was something to see. He pointed out that the people were friendly and asked alot of questions about the west. Both the Waterhen Lake and the Mic Mac students claim that they would like to see another program of this kind next summer. They would be anxious to get involved again. -SAM WASKEW ITCH � teachers, students, parents It's the time of the new school year and, as always, teachers and students are anxious to return to their studies. One thing that can help you is a knowledge of the resources available from places outside of your school. We hope you will make use of our library a library about Indians! We have books, films, kits, -cassettes and other information about Indian people, and it is available to teachers, students, parents (and others) for loan. We lend by mail, up to 30 books at a time to teachers for their classes, and up to 4 books at a time to individuals for their own use. You can also borrow films for class, for recreation meetings, for film nights at the school, hall of band office. All you need to make use of all of these resources is a library card which we send you for no charge. Some examples of books you might want to borrow: Teachers find out "The shocking truth about Indians in textbooks". This book was done by the Manitoba In­ - - - - dian Brotherhood and is a textbook evaluation. Students read the words of wisdom of Chief Dan George in "My Heart Soars". Toronto, Hancock House, 1974. - Boys and Girls learn about the origin of fire in the legend by Maria Campbell "Little Badger and the Fire Spirit". Toronto, McClelland and Stewart, 1977. - Please remember �dian p.,e32 this is your library we hope you'll use it. Call or write us at this address: Saskatchewan In­ Cultural College, Library Department, Box 3085, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K 3S9 (244-1146, ext. 46) � - - �What famous 11l41&1t Cluet Sald. lnt �a�ldzew')t. IXdlalt " I 'un11 fli1t 11D �OTeVe7' mote -CultU)"81 Col1tg'e. / / L]�1"a)'y I, ?') • • tIe 'have. -what ht 1Van�s, }'"t '.he aoe� 'lzave a. 'L 1 brary Lard. �ll1.tt he a()e�'lit h'ave. a )lIrr81'¥ Cara } 1111n Sella tn.3\ WlUz. the boo1C�. RETURN LABEL '.�.��. � � (�( )j) \0)) � " �,� ... P05TAGEPolID8V Saskatchewan Indian Cultural ��:a3ci8�.ePt., Saskatoon, Sask. Coltege. � � "'V S7K 3S9 tJlth thl s 1abe."L ne can, �e.'J1.cl lht DbOJCS 'bac.k "�ntl2.­ OUt: jba �JYLi tne J>0s�ag'e. FlD'U,lION 0' '.SIlATCHIWAH INOtAI'41 s... ... "I1 ..... I",. .. " C ........ l C.II.", Li",,,o...,,_,,, l 11t(.�e bool'<! aT€ due m ....... � .......... s, CII.",S •• k_",S •• 3 WeelCs. �h IL.S?H0W_' Author' Title of book <:.1 Page 33 �TEACHING A CHALLENGING CAREER ARE YOU INTERESTED? THE INDIAN TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAM (I.T.E.P) IS NOW AC­ CEPTING APPLICATIONS FOR JANUARY, 1980. THIS PROGRAM LEADS TO A SASKATCHEWAN TEACHERS CERTIFICATE . . IF YOU HAVE A GRADE 12 OR IF YOU WILL BE 20 YEARS OF AGE BY SEPTEMBER 1,1980, YOU MAY APPLY TO: DIRECTOR INDIAN TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAM COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, ROOM 3023 UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN SASKATOON, SASKATCHEWAN S7N OWO PHONE: 343-2005 WE LOOK FORWARD TO HEARING FROM ALL INTERESTED PER­ SONS. THE DEADLINE FOR APPLICATIONS IS NOVEMBER 1, 1979. DEADLINE FOR UNIVERSITY EXTENSION CLASSES WINTER SEMESTER 1980 please submit requests before November 15, 1979 . INDIAN ARTIST KIND AND LEVEL OF WORK: Good academic background with specialized knowledge in North American Indian Art and design, history of Indian art, and art techniques. Perform research in the history of Indian art and art techni­ ques and organize it into the curricula for elementary and high school levels. Such development will be carried and direction of a supervisor. QUALIFICATIONS: tional practices. Experience. Personal acquaintance with the different forms of Indian culture, art and educa­ TRAINING: Grade XII plus a Certificate from the Indian Art Program. KNowledge of a Saskatchewan Indian language is essential. Teacher experience will be an asset. DEADLINE: Applications will be accepted to November 30, 1979. Apply to: Gail Bear, Coordinator, Curriculum Studies & Research Department, Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College, P.O. Box 3085, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K 3S9 (phone: 244-1146) Page 34 �FEDERATION OF SASKATCHEWAN INDIANS ECONOMIC ACTION/RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM The Economic Action/Resource Management Program is designed to help all 68 Bands in Saskatchewan to plan and implement economic development projects. A major thrust of the program is to assist Bands to lessen their dependency on government funding and develop op­ portunities to work and benefit from the private business sector. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FIELDWORKERS Management Program requires 7 persons to work will be hired to work in each district and agency in Saskatchewan. THE JOB: The Economic Action/Resource as fieldworkers. One fieldworker Assist Band Councils, District Chiefs, and Band members to identify, plan, fund, and start up economic ment projects; on and off reserves. Each fieldworker will be accountable to the District Chiefs, and the Bands, in his district or agency. - - QUALIFICATIONS: Work experience in business, economic development, or a related field. An understanding of community socio-economic problems and strategies A degree in business administration or commerce is not necessary. A willingness to participate in "on the job" training where necessary. SALARY: Commensurate with qualifications, from $; 5,700/annum. LOCATION: The F.S.I. Office in each district and agency. DEADLINE FOR APPLICATIONS: November 15, 1979. develop- - - on Saskatchewan Indian Bands. - - CO-ORDINATOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FIELDWORKERS The Economic Action/Resource Management Program requires 2 key people to work as co-ordinators of the pro­ gram fieldworkers. One will have responsibility for the northern fieldworkers, the other will have responsibility for the southern fieldworkers. THE JOB: - and co-ordinating the fieldworkers' assistance to Bands, District Chiefs, and Band members. Co-ordinators will, themselves, in some cases, work directly with Bands and District Chiefs to help them: identify, plan, fund, and start up economic development projects. QUALIFICATIONS: Work experience in business, economic development or a related field of development. Proven ability to work well with Chiefs and Band Councils. Experience in group facilitating and training, particularly in problem solving, planning and team building skills. A degree in business administration or commerce is not necessary. An understanding of community socio-economic development problems and strategies. Supervising - - - - - - SALARY: Commensurate with qualifications, from $17,500 LOCATION: Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. annum. DEADLINE FOR APPLICATIONS: November 15, 1979. DIRECTOR HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT The Economic Action/Resource Management Program requires an experienced person to fill this key position in the Technical Secretariat Unit. THE JOB: - - - � Assist Saskatchewan Indian Bands to: identify their training needs, plan training programs, seek funding and start up training sources programs for economic and resource development projects. Develop policy recommendations concerning Saskatchewan Indian Economic Development Training Strategy. Direct and co-ordinate the internal training programs for the staff of the Economic Actien/Resource Management Project. Page 3S �QUALIFICATIONS: Considerable work experience in Human Resource Development Management, particularly in staff development and training. Degree or equivalent in Business Management or Adult Education. Demonstrated ability to design and run training programs including those with workshop-type formats. An understanding of community socio-economic development problems and strategies. SALARY: Commensurate with qualfications, from $25,OOO/annum. LOCATION: Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. DEADLINE FOR APPLICATIONS: November 15, 1979. - - - _. DIRECTOR RENEWABLE RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT The Economic Action/Resource Management Program requires an experienced person to fill this key position in the Technical Secretariat Unit. THE JOB: Assist Saskatchewan Indian Bands to: identify renewable resource potential, plan strategies for its development, seek sources of funding and start up renewable resource development projects. D.evelop policy recommendations concerning Saskatchewan Indian renewable resource development. - - Initiate research to identify potential new renewable resource opportunities for Saskatchewan Indian Bands. QUALIFICATIONS: Several years work experience in a range of renewable resource development activity, such as forestry, fresh- - - fishing, or game management. Recognized degree in some area of renewable resource development is preferable but not essential. Knowledge of current federal and provincial legislation pertaining to renewable resource development. Demonstrated ability to train people in the principles of renewable resource development. An understanding of community soclo-economic development problems and strategies. SALARY: Commensurate with qualifications, from $25,Oq,O/annum. LOCATION: Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. water - - - - DEADLINE FOR APPLICATIONS: November 15, 1979. DIRECTOR INDIAN BUSINESS AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT The Economic Action/Resource Technical Secretariat Unit. Management Program requires an experienced person to fill this ·key position in the THE JOB; Assist Saskatchewan Indian Bands to: identify potential business ventures, study market and technical feasibility, seek funding, plan, and set up business projects. Develop policy recommendations for overall Saskatchewan Indian Business and Industrial Development - - Strategy. Identify potential - new business and industrial development opportunities for Indian Bands in Saskatchewan. QUALIFICATIONS: Several years of related experience in business and/or industrial development in Western Canada. The successful candidate will preferably have a broad range of experience in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors. Advanced degree or equivalent in Commerce or Business Administration is preferable but not essential. Demonstrated ability to train people in the principles of business and industrial development. A good understanding of community socio-economic development problems and strategies. SALARY: Commensurate with qualifications, from $25,OOO/annum. - - - - LOCATION: Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. DEADLINE FOR APPLICATIONS: November 15, 1979. Pale 36 �DIRECTOR MINING, MINERAL AND PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT The Economic Action/Resource Management Program requires an experienced person to fill this key position in the Technical Secretariat Unit. THE JOB: Assist Saskatchewan Indian Bands to: identify mining, mineral, and petroleum development potential, plan strategies for its development, seek funding, and start up operations. Develop policy recommendations concerning Saskatchewan Indian mining, mineral and petroleum development. Initiate research to identify potential new mining, mineral, or petroleum development opportunities for Saskatchewan Indian Bands. - - - QUALIFICATIONS: - - Several years of work experience in the mining and/or petroleum industry. Degree in mining, or metalurgical or petroleum engineering. people in the principles of mining and petroleum development. An understanding of community socio-economic development problems and strategies. SALARY: Commensurate with qualifications, from $25,000/annum. LOCATION: Saskatoon,. Saskatchewan. - Demonstrated ability to train - DEADLINE FOR APPLICATIONS: November 15, 1979. Send ment Managing Director, Economic Action/Resource Manage­ Program, Federation of Saskatchewan Indians, 10216 11th Avenue, resumes to: - North Battleford, Saskatchewan S9A 2S5 INFORMATION OFFICER The Saskatchewan Indian Community College requires an Information Officer who will be responsible for com­ munications and the public relations system of the College. As well, he/she will be responsible for the supervision and training of the Saskatchewan Indian Community College field staff. The successful candidate as part of the staff team will: 1. Provide liaison between the College and various local, provincial and federal departments and agencies which require information about the College. 2. Respond to requests from other staff members for audio-visual or print material for promotion or instruction. 3. Develop a liaison between the Indian Bands, Band Councils and the College. 4. Assist the District Chiefs and Councils in the selection of Field Co-ordinators. 5. Direct and supervise the Field Co-ordinators to ensure continuity and delivery of community education pro­ grams. 6. Assist the staff in determining the methods to identify community needs and assist field staff to resolve conflicts when they do arise. 7. Evaluate the activities of the Field Co-ordinators. 8. Assist in any support functions of the College and any other duties as may be assigned from time to time by the Principal. Candidates will have a working knowledge of government departments and agencies, both provincial and federal; appreciation of Indian developments; ability to speak an Indian language would be an asset; possess a valid operator's license; own a vehicle and have the ability to travel as required. an Salary is negotiable. Forward you application and/or resume to: Mr. Oliver Cameron, Principal, Saskatchewan In­ Community College, 1030 Idywyld Drive North, Box 3085, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K 359 by November 2,1979. dian Paae37 �CAREER COUNSELLOR The Saskatchewan Indian Community College requires a Career Counsellor. The Counsellor would have extensive train­ contact with Adult Basic Education students that have shown an interest and need for information on further want more specific that students with Skill/Trades also have contact will He/she ing/educational/career possibilities. information regarding individual programs. Further, he/she will have information regarding financial support, how to apply for particular programs and help in planning relocation to urban areas. as part of the staff team will: a) Be knowledgeable about the training programs offered by the Saskatchewan Indian Community College. Teacher Educa­ b) Be knowledgeable about other training/educational programs offered for Indian adults Indian Federated other P.I.M.A. and Education programs. College tion Proqram. Indian Social Work Program, c) Be knowledgeable about employment prerequisites and opportunities within the Federation of Saskatchewan The Career Counsellor, - Indians. Saskatchewan d) Be knowledgeable about program offerings at Kelsey Institute of Applied Arts and Sciences, Vocational Albert and Prince Meadow Lake and Arts Sciences, Technical Institute, Wascana Institute of Applied etc. Business Centres, local Colleges, Universities, e) Be able to relate to individuals or groups of Indian adults in their home environment. f) Be proficient in counselling techniques and skills. g) Be proficient at public address. h) Be able to administer and interpret aptitude tests. i) Be proficient in the preparation and use of audio-visual equipment in an educational setting. Reserves. j) Be able to travel extensively to visit and address classes or community groups on QUALIFICATIONS: Energetic, independent - individual who enjoys research, travel and meeting individuals and groups of Indian adults. Skill in counselling methodologies and public address. Knowledge of the economic conditions of Reserve communities. Knowledge in educational and training opportunities available for Indian adults in the province. - - - Knowledge of - an Indian language would be a definite asset. Forward your application and/or resume to: Mr. Oliver Gameron, Principal, Saskatchewan Indian Community 3S9 by November 2, 1979. CQllege, 1030 Idywyld Drive North, Box 3085, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K Co-ordinator of Band Staff Training for the Saskatchewan Indian Community Colle,ge DUTIES: - - - - - the bands. Identify training needs in Band Staff Training by working closely with the field staff and and other agencies inthe other with in coordination Staff colleges Band Training Develop training programs in volved in Band Staff Training. Writing up training proposals and budget submissions for Band Staff Training. Co-ordinate the delivery of Band Staff Training in co-operation with the bands and the field staff. and availability and forward Compile information on Band Staff Training in terms of funding, type of training and field staff the to information this college. bands, QUALIFICATIONS: - - - - - administraA good understanding of Indian government, chief and council systems, reserve management and tion. administration. Knowledge in the areas of program, personnel and financial management and Good organizational skills. Knowledge of an Indian language would be an asset. Must have a vehicle and driver's license. in writing with The salary is negotiable. Deadline for applications is November 2, 1979. Applicants should apply P.O. Box 3085, Saska­ Indian Saskatchewan College, Community complete resume to: Oliver Cameron, Principal, toon, Saskatchewan S7K 3S9 Paae38 �SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN AGRICULTURE PROGRAM INC. Co-ordinator, Saskatchewan Indian Agribition and Fair DUTIES: a) Plan, organize, promote and eventually implement the first Saskatchewan Indian Agribition and Fair proposed for 1980 under- the sponsorship -of the Yorkton District Chiefs and District Agricultural Board. b) Evaluate, and continue planning with respect to staging an All-Indian Fair as an annual event. c) Total organization of the event in co-operation with Chiefs, respective committees. d) Over-all co-ordination of the various committees responsible for the other components of the events. e) Direct organization, and chairmanship of the Agricultural component. f) Report on the continual basis to the Yorkton District Chiefs, and to respective committees on arrangements, problems, financing and general progress. QUALIFICATIONS: , - - - - - - A wide variety of and experience. training and/or experience is acceptable for qualifications for this position, this includes training - Leadership experience in the Indian community. Organizational, promotional and publicity experience. Experience with farming and agriculture development in general on Indian reserves. Experience with recreation and sports activities. Association and/or participation in agricultural fairs, shows and sales, rodeos, sports and recreation events sidered an asset. con- SALARY: $1,000 per month. The deadline date is October 22, 1979. Send applications to: Henry Delorme, Saskatchewan Indian Agriculture Pro­ gram Inc., 1410 Chateau Tower, 1920 Broad Street, Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 3V6 SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN AGRICULTURE PROGRAM INC. Indian Agricultural Extension Worker, Prince Albert DUTIES: To work directly with the District Agricultural Representative (Indian Reserves) towards developing a well balanced Agricultural Extension Program with emphasis in the following areas: provide advisory services and technical information to Indian farmers and Band projects in livestock production, cereal and forage crop production, land use, farm machinery, buildings and farm management including use of credit and farm accounting. provide information to Band Councils and individual farmers on Agricultural Development Policies and programs under the Saskatchewan Indian Agriculture Program Inc. and other agencies. assist with planning and development of Agriculture projects and people on Indian Reserves. - - - . - - assist in the establishment of Indian 4-H clubs. QUALIFICATIONS: - - - - farm experience and training, preferably with education at high school level that would allow future formal train­ ing at the university level. ability to work with, motivate and communicate with people on the Reserve level. ability to work with, discuss and relate problems with other people involved with various programs and resource people including professional agrologists. free to travel in the assigned districts and available to start immediately. STARTING SALARY: $1,328 per month with B.S.A. Degree in Agriculture - - - $1,003 per month - with farm experience and eligible for advanced formal training. The deadline date is October 22, 1979. Send applications to: Kenneth C. Thomas, Program Manager, Saskat­ chewan Indian Agriculture Program Inc., 1410 Chateau Tower, 1920 Broad Street, Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 3V6. �Peavine Rangers Win 1979 Canadian Native Fastball Title Rangers of Alberta captured the Canadian Native Fastball Championship, defeating Flying Dust of Saskatchewan, 7-0, in the final of the three-day fastball tournament played recently at Gordie Howe Park in this city. Prince Albert Tribesmen, '78 cham­ pions, were defeated by Gordon's in 'A' semi-final action and later were knocked out of conten­ tion by '78 finalists, Flying Dust, in B-pool semi-final game. SASKATOON - Peavine CHAMPIONSHIP TROPHY Solomon Sanderson presents the championship trophy, symbolic of Canadian native fastball supremacy to members of the Peavine Rangers. Page 40 A total of 26 native fastball teams from the three western provinces participated in three days of fastball action for the coveted title and a total of $4500 in prize money, plus individual awards. Among officials attending the opening ceremonies were Sol Sanderson, first vice-president and acting chief of the F.S.I.; Doug Cuthand, secretary of the F.S.I.; Morley Watson, Metis Society; Alex Greyeyes Director of Cornmunications, F.S.I.; Alderman Owen Mann of Saskatoon; and Bernice Hammersmith representing her hus­ band, Jerry, DNS minister. A congratulatory message from the Minister of Northern Saskat­ chewan stressed that "We are very fortunate in this province to have organizations such as the FSI and AMNIS who have done so much to provide cultural and recreational leadership, in addition to the many other areas in which they play a . �FLYING OUST 1979 Canadian Native Fastball leading role in the life of our pro­ vince. "I think that events such as this do a great deal to bring Indian and Metis people together, helping to enhance our sense of identity and our sense of our own special place in the fabric of this nation," said an FSI representative. Prior to the opening game, with Doug Cuthand, behind the plate, Owen Mann at bat, and Bernice Hammersmith throwing the first pitch, the 1979 Canadian Native Fastball Championships were de­ clared ·open. Peavine Rangers, from the High River area in northern Alberta clob­ bered Montreal Lake of Saskat­ chewan, 21-0 in three ii:mings of ac­ tion and proceeded to take down Green Lake, Sask., Little Black Bear, Sask., Prince Albert Indian and Metis Friendship Centre, and Gordon's Sask., 5-2, in A semi-final action. Gordon's scored one run in the second inning, with Ian Morris, los­ ing pitcher, scoring on David George's single out to left field, but rather were mowed down one, two, three on strike outs. The last scoring threat made by Runners-up Gordon's was in the last and seventh ball out to center field for the last inning when Garth Geddes and Morley Watson came home on Charlie Cyr's single to left field, but out. before Watson had hit a double and Tony Sparvier hitting a long two not Pea vine scored one run in the first inning, another in the third, added more in the fourth. Elmer (continued) REPEAT PERFORMANCE Wayne Ahenakew presents trophy to 1979 finalists, Flying Dust. Accepting the award are Eugene Arcand and Bob Roy. Flying Dust were also the 1978 finalists. Page 41 �Anderson, winning pitcher, helped his own cause, hitting the ball over the fence in left field in the sixth and added another run in the seventh for its unblemished record in A pool. The route to victory was not easy for Flying Dust. They were knocked to the B-side of the 26 team, double­ knockout competition after dropp­ ing a 3-0 decision to Prince Albert Friendship Centre. Rebounding Flying Dust blanked Edmonton, 3-0, defeated Saskat­ chewan Indian Cultural College, 3-2, Fort Nelson Manitoba, 3-0, Ed­ monton 3-0, North Battleford Friendship Centre, 3-2, and playing back to back in three 5-inning games defeated Prince Albert Friendship Centre, 2-0, Prince Albert Tribesmen, 12-4, and Gordon's 3-2, to capture B pool action. Flying Dust facing an enormous task after emerging victorious from B pool, surprised Peavine taking the first game, 1-0, despite completing three games back to back, which took its toll. Peavine's only scoring threat came in the second inning when, with two out, Peter Freeman hit a single followed with a double by Anderson Elmer advancing Freeman to third. After that Meras­ ty made no mistakes. Flying Dust was held hitless for two innings until Louis Gardiner lead off with a bunt, but was later MOST VALUABLE PLAVER AWARD Chief Percy Deroucher of Flying Dust presents trophy to Lyle Villeneuve, cen­ tre fielder for Flying Dust. Villeneuve was also selected to the all-star team. called out for a lead-off at first base. Flying Dust scored its winning run in the fourth inning with Eugene Arcand hitting a single, advancing on a safe bunt made by Armand Lambert and corning home on Bob Roy's safe hit down the left field. During the second' and deciding game, after pitching 22 innings of ball; Merasty held Peavine to only three hits in the first three innings. During the fourth inning Terry Kotchie lead off with a double to right field, advancing with Joey Sinclair's sacrifice "bunt and later scoring on Peter Freeman's sacrificed fly ball. Peavine scored another run in the fifth inning with John Derro coming home on Lloyd Cunningham's dou- RECEIVES SURPRISE PACKAGE SPORTSMAN AWARD Milton Burns, tourney co-ordinator, presents a carton of sunflower seeds to Chief Percy Deroucher for his wat­ chful eye, nailing the most loyal fan of the tourney. Solomon Sanderson presents trophy to Mel Parenteau of Prince Albert Tribesmen for displaying sportsmanship combined with playing ability. Page 42 �ble to left field, and Brian Sinclair outracing a throw from third base, but the damage had already been done when Robert Fiddler came in as relief pitcher. Fiddler held Peavine hitless for one inning, but Peavine went to the bat in the seventh and last inning, scoring three big runs. Lloyd Cunningham lead the onslaught, starting off with a single out to right field, followed by singles hit by Ross Derro and Terry Sinclair, and climaxed by a triple off the bat of Joey Sinclair to bring in two runs and later scoring on an overthrow. Despite losing the final and deciding game, Flying Dust played a strong game, consistent in its fan­ tastic rushes and catches made by the little speedster in center field and the errorless play of its in-field. Lyle Villeneuve, the Flying Dust center-fielder, was a sure winner of the Most Valuable Player award, despite losing the game to Peavine. Elmer Anderson, was another likely candidate for the award. Mel Parenteau was awarded the Most Sportsmanlike Player of the tournament, and Chief Percy Durocher of Flying Dust was also another certain winner as Most Loyal Fan as evidenced by his pac­ ing througout the two exciting A- B final games. Selections to the all-star roster in­ cluded Peter Freeman (catcher) Peavine Rangers; Lloyd Cunn­ ingham (1st base) Peavine Rangers; Barry Ellis (2nd base) Gordon's; Morley Watson (3rd base) Gordon's; Eugene Arcand (short­ stop) Flying Dust; Kevin Burns (left field) Muskoday; Lyle Villeneuve SPORTS COMMENTARY by Archie King Indian sports need to be revamped. . . Our Indian youth recently gathered at Gordon's Residential School for the 1979 Saskatchewan Indian Summer Games. The time factor was one problem each district was faced with in deter­ mining their top athletes In some cases, the students were attending a 4-H camp. It was one enormous task completed only with the help of the many .. dedicated workers out there. After the dust had settled, the outcome of three days of tough competi­ tion indicated a surprised Meadow Lake District leading the pack with 105 points. They were followed by Qu' Appelle, 101; Saskatoon, 100; Battlefords, 66; Prince Albert, 54; and Yorkton, 29. Top athlete to emerge from among the youngsters was no stranger. Ron­ nie Ahenakew who won the award in 1978, captured the award again this year. However close at his heels was the top female athlete, Sonia MacKay, who captured first place in all events in which she competed. Also, a total of 26 top native fastball teams invaded Saskatoon, swinging their way towards the Canadian Native Fastball Championship title and the right to host the event in 1980. Familiar names went down to defeat. James Smith and Cote Selects to Edmonton, Alberta, and '78 champions, Prince Albert Tribesman, bowing this time to '78 finalists, Flying Dust from the Meadow Lake area. The road was very rocky for some. Prince Albert Tribesmen required six extra innings to dispose of Canoe Lake in a (controversial) 11 inning marathon game. They also needed an extra inning to sideline Muskoday. Meanwhile the '79 finalists emerged from B pool unblemlished, sidelining the Cultural College team, Fort Nelson, Edmonton, Battlefords Friendship Cen­ tre, P .A. Friendship Centre, Tribesmen, and finally Gordon's. The boys raised the dust completing two fine-inning and two seven­ inning contests back to back before losing the deciding game. No disgrace to the boys! Saskatchewan lost its sponsorship of the event when the powerful Alber­ entry, Peavine Rangers, nit their way to the CNFC title and the right to host the event in 1980. Undoubtedly, each centre concerned will be doing considerable soul­ searching by the time '80 rolls around. It is not too early to be thinking of regaining the athletic potential for the Summer Games and the formation of a true winning ball team for 1980. ta (center field) Flying Dust; Max Iron (right field) Canoe Lake; and Elmer Anderson (pitcher) Peavine Rangers. According to co-ordinator Milton Burns, the tournament was one of the best and no 'Indian Time' was followed despite some games going into extra innings to declare a win­ ner such as Prince Albert Tribesmen and Muskoday's play to break a 4-4 deadlock. Special mention to game an­ nouncers Cliff Starr and our own Lawrence Weenie for their three hectic days describing the top notch native fastball action. Peavine Rangers, in capturing the 1979 Canadian Native Fastball Championship, will be hosting the prestigious Native ball tourney in 1980. -ARCHIE KING Across Water From Points North For Games Dillon Reserve, 30 miles west of Buffalo Narrows, is an isolated community north of 55 which is ac­ cessable only by plane or boat. Their first fastball and cross country events took place on August 11 and 12. Games got underway late Satur­ day morning teams arrived as the participating by boat under dif­ ficult, cloudy conditions. The final results on Sunday's games are as folows: Men's Fastball "A" champs were Dillon Chiefs, who were presented with $200.00. S1. George Selects won the "B" side and $100.00. On the Women's side, the "A" winners were Buffalo Narrows. They took home the $200.00 prize money. Men's Cross Country race went to Danny Bekkattla. First place prize money was $100.00. Ronnie Bekkattla came in second for $75.00 while $50.00 went to Walter Janvier for 3rd place. In the women's Cross-Country event, Jackie Billette crossed the wire for the first place award of $75.00. Susan Bekkattla claimed $50.00 as second-place winner, while Evelyn Nechroche collected the $25.00 third prize. -SAM W ASKEWITCH Page 43 �with Carol Fiddler in second. In 3rd spot was Marlene Paskimin followed by Angie Quinney. Derrick Favel and Stanely Sasakamoose won the men's half mile followed by John Fiddler, Darwin Sapp, Gordon Quinney, Lee Myo and Joe Wapass. Alfred Scott won the 50 years and over 100 yard sprint over Ed Foster and Philip Bear. Half Mile Relay Onion Lake relay team captured the men's half mile relay, Frog Lake was a close second and in 3rd and 4th places, Canoe Lake and Little Pine respectively. Waterhen Lake won the ladies over GRAND MARCH Chief Andrew ticipants at its Paddy leads the colorful, spectacular procession of dancing Indian days commemorating the signing of Treaty 6. par­ Indian Traditional Games Mark Centennial Signing Of Treaty 6 THUNDERCHILD The hosting of Indian traditional Summer Games marked the centennial sign­ ing of Treaty Six by Chief Thunder­ child of this Indian reserve. This community, situated about 68 miles northwest of North Bat­ tleford, had earlier officially laun­ ched its centennial activities by visiting the original site of the treaty signing at Sounding Lake, about 20 miles south of Provost, Alberta. Following the tradition of our - ancestors, many hopefuls came to outdo opponents in horse races, foot races, canoeing and fastball. After the dust had settled follow­ ing three days of activities, results of the team sporting events are as follows: Little Pine captured the soccer event. Muskeg Lake placed second Poundmaker, Sandy Lake, Sturgeon Lake, and Thunderchild while looked on. Sandy Lake later won the con­ solation event by defeating Sturgeon Lake. Fastball Canoe Lake dominated men's fastball action, defeating James Smith 6-3, while Flying Dust down­ ed Waterhen Lake 6-2, to capture Page 44 the consolation. Other teams par­ ticipating included Onion Lake, Thunderchild, Frog Lake and Little Pine. Poundmaker proved to be a powerhouse in ladies' fastball action defeating Sweetgrasss, 12-2, for the championship, while Frog Lake, Alberta, defeated Waterhen Lake to take the consolation. Other hopefuls included Thunderchild, and Flying Dust. Track and Field Derrick Favel of Poundmaker and Norman Quinney of Frog Lake won the 100 yard sprint in 15 years ,.' half mile relay followed by the Frog Lake team in second place. Thun­ derchild and Poundmaker finished 3rd and 4th. Running Broad Lena Fiddler won the ladies' broad jumping event followed by Sheila Merasty and Emily Laroque. Cameron Muskego topped the men's jumping event with Ralph Chief and Marvin Tuckinow placing second and third. Hop, Step and Jump Sheila Merasty won the ladies division. Second place went to An­ nette Jimmy and third to Leona Fid­ dler. Cameron Muskego once again won the men's division. Shadowed by Ralph Chief and Ronnie Meras­ ty. and 16 years and over respectively. Kevin Tootoosis and Albert Durocher followed Favel. Delvin Kennedy and Teddy Antoine followed Quinney in the 16 years and over. Holly Graham of Thunderchild and Lena Fiddler of Flying Dust won the ladies 100 yard relay followed by Patsy Favel, Patricia Merasty, Viola Moyah and Lorraine Moyah. In the half mile race, Patricia won the ladies 15 years and under division followed by Loretta Thunderchild and Holly Graham. Viola Moya took the 16 years and Merasty TRACK WINNER Holly Graham from the hosting com­ munity with her medals won in the 100 yards, 880 yards relay, and 880 yards track events. �5-Mile Cross Country Wayne Youngchief captured the event in an approximate time of 5 min. 30 seconds. Johnny Swift­ wolfe, Stanley Sasakamoose, Merlin Karn, and Carl Wapass finished close behind. Tug '0' War Flying Dust, combining muscle and weight, dominated the event in and men's divisions. followed by Poundmaker in ladies' and Little Pine in men's both They ladies were tugging. Canoe Racing (half mile) Prosper Iron from Canoe Lake lead all paddlers, followed by Jerry Bear from Little Pine and Albert Fiddler from Flying Dust. Later, Albert Fiddler teamed up with Lester Fiddler to win the one mile course. They were closely followed by Jerry Bear and Clarence Baptiste, and Cameron Muskego with Angus MacDonald. ON YOUR MARKS, GET SET .... Young girls line up at the starting line for the start of a great race at the Indian traditional games. Canoe Racing (5 mile) Allan Fiddler again teamed with Lester Fiddler to conquer the long tiresome trek. Next came Fred Fid­ dler and Herman Fiddler, Randy Martin and Jim SCOlt. The generous liaison twosome turned over their winnings to Thunderchild's Senior Citizen and to Bear and Baptiste team for canoe useage, retaining on­ ly $20.00 entry fee. Placing fourth were Prosper Iron and Frank Iron. Horse Races Mervin Stone captured the half­ mile shetland pony race, followed by Albert Lewis and Trevor Angus. Mike Baptiste won the quarter mile race for 14 hands and under followed by Mervin Stone and Charlie Paddy. Mike Baptiste was again a winner in the half-mile thoroughbred race, with Burton Frank and Leo Tootoosis coming in second and third. Mervin Stone added first place in the half-mile 14 hands and under pony race to his wins, followed by Mike Baptiste and Charlie Paddy. Gerald Pewapisconais captured the one mile race for Indian-owned horses, with Burton Frank claiming second and third wins. Mervin Stone and his partner won the one mile saddle horse relay followed by Garth Tootoosis and Donny Favel, and Gerald with Gary Pewapisconais. Mike Baptiste also won the 5-mile (continued) FIVE·MILERS Top five include (I-r) Johnny Swiftwolfe (silver), Carl Wapass (fifth), (fourth), Stanley Sasakamoose (bronze), Wayne Youngchief (gold). runners Merlin Kam CANOE RACES Indian canoeists prepare for take-off across the lake. Page 4S �cross country trek. Gerald Pewapisconais completed the course in second place, with Ken Tootoosis taking third. Chariots Albert Lewis outran Mike Bap­ tiste in the shetland pony chariot race. Mike Baptiste, on his brief stopover at Bonnyville, Alberta, for a chuck wagon meet, dominated the thoroughbred chariot race placing first, second and third. Presentation of Medals Concluding three days of athletic activities, members of the band council awarded medals for gold, silver, and bronze wins. A total of $10,200 prize money was offered in the three days of. competition. -ARCHIE KING FINAL TABULATION Of POINTS Band members, (far left) Gordon Thunderchild, Chief Andrew Angus prepare medal winners at the medal presentations. Lariviere's Grand Slam Nets Commodores Top Prize Of $800 The last events which took Thunderchild Summer Games was the match of fastball between Canoe Lake Commodores and James Smith Pirates. place at leg of . The game got underway with a cool breeze blowing and overcast conditions. The 1st inning came out scoreless. Peak performance on the 3rd inning brought James Smith Pirates with the score of 3 to O. The bottom of 4th. inning brought cheers to Canoe Lake as Number 35 Andy Lariviere made a Grand Slam Hit, to bring the final score 6 to 3 for the Commodores. CANOE LAKE COMMODORES A strong pitching performance demonstrated by Alvin Cons­ tant of the Commodores, who brought the 7th. inning game to a 63 decision. Alvin Constant played with the Regina Molsons in the Western Fastball Leaque. was The Commodores, won $800.00 along with trophies which were presented later that evening. An excellent, well' executed um­ pire, Mr. J. W. Tebay of Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, was on hand, along with unofficial local umpires on the sidelines. -SAM WASKEWITCH Page 46 FLYING DUST Paddy, and Barb �Ball Teams, Horse Races Share Spotlight Witchekan Lake held their annual George Thomas Memorial Race and Sports Day on August 4, 1979. There were a variety of events such men's fastball tournament, men's and women's footraces and horse­ as racing. Winners of the Yz mile race were Jeffrey Nighttraveller, Keith Jackson and Byron Johnston. These three winners received prize money and trophies; Mrs. Margaret Fineday donated a trophy for the women's footraces which was won by Clara Albert. Shirley Bighead came in second' and third went to Shirley Albert. These winners also received money and trophies. The Juvenile Girl's race was won by Vivian Poitras, second to Karen Fineday and third was won by Marie Fineday. These three winners receiv­ ed prize money. The winners of the young men's footrace were Byron Johnson, Keith Michael, Myles Kakum. Byron Johnson received a trophy donated by the Chief and Council. A total of four teams entered the fastball tournament. Entries were Little Pine, Chitek Rebels, Cochin and Beardy's Medallions. Little Pine and Chitek Rebels opened the tournament with Chitek Rebels win­ ning 2-1. Beardy's Medallions trounced Cochin 5-0. Little Pine won "B" side over 12-6 winning $100.00. Cochin Chitek Rebels played Beardy's with the Medallions taking the Cham­ pionship and $250.00 prize money. Henry Delorme of Cochin was the announcer at the horseracing events. Winners in the following categories were: Yz mile Shetland Pony Race was won by Lightning owned by Roger Moore. Second winner, Flash owned by Mervin Mandes and Third place winner was Double Dot Dash, owner John Thomas. The Barrel Race was won by Tom Adams with a time of 21.3. First place winner of the Five­ Furlong-Race was Pat Windsor owned by Ray Mandes. Second place winner went to Maganzer owned by Chris Delorme and third went to Sunday Shade owned by Clifford Sanderson. . Winner of the Six-Furlong-Race Diamond owned by Tom Gar­ was dipy. Playdee's Boy owned by Alex Poitras placed second; followed by Chino's Charm owned by Gerald Pewap. The Yz mile George Thomas Memorial Race was won by Daring Irish owned by Tom Adams. He took home the George Thomas Memorial Trophy donated by Jim Scott and a blanket donated by Ar­ nold Heppner of Spiritwood. Winner of the Yz mile Stock Race Bulk owned by Tom Adams while Second went to Stormy owned by Wyman Parker. Bill Hill owned by Gerald Pewap came in third. was -RUTH AHENAKEW Unusual Events Create Spectator Interest Lake reserve consisted of two days of fun and excitement and very fine weather over the week-end. A high-light of the occasion was the canoe races. In the ladies double event, winners were 1st place -Eileen Laliberte and partner Amilia Bird who won $50.00 a:nd atrophy. Se­ cond place went to Joyce Naytowhow and Beverly Bird. They won $25.00 in cash and a trophy. Third place team Ida Henderson and Rema Ballantyne took Sports Day at Montreal home$15.00. All the contestants paid a five dollar entry fee. In the men's contest, Ed Hender­ son and Gordon Henderson cap­ tured first place, earning them $50.00 and atrophy. In second place were Victor Lavallee and Thomas Henderson, who won a prize of $25.00 and a trophy. Frank Bird and Roy Bird, the third place finishers, were awarded $15.00 and a trophy. There were 14 entries in the ladies' singles competition. These ladies were divided into two heats and the winners of the two races squared off in a grand finale, with Harriet Charles, Gelinda Henderson, and Melinda Bird tak­ ing home the $25.00, $15.00 and $5.00 prize money respectively. In the men's singles, number 1 paddler was Brian Bird, second was Simpson Naytowhow, and third Roy Bird winning similar prizes as in the other events. In the crying contest, Baby Allan Bird howled his way to first prize in the 16 and under division. In the older age category top prize went to Frank Roberts who topped all the other liars to win that contest, too. A 2-hour 20-minute kiss was long enough for Alphonse Roberts and Lorraine Henderson to be dubbed 'Best Kissers" besides providing lots of fun for the friendly pair. These contestants were require to kiss while standing apart and ben­ ding toward each other quite an athletic feat! All the contests brought alot of entertainment to the spectators. The garlic eating contest created a fair amount of interest from a distance! Richard Bird and Percy Hunt ended the event in a tie, which could not be broken because the garlic supply ran out! , - - - -FLORENCE POORMAN First Rodeo At Band Prepared Corral Wahpeton Reserve hosted a two day Sports and Rodeo event on August 18 and 19. It was a first time venture for the band, and proved to be very successful and entertaining. There were 16 men's and ladies' entered in the ball tourna­ ment, which provided much enjoy­ ment for both players and spec­ tators. Another highlight of this oc­ casion was the Rodeo, held at the band farm corral. This corral was constructed by the summer students and some very hard work was put into its construction. With some supervision, the students also work­ ed on the ball diamonds and the booths in preparation for this event. There was an impressive grand entry parade made by the cowboys riding their beautiful horses and car­ rying eolorful flags. There was calf­ teams roping, steer-wrestling, bronc riding, goat tying, bull riding and of course the clowns performing their comical acts to protect the cowboys. The spectators filled the bleachers despite soaring temperatures. The two-day Rodeo featured some 150 contestants. Darwin Ar­ cand is a new member to the cowboy circuit and is a member of the Wahpeton Reserve. George Folland supplied the stock, well-known in the Rodeo circles, for this event. Mrs. Christine Brown was the an­ nouncer for Rodeo says, "Events were well attended and well­ received." -FLORENCE POORMAN Page 47 �Canoe Lake Picks Winners In Variety Of Contests A fastball tournament held at Canoe Lake- on August 11 and 12 had it's share of problems. The final games were hampered by rain on the last day of the annual event. Men's "A" finalists, came out strong during the 5th inning as- the Canoe Lake Commodores beat Cole Bay Saints with the score of 7 to 3. The Commodores took home $500.00 and trophies, while Cole Bay Saints settled for $200.00. Men's "B" championship went to Beauval Cardinals over Flying Dust with the score of 4 to 3. Cardinals took home $150.00 while $100.00 went to Flying Dust. There were other events such as the horse shoe competition, which had 24 two-man teams competing for $75.00 and a trophy. Over-all horse shoe champs were Frank Iron and John McCallum. In the Cross Country race first place finisher was Edward Opekokew, while Rene Iron came in second. There was a tie for third place between Jerry Iron and Andre Iron. CANOE LAKE COMMORDORES A Side Champs right: Alfred Iron, Neil Grigo, Max Iron, Prosper Corrigal, Andy lariviere, (unidentified). Bottom row, left to right: Edward Opikokew, Tom Iron, Top row, left - to Eval lariviere, Rene Iron. -SAM W ASKEW ITCH B Side Champs Antoine Morris, Richard Morris, Clarence Morin, Rene right: Morris. Bottom row, left to right: Max Morin, Joe Bonneau, Melvin Roy, larry Iron, John Mielke. BEAUV AL CARDINALS Top I row, - left to NEW EXCITING I EASY TO SELL FUND RAISING TICKETS also full line of BINGO SUPPLIES Frank Iron were (left) and John McCallum winners of the horseshoe com­ petition. Page 48 write for prices and catalogue to: Rainbow Canoro, Sosk. SOA ala (phone Novelty Supplies, - 306 - 563-5297) Box 1691, �Gordons Band Hosts Summer Games With the beat of parade got underway open the 1979 a to drum the officially Saskatchewan Indian Summer Games. Taking part in the parade were the cadets, carrying the flag; Belinda McNab, Indian Princess; Gordons Dancers and of course the Indian athletes. Chief Hilliard McNab extended a great welcome to all the athletes, coaches, chaperones, guests and parents. To the athletes, he gave words of encouragement to do their best in every sport, and hoped everyone would have a good time for the rest of the week. Chief Hilliard McNab flanked Sol Sanderson by attending dignitaries The minister of agriculture Mr. Gordon McMurchy, and the MLA for the Punnichy area, was pleased at the idea of the summer games which were started some years ago by Tony Cote. "The games are im­ portant. Whether you win or lose, you learn good sportsmanship, he told the athletes. A grant from the Province of Saskatchewan was received by the Gordon Band to host the games. To add to the grant, the Treaty Indian Liaison Unit under the portfolio of Minister McMurchy, Jim Scott and Randy Martin were officials in the sporting events of the games. In closing, Mr. McMurchy told the athletes to use opens games. all their energy in every event they participate in. Greetings from the federal government came from Mr. George Richardson M.P. for the Humboldt Lake Centre constituency. He gave a detailed account of Tom Longboat's achievements in becom­ ing a famous marathon runner. He hoped that the strong instincts of Tom Longboat would be something that each athlete strive to match. In Indian athletes years to come, should be in the Olympics, he told them. Mr. Tony Cote, Treasurer of the F.S.1. congratulated the Chief and Band Council of Gordon on their - Page 49 �provincial, national Pan Am, and wonderful effort in setting up the games, with such short "We can expand these games, he said, to hold summer games with more athletes. We have a duty to perform, to participate in provincial, national Pan am, and summer notice. Olympic games." Dr. Owen Anderson, director general for the region, marked the occasion with a gift to Chief McNab. He was delighted to see the athletes and would be watching some events the first day. There are many things happening in the pro­ vince like pow-wows, traditional Clubs, and now these summer games, he said, "With these events happening, strong games, 4-H leadership is built. Games like this show cooperation, friendliness and companionship to each athlete." Mr. Sol Sanderson, Acting Chief of the F.S.1. told the audience about a Sports College which would be brought up at the Annual Chiefs Conference in October. This would be brought under the hands of the Treasurer Tony Cote. Mr Cote presented a cheque to Chief Hilliard McNab as a small contribu­ tion from F.S.I., to help cover some of the costs of the 5th annual sum­ plans for . . mer games. After the ribbon ceremony, the games were cutting officially teams from each district started with their first round of eliminations. opened and the fastball -LYLA. LAV ALLEE Track And Field Events At Summer Games GIRLS 50 METERS Patricia Merasty from Meadow Lake district topped all the com­ petitors in this race with a time of 8.0 seconds. The record in this event is held by Thelma Daniels from the Saskatoon District with a 7.5 timing made in 1977. Second was Patsy Favel from North Battleford with 8.1 timing. North Battleford's Vi­ vian Whitecap capture third posi­ tion with 8.5 seconds. The fourth place went to Maureen Marion from P .A. with her time of 8.6 seconds. GIRLS 100 METERS . In this event, the record held by Thelma Daniels in 1977 of 13.9 seconds still stands. Winning in this event was Sonia McKay from the Page 50 awards trophy to best all Touchwood-File Hills District with a time of 14.6 seconds. Second event to Pat Favel from North Battleford with 15.4, third to Vivian Whitecalf from the same district with a timing of 15.6. In fourth place standing was Pat Merasty from Meadow Lake with 15.9 seconds. BOYS 100 METERS The record of 12.2 seconds made Desnomie from Craig Touchwood File Hills district in by around male athlete RON 1976 fell as Ron Ahenakew from Saskatoon District set the mark at 12.0 seconds. Second was Derek Favel from North Battleford with a close 12.1 timing. Tom Moosomin. also from North Battleford was third with 13.6 seconds and tied for fourth place were Mike Walker from Touchwood and Gerry Lasas from Meadow Lake with 14.1 seconds. (continued �200 METERS GIRLS The record for this event was set in 1977 by Freda Watson from York ton with a time of 29.5 seconds. The winner for this event was Patricia Merasty from M.L. district with timing of 31.6. Maureen Marion from P .A. finish­ ed second. Her time was 32.5. Another P .A. district athlete Janet Bird finished third with a time of 32.6. Touchwood athlete Melanie Worme came in fourth with a time of 32.8. 400 METERS GIRLS The. first place winner in this event was Patricia Merasty from . Meadow Lake with a time of 1: 15 seconds. The record for this event is held by Carrie Wuttunee of North Battleford with a time of 6.1.4/10 made in 1978. Second is Patsy Favel from North Battleford with a time of 1: 18 seconds and third event to Keitha Cote from Y orkton with 1.19 fourth place went to Peggy McLe3:n from Prince Albert and Melame Worme from Touchwood with a tied-time of 1 :20 seconds. BOYS 400 METERS Ron Ahenakew did not break his record of 57.8 seconds made in 1978. He finished the run in 59.0 seconds. John Fiddler from Meadow Lake was second with 1 minute flat. Another Meadow Lake athlete Bruce Fiddler was third with a timing of 1 :05. Fourth place went to three guys with 1 :06 timing. They were Winston McLean from P .A., Richard Ahenakew from Saska­ toon, and David Friday from Y orkton. Each district received 1 point for the three way tie. - own 800 METERS GIRLS In this race, Sonia McKay from Touchwood through with her steady pace and crossed the finish line with a time of 2 min. 45 seconds. She holds the record in this 'event, set in 1978 at 2:43.8. Second was Patricia Merasty from Meadow Lake with a timing of 2 min. 58 sec. Third went to Keitha Cote from Yorkton with 3 min. 39 seconds and fourth to Bertha Martell from Meadow Lake with 3 min. 42 seconds. came 1500 METERS GIRLS In this race, the speedy pace setter was again Sonia McKay who cross- ed the finish line with a time of 5 minutes 52 sec. The record 5:47 set by Vivian Cote in 1978 still stands. Second was Eleanor Wuttunee from North Battleford with a time of 6:07 and third, Patricia Merasty from Meadow Lake finishing with a time of 6:09. Fourth place went to Geraldine Bear from Meadow Lake with her time of 6: 11. GIRLS RELAY The Touchwood-File Hills team topped the six districts in this with event time of 1 minute 1 sec. The team consisted of Sonya McKay, Patricia Worme, Sheila Deiter and Melanie Worme. The time of 59.5 seconds made by the Saskatoon district in 1977 is still the one to beat. Second went to the North Bat­ tleford district with Peggy Paskimin, Vivian Whitecap, Patsy Favel and Terry Fox, with timing of 1 minute 3 sec. Saskatoon placed third with 1 minute 4 sec. timing with runners Diane Ahenakew, Marcella Ledoux, Anita Johnstone and Ada Bird. THe Meadow Lake team with Sheila Merasty, Patricia Merasty, Bertha Martell and Geraldine Bear showed fourth place with 1 meter 6 seconds. a GIRLS LONG JUMP Winning this event was Sonia McKay from the hosting district with a jump of 3.92 meters. The record of 4.11 meters by Linda Obey from Touchwood District in 1977 still stands. A jump Of 3.83 meters by Peggy Paskimin from North Battleford put her in second place. Pat Worme from Touchwood File Hills was third with 3.81 meters and Sandra McKay, sister of the winner was fourth with a jump of 3.69 meters. BOYS LONG JUMP The record made by Marvin Tuckanow from Touchwood-File Hills-Qu' Appelle District of 4.97 meters in 1974 still stands. The 1979 winner in this event went to Ron Ahenakew with a 4.86 meter jump. Gary Daniels from Saskatoon pl�c­ ed second with 4.43 meters. Third went to Jerry Lasas from Meadow Lake with 4.31 meters and Mike Walker, fourth with 4.14 leap. GIRLS TRIPLE JUMP meters. Setting a new record, second sister of Sonia, Sandra McKay with a jump of 8.57 meters. Third went to Keitha Cote from Yorkton with a mark of 8.30 and fourth went to Melanie Worme from Touchwood with her jump of 8.10. went to a BOYS TRIPLE JUMP The' 1974 record of 10.54 meters held by Marvin Tuckanow was broken by Ron Ahenakew with a leap of 11.29 meters setting a new record. Second was Kevin Daniels from Saskatoon with 9.84 meters. Mike Walker leaped 9.42 meters for third position and Bruce Fiddler from Meadow Lake was fourth with 9.39 jump. GIRLS HIGH JUMP Once more Sonia McKay broke her own record of 1.45 meters made in 1978 with a jump of 1.49 meters. Second was Martha Severight from Y orkton with her mark of 1.26 meters. Sheila Merasty from Meadow Lake took third with her jump of 1.25 meters and fourth went to Pat Worme from the Touchwood District with a jump of 1.22 meters, GIRLS DISCUS The record of 23.63 Meters made by Sandra Ahenakew in 1977 was broken by the top three competitors in this event. First went to Glenda Merasty from Meadow Lake with the new record of 25.86 meters. San­ dra Ironquill from the Touchwood area ranked second with a throw of 25.45 meters. Sheila Deiter again from Touchwood district placed third with a 24.15 meters throw. Miss Janet Bird from P.A. threw the 22.43 meter for fourth place. GIRLS JAVELIN The record set in 1978 by Gloria Sanderson from Prince Albert of 24.40 meters is still one to beat. She competed again but was unable to surpass her mark. She placed first with her throw of 23.00 meters. Se­ cond was Sandra Ironquill from the hosting district with 19.82 meters. Sheila Merasty from Meadow Lake placed third with a throw of 19.54 meters and Sheila Deiter from Touchwood was fourth with 18.81 meters. This event saw Sonia McKay break her own record of 8.50 meters made in 78 with a jump of 9.12 Page 51 �JAMES SMITH, P.A. GIRLS· '79 INDIAN SUMMER GAMES. Richard Britton, Denise Sanderson, Gloria Sanderson, Beverly Constant, Cindy Constant, (Coach) Maureen Marion, Valerie Sanderson and Vera Sanderson (Coach). Front row l-r: Sandra Sanderson, Cheryle Moostoos, Peggy McKay, Florence Sanderson, Beverly Head and Lorilee Constant. Back row I-r: Prince Albert Girls Capture Gold Medal In Fastball GORDONS Prince Albert District team defeated Touchwood­ File Hills-Qu' Appelle District, 5-4, in girls' fastball action to capture the gold medal at the Saskatchewan Indian Summer Games recently hosted by this Indian community. A total of six districts including Touchwood-File Hills-Qu' Appelle, Saskatoon, Prince Albert, North Battleford, Meadow York ton representing dian reserves ticipated at Lake, some and 68 In­ in the province par­ the Indian Summer Games. In semi-final action the young girls from the James Smith Indian band clobbered Meadow Lake District, represented by Flying Dust Indian band 14-2. They defeated their other opponents 5-4, in the final. T.F.H.Q., on the other hand, squeezed by North Battleford District represented by Sweetgrass 19-17, and defeated Y orkton District, represented by Cote Indian band, 13-11, to advance into the final with Prince Albert. Prince Albert went to bat early in the game scoring four runs in the first inning, adding one more in the second and from there on were held scoreless despite winning pitcher Beverly Constant registering a total of 11 strikeouts. T.F.H.Q. went down in order during the first inning, left a total five runners stranded in the next two innings, scored one run in the fourth and managed to score three big runs before going down on strikeouts. -ARCHIE KING Page 52 �PEEPEEKISIS GALS WIN GOLD Back . '79 INDIAN SUMMER GAMES. l-r: Vera Desnomie, Sheila Dieter, Sandra lronquill, Sonya McKay, Donna Desnomie and Joanne Nokusis Front row l-r: Anne McNab, Louise lronquill, Rita Kinequon, Sandra McKay and Melissa McKay. row (Coach). Peepeekisis Wins by a score of 30-2. Sonia McKay, demonstrating her athletic ability on the basketball reserve Gold Medal In Girls' Basketball GORDONS - court as well on Touchwood-File Hills-Qu' Appelle District defeated Yorkton, 16-2, in girls' basketball action to capture the gold medal in Saskatchewan's Indian Summer Games. Earlier, the Peepeekisis demonstrated young girls from the Indian awesome reserve talent on the basketball court, requiring only the first half of basketball action to dispose of the Meadow Lake entry represented by Flying Dust Indian the track, lead the onslaught with seven points follow­ ed by Anne McNab, Donna Desnomie, and Sheila Dieter with two points each; Sandra McKay and Rita Kinequon with one apiece, while Sheila Mirasty sank one basket for Meadow Lake's lone two-pointer. Meadow Lake conceded the game Touchwood-File Hills-Qu' Ap­ pelle after completing the first half of action. In semi-final action the File Hills girls defeated Prince Albert District represented by Little Red Indian to 19-12, behind the five pointers of Sonia McKay and Sheila Dieter, came Anne McNab and San­ dra Ironquill with two apiece while Cynthia Constant hit the scoreboard with four, aided by Gail Bird with two, followed by Sherry Bird and Gloria Sanderson with singles. While the final game proved to be entertaining and exciting. A protest was launched against York ton District represented by Cote Indian reserve for using an overage player and was upheld. Reserve, North Battleford District represented by Sweetgrass Indian was awarded the silver medal and Prince Albert District the -ARCHIE KING bronze. Reserve Page 53 �N.B. SOCCER CHAMPS '79 INDIAN SUMMER GAMES. l-r: Art Moosomin, Cedric Spyglass, Jet Wahobin, Melvin Chakita, Kevin Tootoosis, Lennie Wuttunee, Dion Paskimin, Tommy Moosomin, Stewart Mosquito, Ira Bird and Solomon Stone (Coach). Front row l-r: Rocky Spyglass, Orville Stone, Earl Moosomin, Bert Spyglass, Albert Curly (Goalie), John Spyglass, Freddie Wuttunee, Conrad Wahobin and Dwayne Fox. - Back row SASKATOON DISTRICT, GOLD FINALISTS IN VOLLEYBALL '79 INDIAN SUMMER GAMES. Back row l-r: Len Arcand (Coach), Gary Daniels, Dean Arcand, Spencer Greyeyes, Ron Ahenakew, Richard Ahenakew and Stanley Sasakamoose. Front row l-r: Dwayne Arcand, Kevin 5., Dale Ahenakew (Missing is Johnny Williams). - Page 54 �Greyeyes Leads Saskatoon To The Top In Basketball - GORDONS - Spencer Greyeyes was the ting the backboard for big gun for Saskatoon hit­ a total of 14 baskets defeating Prince Albert, 43-11, and capturing the gold medal in boys' basketball action at the Summer Games hosted by Gordon's. The boys from the Muskeg Indian Reserve proved to be too explosive for the youngsters from Stanley Mission, despite the persistence displayed by its Bruce McKenzie. Earlier, North Battleford edged out Meadow Lake, 18-17,- Prince Albert also narrowly defeated Yorkton, 38-37, while Saskatoon Touchwood-File stomped Hills-Qu' Appelle, 23-15 in opening action. Saskatoon proved to be too much to handle for North Battleford in semi-final action, winning the game 39-13 to advance into the final against Prince Albert. The Stanley Mission team looked impressive in their uniforms but couldn't take out the young lads from Muskeg Lake. The trio of Spencer Greyeyes, Ron Ahenakew and Richard Ahenakew combined for a total of 43 points on the scoreboard, while Charlie Gordon McKenzie, Hardlotte and Blake Charles com­ bined for a total of 11 points. The youngsters from Stanley Mis­ sion never gave up thanks to its con­ sistant performance by Bruce McKenzie and should be a serious threat at the 1980 Summer Games. Meadow Lake District was represented by Canoe Lake Indian band, North Battleford by Pound­ maker, Touchwood-File Hills-Qu' Appelle by Okanese Yorkton by Cote. All basketball action was and housed at the Punnichy High School gyrn-' nasium situated about eight miles north of the Indian community. <, -ARCHIE KING Page 55 �P.A. DISTRICT Earning the gold Claudia H., Violet Moosehunter and (;IRLS VOLLEYBALL GOLD FINALISTS - '79 INDIAN SUMMER GAMES. second place Regina and Yorkton in third place were: Back raw l-r: A. Bird (Coach), Maureen M., Charles, Sherry Bird (Asst Coach), Coreen Bird. Fran raw l-r: Gloria S., Lena H., Gail Bird, Delia Myrtle Ballantyne over .. KINEQUON WINS GOLD IN BOXING SASKA TOON Darren Kinequon, 15, from Gordon's out-pointed his opponent Bruce Zimmerman of Alberta in the 48 kilo weight division in boxing competition during the 1979 Western Canada Summer Games hosted by this city. Kinequon won a unanimous decision connecting with lefts and rights which always landed for valuable points. Senator Sidney Buckwold presented the medal of excellence to Darren Kinequon, Saskatchewan's lone Indian - medal winner at the Games. Kinequon has been boxing for seven years and has competed in 29 bouts. He has won provincial championships in 1973 (50 lb.), 1977 (90 lb.). In 1978, he represented Saskatchewan at Junior Olympic Championships. Other Indian boxers par­ ticipating included Ringo Assiniboine of Ochapowace, Junior C Flyweight -51 kilos; David Moosewaypayo of Kin istin 0, Junior C Featherweight -57 kilos; Darryl Bighead, Beardy's, 60 kilos; and Basil Gamble, Intermediate -Lightweight Beardy's, Intermediate 67 kilos. -ARCHIE KING Welterweight - - - - Page - 56 �- n ...............•••••....••.•.......................••...........•........••.••..•..•..•••.•....••••••..•••.. , as one of the best Indian publications in North America, The Saskatchewan Indian is the united voice of Indian people in Saskatchewan Rated The Saskatchewan Indian Central Avenue 1114 Free to Indian in Saskatchewan (include Band and Treaty No.) Prince Albert, Saskatchewan S6V 5T2 I am people - enclosing $9.00 by cheque or money order for a one-year subscription. Please send the newsmagazine to: Name: Treaty __ No.:. Address: Posml Code:. _ ___ _ •...............•.............................••.........•...................................•.....•••.....•. �READERS SERVICES 1352 WINNIPEG ST REGINA SASK 45610 PROV LIB � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian Magazine Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970/2011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1970/2011 Description An account of the resource The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Magazine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian, vol. 9, no. 9 (September 1979) Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Description An account of the resource Contents: Crombie Announces New Federal Policy For Indian Health By: FSIN September 1979 Indian Resorts Now On The Upswing By: Sam Waskewitch The Association of Saskatchewan Indian Resorts held a general board meeting at the Jim Kytowayhat Memorial Centre in Loon Lake on August 14, 1979. September 1979 Band Planting Program A Success In First Year By: The Enterprise September 1979 The Importance Of Gardens On Indian Reserves By: FSIN September 1979 Indian Content To Help Examine History By: FSIN The Diamond Jubilee Act, passed by the Legislature in 1978, established the Saskatchewan Diamond Jubilee Corporation to coordinate and initiate government and local programs to recognize the province's 75th birthday. September 1979 Ceremonial Ends Week-Long Cultural Activity By: Florence Poorman On Friday, August 17, a special ceremony ended a weeklong series of events at Wahpeton Reserve. Visitors came from the surrounding areas and from Standing Buffalo and Moosewoods Reserves. The elders assisted in ceremonial formality. A meal, prepared and served in the Indian way, was enjoyed by all. September 1979 Indian Community Honors Oldest Resident By: Archie King ONION LAKE - Grandchildren outnumbered relatives and friends coming in droves to honor Jimmy chief on his 91st birthday at a banquet sponsored by the family and band council of Onion Lake. The gala affair was held at the community band hall. September 1979 Group Art Show Excites Interest In Vancouver By: FSIN On August 26 & 27, 1979 a group of seven Saskatchewan Indian Artists exhibited ninety one objects of art at a Private showing in Vancouver, British Columbia. September 1979 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1979-09 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Waskewitch, Sam Enterprise Poorman, Florence King, Archie Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1979-09 Art First Nations Artists Onion Lake Cree Nation https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25945/archive/files/5122b2f8c3ca3b58d14af0e7af61ec35.pdf?Expires=1779926400&Signature=vJT5Rf1mxl06HgCeivZ%7E1GOXH9Uh-JRKX1RXDO%7Er73v-KjLFpKPofEJj14iG720H0SYSGm2QSjEKNv0JJNcR%7ElzagcKyR2Rv7b3ShLnVKAmSR%7ENoRaxZEigeswm0hn41tLY1Rv2heunss1nt5zE4XUtzIl7k5ho042gzqfMyfq4IraDEXoOwz23HX63qKuFQmq1i9wF25XklF6hu%7EiEGau4KnU5vc1tEpkINE9we-f8Vq%7EofUDxu6PnsSE2lSwP-E8UfTO5oXLZtO3OpC0nwYeBCHj5irpoCb1QeNr4hikFW58QATZfU6DU58SFIRGP3CXxs-fyB7f6q%7Evz7Pd-ktw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 36e90f614c3ce463f05545da3415aa3c PDF Text Text �'[f!j}@ 9.00/flYW-idt/(1 1300 / The Information Station HOTcountry CBDJqNB ~NS ----- Mervin grew up on the Key First Nation. He has his Degree in Communications and Journalism from the University of Regina. He has previously worked for the Edmonton Journal, Regina Leader Post, and CBC Saskatchewan ------- -~~~~~ FIRST SAliURDAY.S SASKATCHEWAN1S NATIONS CURRENT AT 6PM, S:31DPM ONLY AFFAIRS IN PROGRAM PRINCE ALBERT �- Jndil,,, Nlllimls Swte 20fJ.. l 03 A Pacleh,m,.Aw. S7N4K4 Ttlephone: (306) 665-1215 Fax: - Indian Outlook ................................................................................... 2 The Chief's Agenda ............................................................................. 3 Ahtahkakoop Publishing Launches First Book .................................... .4 $du,td,euNm bidian Fedm#io,, of~ Saslr4loon. Sas~ ~ --~ , .., H E W A N (306)244-4413 The viewsand opinions expressed by contributors to Saskatchewan Indianarc their own and do not nec.essarily reflectthose of Saskatchewan Indianor the Federationof Saskatchewan IndianNations Revival Begins at Home ...................................................................... 5 Juno Win for Chester Knight and the Wind ....................................... 7 Sam Bagder on Raising Awareness ....................................................... FSIN Elections 2000 ......................................................................... 9 10 Movement on the Plains - Northern Plains Artist Association ........... 11 Healing Gathering Held in Nekaneet.. .............................................. 15 Pioneer Leads Way for Future Generations ........................................ 16 A Unique Collection of the Past ........................................................ 17 Another Saskatchewan Star Shines ..................................................... 18 A Different Approach to Cultural Awareness ..................................... 20 Mother and Daughter's Fight with Leukemia .................................... 23 Readers' Submissions ......................................................................... ON THE COVER: UNTITLED ARTIST:DARRENGOWAN WINTER 2001 25 Saskatchewan Indian is published by the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations FSIN Communications Unit: Director of Communications, Darcy McKenzie (306) 956-6922 Communications Coordinator , Jocelyne Wasacase (306) 956-1012 Advertisement: FSIN Communication Unit (306) 956-1012 Printed in Saskatchewan by Digital Print Centre (306) 791-3113 Copyright 2001. All rights reserved. ISSN 0048-9204 �IndianOutlook SASKATCHEWAN'S FIRSTNATIONS CALENDAR OFEVENTS ",· •.lllrell 28, 2111 Jll. ■ &ftll.1,2111 IPrll Ill 2001 FIiih111rat• Clrt:I•• Dl••er■1111 ••, ...........Rrsl N•U••· ••U••·· n.11.1111 ,···••■ralll• ••••• ,., Rob•n ..... C••••re■c• llCIIIOn: il'BI Saslu i foon,Sask HobenM'er~SIV HIIIIIX,NOVIScotia Asse■blV FIIN corpor•t• c•rc••••111er•11 Saskatoon. Sask RoberlMeras1v (306) 956-6911 or FirstNations (306) 956-6911 IPl111112001 (613)·241-6189 llllt.H-11,2111 ' Tr•d•••o••• lbor•1•••• H•11111 s•r1•1•••••01 Wester• M•dlcl•• ·•sas11a1oon, •••••c••••• •••..•••, "C•••er•■c• Sasll. flli. 1 & 2.-2111 ••11••··· To•U•• a R•••a 2111 Vancouver, :a:c. IndigenousPeoplesProgram Universilvor Saskatchewan Extension Division Kiins1ewan 1-800-331;,)143 (306) 288.;.2022 ftll. 11• fl, 2081. •••••••• E.. C1••111•c-, WillowCreeEducaiio~ .Complex Beardvs & Okemasis FirstNation,saslt RosalvnMichaelor lois Cameron (306) 461-4448 111r 11"-iliil f 2111 ""' a!S- -- rtll. 15• fl, 2■1 llli. 11-11111. 2■1 (306) 966-5539 ••n• ••••••r11 ••..•••••a• M•• ..•••• · i; lflerd•bll C•••re 1..ra••••• •c••••• '. IPrl• 111 2101 Ellrll 1n11•••••• 1111., NonllBanteford, Sask. 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WINTER 2001 �Greeting to all Chiefs, Councillors, and First Nation people throughout Saskatchewan Indian magazine. our region and readers of the As we enter the new millennium we also enter the 31st anniversary of the publishing of the Saskatchewan Indian magazine. The Saskatchewan Indian magazine continues to play an important role in sharing information, educating and promoting our First Nation people, culture, traditions and successes. This year we plan to produce four regular editions and two special editions. Those plans included a special 30th anniversary edition, to be produced later in the year along with a special celebration to commemorate the magazine's 30th year in production. I hope you enjoy this and future editions of your magazine and I encourage you to submit your stories, story ideas or comments to the Saskatchewan Indian staff. 2001 is already shaping up to be a promising and exciting year for the Saskatchewan Indian and the FSIN. An exciting start to 2001 was the 1st annual FSIN Corporate Circle Job Fair, held February 1, 2001. 65 public and private sector companies teamed up with the FSIN Corporate Circle to provide more than 1,100 post secondary students and graduates with a door way to education, training and employment opportunities. Other important initiatives are also moving forward in a positive way. We are getting closer to a recognition and compensation package for our First Nation Veterans. The Treaty Governance Processes are moving forward and our gaming operations under the direction of the Economic and Community Development Commission and a new Board of Directors are operating smoothly and efficiently. The Board and been successfully implementing new and greater internal policy and procedural controls. I won't elaborate too much in this issue of the Saskatchewan Indian as we will be providing brief updates as we move forward on major initiatives in future editions. As we move from winter to spring, it is my sincere wish that you and your families enjoy a safe and happy Easter break. On behalf of the Executive, Senate and staff at the Federation, best wishes to each and every one of you. Take care. Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Chief Perry Bellegarde ~ FSIN Election 2001 Acceptance Speech WINTER 2001 �AHTAHKAKOOP PUBLI A Landmar~ Publication Prf!.senting a Firs.tNation History As it has Never B(!en Tol .d <Before AHTAHKAKOOP PUBLISHING LAUNCHES FIRSTBOOK A pleasant surprise was in store for the 200 plus people who attended the Ahtahkakoop book launch November 27, 2000 in Saskatoon. Ahtahkakoop's new book entitled "Ahtahkakoop - the epic account of a Cree Head Chief, His People, and Their Struggle for Survival 1816 - 1896" is to be the first book published by the newly formed, band owned Ahtahkakoop Publishing. The Band formed Ahtahkakoop Publishing after seeing a void of Aboriginal literature and history in the public school system . The gala book launch was an affair of formality, cultura l exhibition and a monologue delivered by the actor Gordon Tootoosis. Amongst the dignitaries and speakers were : Assembly of First Nations, National Chief Matthew Coon Come, Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan, Her Honour Dr. Lynda Haverstock, FSIN Chief Perry Bellegarde and several other Provincial and Federal Officials. Ahtahkakoop decide to take it upon themselves to document their history and write the book in a way which oral traditions are balance with historical document sources. Chief Barry Ahenakew of the Ahtahkakoop First Nations is a keeper of oral teaching and has spent his life dedicated to learning and practicing the traditional culture. Chief Ahenakew - who is a direct descendant of Chief Ahtahkakoop was one of the key individuals in the development and research of the book. With over 12 years in the making, the research and development invested in this book finally became a reality. "The book tells the story that First Nations people may already know but the public at large in Canada and abroad are unfortunately lacking" say the author and researcher Deanna Christenssen. Christenssen, an author and journalist, has been published by Oxford University Press and has worked for many First Nation organizations including the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College in Regina. The book was written and researched by Christenssen at the request of the Chief and Council of the Ahtahkakoop First Nation. Christenssen spent years researching government documents, church archives, and the oral history of many Elders at the Ahtahkakoop community. "This project will capture a wider audience. The book is not a political document, it is a factual, historical account - no other First Nation has undertaken such a comprehensive historical review." Says Willard Ahenakew project coordinator of Ahtahkakoop Publishing. "This book will be a model and a resource for years to come" adds Ahenakew who is also a great-great grandson of Chief Ahtahkakoop. "Ahtahkakoop" (Cree for Starblanket) the Chief was a signatory to Treaty Six signed at Fort Carlton in 1876. (continued on page 6) 4 SASKATCHEWAN ltlBiA-111 WINTER 2001 �REVIVAL BEGINSATHOME - GLORIA GREYEYES better english because at that time - the mid 60 's - in their household , cree was their first language. Left: Freda It wasn't until some time later Freda Ahenakew realized that the tables turned. Now it was her younger children who were Irene Freda Ahenakew was born and speaking only english and raised on the Ahtahkakoop First Nation didn 't understand cree. So it seemed that (Sandy Lake). In 1951 she married into in her efforts to help her school age Muskeg Lake and became Freda children cope, her family was losing their Greyeyes. mother tongue. Shortly after getting married Freda'snew When Freda and her family moved family moved to British Columbia where the back home around the late ?O's and she three oldest of her childrenwere born. In the saw that not only her own children were early yearsof childhood Freda'schildren spoke losing the cree language, but most of the cree. When the children became school age, children on the reserve were speaking they entered into the public schoolsystem. only english. The gradual loss of the cree Being cree speakers, learning in a non- language was happening not only in her aboriginal school was difficult. The home but in homes of others. teachers said that her children would do Freda resolved that there needed to be much better if they spoke fluent english. a balance of culture for First Nations Freda decided that to help her people. So, she initiated her education children , she would teach them to speak and went back to Grade 12. With 10 children in tow and she began her lifelong career to "Teach th e Children. " Today, Freda is internationally known as a Cree linguistic. Recently th e Saskatoon Tribal Council recognized Freda at the 3rd Annual Aboriginal Women 's Opportunities Gathering 2000 with a Community Service Award. On March 16, Freda was recognized at th e National Aboriginal Achievement Awards in Edmonton, Alberta as one of this year's recipients. Throughout her 21 year career she has been a great support and role model for not only her 12 children and man y grandchildren but for numerous friends and colleagues. In 1997 Freda suffered a series of strokes, which affected h er communications skills. To date , Freda is about 80% recovered and happil y retired in her dream log house. ~ Ahtahkakoo TheEpicAccountof a PlainsCreeHeadChief,HisPeople, andTheirStrugglefor Survival1816-1896 One hundred and twenty-four years ago,the PlainsCree people were faced with makinga monumentaldecision...the signingofTreaty Six. This event ushered in the greatest challengeever faced by the Cree people. From buffalohunter to agriculturalist...from traditional spiritualityto Christianity... this monumental,hard cover book, beautifully illustrated with originalartwork, photos and maps,tells a true story as it has never been told before - from a First Nation's perspective. invaluable resource f or anyone interested in the history and development of First Nations in Canada Professor of Indian Studies, SIFC WINTER 2001 lo Order $49.95 854 pages TOLL FREE 1-877-534-4437 Telephone: 306-468-2744 Fax: 306-468-2994 Website: www.ahtahkakooppublishing.com AHTAHKAKOOP PUBLISHING SASKATCHEWAN ll/ilB ■ ~llil 5 �CORPORATE CIRCLEJOBFAIRBOASTGOODTURNOUT - JEFF CAMPBELL They came. They saw. They schmoozed. Armed with power suits and stacks of their resumes, about 600 post-secondary students from all over Saskatchewan gathered recently in Saskatoon at the 2001 edition of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (FSIN) Corporate Circle Job Fair. The fair offered not only one-on-one contacts between potential employers and students seeking jobs, but also information workshops on resumes, job searches and interviews. This first-ever event of its kind brought together over 60 corporations, government agencies and educational institutions seeking Aboriginal employees with students from all over Northern and Southern Saskatchewan. Some students, like Stacy Bird from Regina, were taking a wide view. Bird is a first-year university student considering a business administration career. "Right now I'm getting some ideas for my summer job search, and just not narrowing things down too much at this point." He said he was grateful for the chance to meet with his potential employers. "Overall, I think it's been worthwhile coming down here." Other students working the crowd and touring the trade show booths took a tighter focus. Peter Dorion from Saskatoon is in his third year of the Certificate in Indigenous Business Administration (CIBA) program. He was primarily looking for a summer job to finance his next year's education, but had an eye on his long-term career plans. 'Tm looking at summer employment in a clerical role, hopefully in accounting with either the government or INAC. But I am also looking at some of the crown corporations too like Sask Tel or Sask Power. As he navigated the aisles of corporate booths, Dorion said he would like to see more banks, especially representatives of the big six Canadian chartered banks, at any future job fairs. Roseanne Robillard, originally from Stony Rapids, is about to graduate from the Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technologies (SIIT) in the spring. She showed up with a stack of resumes to give to potential employers in the government sector who are looking for finance and administration specialists like her. "We just got here, but from what I have seen, it looks quite good, a good turnout. " John Lagimodiere, who was covering the event for his new publication, Eagle Feather Business, said he's encouraged to see the corporate and Aboriginal worlds interacting at events like the job fair. "I think the walls are still there , but they're coming down. And they're coming down rapidly." Lagimodiere said the job fair proved a revelation to recruiters and students alike. "They 're saying, holy smokes, all our staffing woes could be gone if we start hiring Aboriginal people. All these Aboriginal kids are saying, holy smokes , are these people interested in what I do?" Bob Merasty , Executive Director, Corporate Circle said he was well pleased with how everything turned out. "People from the organizations were here saying, 'We're here and we're ready to hire .' Next year we're looking at something even bigger and better and overall the corporate people were very impressed. Ahtahkakoop Publishing Launches FirstBook BeAFoster Family (rontinuedfrom page4) > ~o~ The Foster ) Families Program is looking for Metis \ and First Nations families to care for a child or youth in their home . Support , training and financial compensation is available. For more informati on call: 1 - 800-667 - 7002 Ahtahkakoop lived through a time of upheaval and was considered to be a visionary. Through his struggles and achievements Ahtahkakoop explains the untold history of the Plains Cree people . The reader is given the opportunity to hear about a part of Saskatchewan's history through a First Nation perspective. Another unique aspect of the book is the 41 original illustrations. Willard Ahenakew was not only the project coordinator for Ahtahkakoop Publishing but was also the main illustrator and art director for the book. The illustrations are designed to accurately reflect the history and lifestyle on the plains. The illustrations bring the book to life. Other contributing illustrators were Ed Peekeekoot from Ahtahkakoop First Nation and Regina's Brent Christenssen. To order the book or for more information contact: Ahtahkakoop Publishing at: Toll Free 1-877-534-4437 Fax (306) 468-2994 Mail: Box 190 Shell Lake, Saskatchewan SO]2GO or visit the website: www.ahtahkakooppublishing.com ~ r--.-i LJillLJ Saskatchewan Social Services 6 WINTER 2001 �JUNOWINFORCHESTER KNIGHT ANDTHEWIND - ELIZABETH MOONEY It is an exciting time for Saskatoon based band, Chester Knight and the Wind . By the end of 1999 the band was recognized as one of the best Aborigina l bands in Canada. Chester Knight and the Wind won the Prairie Music Awards in Winnipeg in late fall and were then honored in Toronto at the Canadian Aboriginal Music Awards in December, as best group. Their CD Falling Down is gaining International recognition as listeners everywhere are enjoying the band 's unique blend of traditional and contemporary sounds. Along with Chester Knight, Falling Down was recorded with the help of brother Vernon Knight, his sister Thelma, Hal Schrenk, Brent Taylor, Don Froese and Elder Cy Standing. When rumors began to circulate about the second Juno nomination, Chester felt that there was strong competition for the nomination and for winning the Juno. He noted the talents of Vern Cheechoo and felt that Vern had a good chance of winning a Juno. He heard abo ut the nomination over the internet, and On March 12, 2000 Chester Knight and the Wind won the Juno award for the CD Falling Down as best Aboriginal music recording. The win was a real thrill and Chester once again want ed to th ank th e Kookum awuk and the Moo shum awuk , his family and friend s, th e FSIN , th e Saskatoon Trib al Coun cil and th e recording studio for thei r help and support along the way. He said it was wond erful to share the moment with his broth er Vernon and th e group of friend s that made the trip to Toronto for the Juno awards. Much of the music in Falling Down and in the first album Freedom , reflects th e per sonal experiences of Chester Knight who wrote the lyrics and music. The songs reveal a journe y through hard tim es and heartache. Chester talked about the difficult times he had as a youth growing up in Saskatchewan and he stated that ; "it is a little hard to believe that good things actually can happen. " He related that about 95 % of First Nations people are experiencing or have experienced hard times in their lives. WINTER 2001 Chester Knigh t, by day , Knigh t is a Student Counse lor at the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College, Saska toon campus and by n igh t, is an awarded winning Canadian artist . When Chester and his siblings were in school, racism , lack of culturall y relevant curriculum and the scarcity of positiv e role models influenced how he viewed him self and his life. "There were very few First Nations people in positions of power in society, there were no ceremomes and no positive reinforcement. " He felt that, "there was no place for Chester Knight in this world. " "The only places where you felt accepted were the Barry, the Baldwin and the Albany. " A close listen to the traditional sounds of the drum and the heart wrenching lyrics in Roll on Thund er from th eir first CD Freedom , reflects the sense of communi ty in th at setting. Ch ester said th at he struggl ed to leave th at life style wh en he was in his twenties. Although he would never drink in front of parents and credits th em with influencing his decision to quit drinkin g, he says that it was his uncl e Dann y Musq ua that really mad e a difference in his life. He taught Chester about fasting and the traditional ways to begin his healing journey. He learn ed that to quit addictions , you must rise above your own needs and do it for your family and for others. Danny Musqua taught him (continued on next page) 7 �JurwWinForChester Knightand theWind(rontinuedjrom previouspage) Federation of Saskatchewan IndianNations corporate circle MEMBERS Alliance Pipeline CamecoCorporation Canadia11Association of Petroleum Producers CHIP Hospitality Clifton Associates Ltd. Crown Investments Corporation Crown Life Insurance Company Direct West Enbridge Pipeline Farm Credit CorporationCa11ada Federated Co-operatives Ltd. Federation of SaskatchewanJndia11Nations First Nations Bank of Canada Foothills Pipeline GE Ca11ada Harvard Developments Ltd. Hitachi Canadianllldustries Ltd. KPMG LLP Mei;ers, Norris, Penny Chartered Accountants Millar Wes/em Pulp (MeadowLake) Ltd. Mitchell's Gourmet Foods Nelson Lumber Nu-Fab B11i lding Products Ltd. Raw/co Communications Saskatchewan Construction Safety Association Ltd. SaskntchewanIndian Gaming Authority SaskatchewanLiquor and Gaming Authority SaskatchewanW/1eat Pool SaskEnergy SaskFerco SaskPower SaskTel SIAST TronPower Turtle Island Financial Corporation U.M.A. Engineering University of Regina University of Saskatchewan Wascana Energy Inc. Weyerhaeuser Canada YankeTransfer C o CH A IRS Chief Perry Bellegarde, Federation of Saskntchewan Indian Nations Mark Olson President - Sask Radio Raw/co Communications A Corporate Commitment to the Future of Saskatchewan '] e.k uition of da1 kalch.E. wan !Indian c:Nation1 R o b e rt M e r as t y E xe cuti ve Dire c tor FSIN C o rp o rat e C i rcl e Ph o n e ( 3 0 6 ) 665 - 1215 Fax (3 06) 244 - 441 3 8 SASKATCHEWAN I MalA M that first came family, then community and then the world. Chester explained that learning the traditions opened his eyes to what is really important in the world . Chester discussed the difference between mstant gratification and instant solutions prevalent in today's fast paced society and the traditional world of fasting and spirituality." He explained that "traditional teachings reveal the disciplines of love, disciplines of caring and disciplines of respect. Mainstream society does not teach these as actual disciplines. They see them only as desires and emotions, and are not taught how to develop and practice them. I learned that giving is first a physical thing, it's unconditional. To give is to be perfect ...the act of giving trains us to become good human beings." This idea relates to his experiences in developing his musical talents. Chester feels that when he puts his thoughts, emotions and experiences to music, he is taking a huge risk. This is an act of giving because he and the band are giving of themselves to others, which may result in acceptance or rejection. The Juno winning CD Falling Down is the chronology of a personal journey. The album reflects much of Chester Knight's efforts to become a better person. Chester feels that "in trying you fall down. It's about wishing you would never make mistakes, never get angry and never say things that you would regret. The lyrics are about trying to make amends and about trying to make things right." The lyrics tell a story and so does the music. He explained that the relationship between the words and the music bring into being something unique and whole. The chants are intrinsic to the message, with the Saulteaux chants "adding the bounce that creates meaning, and the Cree chants that portray history and the things learned over time." On a lighter note, the Juno win has meant more recognition and a financial situation that has lightened a little. Chester explained that "the win is only one thing in the life of the band ... this kind of thing is fleeting." He said the band must continue to work hard to promote their music. The CD Falling Down was released in the States on May 12 through Sound of America Records and it earned great reviews in Billboard Magazine. As part of their promotional plans, Chester Knight and the Wind are working on a website soon to be completed at www.chesterknight.com. Chester is also writing some music for a movie being made in the States and the group is already working on the next CD, Road Warrior. He explained that the tide Road Warrior comes from looking at the world like it is indeed, a global village. ''To me, being a true road warrior is having the ability to communicate with other cultures and to be respectful of the many diverse cultures all over the world. Like Don Quixote claimed , "you must always be 'an impeccable warrior' because you never know when you are going to die." Chester said that all the plans are a little scary, but he recalls advice from his brother Orville who said, "never let fear stop you." There are several confirmed concert dates ahead for this talented group of musicians. It is in performing where the band members are honing their craft. Chester pointed out that performing is exhilarating and it is where he visualizes the group's success. He feels that the microphone becomes , "the spiritual connection between myself and the audience.'' Chester says that making connections in the music business is much easier than it used to be. He points to the more than 200 Aboriginal radio stations in Canada and the many more in the States that are ready and willing to promote new groups. He advises new musicians out there to spend some money making a good recording and to send demos out to all the Aboriginal media. "Develop your craft and remember that the first 10 songs you write are not going to be as good as the 90th song. The business has its ups and downs but it's a really good time to ge~ involved and its only going to get better. Chester Knight is a member of the Muskoday First Nation. Bass player Darryl Ross is from God's Lake Narrows, Manitoba. Lead guitar player Todd Duncan from Saskatoon and drummer Shea Geisbrecht from Whitebear First Nation joined the band in February. WINTER2001 �SAMBADGERONRAISING AWARENESS - D ARREN D ESCHAMBEAULT Russel (Sam) Badger believes in the importance of cross-cultural education. His goal is to dispel the myths that mainstream society continues to hold about Aboriginal people. ((Many people have preconceived notions about Indian people out there because of what they see or hear. I think it's important that we have to educate people on what we are all about," he explains. Badger is an actor whose most recent work is Shanghai Noon, a western comedy that takes place in the 1800s. The film stars action hero Jackie Chan, Ally McBeal star Lucy Liu and Simon Baker, who has appeared on North of 60 and in other productions. The whole production includes about 500 people with all the Aboriginal roles being played by Aboriginal people. Despite chis attention to authenticity, Badger says that the movie raises a lot of cultural biases, for example, the pipe, dance , powwows and language. He believes chat most Aboriginal people will recognize the humour intended in the comedic feature but expects that the production will offend some. The plus side of this, he says, is that ((maybe if I can get a few of my people ticked off, they will do something about the issues". Badger considers this film to be an opportunity for cross-cultural education. ((Sometimes it feels like I'm trying this cross-cultural awareness by myself," he says. ((I chink there should be more people trying to educate more people about cultural issues. There are a lot of our own Native people our there that do not know their own culture." This accomplished actor began his career in 1987 on a show called Jenny. The local production was shot in Lac La Ronge and aired on Superchannel. He calls his involvement in the film a ((fluke". His name was mentioned to the casting crew and they approached him to see if he was interested. After several weeks, he received the part. He believes chat he got the role WINTER 2001 On the set: Top:Jackie Chan star of the movie "Shanghai Noon" plays around with Saskatchewan 's own Sam Badger . Bottom: lead actress Lucy Lui poses for photo with Badger. largely because he ((looked the part" with his Aboriginal features and long braids. Badger says that the acting coaches taught him what was expected from him. He found his first experience as an actor to be exciting and interesting. Badger's next job was a commercial, which featured Maxwell Smart. He recalls se1zmg the opportunity to challenge some stereotypes, saying, ((I talked to him about who Native people are in my culture." Cross-cultural awareness is beginning to pay off, Badger believes, judging from the increase in the number of roles offered to Aboriginal people. Last year, he, along with 34 other First Nation people, went to Italy where they worked as movie extras for four days. Jan Cash owns a talent agency called Iron Star Agency under Falcon's Dream in Prince Albert. She does many programs throughout the year and some of her clients have received parts in commercials and movies. She agrees with Badger's assessment saying, ''Aboriginal People's Television Network will be looking for programs in the near future, so there is potential for a lot of work. There is a need for Aboriginal actors out there." If young people are interested in acting she advises them to contact an agent. ((The agent does all the work for you," she says. Cash also encourages young people to get experience wherever they can. ((I think theatre is a good thing for young people if they are interested in acting," she says. As for Sam Badger, he was ((pretty thrilled " to meet Jackie Chan and is looking forward to the premiere of Shanghai Noon in Los Angeles. He hopes that if enough Aboriginal people are not happy with the movie they will go out and do cross-cultural awareness education of their own. When he's not acting, Sam Badger counsels at Youth Futures and penal institutions in Prince Albert. He has a Bachelor of Education degree and has taught for eight years. ~ SASKATCHEWAN a All 9 �FSINELECTION 2000 Under the FSIN election act, the candidate with the fewest amount of votes is required to drop out of the election race. Prior to the second ballot, Eddie Head had also conceded his name for the second ballot. The second ballot had Allan Adam and Greg Ahenakew vying for the position. Results of the second ballot: 1. Adam Allan 2. Ahenakew Greg 3rd Vice-Chief Lindsay Cyr sworn in for his 4th consecutive term by Senator Edwin Baldhead The start of the new millennium brought many new challenges to the future of First Nations. For the First Nations and their members it also meant selecting a leader that would head up the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations. The fall of year 2000 had delegates from First Nations selecting who would be the Chief, 1st Vice-Chief and 3rd Vice-Chief for the next three years. Incumbents Perry Bellegarde (Chief) and Lindsay Cyr (3rd Vice-Chief) retained their respective positions. Greg Ahenakew required two ballots to win the position of 1st ViceChief The position of 1st Vice-Chief became available when Morley Watson decided to run for the position of Chief. Terry Sanderson and Terry Lavallee had also indicated their intention to run for the position of Chief. Terry Lavallee's candidacy became invalid when he could not get anyone to second his nomination. The official results of the election were as follows: For the position After being sworn into their respective offices, the Assembly gave gave each candidate the opportunity to say a few words. As they graciously accepted the results of the election, all candidates pledged their allegiance to the unity of FSIN. Unity within the Federation is vital for the strength of the organization. For Chief Perry Bellegarde it was business as usual. His immediate tasks include delegating responsibility of different portfolios to the Executive. Achieving a positive resolution for our First Nations veterans is something that is a high priority. His immediate plans also include calling a special Assembly in December to deal with areas such as Indian Gaming, Treaty Governance and ensuring the development of a communication network on all aspects of the FSIN. Being the newest member of the Executive, 1st Vice-Chief Greg Ahenakew said he would work hard on the portfolio that would be assigned to him. He said his platform is to create better dialogue with First Nations, ensuring the needs identified by the grassroots people are heard, the protection of our Treaty Rights are all the items he wants to devote his efforts on. A proven track record of being an executive member who has been able to produce results is what gave Lindsay Cry the mandate to continue on his term. Vice-Chief Cyr said he was very happ y to once again have that confidence and support to continue his efforts in attaining a better future for our First Nations. of Chief (won in the first ballot): 1. Bellegarde, Perry (incumbent) 2. Sanderson, Terry 3. Watson, Morley For the position 309 351 472 37 238 of 1st Vice-Chief (gone to second ballot): 1. Adam, Allan 2. Ahenakew, Greg 3. Head, Eddie 4. Omani, Leo For the position 218 239 144 141 of 3rd Vice-Chief (won in the first ballot): Newest FSIN executive 1. Cyr, Lindsay 2. Pelletier, Terry 424 317 member - Greg Ahenakew wins Office of the 1st Vice-Chief 10 SASKATCHEWAN I 91...._lil ' ..,r WINTER 2001 �Battlefords Tribal Council Pee-wee Volleyball Team SASKATCHEWAN INDIANWINTERGAMES2001 For the second time within the last six years the Prince Albert Grand Council hosted the Saskatchewan Indian Winter Games April 16 to the 19, 2001. And for the second time as host of the games, participation records for athletes attending the games were broken. There were an estimated 3,000 First Nation youth athletes descending upon Prince Albert to compete in Hockey , Volleyball , Broomball , and Badminton. The games officially commenced following the formal Opening Ceremonies Sunday April 15, 2001 at the Prince Albert Comuniplex Arena . Immediately following the dignitaries ' opening well wishes was an indoor firework display and the traditional "Lighting of the Torch". Trevor the Moose , Winter Games mascot , amused the crowd and youth participants during the athletes' parade with a few new powwow moves and set the mood for the week. The success of the 2001 Saskatchewan Indian Winter Games can be attrib uted to the hard work and planning of Prince Albert Grand Council and its contingent of dedicated volunteers. "At times it seemed like I was doing 60 things at one time" exclaimed John Fitzgerald , Sports and Recreation Director for the Prince Albert Grand Council. Fitzgerald was one of the key organizers and one of the people who contributed countless hours in providing a first rate event of this magnitude . This year 's edition of the games witnessed a significant change in the competition schedule for the games ' participants. The younger groups, Novice, Atoms and Pee-wee competed in the first half of the week with the older groups, Seniors, Bantam and Midgets arriving in Prince Albert to compete in the later half of the week. WINTER 2001 Fitzgerald explains, "The reason why we did this is because in the past the games have cost a fortune feeding , sheltering and providing enough venue space. By splitting the age categories it cuts cost down by half." In the first half of the games, Fitzgerald estimated about 1370 athletes , coaches and chaperones with second half numbers hovering around 1780 people. "The Winter Games are normally held during the Easter break to allow the kids to go from school to the games and then back to school." Fitzgerald adds. " With the split , families can get a bit of break during the holidays." Women Hockey is now an Olympic event and was introduced as a new competition to this year 's games. Women 's Hockey was demonstrated in hopes of Winter Games 2001 Athletes' Parade , Opening Ceremonies SASKATCHEWAN l l:IBIA l:I 11 �Saskatchewan Indian\VinterGames2001 (cantinuedjrom page 4) 2001 Winter Games 2001 Athletes ' Parade , Opening Ceremonies becoming a regular eve nt. There were no points awarded for this years competitio n . The Games organizing committee featured arm wres tling as this year's demonstration spor t to replace the usual fighting spor ts suc h as boxing , wrestling or tae kwon do . "Arm wres tling w ill still allow the kids to go back home and be proud of their victor ies and accomp lishments" Fitzgerald states. This year 's games also highlighted a Provinci al First Nations Role Model and Wellness Program. The Provincial Role Model program was open to all First Nation 's yo uth and not limited to games participants only . The Role Models were First Nations youth nomin ated by Saskatchewan 's 10 Tribal Councils SASKATCHEWAN WINTER GAMES TRIBAL COUNCIL TOTALS OFFICIAL RESULTS 1st Meadow Lake Tribal Council 449 pts 2nd Prince Albert Grand Council 333 pts 3rd Battlefords Tribal Council 323 pts 4th File Hills/Qu' Appelle Tribal Council 294 pts 5th Saskatoon Tribal Council 294 pts 6th Agency Chiefs Tribal Council 280 pts 7th Onion Lake First Nation 246 pts 8th Yorkton Tribal Council 246 pts 9th Touchwood Agency Tribal Council 204 pts 10th Southeast Treaty #4 Tribal Council 156 pts and selected on the merits of their var iou s achievements in academics , ath letics and commun ity. The PAGC Health Department is to be commended for hosting the Wellness Program. Various ve nu es were stationed throughout the Winter Games to educate the games participants about healthy lifestyles and we llness initiatives. The Wellness Program provided information on such topics as smoking, dental health , drugs , alcoho l consumption, safe sex and even about the importance of drinking water . The legacy of the games provides a few days to come together and compete aga inst old and new friends , build self-esteem and confidence of our future First Nations commu nity leaders. The Prince Albert Grand Council were exce llent hosts and truly honored the principles of the 2001 Games ' theme, Strong Hear ts, Strong Minds , Strong Nations. ~ FIRSTNATIONSBANK ••j#U:t-Hi THE FIRST NATIONS BANK OF CANADA WAS CREATEDTO SERVETHE GROWING NEEDS OF CANADA'S ABORIGINAL COMMUNITY. We proudl y gffer* a full range of: • commercial deposit and loan products • personal deposlt and loan products • term deposits, G IC's and investments • PC and t elephone banking services Visit any First Nations Bank of Canada or TD Bank to open your account with First Nations Bank of Canada today . OR For more information or to open an account , call toll -free 1-888 -825 -3458 FIRS T NATIONS BANK l:Jl!1:mll Head Office 224 Fourth Avenue South Saskatoon, SK SlK 5M5 An Affiliate of Ei]eANK Phone: (3 06) 955-3622 Fax: (306) 955-6811 Team Member, File Hills/Qu 'Appelle Tribal Council 12 * Some products and services are offered through TD Bank Financia l Group, which means the Toronto -Dom inion Bank and its subsidiaries , which include TD Securities Inc. (TD Waterhouse Investor Services Canada Inc. and TD Evergreen Investment Services), TD Asset Ma nagement Inc. and TD Trust Company . Trade-mark of TD Bank. WINTER 2001 �Darren Gowan. WINTER 2001 diversity of om work." The show · was made . possible from grants and donations from Saskatchewan Arts · Board, National Aboriginal Achievement Foundation, the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, and Saskatcl~ewan Indian Gaming Authority. Without the support of these organizations the NPIM would not have been able to host the show. "It is truly a testament to what can happen when Indian people work together towards a common goal." acknowledges Gowan. The NPIM has been run on a volunteer basis, with thousands of hours being invested by individual members to develop the association and it's mandate. SASKATCHEWAN ■t'!l>iA~ 13 �"That is the strength of any successful organization, says Gowan. "What the members are willing to sacrifice personally really shows their belief in the goals of the association." There is a cross-section of style, medium, discipline and experience in the association, making for a truly dynamic and talent group. "Senior artists assist the younger artists with technical expertise and the association works together to disseminate information and promote each other's work." Gowan adds "Also, at the same time we can help each other to develop and grow as artists." The associatioh is currently looking for new membership. The NPIAA is eager to work with like-minded people. To contact the association contact: phone (306) 344-2590 or write to Box 367, Onion Lake Saskatchewan SOM 2E0. To view NPIAA website you can located it at: www.npiaa.com. CHAD MORIN - Chad is a self taught artist, combines a variety of black and white, ink and lead, wild life art in a fantasy art form. This unique brand of art is inspired and symbolizes his aboriginal ancestry and culture. He was first introduced to his spiritualism at the age of ten, and still follows that way of life being drug and alcohol free. Respecting other people, their culture beliefs and treating everyone equally, is a part of his culture. Being family oriented and combined with his spiritualism are his biggest influences with his art. He would like to be an inspiration to everybody as a person and as an artist, to enjoy life and always believe in him or herself. 14 SASKATCHEWAN iidttiA.t.1 AUDREY MORRIS - Audrey is from Onion Lake, Saskatchewan and is the only girl of 6 children. She was born in Fort Vermilion, Alberta and lived there until the family moved to Fort Pitt, just east of Onion Lake. The farm was 2 miles north of the old Hudsods Bay Trading Post, which is on the banks of the North Saskatchewan River. Her brothers taught her to hunt and fish, as that was always on their minds and the fort was a frequented spot. She was glad to be able to keep up to her brothers or be left behind to do the chores in the house - which is something she enjoyed trying to get out of. This love of nature is reflected in her surrealistic abstract painting ((God's Half Acre", a scene of the river where she grew up. For as long as the sun shines, the grass grows, and the water flows, reflects the spirit of the Treaties that were signed at Fort Pitt, bright and hopeful. Audrey enjoys expressing herself on canvas and believes that art is healing not only for the Artist but also for the person(s) enjoying the art. ((Millennium" is part of what her Mother lovingly refers to as the ((Trinity Series" and is a vision for her people ready for the next century. The style she chose is reminiscent of stained glass blended with the legends of Turtle Island. Two worlds that come together yet are split down the centre, as she is part of two cultures the Neyheaw (round) and the manias (linear) to exemplify the healing that is coming to those who endured residential schools and their families. First, for the individual, then the family, and lastly, the nations of this world. It is her sincere desire that when people see her art, it brings healing to their mind and bodies. Audrey feels free to use colour and not conform to any genre, keeping true to herself. Audrey is currently studying at the University of Saskatchewan, majoring in Aboriginal Justice and Criminology (ABJAC) and raising her two daughters. WINTER 2001 �CLARENCE KAPAY - Clarence is quickly gaining recognition for his artistic work after just a few short years. Born on the Day Star Reserve, Saskatchewan, Kapay is a member of the Cree Nation. ~ LLOYD N. PINAY - The vital relationship of mankind to his environment is evident in the wide range of artwork done by Lloyd Pinay. At ease with both realism and surrealism, his self-taught style shows the experience of sculpting in stone and bronze. Freedom and spirituality , central themes in his art, are also in his ancestry. Being a registered Treaty Indian, he can trace his forefathers for the Plains Ojibway, Plains Cree, and Sioux origins. The nomadic lifestyles they once enjoyed are a constant source of inspiration for the artist. --;:-, , a.a~~ Initially he pursued an education in Journalism for native people, however, Kapay soon realized he was destined to be an artist. In 1993 Kapay convocated with a Bachelor of Visual Arts, gave himself three months to see if he could make inroads in the art industry, and after completing 13 paintings and selling ten, he was on his way. Today, Kapay is known for his ability as a diverse artist. His works range from representational to semiabstract. Kapay enjoys painting landscape, portraiture, and wildlife. Kapay's paintings often depict Indian life from the past and present highlighting his people's traditions, symbols, and spirituality. 1999 was a busy year for Kapay. He won the Artistic Award of Excellence from Tourism Saskatchewan for promoting Saskatchewan and it's beauty. Kapay attended several art shows including the prestigious Buckhorn Wildlife Art Show in Buckhorn, Ontario, and the Pacific EUGENE MCNABB - Eugene has a simple philosophy about his talent and passion, "paint how you feel." Eugene uses oil acrylics and watercolours in his art, working in a mixed medium of realism, abstract, surrealism and free form. Eugene is a member of the Peepeekisis Cree First Nation in Saskatchewan, but makes his home in Regina. He has been involved in artwork for approximately twentyeight years. "My mother was an artist and I always wanted to be one" Pinay's artwork has been collected in exhibitions throughout the United States and Canada. It has won him acclaim in both juried exhibitions and monument commissions to honour his forefathers. At present, Pinay sculpts and paints in northern Canada. He plans to continue developing his artwork with the belief that art can foster apprec1at10n and preservation of the natural elements of the land. Rim Art Exposition 111 Seattle, Washington. The new millennium is also rather hectic, as Clarence was the only Saskatchewan artist chosen for the Ducks Unlimited Art Print Portfolio 2000. He participated in the Northern Plains Indian Artists' Association show held in Banff, Albert in June. Also, Kapay was invited and participated in the Native Arts Pavilion at the July, 2000 Spruce Meadows - North American Event. Among other projects, l\apay was busy preparing for his return to the Buckhorn Wildlife Art Show, Buckhorn Ontario held in August 2000. Kapay's works can be found on the dust cover for the RCMP's 125th Anniversary book release "Red Coats on the Prairie". His images have also been used for promotion of business on city buses, as well as on compact disc/cassette covers, and business greeting cards etc. �1 ·.•::·:·.:~(_,:'.:, · ·:·.,. >.:-:•.·.<_· ,. :.··:.·:.(\::_-,:~/:'./?'·:1•\i: ''ERNIESCOLES ·~, ~".·n~ember of the 13ar;~rii..La11{ Incli~~.•,B~~4W«ras.•·· born ··ar CqmBerlc:1rd•• ·; Hou5:r , ·,s;i.fk.~ffhewaP . i .n - !?6~; -~111.raise i11,~or¥ern ··1v1.1 9i~ot>aIr -was_ih_~re rl;at he dev~loped -a deep feeling for ·nature . and wildlife, ta.king advantage of every opportunity to explore the woods, Jakes, and streams during his childh9od .and school years. \xrhile living .in Winnipeg, Ernie met Isaac Bignell, a .well known Native Artist. Isaac got Ernie started first selling his paintings for him, and then taught him the arr of painting. " Isaac was my mentor and inspiration, as well as my close friend", Ernie says. When Isaac had to fly out to Calgary one day, he couldn't find his paints. He told Ernie when they did show up, he could have them. 'That's how I got my first set of paints, peoples hearts", Ernie and what got me started and put me Largely self-taught and working where I am today. I lost my good friend traditional Cree imagery Ernie finds: a few years back, he will be missed by my "When I'm painting I have a great family as well as countless other friends, feeling of peace and harmony with colle~tors and people who loved and nature and I feel a powerful connection 8 ARTHUR JACK - From Alabaster to Moosehorn - Arthur can carve it. Arthur is an artist from Beauval Saskatchewan and sculpts in alabaster, soapstone, marble, moosehorn, wood, and bronze. His father is from Ahtahkakoop and his mother is from Big River First Nations. Arthur is a self- taught sculptor, never rook any classes. Arthur realized his talent at the .age of ten, while he was staying with his grandmother. Arthur began carving what was to be the first piece in a long journey to what now has become his choice discipline. Arthur's work has been collected by such famous people as: the Governor General of Canada, Garth Brooks, The Duke and Duchess of York. Among his clients, Arthur sells many pieces to FSIN, SIGA, Federal Government Officials and private business such as Yankee Transportation Co. His works have been brought world-wide- even as far away as Japan. Arthur is able to carve anything he sets his mind to. He has never limited himself to one thing. Arthur still hears his dad's words "never give up my boy, if they knock you down get back up and keep trying". Living the life as an artist is something he still struggles with. "It is not as easy as people so often assume." says Arthur "but the support of family makes the choice of remaining an artist a lighter decision". 16 SASKATCHEWAN llt81.&lm DARREN GOWAN - On the Cover of the Saskatchewan Indian is a sculpture done by Darren Gowan. The sculpture was done in steeitite. "The relationship amongst humanity, the elements, and the entirety of creation are a large part of the inspiration of the works that balance between my idea and what the material will allow. Ir's a balancing act working with stone or antler". Having th~ benefit of excellent mentors, Gown is not selfraught. "Certainly my style and approach to sculpting is my own, however I have been shown a few tricks about a few things from great many artists whom I respect and admire, so to say I am self-taught would be untrue." Gowan is a Plains Cree and a member of the Day Star First Nation . He finds great satisfaction in his chosen career, growing and developing as an artist. Gowan's works can be found predominantly in Western Canada in private and public collections, however some of his r--~--=,-----.----~---=-works are owned by people as far away as Germany and Japan. He currently works and resides in Onion Lake First Nation WINTER 2001 �HEALING GATHERING HELDIN NEKANEET "People have been in need of something like this. That is why I have come from B. C." said one lady as we sat along side of a lodge. I "Anyone waiting to speak to the Keeper of the Mayan Calendar?" announces a man. "That sounds interesting" and off she goes. Nekaneet First Nation was host to Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations 1st Annual International Traditional Healing and Medicines Gathering 2000. The gathering was a four-day event held August 21 - 24, 2000. It was estimated that 8000 people attended, many of whom traveled from abroad. Each morning the healing gathering would begin with a traditional sunrise pipe and sweat ceremony. Then at noon, participants would assemble at the Interpretive Tent. The Interpretive Tent was designate for presenters and group discussions. The Interpretive Tent encourages participants to listen and ask questions. Cultural protocol was explained in the tent and it was here that an international assembly had the opportunity to speak of wellness and social issues that face the Indigenous community around the world. "There are many traditional ceremonies, medicines and healing practices. There are ceremonies for almost every occasion before during and after a person has lived on the earth. These ceremonies and practices have their specific, general, individual purposes, time, and circumstances when they are to be conducted." said FSIN Vice-Chief Lindsay Cyr who's portfolio responsibility was the FSIN Health and Social Development Commission. The comm1ss10n initiated the gathering because they felt that in order to proceed with any forward vision of wellness, Aboriginal communities need to get back to the foundation. "We started this process because after dealing and talking with the First Nation communities on Treaty Rights and health issues it was learned that we as First Nations people need to get back to our traditional healing practices. We were losing this scared knowledge and this should be the foundation of First Nations people." said Cyr. "The ceremonies, their keepers, as well as those who conduct and participate in them are meant to assist and enhance life on earth and to create a stronger and more fulfilled individual in their personal search for a meaningful way of life." Cyr adds. There were other North and South American sites considered for the gathering. A council of elders picked Cypress Hills for the gathering. The Cypress Hills area was a frequent meeting place for First Nations' people. The Cypress Hills site is located on the Nekaneet Cree Nation. It is rich in wildlife and offered a wide range of medicinal herbs not available anywhere else on the prairies. There were a wide range of traditional healers at the gathering, fifteen whom were from South America . Sacred healing ceremonies were held for individuals who seek help. "It is not magic that I have to heal you with. The Creator gives me this gift and I used this gift to help heal you with (the Creators) medicines. I am not doing the healing, the Creator is. I am thankful that the Creator has allowed me to do his healing," tells one women healer. In a women's circle, two women healer from Ecuador, talked about healing from inside. In delivery of this message they asked the group to form a circle and crunch down so that the individuals was in a fetal like position. In this position of "humility" the group was then asked to forgive. Forgive the ones who have harmed and more importantly, to forgive themselves. From this exercise, there was a great release. (continued on page 19) WINTER 2001 SASKATCHEWAN 17 �PIONEERLEADSWAYFORFUTUREGENERATIONS In Memory of Senator "Alpha" Mary Lafond 1926 - 2000 - BONNIE KEESE* *Bonnie is the Eldest Grandchild of Late Senator Alphonisne Lafond. Chair of the Saskatchewan Indian Nations Senate Alphonsine ''Alpha" Mary Lafond, passed away on August 17, 2000. Alpha was born on March 7, 1926 to Georgina and Bernard Venne of the Muskeg Lake Cree Nation. She spent some of her childhood on the reserve where she learned many different traditions from her mother and grandmother. When she was seven years old, Alpha was sent to St. Michael's Indian Residential School where she remained until she was sixteen. While attending St. Michael 's Alpha learned much about the Catholic faith and remained dedicated to the church for the rest of her life. Many of Alpha's lifelong friendships were made while attending school. After leaving the school she moved to Saskatoon to work and later moved to Vancouver. Alpha worked in various positions within the private sector and often spoke about her experiences as positive and encouraged her family to travel and become aware of new ways of living. Alpha returned to the reserve and married Albert Lafond with whom she had seven children. She lost one daughter, Mary Gail, as an infant. She raised her children and worked at the band level promoting education. It was Alpha's desire that her children be educated at the nearby town school rather than have them sent to residential school. In 1960, her oldest daughter, Carol, entered grade one at Marcelin School and the rest of her children attended there as well. In 1960, Alpha Lafond was elected Chief of a First Nation in Saskatchewan. Before and after this, she sat on the Band Council. Alpha was dedicated to helping those in her community by various means; her home was the first on the reserve to have a telephone. Community members would often call on Alpha with a variety issues to resolve. In the 1970's, Alpha was the first Indian woman Justice of the Peace. When she accomplished something, she would always give recognition to her family and community members. Around this time, Alpha's life took on another course 18 SASKATCHEWAN 111181 II - Grandmother. Her grandchildren were important to her and she always welcomed us into her home with love. As well as a political figure, Alpha was a family person. She was extremely close to her sisters, Eva and Irene; their children's achievements were as important to her as her own children's. Alpha also had two brothers, Emile and Harry, as well as another sister, Mary, who lived in Vancouver whom she loved dearly. Alpha's children remained close to her by calling or popping in on Sundays for church and the delicious dinners that followed. After dishes were done and Alpha had her rest, a game of Pay Me would take place with her sister and who ever else happened to be around, all sitting around the table focusing on the nickel jackpot. Alpha also joined the Marcelin Seniors Centre and often participated in their Friday night card party, which she often referred to as "old fogey" night. In 1987, Alpha's life was changed when her youngest daughter Judith Lynn was killed in a car accident. Judy left behind a six-month old daughter Kaila Marie. Alpha committed her life to raising Kaila. Her sister, Irene, aka "The Nanny" often helped Alpha raise Kaila with much love and discipline. Though she had a toddler at home, this did not keep Alpha from continuing in the First Nations political arena. Her role (continued on page 22) The Government of Saskatchewan strives to increase and retain the representation of qualified persons from the designated groups - women, persons of Aboriginal ancestry, persons with disabilities, and members of visible minority groups - in the Public Service. For more information about Employment Equity, please contact: Saskatchewan Public Service Commission 2100 Broad Street, Regina, SK S4P 3V7 Tel: (306)787-2424 Fax: (306)787-7434 Or visit our Web site at: http://www.gov.sk.ca/psc/ m - Government of Saskatchewan WINTER 2001 �A UNIQUECOLLECTION OFTHEPAST Photo Credit: Barb Frazer Top:The FrazerMuseum has been in opertionfor 40 years, Right Top: "Funny Rock" greets visitors, Right Bottom:John and Mathilda Frazer proud owner of the museum. - BARB FRAZER Frazer's Museum carries the honour and distinction of being the only First Nations owned and operated museum in Canada. For over 40 years entrepreneur John G. Frazer along with his wife Mathilda Frazer, have offered the public a rare glimpse into the rich heritage of the province. The museum represents a lifetime's work of endless gathering to celebrate the proud cultures of the Cree, Dene and Metis whose ancestors who settled the area. The collection is best described as an eclectic range of precontact to the fur trade era, naturally chronicling the settlement of the north. John found his first artifact while helping his father with the farm. As a young boy he remembers quite clearly finding the groove stone maul most likely used for butchering in the fields next to the Ahtahkakoop First Nations. Today, as he looks back to how the collecting all began, "It seemed as if things would come to me naturally - like it was easy." He recalls that once he had overheard his father telling his mother he worried about the hobby their son had chosen. Mr. Norman Frazer pondered out loud if perhaps their son was 'crazy' for storing people's old junk in their shed. Soon people began to hear about the endeavors of young Frazer and wanted to see what the fuss was all about .. Therein, begin a WINTER 2001 life long affair with antiquities. Before he passed into the spirit world, Norman acknowledged his son's work and importance of keeping the past alive. Frazer's Museum is located 14 km south of Beauval, near the 'Forks' of the highway 155. In essence the museum is located at the doorway leading into northwest Saskatchewan and since 1969 has served as a good will ambassador for the region. Visitors and friends are greeted by a huge painted rock called the 'Funny Rock', which stands at the entrance into the museum. For those who wish to visit, the facility is open free of charge to the public during the summer months, however donations are gratefully accepted. John and Mathilda raised 8 children, who all became tour guides when they could walk and talk. It was important to give their children a good foundation with the mix of traditional and western education. Both parents encouraged their children to get the best possible education available to them and above all to be curious about life. They also instilled a hard work ethnic because living in the north meant one is always in preparation, be it picking berries or piling wood for the winter months. Today, the grandchildren have assumed the role of tour guide replacing their parents during summer holidays and continue on a family tradition in keeping the history of artifacts alive. Whenever possible they still accompany their grandfather on tours listening to the stories associated with each piece in the collection. The collection is varied and diverse, which amazes the visitors both young and old alike. For many of the seniors the museum is a reminder of their childhood and a glorious past revived. John and Mathilda can tell whether their hard work and dedication has been appreciated, just by the amount of time a person spends touring the museum. Those who peruse at their leisure often recall using many of implements in the museum and compare how drastic the changes have been in lifestyle. The most common sentiment expressed by visitors is 'how hard one had to work in order to survive' and quite often lament that modern times have been reduced - to pushing buttons. Frazer's Museum is a place that honors the superb and masterful craftsmanship of our ancestors and above all it is a The museum provides storage house. both education and entertainment for their children, as well as a symbol committment between John and Mathilda. ~ SASKATCHEWAN I 1111•· 19 �ANOTHER SASKATCHEWAN STARSHINES - K ENNETH N OSKIYE For a 33-year old man, Micheal Greyeyes has accomplished more than many people do in an entire lifetime. A member of Muskeg Lake First Nation, Michael is a graduate of The National Ballet School in Toronto. In 1984, he went on to apprentice with The National Ballet of Canada before he joined the company as a full Corps de Ballet member . While with the prestigious National Ballet, he performed in all the major classics, including Swan Lake, Giselle and Romeo and Juliet. In 1990 he left the National Ballet to join famed choreographer Eliot Feld in New York City. While in The Big Apple, Michael danced in many performances as a soloist, and as a featured dancer in many roles. 1992 was a turning point for Michael, this was the year he choreographed his first aboriginal-related play, Glory of the Morning. "I've always been proud to be First Nation," he says. "The arts, either it be dance or film is a way of showing the rest of the world what we have to offer." He continued to choreograph for stage and film, which included two productions of Tomson Highway's The Rez Sisters. Since 1993, he has devoted himself to film and television. He has appeared in featured roles in such films as TNT's Geronimo. He played "Gooch" in Bruce McDonalds' Dance Me Outside, a popular film that is currently still available on video. He also played the title role in Crazy Horse. He has appeared in television shows, as a guest star, on Millennium, Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman and as a co-Star on CBS's Stolen Women. All this success has not gone to his head though. "I am doing something I really enjoy," he says. "I believe our people are gifted and it's great to see so many aboriginal people starting to pursue their dreams. " Michael was happy to be back in Saskatchewan to work on the 4 hour mini-series for CBC Television "Big Bear," starring Gordon Tootoosis. "I never forget where I came from, " says the humble young man. Parts of the series was shot on the Pasqua First Nation. Big Bear is set in the 1880 's and recounts the story of the Northwest Rebellion, through the perspective of the legendary Cree chief. Dancing, along with acting, is not enough as he still holds one dream. "I want to teach, " he says. "My parents taught me to believe in myself and I want to teach young people, especially First Nations children ," he says. His parents, George and Mary-Jean Greyeyes also members of Muskeg Lake First Nation, have been a big source of inspiration for him. "My dream is to go back to university and get a degree in teaching. " Michael, who has been married for 5 years, his wife's name is Nancy. When not busy with his career, he also Grassdances. "I was taught this traditional dance by Boye Ladd, " he says proudly. ~ WINTER 2001 �FSIN OFFICES: HEAD OFFICE Asimakaniseekan Askiy Reserve Suite 200-103 A Packham Avenue Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 4K4 (306) 665-1215 Telephone: Fax: (306) 244-4413 FSIN EXECUTIVE PORTFOLIO ASSIGNMENT REGINA SUB OFFICE Regal Plaza 1962 Albert Street Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 2S6 (306) 721-2822 Telephone : (306) 721-2707 Fax: OFFICE OF EDUCATION SECRETARIAT Regal Plaza Suite A - 1680 Albert Street Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 2S6 (306) 721-3600 Telephone: Fax: (306) 721-3610 OFFICE OF THE CHIEF - Chief Perry Bellegarde Joint Executive Council/Indian Government Commission (IGC) Assembly of First Nations Constitution Review FSIN Corporate Circle FSIN Executive Gaming Independent Bands Inter-Governmental Affairs (shared with Vice-Chief Lonechild) International Affairs Legal Counsel Media , Communications , Data and Information Natural Resources Transfer Agreement (NRTA) North ern Affairs Committe e (NAC) Office of the Legislative Assembly Office Of The Treaty Commissioner (OTC) Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (RCAP) ~::t:~~~::~ fir~\~~tia=~et~~11' s~Ji~tJn Saskatchewan First Nations Women 's Council Senate Taxation Treaty Protocols / Treaty Governance Processes Commissions and Boards Joint Executive Council/Indian Government Commission Gaming Commi ssion OFFICE OF FIRST VICE-CHIEF - Vice-Chief Greg Ahenakew Lands and Resources Secretariat Treaty Land Entitlement Directorate (TLE) Bill C-68 (Gun Control Legislation) Dakota/Lakota / Nakota Affair s Eagle Feather Cross-Border Transportation Forestry, Mining and Water Resources Hunting Fishing , Trapping & Gathering Lands Use Management Off-Reserve Urban SARM/SUMA Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technology (SIIT) Saskatchewan Indian Training Assessment Group (SITAG) ~~~s~f~~ ~:1'.:r:t Lands and Resources Commission SIIT Board OFFICE OF SECOND VICE-CHIEF - Vice-Chief Guy Lonechild Economic Development and Community Development Secretariat Aboriginal Capital Corporations Amalgamations Alliance Pipeline First Nations Bank Grey Owl Marketing OFFICE OF TREATY GOVERNANCE PROCESSES Asimakaniseekan Askiy Reserve 200 - 203 Packham Avenue Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 4K5 Telephone: (306) 667-1876 Fax: (306) 477-5115 ~~¥!;:15il and Gas Canada Indian Resource Council of Canada INPRO-West Investment Inter-Governmental Affairs (shared with Chief Bellegarde) Jackfish Lodge - LTD Partnership Saskatchewan Indian Equity Foundation (SIEF) Saskatchewan Indian Loan Company (SILCO) Wholesale Project Youth Assembly (co-chair with Vice-Chief Cyr) Commissions and Boards Economic and Community Development Commission OFFICE OF THIRD VICE-CHIEF - Vice-Chief Lindsay Cyr Education and Training Secretariat Bold Eagle Program Canada First Nations Transfer Agreements (CFNTA) First Nations Education Authorities Association (FNEAA) Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Center (SICC) Saskatchewan Indian Federated College (SIFC) Sports, Youth Culture and Recreation Youth Assembl y (co-chair with Vice Chief Lonechild) Youth Employment Strategy Youth Powwow Commissions and Boards Education and Training Commission Bold Eagle Management Committee Treasury Board Guy OFFICE OF FOURTH VICE-CHIEF- Vice-Chief Lawrence Joseph OR VISIT THE FSIN WEBSITE AT: http://www.fsin.com Health and Social Development Secretariat Justice Secretariat First Nations Add iction Rehabilitation Fund (FNARF) Healing Fund Indian Child and Family Services (ICFS) National Aboriginal Clearing / Connecting House on Disabilities Issues National Child Tax Benefit National NNADAP Role Review Saskatchewan First Nations Network On Disabilities Saskatchewan Indian Gaming Licensing (SIGL) Social Security Reform Commissions and Boards Health and Social Development Commission Justice Commission SIGL Board HealingGathering Heldin Nekaneet (rontinuedfrom page 15) The International Traditional Healing and Medicines Gathering, because of the traditional and spiritual significance, will WINTER 2001 be held for four years. Next year's gathering the Elders' Council decided to return to the Nekaneet Cree Nations sometimes in August 2001. ~ SASKATCHEWAN llllal..&.11121 �A DIFFERENT APPROACH TOCULTURAL AWARENESS - MARJORIE RODEN For some, getting an education about another culture means reading books, watching videos, or surfing the internet. Others take the more direct approach by totally immersing themselves in the culture, like Mort Van Duzee did. At first, Van Duzee simply attended powwows as a spectator. While he lived for several years in Vancouver, B.C., he first got to know some of the Aboriginal people of the region. "That's where I first met (Chief) Dan George. He is an actor, and the elder of the Bernard band," said Van Duzee. Although not of Aboriginal ancestry, at the time Van Duzee was looking for something else in his life. He found it within the different Aboriginal cultures he has observed from both the inside and outside. "You know, it's hard sometimes to connect with what you really want, and 22 so at one time in my life, I was free to do this, so I started with the powwows and the events with the (Aboriginal) people." Then, when Van Duzee moved away from British Columbia, an event happened chat changed his life. About 12 years ago, at a powwow at Sturgeon Lake, Saskatchewan, Van Duzee met an elder from a tribe in Nayarit, Mexico. He made quite the impression on her, as she invited him to come to Mexico to visit with her and her people. In turn , her people made a lasting impression on him , as his visit wound up lasting between two and three years. In chis time, he helped the people build houses and improve their living conditions, asking for nothing in return. As a gift to him, the people in the village gave him some of their clothing so he could dance with chem in their powwows. And as homage to their kindness, whenever Van Duzee is in North America in the summer months , he will register as a dancer and partake in the powwow activities chat he had only observed before. "People have always been very friendly to me , and welcomed me," said Van Duzee of his trips into the powwow circuit. ''I get some smiles, and I get some remarks sometimes, but I understand where they're coming from because I'm different than they are. My clothes are different, but on a number of occasions, I've been asked to talk to the people and tell them about these clothes. These are everyday cloches in Mexico, from that particular tribe." Van Duzee understands how racism sometimes tends to build barriers, as he has seen it from both sides. "I chink the people on both sides if the fence are victims of peer pressure," said Van Duzee. His eyes welled with tears as he added, "I really feel sorry for people chat have these racist feelings, because they're cheating themselves, and it goes for white people, it goes for Aboriginal people, it goes for Asians, it goes for African, it's everybody. "I find the people, all the people, special. I guess I get a bit emotional because I feel like chis about people. I've lived in the caves with the Indians in Mexico. Dirt floors. I've done everything, and I've been sick from it. It doesn't matter because it's a small price to pay for the experiences." One thing chat comes with living in Aboriginal communities is chat once the people accept a person, they are thought of as family. Such was the case with Van Duzee , who now lives the winter months either in Mexico or in South America, where he lives with different Aboriginal peoples. He has actually been made a part of one family in Ecuador, being named godfather to a child of a family he befriended. And in following the giftgiving tradition when visiting people , they have, on more than one occasion, touched Van Duzee in ways he did not expect. "It 's customary to bring lots of present s. This family is poor, they don't have doors on their home , and they don 't have windows in their house. They gave me a dozen eggs. At chis point in the interview, Van Duzee began crying before adding, "Later on, they came and they gave me two guinea pigs. They're very special guinea pigs, they're not pets, they're food. It's a special gift, because at weddings, at special times, they will give food mostly. This is more than they could afford, because I know the family well. It's very touching , I feel very honoured. " The biggest life lesson that Van Duzee has learned through his experiences on both the North and South American continents is the value of life, and how precious it is. "Life is wonderful," said Van Duzee. "I only wish chat all people would come to realize how lucky they are to have people in their lives because we don 't have anything else. We have material things, but material things can be replaced. They don 't amount to anything, but people are special, they come into your life. You're lucky to be able to share a little bit of time with them." WINTER 2001 �First Nation Members Living Off-Reserve Have you Registered to Vote in your First Nation Election On-Reserve? If you are a First Nation member living off-reserve and you wish to participate in your community's Indian Act elections and referendums held on or after November 20, 2000 - register to vote by providing your name and address to your band office. First Nation elections between November 20, 2000 and January 7, 2001: 1. You must register no later than 31 days before the election. 2. Nomination meetings must be held 23 days before the election. 3. The Electoral Officer will send mail-in ballots to registered off-reserve voters three weeks before the election. First Nation communities with terms of office expiring between November 20, 2000 and January 7, 2001: Ontario: Big Grassy Batchewana Whitefish River Manitoba: Brokenhead Pine Creek Swan Lake Ebb and Flow Alberta: O'Chiese Tsuu T'in a Driftpile Saskatchewan: Key Fishing Lake Canoe Lake Flying Dust Waterhen Witchekan Lake British Columbia: Fort Nelson Musqueam Semiahmoo Cape Mudge Comox Nazko First Nation election on or after January 8, 2001: 1. You must register no later than 79 days before the election. 2. Nomination meetings will be held six weeks before the election. 3. The Electoral Officer will send mail-in ballots and voting information to registered off-reserve voters five weeks before the election. For more information on these first stage changes to the regulations, or the plans for the next stage of consultations on Corbiere conta<;t: 1-888-543-0004 Website: www.inac.gc.ca l♦I Indian and Northern Affairs Canada WINTER 2001 Affaires indiennes et du Nord Canada Canada SASKATCHEWAN I 9 23 �PioneerI.eadsWayfor FuhtreGenerations (rontinuedfrom page 16) changed from tireless promoter of education to advisor to leaders of First Nations. In 1988, she received the Saskatchewan Order of Merit. In 1992, Alpha was appointed to the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Senate; an honour she was very pleased to fulfill and traveled energetically to meetings across the province and country. Alpha sat on the board of the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Centre and dedicated much of her energy to the promotion of the Centre. She also worked closely with the Saskatchewan Indian Women's Secretariat discussing the various gender barriers she faced through her life of political endeavors. In 1999, she received a lifetime achievement award from the Women of the Dawn. In the last years of her life, Alpha sat at the Treaty Table on behalf of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, offering her knowledge of the Treaties. She often would finish meetings and stop by to visit her newest grandchild, Alphonsine, and sit and have tea with her son George and her daughter in law, Mary Ellen. Alpha loved family occasions where all of her family was present: daughter Carol and her children Bonnie and Kevin Kreese, Bev Lafond and Bill Leask, son Robert and his wife Marlene, son Allan and his companion, Bonnie and his children Dustin, Jody and Albert Stoney, her youngest son Dean and his companion Yvette and especially her special granddaughter, Kaila. Discussions around the table were always very educational; topics ranged from world events to how well the Petequacay Blades or the Muskeg Lake .N.slooked this season. On August 21, 2000, people from all walks of life joined the family celebration of her life. The Lafond family is touched by the support of the extended family, friends, community members, colleagues and past and present political leaders who came and paid their last respects to Alpha. I doubt she realized all the lives she touched. She will be missed. I FIRSTNATIONSBANK OF CANADA ,___ THE FIRST NATIONS BANK OF CANADA WAS CREATEDTO SERVE THE GROWING NEEDS OF C2ANADA'S ABORIGINAL COMMUNITY. We proudly offer* a full range of: • commercial deposit and loan products • personal deposit and loan products • term deposits, GIC's and investments • PC and telephone banking services Visit any First Nations Bank of Canada or TD Bank to open your account with First Nations Bank of Canada today. OR For more information or to open an account, call toll-free 1-888-825-3458 FIRSTNATIONSBANK l·ilf ·i:Od Head Office An Affiliate of 224 Fourth Avenue South Saskatoon, SK SlK 5M5 Phone: (306) 955-3622 Fax: (306) 955-6811 *Some products and services are offered through TD Bank Financial Group, which means the Toronto-Dominion Bank and its subsidiaries, which include TD Securities Inc. (TD Waterhouse Investor Services Canada Inc. and TD Evergreen Investment Services), TD Asset Management Inc. and TD Trust Company. Trade -mark of TD Bank. 24 SASKATCHEWAN 111181~111 WINTER 2001 �MOTHER ANDDAUGHTER'S FIGHTWITHLEUKEMIA - MARJORIE RODEN Gloria Greyeyes of the Muskeg Lake First Nation is a typical mother who will do anything for her children. When one of her children is in need, she will go through whatever lengths necessary in order to help that child. Which is exactly what she is doing for her three-year-old daughter Jasmine. "(Jasmine) was two," explained Gloria. "She was diagnosed with Leukemia September 21st, 1999. " The typical thing for any person in this situation to do - especially when one is a parent - is to get prepared for a worst-case scenario, which is exactly what Gloria did upon receiving the news. "When you think Leukemia , you think transplant , of bone marrow " said Gloria. "They wouldn't test her and stuff because, I didn 't realize it at the time, there are stages (of Leukemia). There's standard risk, which she is, and then there's high risk, and then there's whatever's worse than high risk." For all standard risk patients, there is a corresponding standard treatment, which Jasmine has been going through for roughly a year. What this treatment includes is two years and two months worth of treatments which include Jasmine having to go through Chemotherapy, as well as having to take doses of several high-powered drugs, including Vinchristine , which is injected through tubes that go straight into Jasmine 's heart, and Pregnazone, a powerful steroid. If, after this treatment, the symptoms are gone, she is on her way back to being considered "cured ". Once five years have passed from the end of the treatments where Jasmine is no longer displaying symptoms of Leukemia, she is then considered "cured". However, this is a best-case scenario that could be in Jasmine's future. If there are complications, Jasmine might require either new white blood cells or bone marrow, or even both. Yet if this is a route that must be taken, yet another challenge will undoubtedly arise. "T hat was the one main thing I kept hearing, was that there 's no Aboriginals, there 's no representation on the (Canadian Blood Services and national bone marrow) registry for Aboriginals ," said Gloria. "There's 1600 out of 6 million. The numbers, it's one in 750 and those are the odds for finding a bone marrow match." For any Aboriginal person, hearing these statistics sends a chill up one's spine. This feeling is especially strong for a mother whose child has been diagnosed with Leukemia. Realizing how low these numbers are inspired Gloria to take the initiative to not only help Jasmine, but also other Aboriginal people who might possibly come to require either a blood transfusion or a bone marrow transplant. "I didn 't want to wait until they told me that she needed the bone marrow before I started looking, or getting people to register, because why can't they?" said Gloria. "Why can't they anyway, not only for Jasmine, but for everybody, for all the little kids ." There have been times that Jasmine has required platelettes, and Gloria recalled one such time when the wait was of concern to her, and drove home the point of more donors being needed. "We went in (to the hospital) one night, because Jasmine was bruised up so badly. It was like every time we touched her, she bruised up. We could almost watch the bruises happening. Photos:First photo: GloriaGreyeyes, Photofar right: 3 years old Jasimne with big.sister, Sabrina. WINTER 2001 "We checked her blood, and they said yes, she needed platelettes , and there were no platelettes for her, but she wasn't an emergency, meaning she wasn't bleeding to death at the moment. "With these things, they kept me going and made me realize the importance of it all whether it's for my own girl or for my neighbor 's kid, or somebody. It was just ... I couldn't believe that that would actually happen in this day and age." Because of this, Gloria Greyeyes has been on a one-woman crusade over the past year to raise awareness amongst First Nation people across Canada. She has been working on her own , and through generous donations received from Aboriginal governmental organizations such as the FSIN and the Muskeg Lake Band Council, posters will be distributed to all of the First Nations across Canada. These posters raise awareness about the lack of registered donors in the Canadian Blood Services registry amoung the Canadian Aboriginal community. "They have really been a help, all along the way," said Gloria . "I want to continue being an advocate for Canadian Blood Services." ~ �Wanuskewin Heritage Park At Wanuskewin Heritage Park, we welcome and entertain guest and strangers with warmth and generosity. This · leading scientific, educational, and cultural endeavor is a world-class tourist attraction and an unprecedented interpretive centre. Nestled in a valley on the outskirts of Saskatoon, Wanuskewin is an opportunity to celebrate 6,000 years of First Nations History. It is place for bridging, sharing, and healing. CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER The Chief Executive Officer reports directly to the Board of Directors and under your leadership, Wanuskewin - a national historic site - will continue to develop as a cultural touchstone for First Nations people. Candidates must possess a university degree, a minimum of five (5) years experience in senior management appropriate to the position, must have an intimate knowledge of the internal working of First Nations and non-First Nation governments. They must also have a broad knowledge of First Nations issues and developments generally, and exceptionally strong interpersonal and different contributions and divergent perspectives of First Nations, business, government and community initiatives. Above average skills. You will be a facilitator and innovator, building strength from the government and community initiatives Above average skills in management, marketing and fundraising will be required. (HRC-E-91-09) (HRC-E-91-17) Closing date for applications Reply in confidence March 30, 2001 to: C.E.O. Selection Committee Wanuskewin Hertiage Park R.R. #4, Penner Rd. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K 3J7 Tel: (306) 931-6767 Fax: (306) 931-4522 J~~Rve __ 0 wELCOffiE TO ~--------------------0 Ko1<-u ·s C12£E,(._ 1ST~AL 0 26 Pew-Wow SASKATCHEWAN lllal• WINTER 2001 �Your Voice in SASKATCHEWAN ildUltiAlll Readers Submissions RABBIT HILL Ron Keewatin, Peepeekisis First Nation THE STORM Kim Archibald, Peepeekisis First Nation It started out as an ordinary day. Sun was beating its hot rays onto Mother Earth. Robins were calling to the skies for rain. A gentle breeze blew soft messages through the leaves and left a whisper in the grass. All of a sudden out of the blue, the breeze picked up and became a swirling gust of fury, shoving clouds out of the way. The sky turned dingy and murky as all signs of sunshine disappeared. The booming of thunder was heard in the distance. The jagged fingers of lightning bolted through the murkiness crashing to the earth. Slow drizzle fell from the sky like silent tears , changing to thundering downpour. The rain left as fast as it came. The sun once again peeked out from the shadows and cast its rays to the earth and the wind spoke silent times , as it once again becomes an ordinary day. SASKATCHEWAN There are special events, places, times or a moment in our past that are connected to a community or that are talked about from time to time. Some bring back good memories and others are tragic happenings, i.e.; the Jim Jones suicide, Charlie Manson, Sputnik or Elvis sightings (I heard from a good source that he was in to see Fran about getting a welfare cheque for the month of July, only on Peepeekisis, eh!). We used to live way back in the sticks when I was very little. There was a whole bunch of Keewatins living around that area. They soon all decided to move away, some to the city, the rest to other parts of the reserve. My Mom and Dad moved to where they live at the present time. Back then you couldn't see our house from the road because there were so many trees and bushes around the whole area. There was only one big road that went through the four reserves and that is the one that is still there today, however, it sure looks a lot of difference. You're probably wondering why I'm talking about this road, I know there is nothing spectacular about the road but somewhere along the road there was a place called "Rabbit Hill". Recently, I went out there and stood on the very top of that road and looked for miles and I thought back, (I was shape-shifting, cha ...). I thought of a lot illlBIAlll Is inviting articles, photographs, artwork and letters from our readers. If you are interested, please call or forward your submission to: ATTENTION: SASKATCHEWAN ililDiAlil cl o Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Suite 200 -103 A Packham Avenue Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 4 K4 Phone: (306) 665-1215 Fax: (306) 244-4413 WINTER 2001 of things and many good hunting experiences that I have had with many old guys and some of the younger ones. I can remember walking on some pretty frosty days, 40 below weather and not thinking anything about how cold it was, knocking off the occasional rabbit because there were so many of them. I used to hunt there with Chappy and Ole Bill. Ole Bill used to always brag about how good of a shot he was. He would say - most seriously, "every rabbit I've ever shot was always and I mean always, was a head shot". You should have seen some of those rabbits, you know the ones shot in the head by Ole Bill. Pitiful things with their guts hanging out and everything. I never saw so many rabbits in one area as Rabbit Hill. When we would knock off 20 or 30 there was always more to fill their place. Rabbit Hill was a real breeding ground for them. We never had to snare them because they would just sit along the bushes by the road, never moving, making them easy targets for us. Our theory was that we were such good shots they never had time to go wild. Then there were the "Rabbit Hills girls". I guess most of the families that lived in the area who had daughters got stuck with the title "Rabbit Hill girls". I can say that some of the girls didn 't like to be known as that. Apparently they would get bugged at the residential school in Lebret about that name. I would assume that they didn 't want to be associated with rabbit soup, fired rabbit or just any darn rabbit - what about Bugs Bunn y? I moved on to bigger hills and places before they cleared the bush and got rid of the rabbits, (who also had to find bigger and better bushes). Today, there are no bushes and rabbits around Rabbit Hill, just the name remains. To me, Rabbit Hill will always be there as long as there are stories told to keep the place alive. To contact, Ron Keewatin leave a message at: Peepeekisis Pesakastew School (306) 334-3100 SASKATCHEWAN IIEtiA..11 27 �1• f My H 1 - Name e is Jasmine Greyeyes and I aJD 3 Years old. My mom and dad ar ·e Milton and Gloria Greyeyes. On Septemb~:1:,021, diaflnosed 28 SASKATCHEWAN 1111■1~111 l"f!ifl I was ~\.···· ·tu ·: WINTER2001 �SaskTel's scholarsh ip progra m encourages Abo riginal stud ent s to pursue post -secondary edu cation in fields related to th e telecommunica tions ind ustry. SaskTel, in partners hip with the Saskatchewan Indian Instit ute of Techno logies (SIIT) has established scholarships for stud ents stud ying in areas relevant to SaskTel. Th is year, six stud ents received scholarships to help th em compl ete their programs. Kendra LeaMcKay isanAboriginal student fromJamesSmith Cree Nation. Shehas achieved a veryhigh academic standing while atthesametimebeing ,, involved inmany extracurricular activities . Kendra isenrolled inthefirstyearManagement course at SIil, andhergoalistocontinue onintothe Computer Information Systems program. Janice Pelletier isa FirstNations student fromWaywayseecappo currently inthe Management Program at SIil,Prince Albert Campus . Hergoalisto complete herBusiness Administrative Diploma andpursue a career in business. Janice hasachieved a veryhigh academic standing while atthesametime , balancing herfamily needs . LouisBellegarde a FirstNations student fromLittle Black Bear , iscontinuinB inthe Business Administration , , Course at Sill Heis veryinterested in ./ furthering hisstudies incomputer programming anapursuing a computer -relatedoccupation . l Amanda Dessureault isentering theAccountancy program thisfall.Amember ofthePeterBallantyne Cree Nation, shehascompleted a diploma inBusiness Administration attheSill t,.-· Campus inPrince Albert witha highaverage whilebalancing a family andwor~ing parttime. TanyaWhitehead isa member ofthe JamesSmith Cree Nation . Shehas completed her Diploma inBusiness Administration and willenterthe Accounting program inSeptember . Tanya hasachieved anacademic standing inthe topthreeofherclasswhileraising a family. Sheplanstopursue a careerin thefinancial sector. DarylLeaJohnston , a FirstNations student fromtheMistawasis Band , isentering hersecond yearintheSIilBusiness Administration program . DarylLea 's ultimate goal aftergraduation isto become involved inthecommunity sothatshe canusehereducation andexperience tohelp otherpeople . ~~' ~ ---·~ _;_.L ~--, ~/ SaskTe/= �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian Magazine Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970/2011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1970/2011 Description An account of the resource The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Magazine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian, vol. 31, no. 1 (Winter 2001) Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Greyeyes, Gloria Mooney, Elizabeth Deschambeault, Darren Keese, Bonnie Frazer, Barb Noskiye, Kenneth Roden, Marjorie Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2001 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 2001 Description An account of the resource Contents: Ahtahkakoop Publishing Launches First Book By: Saskatchewan Indian Winter 2001 Revival Begins at Home Irene Freda Ahenakew was born and raised on the Ahtahkakoop First Nation (Sandy Lake). Today, Freda is internationally known as a Cree linguistic. By: Gloria Greyeyes Winter 2001 Juno Win for Chester Knight And The Wind By: Elizabeth Mooney Winter 2001 Sam Badger on Raising Awareness Russel (Sam) Badger believes in the importance of cross-cultural education. His goal is to dispel the myths that mainstream society continues to hold about Aboriginal people. By: Darren Deschambeault Winter 2001 FSIN Election 2000 By: Saskatchewan Indian Winter 2001 Saskatchewan Indian Winter Games By: Saskatchewan Indian Winter 2001 Movement on the Plains: Northern Plains Indian Artists Association By: Saskatchewan Indian Winter 2001 Healing Gathering Held in Nekaneet Nekaneet First Nation was host to Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations 1st Annual International Traditional Healing and Medicines Gathering 2000. By: Saskatchewan Indian Winter 2001 Pioneer Leads Way for Future Generations Chair of the Saskatchewan Indian Nations Senate Alphonsine "Alpha" Mary Lafond, passed away on August 17, 2000. By: Bonnie Keese* Winter 2001 A Unique Collection of the Past Frazer's Museum carries the honour and distinction of being the only First Nations owned and operated museum in Canada. By: Barb Frazer Winter 2001 Another Saskatchewan Star Shines For a 33-year old man, Michael Greyeyes has accomplished more than many people do in an entire lifetime. A member of Muskeg Lake First Nation, Michael is a graduate of The National Ballet School in Toronto. In 1984, he went on to apprentice with The National Ballet of Canada before he joined the company as a full Corps de Ballet member. By: Kenneth Noskiye Winter 2001 A Different Approach to Cultural Awareness For some, getting an education about another culture means reading books, watching videos, or surfing the internet. Others take the more direct approach by totally immersing themselves in the culture, like Mort Van Duzee did. By: Marjorie Roden Winter 2001 Mother and Daughter’s Fight with Leukemia By: Marjorie Roden Winter 2001 Federation of Sovereign Indigenous Nations First Nations Artists Language Museums Music Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian Magazine Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970/2011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1970/2011 Description An account of the resource The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian (October 1989) Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Description An account of the resource Contents: Indian Veterans Remember: Peter Bird, Saskatchewan Light Infantry By: Saskatchewan Indian The Pratt Family By: Saskatchewan Indian Isiah Halkett: SL39163 By: Saskatchewan Indian Indian Veterans Remember Continued...Allan Bird SL4779 By: Saskatchewan Indian Lawrence Weenie: SL4638 By: Saskatchewan Indian Native Languages to be Allowed in Jury Trials in the N.W.T By: Saskatchewan Indian SIAP is Planning for Long Term Self-Sufficiency This is the last year for SIAP Treasury Board Approval. Plans are underway to renew the Program for the longer-term. Towards this end, a major independent evaluation is being conducted. One of the features of the new Program must be a plan for self-sufficiency. SIAP has created Inpro for this purpose. It will become the primary vehicle to build an independent. reliable source of revenues over the long term. Other SIAP subsidiaries like SILCO are already contributing dividends. By: Saskatchewan Indian Artists Protest Columbus Celebrations The Om niiak Native Art Group has organized an exhibit of artworks that are focused on the upcoming "celebrations". The exhibit is underway now at the Saw Galley in Ottawa. By: Owenakeka A Native Perspective on Corrections The last ten years have seen an increase in the recognition of the needs of Native offenders by the Correctional Service of Canada, and an honest effort to fulfil those needs with the implementation of more native oriented programs. One of the major reasons for this increase in programs for Native offenders was the involvement in the program planning for Natives in institutions by organizations such as the Native Clan in Manitoba, Native Counselling Services in Alberta, Allied Indian and Metis Society in B.C., and a number of other Native organizations from the community. By: Ivan Morin Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1989-10 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Owenakeka Morin, Ivan Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1989-10 First Nations Artists Language Veterans https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25945/archive/files/c0202dd58b86d9deca7e51e543d2ef9e.pdf?Expires=1779926400&Signature=cu1KOZ5RPo%7E6FnQOnt2Uqgicl5sgPOuAI9iPKMVsez0yf73r7NZ%7EL-xMLyCnvHNLCsXeBDfLa8DVtixQSe%7EWEdDmBE5AKBQDBez3bC31p8iM%7EwgsnzEgGyCstT2i2MO8MMrHfehIHoicICpuCzKmdfZwlYEWkPMqfHfZiRsJUYvVZj6v4qeAMzWL4MFpNQMZH1CeugvLR5yobcac2CmwSpEf%7EJCdKzo6nkGF-50yQxxjTLZXnzMMIN9Uyfs6RctncqnMx-ahhzTr6r0DtRpXINSdDVka081O9t5Rqc%7EsH-l%7EZU38YyFFoiJK%7EOftLnlm06jEVqe7L2W2Ag%7ETQqNQhA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ed0adb0ff0982cfbc1583bb3d72592a7 PDF Text Text !j ·SIFS SSER E 78 S2 S27 �Uhnuy of Saskatchew~n Indian Federated COUt;i . 1~ f"... \ :.,,a,uo,, '1.,,..,011 , p1J - . - ,'I'\ "' ,.., i ,' i - l, -~, . :;'"I, 'T'\ i -··,, i/ ::~f ::, i) )' i} ! _ • 1 = -~:) !:'Y'l . . { , ~ :,, ,_:., . ,,,:. -H'"" ,·-. .. , vQH1a u Uul-:..eStr~t sKatoon, Saskatchewan ~;1x· OPe BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Helping new and existing Indian business persons Providing a source of loan capital - Capital purchases - Working capital - Bridge Financing - Equity loans to lever private lender financing - Advice and assistance in developing business plans __.( I SASKATCHEWANINDIAN EQUITYFOUNDATIONINC. P.A. Branch Office 1st Floor, 3601-5th Avenue East Box 5050 Prince Albert, Sask. S6V 7V6 (306) 922-2344 Head Office General Delivery CUPAR , Sask. SOG 0Y0 (306) 781-4852 Regina Branch Office 2500-13th Avenue Regina, Sask. S4P 0W2 (306) 352 -0996 j I ! I I j ~ , ': �LibrHy of S ..tk a c :.Ewan lnctian Federa.ed College Saskatoon Campus University of Regina 310 - 20th S1reet East Saskatoon, Sask. S7K 6C4 J., Contents 3 ........................................ 4 ........ EDITORIAL Traditional Treaty Gathering at Beardy's Reserve By Doug Cuthand 1Q INDIAN GOVERNMENT: An Historical and Legal Perspective .................... By Bill Pillipow 7 ................. Metis Non-Status Split Affirmed In Vote By Ivan Morin 7 21 ............................ FSIN Elections Set for Fall ....................................... Tipl Painting By Stan Cuthand _, 22 ........................ Bill C-31 Death Rule Amended By Ivan Morin 24 .................. Keeseekoose Health Centre Opens By Danny Musqua 8 27 18 ............... Battleford Indian Health Centre Expansion By ONen Einsiedler ........ . ......... Saskatchewan Indian Summer Games By Gloria Ledoux ................... Alwyn Morris Returns to Olympics By Doug Cuthand Columns 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eider's Perspective An Interview with Thomas Strongquill By Danny Musqua 25 ................................. 30 ......... 32 ....................... .Indian 4-H Program By Les Ferguson HUMAN RIGHTS: Discrimination on the Basis of Sex Not Allowed OWENADEKA:Our Native Land On The Cover Untitled painting by the late Sarain Stump, from the collection of Linda Jaine. Sarain Stump was the founder of the Indian Art Department at the Cultural College. His philosophy of art still has an impact on Indian artists of today. Saskatchewan Indian Page 1 �. ·' . ,"'fSASXATCHEWAI IIDIAI ARTS & CRAFTS a lveaue, llegiaa, Sn:~e!:. ~4!!1~!b~,3DL) ml-Bill 3SHSDI -- (3DL) 3SZ-ISDZ Wholesale -- Moose hide - Deerhide - Cowsplits - Fur Pelts - Sheepskin Finished Products • N.B. Slippers • Mukluks • Cote Boots • After Ski Boots • Garments • Art Work and Many Souvenir Items ''Indian Trader'' • 2431-8th Avenue REGINA, Sask. S4R 517 Phone: (306) 522-5669 • Prince Albert N at'l Park Box4 WASKESIU,Sask. S0J2Y0 Page2 • West Edmonton Mall M217-8770-170th Street EDMONTON, Alberta T5T 3J7 Phone: (403)487-1146 • Northgate Mall 313 Albert Street N REGINA, Sask. S4R3C4 Phone: (306) 949-5122 • Gateway North Plaza J-3 1403 Central Ave. PRINCE ALBERT, Sask. S6V 7J4 Phone: (306) 922-0700 • Londonderry Mall #412A-137th Ave. & 66 St. EDMONTON, Alberta T5C 3C8 Phone: (403) 473-2086 • Midtown Village Mall #114-220 ldylwyld Dr. S. SASKATOON, Sask. S7M 5J2 Phone: (306) 665-6977 • Market Mall 2325 Preston SASKATOON, Sask. S7J2G2 Phone: (306) 373-2328 Saskatchewan Indian , 1 I �This month .the Saskatchewan Indian is pleased to supplement our regular magazine with a special Indian art feature. This sixteen page pull out section was edited by Ruth Cuthand with contributions from Winona Stevenson and Gerald McMaster. Our favorite cartoonist, Everett Soop had a few words to say about what it means to be an Indian artist, as well. The supplement spotlights Cuthands', McMasters' and Soaps' work as well as that of Allen Sapp, Bob Boyer, Lloyd Pinay, Ray Keighley and Jerry Whitehead. Our cover picture was painted by the late Sarain Stump. In keeping with the art theme, Stan Cuthand's usual historical column looks at tipi painting. The Saskatchewan Indian is approved curriculum material for grade eight social studies in Saskatchewan and we prepared this edition with students and educators in mind in addition to our usual readership. □ INDIAN GOVERNMENT: A Free Exchange of Ideas T Saskatchewan Indian July/August Edition Features Indian Art ' This summer the FSIN hosted one of the best meetings held in a long time. In a traditional setting our people gathered to discuss issues related to the treaties. The treaties spell out our relationship with the Act of Canada and touch every Indian every day. The treaty promises included education, social and medical programs, economic assistance, land and guaranteed our own form of Indian government. The treaty gathering was an open forum with students, elders, chiefs and band members all participating and placing their concerns and ideas on the floor. Traditionally, Indian people gathered to review the status of the treaties, the performance of their leaders and reflect on the future. This conference followed the tradition. This magazine has been established as a forum for Indian ideas. The Saskatchewan Indian Media Corporation is an independant corporation in support of Indian government and the treaties. Each issue will feature a theme related to the treaties and Indian culture; for example, in June we featured the treaties and in this issue we are featuring Indian art. For September, we plan a special issue on education and for October it will be drug and alcohol abuse. We welcome your comments or if you would like to contribute please contact us. Strong Indian government is based on a free exchange of ideas. Through the treaty gathering, the FSIN began the process; through this magazine we hope to do it year round. □ Page 3 �Traditional Treaty Gathering held at Beardy's Reserve l For two days this July, Saskatchewan Indians got together for an historic gathering. Indian people from across the province met as guests of the Beardy's Band and discussed the state of the treaties between Canada and the Indian Nations. In his welcoming address, Chief Rick Gamble of the Willow Cree Band, also known as Beardy's/ Okemasis band, welcomed participants to this special conference. the future." The treaty gathering was called by the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and coordinated by the Indian Government commission of the FSIN. The conference was designed as an open forum, where chiefs, elders, councillors, band members could all get together and discuss the treaties in a traditional manner without the usual formality of allowing only the chiefs to speak. This was open forum and all Second Vice-Chief Wayne Ahenakaew addresses gathering. "This is a very historical occasion for Indian people in Saskatchewan. Treaties are what bring us together. The treaties are the basis upon which Indian powers and authorities exist and are exercised to this day. Our treaties are based upon the inherent rights granted to the Indian nations by the Creator and never relinquished. They are the basis for the preservation of Indian traditions, customs, values, culture, spiritual practices, languages, citizenship, and the exercise of self government. I hope that this will be the first of many Treaty conferences in Page 4 band members were allowed to voice their opinions. FSIN Chief Roland Crowe expressed the concerns of the political leadership. "They (the government) are trying to side track us from our main agenda, and we constantly react to the agenda of the government. What we must do in the next couple of days, is have an agenda of our own. If the government continues to go on in its way, and the bureaucracy continues to run rampant about its ideas of what the spirit and intent of treaties are, then we've got problems. The government is trying to side track us and it is happening every day. You can look at economic development, you can look at land entitlement, you can look at the services that we need to provide for our people. The govern{llent has tried many approaches to side track the agenda of the treaties. You can look at the Meech Lake Accord, you can look at the Free Trade Agreement and you can look at the Constitution. The frustration felt by Indian people is widespread, and we look around to each other and say what are we going to do? We hope to answer that over the next two days." Isabelle McNab, president of the Saskatchewan Treaty Indian Women's Council, spoke of her understanding of the treaties and the knowledge she had gained from her late father, long time political leader, John Gambler. "For me this meeting is a dream that has come true. I have heard my fat her speak of a gathering such as this many years back. Our people used to meet and the treaties were discussed. It is our responsibility to protect our treaties and transfer them to our young children and our children not yet born. This gathering here is not sponsored by the government. We have come here on our own. I think this is the first time, and hopefully more people will come out in the future." Senator Ernie Mike spoke on behalf of the Senate of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations. "Government tactics have been such that they are now slowly eroding the trust responsibility and obligation of what the treaties are all about. Our forefathers in good faith and union with the Creator signed the treaties on our behalf. We are a nation, we have as a nation, a culture the land and our own language. Not too many of us know the full spirit and intent of the treaties and the articles of the treaties. I think today and tomorrow we will realize where we failed along the way. " r I Saskatchewan Indian I. •l �Many guests attended the gathering from out of the province including representatives from Treaty Six in Alberta, and Treaties One and Two in Manitoba. The technical unit of the Indian Government Commission prepared a paper that outlined an analysis of the current situation of the Indian treaties as viewed by the Indian government position, federal government position, the provincial government position. Felix Musqua of the technical unit presented the paper and spoke to its contents . Speaking in both English and Saulteaux, Felix expanded on the various topics such as education, health, economic development, tax exemption and so on, that were covered in the document. On the second day, Vice-Chief Wayne Ahenakew reported to the delegates on the work he had done at the international level through the United Nations and International Labour Office . Holding up a treaty medal, Ahenakew stated that these were the type of medals Chiefs and Councils received in 1976 when Treaty Number Six was commemorated at the Beardy's Reserve. "I admire a chief who refused a medal on the basis that there was a lack of fulfillment in his land entitlement. I am talking about Chief Rod King. Yesterday we heard from Chief Andrew King make a plea of support to the chiefs in respect to his land entitlement. 112 years he still waits with no land. Where is the justice? We talk about the laws and the Indian Act. What do they do for the Treaties? We enter into the courtrooms without the acknowledgement or recognition of the treaties. We are 60,000 strong and the government of the day cannot even address Indian issues. Our rights are in jeopardy and the government doesn 't want to listen. So what other form do we have? Where do we run to?" Ahenakew then went on to talk about his work at the international level, where the FSIN hardly had enough money to go to Geneva in the first place and yet they found 20 government employees debating against Indian rights and the treaties study. He concluded by stating that we must take a firm position and the time has come to stand together and go forward united. "I need those weapons. "O Saskatchewan Indian (Above) L-R: William Kingfisher and Gus Waskewich (Inset)) L-R: Maureen Merasty, Lizette Ahenakew, and Mrs. Tony Cyr FIRST EVER! INDIAN YOUTH BUSINESS CONFERENCE October 13-16, 1988 at 4-H Rayner Centre, Lake Diefenbaker For Indian Youth aged 17-21 years Learn • • • • • about: what it takes to be a successful business person business skills career goal setting identifying business opportunity preparing business opportunity Indian Youth: Entrepreneurs For more information, of Tomorrow! contact: Indian Youth Business Conference '88 c/o Indian 4-H Program 3130 - 8th Street East SASKATOON, Sask. S7K 2H6 933-5088 Pages �· ,.askForce,established bytheHonourable , hasa mandate to examine the "andpost-secondary education in . ically,theTaskForcewill: - tionalsystemin theNorth; ernsof northernpeople; oncernspresented. Community Location StonyRapids Community Hall Cumberland House SchoolGym Creighton Community Hall PelicanNarrows HamletHall Beauval ArenaMezzanine lie a la Crosse SchoolGym BuffaloNarrows Friendship Centre La Loche TownHall Pinehouse LCAHall LaRonge PreCamSchoolGym Time 12:00Noon 1:00p.m. 7:30p.m.(D.S.) 1:00p.m. 1:00p.m. 7:00p.m. 1:00p.m. 7:00p.m. 1:00p.m. 7:00p.m. Page 6 Saskatchewan Indian �Saskatchewan Metis Non-Status Split Affirmed in Vote By Ivan Morin ( . T After six years of internal debate and a six month campaign, the Metis and Non-Status Indians of Saskatchewan have voted to split. In a province-wide referendum held on August 20, fiftythree percent of those who cast ballots voted to split the former Association of Metis and Non-Status Indians of Saskatchewan (AMNSIS) into two separate groups, one representing the Metis and another for the Non-Status Indians. The Metis Society of Saskatchewan, which will represent the Metis interest~ in the province, says that the vote was a victory for Metis self-determination. Although the vote and the campaign showed a deep split in a number of communities the Metis Society of Saskatchewan leadership says that "we have to put aside our feelings of hardship and forget about personalities". Clem Chartier, a spokesman for the society said, "Let's look at the future and rally around our organization. We're hoping those metis who voted for AMNSIS to stay together will continue to participate in the Metis Society of Saskatchewan." Jim Sinclair, former leader of AMNSIS says that he is willing to accept the outcome of the vote. Sinclair said, "People are saying in a roundabout way they voted me out." Although the campaign leading to the vote was relatively short the history of separation is long. In 1983 AMNSIS, along with Metis representatives from 8.C., Alberta and Manitoba, formed the Metis National Council to represent the Metis at the First Minister's Conference on Aboriginal Issues. They had been formerly represented by the Native Council of Canada, but the Metis leadership felt that the NCC was not adequately representing the metis concerns. At that time Sinclair, as leader of ANMSIS, stated that ihe Matis must have their own organization in order that their concerns and constitutional rights are properly represented." Saskatchewan Indian Upon returning to SaskatcheSinclair restated this to the AMNSIS membership and a plan was put in place to eventually split the organization into two groups. Since that time applications have been made to the Secretary of State for funding for a Non-Status group in Saskatchewan. At the 1987 AMNSIS Annual Assembly in Batoche, a resolution was passed to formally split AMNSIS into two groups. A Metis constitution committee was set up to ensure that a smooth parting of ways would happen. Shortly after the committee resigned leaving the transition in doubt for some members. A Metisconstitution meeting was called in February, 1988, and the Matis Society of Saskatchewan was reborn. The Society took over the AMNSIS corporation and effectively became the sole representatives of the Metis people of Saskatchewan. This move prompted three members of the AMNSIS executive to begin a court action to retain control of AMNSIS corporations and assets. A five month court battle was waged leading to the decision by the court to hold a province wide referendum where all Metis and wan Non-Status people in Saskatchewan could vote. Now that the vote is complete both Clifford LaRocque, the interim leader of the Metis Society of Saskatchewan and Jini. Sinclair say they would like to see a smooth transition. LaRocque says that as soon as the vote is official the Metis Society could hold a general assembly within sixty or ninety days : Sinclair says that he will work to form a non-status organization, if there is a need. Sinclair will face opposition from George Morin, who heads up the Saskatchewan Native Council, and who supported the split. The Saskatchewan Native Council is a member of the Native Council of Canada and claims to represent the non-status Indians of Saskatchewan. The group was formed two years ago and says it will enter negotiations with the Secretary of State for funding now that the Metis and Non-Status Indians have formally split. Sinclair says he will challenge any attempt by the Native Council of Saskatchewan to obtain funding for the non-status Indians which previously went to AMNSIS.O FSIN FALL ELECTIONS The federal election may not have been called yet but the Indian political agenda is in full swing. This fall the FSIN will elect a chief, two vice-chiefs and the treasurer. Of the four incumbants, Alvin Head is the only one who is not declared. Alvin occupies the position of treasurer. The incumbants who have declared are Roland Crowe current chief, Wayne Ahenakew currently the second vice-chief, and Henry Daniels currently the fourth vice-chief. Under the FSIN election rules, candidates merely have to declare their candidacy and not commit themselves to any position. The remaining declared candidates are Danny Bellegarde, George Peeace, Gerald Wuttunee, and James Whitehawk. This year's fall assembly of the FSIN will be held October 5-6 at the Sheraton Cavalier in Saskatoon. The agenda items include only the approval of the audit, tabling of an annual report, and the elections.a Page 7 �'\ Battleford Indian Health Centre Opens Expansion By Owen Einsiedler Born out of the ashes of the North Battleford Indian Hospital and the need to improve health services to ten surrounding bands, the Battlefords Indian Health Centre (BIHC) is ready for the challenge of the next decade with its sights firmly set on expanding its already enviable services. Now in its tenth year of operation, BIHC is a pioneer in the Indian health care field by being the first facility of its kind established in Canada under the direct control of the Treaty Indians it serves. From an original staff of four consisting of a hospital liaison worker, two nurses and an executive director, BIHC has grown to more than 50 full time staff operating out of an ultramodern facility located in downtown North Battleford. From initial plans to operate a medical clinic BIHC has evolved to comprise current programs of community health, health education, dental and alcohol treatment. Correspondingly, the budget has increased from about $200,000 in 1980to $2 million for 1988. "Our long term priorities involve treatment program. We're also looking at expanding in the area of training especially alcohol counsellors." Part of the reason for BIHC's success has been the ability to tackle one project at a time. Another reason is the support the health centre gets from its board of directors. Because of the board we have done many creative things in program delivery. One thing that remains constant has been the dedication and support of the board for the staff. One example of this dedication has been the establishment in 1983 of the alcohol treatment program where none existed before. An outpatient centre located in crowded quarters adjacent to the administrative centre has grown to an ultramodern $600,000 treatment facility located on Red Alma Favel-Klng, Executive Director Alex Kennedy, Battlefords Treaty 6 Tribal Council District Representative PageB more preventative services", said executive director, Alma Favel-King. "In 1980, the Chiefs also identified the need for services to the elderly and the handicapped. We haven't really looked at them yet but we know the need is there. As well the chiefs felt that the establishment of a halfway house is a necessity to better complete our alcohol treatment program. We have been finding many of the clients in the alcohol program are not ready to go back into the community after the 28 day /4 I I 1 Skip Brooks, Special Projects OfficerSecretary of State Saskatchewan Indian �Pheasant Reserve. Opened for only a year, 132 clients from not only the North Battleford District but from Bands throughout the province have passed through the rehabilitation program. The new treatment facility was the result of an extensive needs survey conducted by BIHC. Favel-King says positive results have already been noticed, however, "until we have education, prevention, pre-care and aftercare programs established on all the reserves in the district, it will be hard to make a realistic assessmentt of how effective the treatment program is operating." The largest battle has been to gain recognition from the thousands of Indians served in the district, she admits. BIHC had an identification problem in the minds of those it served because reserve residents saw the same nurses and community health representatives prior to the establishment of the BIHC, she says. However, BIHC spent five years transferring health staff from federal government positions to its own staff. The idea behind the move was for the board to have more control over the services BIHC provided. "Most band members now know we work for them, they're the owners, and as well more are becoming aware of health needs and issues than ever before." Equally, recognition has grown throughout the country as more and more white and Indian people look to BIHC's successs as a model to emulate. "We've had a lot of visitors in the last seven or eight years from across the country to find out how we got started and the programs we offer." Favel-King says she has no doubt that parts of the BIHC model would work anywhere. Today the eight bands of Red Pheasant, Mosquito, Moosomin, Saulteaux, Onion Lake, Little Pine, Sweet Grass, and Lucky Man comprise the BIHC board. The secret to BIHC's success is its ability to tailor services to meet the needs of the people it serves says Saskatchewan Indian Joanne Meyers, assistant regional director of medical services for the Department of Health and Welfare. Speaking July 26 during BIHC's 10th Anniversary ceremonies at Red Pheasant, she cited the establishment of the alcohol treatment centre as an example because clients will no longer have to travel the same distance anymore. "It's that kind of effort that makes the Battlefords Indian Health Centre the envy of Indian groups throughout the land.U :·:•:•:•:•:•:•:•:•>'. ·'.·'. ·'.·'.•:•:•:• :•:·:• :•:·:•:•:• :•::::;::•:•···-•• ··.· -:.;. ·:::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::~:: 1 i!\l\!! !:!!ill l !B !Sl llJ:i!l:111:1111!!!'"·=_.:: .·.·,·.·,·.;-:-:-:-·-·.·.·.·.·-·.·.·.·.·.·-· .·.·.·. :-:-:-:-: -:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-::-:-: ..11m111 rs11 ... :::;:;:;:;:;:;:::::::::::: :::: ::::::· :·:·:::: :-:-:-:-:;:;::-:-:,:-:-::,:-:.;,:-: lllllll ... !•·•·•·•·•·•·••·•·•·•·•·• ·•· \\~~\\~\\i~~~!i!~\\~\ii!~i~~~i!~i:\;i:\:\:: :;:;:;:-:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:: ;.:-:-:-:-:,:-·.·-·-·.·· -:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:... -:-:-:::-::;::::::::::::::: ::::){\{:}}'.:;:'.: -;,:-:-:-:-:-:-: :::::\;'. .·.·.·.·.·.·.;.·.:•··=··•:,:-:-:-:-:-: -:-:-: ··············•··· t :; :::::-::· ::::11::::::::::: :::-::=·,:: ·=:: =:-: ················· =•,,:,,,,••::,=,,,_·===,,,,,,•===, :,•=·.:,,,,_•==,,,,,,,•== •• ,= ,::=,_•=··· ,,_.,,,:::::: -:-:-:-:-:-;,:-:-:-: -:-:-: -:-:-:-: ti.i.i.i.i.i.~.~.\.1, ~:~: ;:;:;:!:~::::::!:!~!i!~!\!i!\~: !: ·.·.·.·.··•·•·• ii!ill........... Iii.. {{({{{{{:{}}!) ::;:-:•:::-:;:;: ;:::::;:;:;:::::::;:-:-:-:-:-·-·.· .... ::•:::::::::::::;:::;:::::: ::cJitI}m; :MmJ J): ~il~k~t&.HJwlri /\MmM t?:... :;~~~i;i :~Iiiff~ i!~tiil~ili ii!l:fJllllilii 't{ij ]~Il6~f ::: ~~ Iw~ : :~I:r:rqffi fiB:~I@K~n~~~ i:: ·:Bah:d iah:diis::mrne: ve.d::tcf be.Jhe::brothef t ::m::c.Bi :Jhsiit6.M8.kJt t>>:>t · ·......•,• ,,......', 1 -:-::-:: :::.:i:? YMxM%M ts:rn;;:waMH1Jt~hiKC i,tJey:i:::: Ririf ::W:qr1~ ::: wij:tfm1:wiij ::: Ji#:t:@ \I :;ifili iJBI :i!!! ~~~\11 iB:ii1:f ct1iili~lf 6.!!:111! ::B:~:Je9:~K@~ :Uift~ )@)~ : :m~# \Mir:rJ:M~r iIt :!!~il :lil~ l!illjitli:~ill~l~~l !IIIB~ !illl! 1 -:-::-:- !til~ti~~ll\lf~i i1i~rJi !~ <<<::,: w ounded "' at '·H as s c hena= a1e =·== se1g nn r v ===·= :_::_:_::.·_: y_'. e_= .=.=_ =_=. ~. '_r._·'s_= = _,_;_=o.•_:_•_·. .=_ :. ==::::::::vx:::::::::=:= ======::::=== ==: · <•=::::= ===== \ :=::::::-::::::-:: i:=:.•:•: ) {,:,:,:} \ :(,:::::::::: ,:-::::=:;,,,::::: / ::::::::::=:=: f{ :=,=:=::-:=.•.•:=:::::::::::: ) i?> .:,:::::::= :=:=:::=::::::=:::=:::=::::'::-•,:::,,,:•.· ..... . :::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::i:\:;:;:~:::: i::::::;:::::::: :::•:•:•· ··-··· Page 9 �The Historical and Legal Perspective of Indian Government By Bill Pillipow To understand how Indian people and Indian nations can best put forward their argument for enforcement of treaties and Indian self determination, it is necessary to review the history and events from early times to the present. The history of Indian nations is the longest history this nation of ours has. To advance the Indian position one .must base it on fact and put forth the best scenerio possible. Fact is on the side of the Indian nations as it relates to the federal crown - the Indian position is based on fairness - it is just, equitable and right. One must start many years before the pronouncement of the Royal Proclamation of 1763, but it was in that year, 225 years ago, that the Proclamation set down in writing the rights and privileges of the Indian nations and the clear obligations to be undertaken by the Crown. For the next 104 years, the British Crown and the Indian nations were governed by it until once again it was affirmed in the British North America Act, passed in 1867. By Section 91 (24), the responsibility for obligations of Indians and Indian nations rested squarely on the Federal Crown. Soon thereafter, Treaties were entered into between the Indian na- tions and the federal crown, commencing in the early 1870's and continuing until the last treaty was signed in 1921. We then proceed to the Natural Resources Transfer Agreement entered into between the federal crown and the provincial crown in 1930. The next important step, if you will, is culminated by the passage of the Canada bill the Canada Constitution of 1982. The question that must be asked is, which of these events are most important to the Treaty Indians of Canada? Which of these matters are sacred and solemn and which of these can be altered, changed or amended without the consent of the Indian people? Firstly, the Royal Proclamation of 1763 is a solemn soveriegn pronouncement and is not changeable. The British North America Act which now becomes history in a way, because of our new Constitution, had a way of being amended without Indian consent. Treaties are agreements or arrangements between two entities. They cannot be altered or changed without the consent of both parties; these parties are the federal crown and the Indian nations. The Natural Resources Trans- fer Agreement of 1930 is an agreement between the federal crown and the province and did not involve negotiations with Indian people or Indian nations. The federal crown did not come to you for your consent or for your advice before they entered into that agreement. There is no provision in that agreement for the requirement for Indians to go to the provinces for their rights. The arrangements between the Indian nations the federal crown. If there is something to be obtained from the province, it is the responsibility of the federal crown to get it for you. The Constitution of 1982 will affect the Treaty Indian and the aboriginal. I will deal with that later. Now,let us take a look at each one of these separately. What does the Royal Proclamation of 1763 really say? What does it do? It is 225 years old, and it has been incorporated in the Constitution. It covers every aboriginal and every Treaty Indian. In that proclamation, the King of England guaranteed certain things to the aboriginal people of this country which still remain today. He guaranteed personal liberties and protection of property. He offered the use of the British Judicial system, including the highest court of the land; , I Page 10 Saskatchewan Indian �( the Privy Council. Lord Denning of that court deals with treaties, in a decision in 1982 to which I will come later. In addition, the King guaranteed to you your continued livelihood by the vocation of hunting and fishing, etc. He dealt with you as nations and, in particular, in very clear language he stipulated how land was to be held and dealt with. He provided for protection against abuses and frauds. There was a provision to require a licence, without fee, before any trade was to take place by anyone with the Indians, which in today's language we may interpret as meaning no taxation. This arrangement carried on for 104 years until 1867 when the British North America Act was passed. The British North America Act did not alter any of the provisions in the Proclamation of 1763. Al that it said, and said clearly, was that the responsiblity for Indians in Canada from that point on would be the responsibility of the Federal crown and so it is today. Section 91 subsection 24 is very clear on that point. Next point in time we have the treaties. The federal crown was required to come to the Indians because they needed the land for settlement and colonization. They did not come to the Indians because of the goodness of their hearts. They came to you because of need and necessity. Treaties are solemn. They were entered into with a great deal of discussion and solemnity. sun shines. It's not a difficult word. It Brunswick and Nova Scotia because means forever. Annual means every they were afraid that if the Constitution year. There was to be annual distribuwas brought to Canada, the obligations tion of powder, shot, twine and a flag of the Crown may be lost of watered and these were to come each year. down. The application asked for a There was agricultural assistance, declaration that Crown responsibility once. Does it mean for the people at the be left with the British Crown. That case time of treaty or does it mean once for was lost flat out. The Privy Council held every Indian into perpetuity? without question that the obligation to There was a school or education. Education in the total ... what Lord Denning has stated ... is sense as we know it. necessary reading by every Treaty There were guarantees Indian in Canada. , of hunting, trapping and i fishing and there was the medicine chest. Treaty Six includes the Indians could be transferred from the medicine chest clause, indicating the British Crown to the Canadian health care and there was self determiCrown by patriating the Constitution. nation; self determination was recogFor some reason, Indians do not refer nized and not existinguished as some to this decision; perhaps because they are saying today. I submit that in treaty, feel that they lost the application. Well, self determination was reaffirmed. Lord Denning sensed that there was I want to come back to discuss great apprehension by the Indians the Privy Council and the decision of about their rights and the obligations of 1982 by Lord Denning. I consider this the Crown and that it would be best, decision to be of utmost importance to and indeed necessary, to set down in all Treaty Indians. writing these obligations, whether BritThe Privy Council is the highest ish or Canadi-an, so that these apprecourt in the British Judicial system hensions could be laid to rest once and covering not only Britain but the colofor all. So important, I feel, is what Lord nies of Britain. All appeals on Denning has stated that his decision is constitutional matters from the colonecessary reading by every Treaty nies were taken to this court over many Indian in Canada. years in time. With Canada it was until 1982. This court has justices appointed DENNING'S DECISION to it. They are not referred to as judges. They are ref erred to as Lords and these I now intend to quote widely from Lord Denning's decision. At page 83, he states, "The Indian peoples of Canada Treaties are agreements or arrangements between have been there from the beginning of two entities. They cannot be altered or changed time so they are called the aboriginal peoples. They have their chiefs and without the consent of both parties. headmen to regulate their society and to enforce their customs. I say to enCROWN OBLIGATIONS gentlemen are appointed for their exforce their customs because in early perience, wisdom and legal knowledge societies custom is the basis of law. There were certain things given up by and they are similar to the system that Once a custom is established, it gives the Indians but there were obligations the Indians use with respect to appointrise to rights and obligations which the undertaken towards the Indians by the ments to your Senate in terms of expeChiefs and Headmen will enforce. Federal crown and those still remain rience, wisdom and knowledge. You These customary laws are not written today and are sacred. What the treaty could almost equate them to your elddown. They are handed down by tradisaid in general was that there would be ers and to your senators. One member tion from one generation to another. a square mile of land or 640 acres set of that court is Lord Denning. Lord Yet, beyond doubt they are well estabaside for every family of five. That Denning is well respected as an interlished and have the force of law within there would be annual payments into national jurist and quoted repeatedly. the community." perpetuity. Perpetuity means so long This partticular case in 1982 was Then he goes on, "In England as the river flows and so long as the (Continued on Page 12) brought by the Indians of Alberta, New Saskatchewan Indian 1 Page 11 �( (Continued from Page 11) we still have the laws which are derived from customs from time immemorial. You people, the Indians, you have laws and they came about the same way as ours did from the beginning. They were based on custom and in law custom is accepted as a basis." "The Royal Proclamation of 1763 had great impact throughout Canada. It was regarded as of high constitutional importance. It was name of the federal crown of Canada. It still so remains today." Finally, Lord Denning at page 98, deals with the Canada Bill, 1982, "This brings me to the Canada bill. It is designed to give complete independence to Canada. It is to be done by patriating the Constitution to use a coined word. It is to be done by the Constitution Act of 1982. No longer will the United Kingdom, Parliament have any power to pass any law extending to Canada ... but the Dominion Parlia- "It is very clear that the Federal Crown undertook certain obligations and those obligations will continue." ranked by the Indian people as their bill of rights equivalent to our own bill of rights in England eighty years before. To my mind the Royal Proclamation of 1763 was equivalent to an entrenched provision in the constitution of the colonies in North America. It was binding on the Crown so long as the sun rises and the river flows." Furthermore, states Lord Denning, and I quote at page 92, "It's force as a statute is analagous to the status of the Magna Carta which has always been considered to be the law throughout the empire." That's the same level that Lord Denning equates to the Royal Proclamation of 1763. The 1763 Proclamation governed the position of the Indian peoples for the next 104 years until the British North America (B.N.A.) Act was passed and still continues to do so. Lord Denning then deals with the B.N.A. Act, at page 93, "How did this affect the Indians? Section 91.24 gave the Dominion Parliament the exclusive power to legislate for Indians and lands reserved for Indians and that's all it did." The federal crown was to carry it out on the basis of the Royal Proclamation. He deals with treaties next. He states, at page 95, "By the treaty the Indians ceded and surrendered much oftheirlandstothe Crown and in return the Crown undertook the obligations the Indians specified in the treaties. It was an obligation by the federal crown; by the British Crown to begin with in Page 12 ment will have the power to do so. This is to be done by setting out a new constitution for Canada to be enacted by the United Kingdom Parliament. This new constitution contains a charter of Rights and freedoms. It is very clear that the federal crown undertook certain obligations and those obligations will continue. "It seems to me that the Canada Bill itself does all that can be done to protect the rights and freedoms of the aboriginal peoples of Canada. It entrenches them as part of the Constitution, so that they cannot be diminished or reduced except by the prescribed procedure and by the prescribed majorities. In addition, it provides for a dams have been guaranteed to them by the crown, originally by the Crown in respect of the United Kingdom, now by the Crown in respect of Canada, but, in any case, by the Crown. No Parliament should do anything to lessen the worth of these guarantees. They should be honored by the Crown in respect of Canada "so long as the sun rises and the river flows. That promise must never be broken." We must remember that these words were spoken sii' years ago by the highest, most prestigious jurist of the highest court in the commonwealth. Since that time we have had three conferences and what has been accomplished? Six years ago there was an idea that all would go well and the Canadian Crown would carryout its obligation with the highest degree of sincerity and dispatch. The Treaty Indian people and the Indian nations feel more betrayed now than ever. I may suggest that this message of Lord Denning's is a message that every politician in Canada should keep in mind at all times. One sometimes is led to believe that the political with in Canada and the politician who aspires to statesmanship is either not aware of the federal crown's obligations or is indifferent to it. Whatever the case, history will have to judge the consequences. Now that's the decision of Lord Denning in 1982. H "Indian Treaties must be construed, not according to the technical meaning of their words, but in the sense in which they would naturally be understood by the Indians." conference at the highest level to be held so as to settle exactly what their rights are. That is most important, for they are very ill-defined at the moment." "There is nothing so far as I can see, to warrant any distrust by the Indians of the Government of Canada. But, in case there should be, the discussion in this case will strengthen their hand so as to enable them to withstand any onslaught. They will be able to say that their rights and free- THE CANADIAN COURTS At this point, I would like to discuss the position that the Canadian courts have taken with respect to Indian Treaty Rights, before and after 1982. Prior to Lord Denning's decision of 1982, there were very many decisions handed down by the Canadian courts and many were not supportive of the Treaty position. Today I want to refer to one such case to illustrate the point and that is the Sikyea Case. Saskatchewan Indian ... I I �Mr. Sikyea was a status Indian and a member of a band covered by Treaty 11, signed in 1921 between the federal crown and some of the Indians in the Northwest Territories. Mr. Sikyea, who became ill of tuberculosis and could not work , was living on welfare assistance. On May 7, 1962, he was charged with hunting ducks in closed season, contrary to the Migratory Birds Convention Act. The Treaty provided for the vocation of hunting and fishing throughout the surrendered track of land. The case went for decision to the Supreme Court of Canada. The Supreme Court adopted the reasoning of Mr. Justice Johnson of the Court of Appeal of the Northwest Territories. The effect of the judgement was that Mr. Sikyea's treaty right was overruled by the Migratory Bird's Convention Act and he was found guilty. The Canadian court had concluded that promises made under treaty could be overruled by Federal legislation. NowI want to refer to two cases since 1982 to indicate where the courts in Canada are going. The first one is the Nowegijick case. This case dealt with the taxation of Indians; Mr. Justice Dickson, speaking on behalf of the entire Supreme Court of Canada, stated at page 94, "It seems to me, however, that treaties and statutes relating to Indian's should be liberally construed and doubtful expressions resolved in favour of the Indians. If the statute contains language which can be reasonably construed to confer tax exemption that construction which might be available to deny exemption. In Jones vs. Meehan 175 U.S.1, it was held that, "Indian treaties must be construed, not according to the technical meaning of their words, but in the sense in which they would naturally be understood by the Indians." The second case, Guerin vs. The Queen (1985) which resulted from the Federal Crown's position of a fuduciary obligation case upon it when dealing with reserve land on the Musqueam Indian Reserve in British Columbia. Again, Chief Justice Dickson of the Supreme Court of Canada in 1984 stated that there rests upon the federal crown, a fiduciary duty or responsibility when it deals with reserve lands. This responsibility of the Federal Crown should strengthen further the proposition that the federal crown has a duty to the Treaty Indian in the form of a treaty obligation. Thus, it can be said that the courts have made a turn since the passing of the Canada Bill and the Charter of Rights and are prepared to support the Indian Treaty position as solemn and sacred. In addition, it can be suggested that the courts may look to the way the Indian naturally understood the terms used and discussions had at the time of the making of Treaty as the meaning fo be ascribed to that Treaty. I know that the Indian Senate and the elders have taken the position consistently that Treaties are not to be taken to court; that it is not the court 's responsibility to adjudicate treaties; that the Treaties are solemn and sacred. The position of the elders is that the treaties are only to be administered. Well, I think the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada has just said that. He has said that it is how you, the Indian, naturally understood what the meaning of the Treaty was and is how it should be interpreted and applied. He has given you the opportunity and right to decide what it was that the Indian understood the treaty to mean at the time that it was made. 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Page 13 �Stanley Mission Church Gets New Spire l I ( By Betty Ann Adam For over 130 years, Holy Trinity Church in Stanley Mission has served as a landmark and meeting place for the Indian people who lived on the Churchill River. Now the church is being restored for the benefit of future generations. The church is "Saskatchewan's oldest building and is one of the largest mission churches ever built" said Colin Maxwell, Minister of Recreation and Culture. The church originally had a 127 foot spire on the steeple. However, in the early part of this century the spire deteriorated and had to be removed. A new spire was constructed from aluminum based on an old photograph of the original. The church was built between 1851 and 1860 at the Stanley Mission Settlement which is located 75 km north of La Range. A Scottish carpenter named McLeod supervised the work which was done by the local people who hauled logs to the site which is accessible only by water. The logs were then sawed by hand into lumber. The famous stained glass windows were brought from England by the Reverend Robert Hunt in 1851. He also brought tools, locks, hinges, window frames and doors. The church was styled after English churches, a design which is difficult to heat in the harsh northern Saskatchewan winters. As a result, the church was usually only used for services in the summer or in mild winters. The mission began when an Indian, James Settee, who had been educated at St. John's College in Winnipeg, paved the way for missionary James Hunter by converting the local Shaman. With the Shaman's conversion, the people followed. In 1847, 107 people were baptized at Stanley Page 14 A twenty seven foot aluminum spire was recently added to the 128 year old landmark. I "Ii Mission. Original construction of the building was very different from the work currently being done which utilizes welded aluminum and a helicopter to put the spire in place. Since 1981, the provincial and federal governments have spent more than $200,000 to repair the foundation, walls, stairs, stained glass windows, bell tower and roof of the historic church. □ Saskatchewan Indian �r GOLF NEWS PRAIRIE CRAFTS By Gloria Ledoux Sixty-one golfers participated in the La Range First annual golf tournament held at Kachers in Prince Albert on July 9 and 10. Championship Flight: Bill Cameron143; Ken Sinclair-144; John Dorion144 First Flight: Hector Gaudry-153; Todd Ahenakew-157; Terry Sanderson-159 Second Flight: Osborne Turner -171; Alphonse Bird; Leonard Ledoux Th lrd Fllght: Larry Arcand; Fletcher Greyeyes; Charles Whitecap Ladies Championship Flight: Rose Anne Antoine-191; Donna Morin-195; Linda Greyeyes-199 Jr. Boys Flight: David Morin-168; Jason Ahenakew; Trevor Ledoux Most Honest Golfer: Solomon Charles; Oscar Bear Closest to the Pin: David Morin (Jr), Allen Bird (Men's) Linda Greyeyes and Andrea Sanderson (Ladies) Vegas Hole: Terry Sanderson (July 9); Hector Gaudry (July 10). The tournament was organized by San Hardlotte, Gordon Keewatin and Chief Harry Cook. They hope to make this an annual event. CRAFT • Beads SUPPLIES • Feathers Mail Order Saskatoon, • Leather Catalog • Fur Available 213 Wall Street Saskatchewan • S7K 1N5 934-1684 DAVID B. WILLIAMS The Saskatoon Native Golf Association held their first annual golf tournament at the Holiday Park on July 2-3. 87 golfers participated from Saskatchewan and Alberta. Men's Championship Flight: Ken Sinclair-140; Bill Cameron; George Cameron First Flight: Harris Cameron-161; Don lrving-164;Joseph Straightnose-165; Second Flight: Mike Quewezance; Alphonse Bird; Enoch Poitras Third Flight: Ray Ahenakew; Harry Cook; Raymond Head Ladles Championship Flight: Wanda Baptiste; Holly Johnson; Rose Anne Antoine Ladles First Flight: Valerie Bonaise-211; Molly Potts-217; Lillian Fox-227 Jr. Boys Flight: Trevor Ledoux-186; Chad Baptiste-196; Gary Arcand-198 Senior Men's Flight: Francis Cote-161; Fred Sasakamoose-165; Maurice Blondeau-167.O Saskatchewan Indian Watercolors & limited edition prints. --··-· · ··-· --- -···· ····-- -- ·- · ··- -···-· trading post 226-2nd Avenue South Saskatoon,Saskatchewan 653-1769 Page 15 �( Every once in a while you get the privilege to speak heart to heart with an elder. In my recent visit to Keeseekoose I had such an opportunity with Grandfather Thomas Strongquill who was born in 1892. It gives me great pleasure to speak to young people whenever the opportunity occurs. There are so many changes today it's hard, everything took time to do and to make it happen, we were much more careful at what we did and what we said to others or to one another. When someone wanted to do something like a pow-wow or council dance or sundance, etc., all the Elders were informed and they in turn would instruct their leaders and their young people on how they could help. Everything and every action was carefully looked at, in order that we may not overlook some detail of responsibiity or any action that might off end the people we were trying to help. So therefore, it was important to know and understand each others ceremonies on the Rules or Laws that governed our ceremonies in order for this to happen. We had to always talk (total communication) with one another at all times. Ta/king to one another was very important. I think I would say this is the most important thing that must take place for anything good to happen in a community, that is, talking to one another. Perhaps you might have a different word for it today, but it is the same as talking to one another. This is what helps people of all ages to understand one another. That is why in the past our people did not need to hit their children, because the parents and the Grandparents were always talking to the chidren telling them how to behave with one another as brothers and sisters, and as relatives to other Page 16 An Interview with Thomas Strongquill By DannyMusqua people and their children. This was necessary for peace and cooperation among our people and their children. This was a law. The children were taught to show respect for all people young and old, especially the elders. And you as an elder must be an example to all people, especially the youth today. It's sad to say most of our people don't follow this today. It's sad to say most of our people don't follow this today, it is being lost to us. The young people don't have any respect for the old people anymore and what is even more sad is many old people don't have respect for themselves. Alcohol is destroying our way of life and there are many new problems I don't have words for. All I can say is, the world is turning away from the Great Spirit, the Good and Eternal God and our Grandfather, and turning to evil things because it is easier to do evil than gooq things, and of course the evil ones pays you for those things you do that are evil with evil. That is his reward for obeyir.g and being evil. Perhaps today our young people have nothing to do with why this happens. In the past children always had a lot of work and recreation and they were never allowed to have any idle time to themselves. That is the secret to raising good children. You must keep them busy and they also have to have some time for fun and play, but it must be good fun and good play. You must have a word for that (organized recreation) today. Maybe today our leaders might be too young to lead and maybe they don't have the teaching and the training to become good leaders. All the skills for leadership must be learned Jong before you become a leader. In the old days an Okima or leader was much older than today's leaders. They had to learn to become a leader, by being with old people who were leaders themselves. He had to learn to sacrifice many things, abstain and fast to acquire the wisdom tf1 understand what he was being taught, to be able to carry out his duty, when he became a leader. The first and most important task of a leader is to unify his people and then next to that is to make his people work together to lead them to make that happen. In the old days this is how our chiefs and leaders used to work. It {s hard work to be a leader. It is hard today to learn these things because we are losing our lan(Continued on Page 17) Saskatchewan Indian �ASKATCHEWAN I SPECIAL INDIAN ART SUPPLEMENT �Indian Art Supplement 1988 Pictograph of a female figure, possibly a shaman, Churchill River System in northern Saskatchewan. ON THE COVER Photo by Tim Jones ON THE BACK AngeliqueMerasty Birchbark biting 1987 ' 4' .. I I ProducedByThe SaskatchewanIndianMediaCorporation GL!est Editor: Ruth Cuthand The editor wishes to acknowledge the following people who have been most helpful: Bill Epp, Betty Ann Adam, Linda Jaine, Gerald McMaster, Therese Schmidt, Winona Stevenson, James Kurtz, Irene Fraser and the artists. �Dreamers Who Inspire By Winona Stevenson .. When first approached about writing a guest editorial for this special issue on Indian art, I was overwhelmed. As one who was obviously standing behind the door when our good Creator -handed out artistic talent, I blurted, "But I don't know anything about art!" So I was given a few days to think it over. I have always been a humble observer of all artforms; literature, music, dance, craft and painting. I am awed by the aesthetics, the intensity, power and beauty our artistic visionaries so graciously share. The bottom line here, is that all I know about art is how it affects me, how magically it captures and expresses feelings and dreams we've all experienced at one time or another. After some thought, I decided that here was an opportunity for this member of the "all-thumbs" masses to let our artists know what their work means to us and how it has affected our lives. In retrospect, it is safe to say that most of us grew up with an appreciation of Indigenous artforms. My brother and I spent most of our childhoods on the West Coast of Vancouver Island. Our earliest memories are of totem and mask carvings, basketry, and the distinctly West Coast style painting. George Clutesi, a reknowned artist and author of two books, Son of Raven, Son of Deer, and Potlatch, used to babysit us on weekends. At night Uncle George would tell us stories and legends of the Nu Chun Lith peoples. Whenever we could, we would sit on the basement stairs, silently watching him transform these legends into powerful images on canvas. Even though we were not Nu Chun Lith, the art and dances gave us a kind of Pan-Indian sense of pride and, at least a temporary, sense, of belonging. 1971 and 72 were profound years for many of us urban Indian teenagers. We were the generation in-between. Kids in a hostile environment that had no place for us, and separated from the worlds of our grandparents because we lost both our language and our direct connection to the land. Basically, we were confused, hurt, angry; and rebellious. I remember reading legends and looking tearfully at Uncle George's pictures and wondering, "but what does all this have to do with me?" At this point, the mythical artforms only served to remind me of what we no longer had, yet how different we were and would always be, from the rest of society. It was a phenomenal period in Indian history. Thousands of young people left home at tender ages in search of answers, a place, an identity. We knew we were Indians alright, but what did that mean anymore? And, how were we to continue in a nuclear age society bent on our dispersal _and assimilation? In order to survive as a people, it was clear that the gap between the old and the new had to be filled. Many of us were strongly influenced by the goals and activities of the American Indian Movement. AIM advocated Indian Art Supplement spiritual rebirth and urgent political change, but most importantly, it offered hope to a generation of youth who until then, had no place to turn. We travelled all over North America meeting new peoples from different nations, dancing with them, joining them in their prayers, ceremonies, and protest activities. Sharing fry-bread and dreams. I am not sure what came first, my awakening social, political and spiritual consciousness or my discovery of the music and images created by a new generation of artists caught in the same whirlwind of change as myself, and thousand others. It seems they were actually four parts of a whole, and I discovered them as one. When I think back on the early 1970's, I can still hear the volatile hard rock music of Xit and the heart-wrenching ballads of Floyd Westerman. I see posters and pictures so powerful I would cry one moment and feel an overwhelming surge of powerand pride the next. And I recall passages from the works of Vine Deloria Jr., M. Scott Momaday, and Maria Campbell. A political movement is empty without its creative visionaries. Declarations and ideology are abstract theory and rhetoric without visual and lyrical interpretation from the heart. Empty, foreign, lacking in spirit and life. Artistic creations also have a longevity and profundity unmatched by rallies, speeches, and militant action because they cannot be pacified by political patronage, or silenced by fear, imprisonment or death. The literature, music, prints, and canvases of our most vibrant eras stubbornly live on and continue to surface. Boldly they stand in the face of the enemy, long after the rhetoric dies. We have been changed by the impact of Western values, industrialism and urbanization. Community-based oral traditions are not as accessible to many of us and our collective experience is no longer reflected as it once was, in our old legends. A new generation of artists and storytellers emerged in the past few decades because they were needed. They were themselves the products of our spiritual, social and political reawakening. They are our link to the past because their spirits move freely between the old and the new. They remind us of our past, reflect the realities of our present, revitalize our dignity and pride, and express our collective aspirations for the future. To the visionaries whose renditions of disorder and flux empowered and moved us forward, and to the dreamers who inspire and give us hope for the future, Ki-nanaskomitinawaw. Winona Stevenson is an Assistant Professor at the Native Studies Department at the University of Saskatchewan. She is a member of the Fisher River Band in Manitoba.□ 3 Saskatchewan Indian �Art Returns to Indian Society .. By Ruth Cuthand Art has been one of the marks of a true civilization. Art activity that was once great now crumbled to mere survival. The can be found in Saskatchewan dating back to mid 18th artistic expression that was available to everyone suddenly century. Early forms of painting can be found along the Churbecame an underground activity. Songs, dances and cerechill River Basin in northern Saskatchewan. Throughout the monies were outlawed and assimilation was pushed on the history of Indians in Saskatchewan there has been a rich people. The white man's dress became more common place, artistic expression. Today artists of the Plains are known for the old clothing was only used for ceremony. Memory became their individuality. important as the government could not control it. Stories and The Plains cultures have always been highly individuoral history told of the old ways and were handed down alistic. Artistic expression among Plains Indians was of a through the generations. Visual records were now kept in the utilitarian nature. With the coming of the horse, the Plains memory. cultures underwent a great change. Tribes moved out from Until the 1960's artistic expressions were used to the fringes of the plains and became highly mobile. Pottery make bead work and other goods for the tourist trade. Geogave way to rawhide containers. Painting became more metric designs were carefully copied, the individual symbolcommon place with the introduction of ready made paints ism gave way to the "tribal". The Indian society in Saskatchebrought by traders. wan was not strong enough to support an active arts commuThe subject matter made direct reference to the indinity. vidual. Symbols were egocentric and were used to tell of In 1968, Allen Sapp had his first exhibition in Montreal and exploits in war, visions, stories Saskatoon. This was the first or an account of their life. Men ··..· . .·..·..··.·.· .... . ...·.··. ·.···.·.· =:::::':::/\?::::::: :.:. .... . .··. ···. .. . ·.··.·.· ..·.· recognition of an Indian artist almost exclusively produced works representing life forms or supernatural beings. The most influential Plains art form was ···· ··· ·· ·········.··.:•:• :::::::::::: ::• :•:•·· ··. ·· Stump set up the Indian Art the narrative composition, which told a story, often heroic or highly Department at the Saspersonal. These representational works were produced by katchewan Indian Cultural College. The course was to train men on hides and tipi liners. Often the composition had no top art teachers for reserve schools, but it had more of an impact or bottom and was to be seen on the ground while surrounded than that. For the first time, Indians were brought together by viewers. Women, on the other hand, worked with abstract from all over the prairie provinces to study art of their ancesand geometric symbols. Each woman would have her own tors. These two events gave individuals the courage to colours and symbols. Their work was used on household obdevelop their artistic expression. _ jects and clothing. Since then, the Indian art community has undergone The Golden Age of the Plains Indians brought new changes. Some of the artists are university trained, others are found wealth, as hunting the buffalo with horses gave the self taught. Traditional painters are dedicated to preserving tribes ample food. The Fur Trade increased the wealth of the the flat two dimensional surface and the use of symbolism. bands in material possessions which allowed them to in turn Contemporary artists are pushing back the traditional trade with other tritJes. The horse also brought about greater boundaries to find their own expression. Experimentation with mobility and all.owed the people to trade with different tribal different media has caused the general public to redefine their groups and share concepts. Although contact was made with concept of Indian Art. different tribes each tribe maintained its own unique artistic The concept of Indians controlling their own destinies expression. has helped the Indian art community to grow. More artists are Trade goods such as beads, canvas and stroud cloth coming out of educational institutions and the self taught were readily adapted by the people. Clothing was now artists now have the opportunity to market their work. The old beaded in bright colours and the quills were dyed with colours ways are gone and the contemporary artist has accepted the brought by traders. Commercially made paints were used to challenge to create art for a new society. The more things decorate lighter tipis made out of canvas. With these new change the more they stay the same. Just as our ancestors materials, painting flourished and the Plains cultures became adapted to the new media of the traders, the artist of today is known fpr their painterly abilities. trying new methods and media. Individuality of artistic expresThe coming of settlers to the plains and the reserve sion is now allowed to flourish as it once did. Art is returning system caused great damage to the tribes. The civilization again to Indian society. □ I Saskatchewan Indian l. Iil~ll ;llllli"i!l1i~iil~ ~IIE~Ie~~: ~~~~1~f~ 4 Indian Art Supplement �By Everett Soop ~ ~ ,!. Being a middle aged fool, waiting to become an old fool, I was once a young fool, it is only natural that I studied art. Of course, back in the '60's when the good times were rolling, all the students then, studied something useless like philosophy, environmental studies, oriental religions or anything that was exotic, unusual and useless . Useless in the sense that it just wasn't important to make money or study anything practical to make a living. Those practical courses were for the bespectacled nerds! The same down (bleep ... bleeps) that wouldn't lend us any money nowadays. Ah! But back then, it was much more interesting to talk about things that nobody else knew about. Camp I believe it was called. Everybody had some unique and useless knowledge that nobody else knew about, if they did, you change the subject to something even more unique and useless. What we thought was unique then, is common knowledge now in the game Trivia (naturally). The situation was ideal to capitalize on for B.S.'ers like myself. As a matter of fact for all Indians. We had not intellectual interests, even if any Indian did, our benevolent benefactors of the Department of Indian Affairs only allowed them to study at business colleges to become bureaucratic gofers, stenos or secs. The DIANO still didn't think then, that Indians were capable of university or learning. Anyways, it was easy to join any college crowd, because most of the studying was done in taverns, but the real attraction was supposedly "free love" of the 60's. The romanticized bohemian lifestyle idealized by the caucasian youth was nothing more than routine reality of Indian reserves. In other words our lack of money and inside plumbing work to our advantage to fit in the hippie lifestyle. Like I said, money wasn't important because there were youth hostels provided by the government, if full, it was easily to crash anyone's pad. You didn 't need money, you can always get a grant through the Company of Young Canadians, or at least the rich kids did, so they could afford tobe poor or at least accepted by us peasants by sharing the hard earned government money. Being rich or poor didn't matter, love and making love was (as if it never was or is!!). The reason most everyone thought that way was because some brilliant economist or financial wizard boldly stated that, the world was at the threshold of conquering poverty, and that there will never be another world depression. (I wonder where the hell he went?). What I could never figure out was why my white buddies had to act poor so they can claim to be artists? This puzzled all my native friends too, so being poor we all assumed we must be artists. So much for Indians being natural artists! If all this is bull! Then how come Indian Arts flourishes today? For the simple reason that art demands uniqueness. Indian Art Supplement What was unique about the 60's was the liquor was finally legalized for native consumption. And how they can consume! The novelty of drinking has now become commonplace, back then everybody was on artist with the bottle. The ensuing DT's was easily transformed to canvas. Where the ideas come from? Well true art like truth and honesty must be childlike, so you stole it from the innocent native chi_ldren going to school or from their masterpieces on the kitchen walls. BUT! You might protest, that Indian artists have a very unique art form. How come? Elementary my dear Picasso! If you ever scrape an Indian painting, you'll see that it came from a paint-bynumber set. Native artists don't know differehce between ultramarine, viridian, vermillion, sienna or any other color on the palette. Although they could recognize bannock brown·, they couldn't read the instructions nor read the numbers and of course they could never stay in the lines. What about the young artist today? They are even worse - they study art. I HAVE A DIM VIEW OF INDIAN ART? Heavens no! I only have a sour chokecherry view. I never painted a picture in my life, never wrote any poetry and never wrote any of the books I said I was working on. They exist merely in the cobwebs of my mind. · Why did I live this lie? Well, I love to sound important and talk like I know something. My poverty could stand a little class, because it is true that I am starving. And I was sorta trying to lose my virginity and didn't quite succeed. □ Wl-iATMAk£SyouTH/NJ< 1-iE 15 AN ANGRY .YOUNG NATIVE ARTIST? ~::: 1 5 Saskatchewan Indian �Bob Boyer t, I I) ., - ~ 4 f ......... ~ "A Minor Sport In Canada" - Acrylic and Oil on Blanket 180 x 220 cm Born in 1948 in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan. Received Bachelor of Education, University of Regina in 1971. Boyer's work "A Micor Sport in Canada" is in the collection of the National Gallery of Canada. Of the work the artist has said. "The idea was generated by a conversation with Rick Hill from the Six Nations Reserve, about how Indian kids have to be twice as good in hockey to make the team. He said even today in the game of Lacrosse, it is difficult for Indians to make the teams in Ontario. Then the same was said of marks in school. The connections seemed to go on and on, endlessly and depressingly. About the same time I saw an article that said government troops treated their trip to Batoche as a sporting adventure. It seemed to me that they found fighting Indians and Metis to be a form of entertainment under the Union Jack." Bob Boyer is Department Head and Associate Professor of Indian Art History, Department of Indian Art, Saskatchewan Indian Federated College, University of Regina. □ Saskatchewan Indian 6 Indian Art Supplement �S. Ruth Cuthand " "He Promised Me Santa Fe" 1988 Acrylic on Canvas 56" X 68" Born 1954 in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan. Received B.F.A. from the University of Saskatchewan, 1983. Studied at the University of Montana in the M.F.A. program in 1985. I have been working on a series of shirt/dress images since 1983. The shirts/dresses have their historical roots in the Ghost Dance Religion of the late 1S00's. Over the years the images have evolved into clothing of the soul. The image is used to visualize the great mystery of life within each of us. In 1985, while studying in Montana, I began working with sewn canvases . The sewn edge and the movement of the loose canvas reinforces the dress imagery. He Promised Me Santa Fe is about hopes and dreams. The Southwest has always held a fascination for me. We all have fantasies of the best place to be where all our cares will vanish. Santa Fe is the place where I will be far from winter and won't have to stuff children into snow suits . It is also good to have someone to dream with.O Indian Art Supplement 7 Saskatchewan Indian �Ray Keighley l "Jumping Jack Splat" 1988 Assemblage -Acrylic, Plexiglass, Wire, Wood , Handmade paper and Fur 36" X 48" I am a Matis artist, born and raised in the foothills of Alberta . In 1978, I moved my family to Saskatchewan. This province is not new territory for the Keighley's as my roots are established on the Sucker River Indian Reserve at Lac La Range. Art has bee~ an integral part of my life since childhood though recently I have devoted more energy to art and art studies. In the spring of 1988 I graduated with distinction from the University of Saskatchewan with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree, majoring in painting, printmaking and art history. The subject matter varies from figure studies and still life work to mQre abstract and conceptual work . I find that they compliment each other and switching development as I work between either style. This process of switching subject matter encourages discovery and freshness as I work. At times there is a simplification and abstraction in my compositions and although some of my work has developed out of experimental searching, yet a defin ite and specific direction is clearly evident. Life, history and ethnicity are aspects that do not play as large a part as might first appear. They become more or less opportunities to utilize my creative energy in the making of art objects. Much of my work is very "Saskatchewan" in content yet from a very personal point of view. My ethnic origin is evident and yet I do not wish to make that my primary motivation. I just happen to be an artist who has Indian blood and try to balance that out in my work and in my life .□ r ~ Saskatchewan Indian 8 Indian Art Supplement l f jl ~ 1.1.1 · �Gerald R. McMaster •»• • . f "Sun Dancers" 1988 Acrylic on Mattboard Born in 1953 in North Battleford, Saskatchewan. 1977 Bachelor of Fine Arts, Minneapolis College of Art and Design, Minneapolis, Minnesota. 1975 Associate of Fine Arts, Institute of American Indian Studies, Santa Fe, New Mexico. J 1 r, i-1 Gerald McMaster has had many awards and commissions: it is from one such commission that the current body of work has evolved. He was invited to participate in Twinning, an art auction to be held in 1988 to raise money for an exchange program between African tribal groups and native Canadians. His earliest work in this series, inspired by the body language of the Masai in Kenya, is a ~isual record of that image. Out of this imagery, McMaster's attempt to recreate a spiritual link became more and more symbolic of every man, simplified to the essence of human form. He has captured in small panels, created as multiples, a spiritual soul. Some are tightly bound as wrapped surfaces, others are less visually realistic as human form, still others became the spirit of the buffalo. · In the larger works, references exist to the teepee hide shapes, to hailstones, to the life force dividing lines and to the more obvious beaded decorations, cross shapes, the four directions and the sky. Often the forms break the surface of the defining shapes in which they exist, sometimes within the shapes, a sense of limitlessness and infinity lies behind the human forms. At their best, they are wrenching works, pulling at the unconscious memory of community shared. McMaster is pleased with the white, almost transparent bodies that are his most recent work because they are neither gender nor ethnic specific. From a specific tribal image, McMaster has produced the vision of soul. Gerald McMaster currently has an exhibition "T.P. Series" travelling throughout Saskatchewan.a Indian Art Supplement 9 Saskatchewan Indian �Lloyd Pinay ~ "Untitled" 1988 Colorado Alabaster 30" X 12" 1 "' ' Lloyd Pi nay the sculptor is a modern man of great intelligence, driven by an ancestral drum to release the magic images buried in stone. Lloyd has a profound understanding of nature; of ecology. He carves like a shaman provoking a miracle . Working smoothly and sympathetically he files and taps, aware of the sound, the grain, the color, the form. The stone tells him what to do and the image appears as by magic. Themes vary and recur but always fresh, sometimes very clear and naturalistic, sometimes in a blend of mythology and sensuous curves. Lloyd is a prolific carver, working mostly in alabaster. He has a tremendous capacity for capturing the essence of an idea or event. He can see the image in a stone long before it is revealed by the chisel. Lloyd Pinay is at home in La Ronge, Saskatoon, Qu'Appelle, Colorado, New Mexico,a gypsy itinerant carver, naturalist, and philosopher. Given tim,e, he will teach us some of the truths our ancestors lived by and let us live in harmony with each other and our natural world. □ Saskatchewan Indian 10 Indian Art Supplement �Allen Sapp ~- "Summer Pow-wow at Plapot, Sask." Oil on Board 24" X 36" .. I I I 1 ! Allen Sapp is one of the foremost painters in Canada today. His art provides a window to view life on the reserve in Northwest Saskatchewan, as it did during the time Allen was growing up in the 1930's and '40s. His paintings depict men cutting wood in the cold prairie winter; Allen's grandmother drying moose meat and preparing hides; a woman pounding chokecherries into mash to mak8'pemmican; dancers dressed up for the pow-wow celebration. Allen Sapp was born on the Red Pheasant Reserve in 1929. A Cree descendant of Chief Poundmaker, he was given the name KisKayetum (He-perceives-it). He was a frail child suffering from the effects of meingitis which prevented him from going to school. But because of his confinement he explored other means of expression, and taught himself to sketch and draw. In November, 1975, Allen Sapp was elected to the Royal Academy of Arts in recognition of his outstanding achievement in the field of visual arts . On December 5, 1985, Allen Sapp was one of the first eight recipients of the Saskatchewan Award of Merit, given in recognition of individual excellence and/or contributions to the social and economic well-being of the province and its residents. In January, 1987 the Governor-General of Canada appointed Allen Sapp an officer of the Order of Canada, given as a means of recognizing outstanding achievement and honoring those who had ben given service to Canada, to their fellow citizens or to humanity at large. "Summer Pow-Wow at Piapot Sask" was completed last summer following the pow-wow celebration at Piapot, and it features Allen Sapp dancing. The pow-wowis of course, a most important part of the Plains Cree culture and Allen enjoys participating in as many pow-wowsas he can throughout the year. Indian Art Supplement 11 Saskatchewan Indian �Jerry Whitehead "Into the Atomic Age" 1987 Colored pencils on paper 15" X 15" February 24, 1957, James Smith Reserve, Saskatchewan May, 1987 Bachelor of Fine Arts, Nova Scotia College of Art and Design, Halifax, Nova Scotia May, 1983 Bachelo" of Arts, Indian Art, Saskatchewan Indian Federated College, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan Within the past few years, I began incorporating beadwork in my drawings and paintings. I saw beadwork as a means of expressing a part of Indian culture. In doing the actual beadwork was no problem. It was finding a suitable surface, how to represent it in a modern text without alienating it. Finding that balance between the two to work as a whole is a challenge. "Into the Atomic Age" is my pictoral statement about the entering of this new era in history. The smaller rectangle is symbolic of what is now history. The first splitting of the atom as already occurred. Bands of beadwork which are extending out in all directions represent the Indian peoples. The division of the squares are symbolic of two opposing views. Saskatchewan Indian 12 Indian Art Supplement ... �SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN ART: IIJtlllllil~1IJIJll l ill illlll !IJtl!tll!lil!ll Artists have always been valued in Indian society because they were the ones who made visible what could only be perceived and understood in the abstract. Indian art, as it is commonly known, is a tradition that extends back many hundreds of years in the area of Saskatchewan, and many S_askatchewan Indian artists today derive their inspiration from our ancestral past. The creative objectives of our forefathers were so inextricably woven into the fabric of the culture it was difficult to categorize them as art. The very idea of making art was a new concept in the Indian world. It did not, how~ver, preclude the fact there were many gifted individuals who were immediately recognized within the traditional community as manifesting creativity. Many men and women were often recognized as receiving this "special gift" from the Great Spirit, and were expected to put it to good use. Inf act Plains Cree terminology point out capabilities of craftsmanship, yet there is no word or concept for art. The actual creation of "art" was not recognized or defined as such until the Europeans began to take an interest in Indian-made objects. Many of these objects were first seen as curiosity objects, or curios and were purchased by early European tourists who came out onto the Prairies. Later, however, these objects became the interest of anthropologists as ethnographic specimens of a dead or vanishing culture. In order to understand contemporary Indian art we must first look b'riefly at some historical developments. At the turn of the century, the Department of Indian Affairs in Ottawa often participated with Montreal's Canadian Handicraft Guild in agricultural exhibitions such as the Regina Agricultural Fair. These exhibitions were often the gathering place of surrounding Indian tribes who performed dances in traditional costume for the farmers and tourists. The activities of the Indian people at these exhibitions were usually under the watchful eye of the notorious Indian agent. His job was to see that the Indian was becoming an assimilated member of Canadian society and not practicing his old ways. It should be noted that the Canadian government had outlawed the religious and cultural freedoms of every Native Canadian. The exhibitions like the one in Regina were organized Indian Art Supplement during the summer for they gave the farming community a chance to get together and compete for agricultural prizes. Students from Indian schools were invited but only through assistance of the Department whose intent it was to show how much the children had become assimilated. Prizes, for example, were awarded for writing skills as well as domestic activities, such as farming for boys and sewing for girls. Traditional -type objects were displayed but usually in a subordinate manner. By the 1920's and 30's most traditional Indian objects were no longer being made because two or three generations had passed and the forces of assimilation and acculturation had swiftly eroded a former way of life. This assimilation process included compulsory attendance for all children in Christian-run boarding and industrial schools, and the forced incarceration of traditional nomadic tribes onto reserves as a measure of government control. This period, known as the Reservation period, began in the 1880's and lasted until about 1950 when the Indian Act was finally altered to include religious and cultural freedom, but by then the meaning of being a Plains Indian had been irrevocably changed. The ideas and intentions that had been for so many generations an important source of inspiration were gradually removed and eventually meant very little to the Indian in his new state. The dreams and vision quests that were inspirational to image-making evaporated quickly because of Canadian law. Male activities of hunting and war -games became antiquated, as did many women's societies. The entire context for creativity was diminished because the life that gave meaning to being a Plain's Indian was forever changed. There was no longer a need for clans and societies . However , it should be noted that Plains Cree religion was being practiced clandestinely and has survived to this day in the form of the Rain or Thirst Dance, the winter Round Dances and the summer Dakota or Pow-wow Dances. It remains to be seen whether or not these traditions will influence a new generation of Saskatchewan Indian artists, as it is now with Indian artists in British Columbia and Ontario. (Continued on next page) ·::1 13 Saskatchewan Indian �MoreThan Beads and Feathers (Continuedfrom previous page) The generation of modern day Saskatchewan Indian artists begins with Allen Sapp, a Plains Cree from the Red Pheasant Reserve, who during the 1960's began a form of expression that caused considerable excitement. Until then Prairie Indians had been producing primarily bead and feather word as an artistic expression, but Sapp created a new context. The white collector wanted more than just beads and feathers. Sapp created an art that was informed more by his white schooling and what he saw in books and magazines than by his Indian traditions. His introduction of portrait and landscape painting on square canvasses was a completely new idea in Indian art. It was this framework that was to be so influential on other Saskatchewan artists like Sanford Fisher, Henry Beaudry and the younger Micheal Lonechild, each with his own style of realism depicting life during the Reservation period, and everyday life (as opposed to more spiritual matters) is reflected as adominanttheme. Their success is largely due to a public that accepts realism over abstraction, banality over experimentation, naivety over the art-school trained artist, though their importance lies in having generated a new establishment of Indian artists in the 1980's who are questioning the modern values of Indian art within Indian and nonIndian society. This new generation of artists is largely educated in art schools and have a very good knowledge of traditional Indian art. It is therefore not surprising that their work is informed by traditional practices and ideas. The late Sarain Stump during the 1970's should be credited with this new dimension of Indian art and thinking. He understood the intricacies of Indian thought and applied it to art-making which became extremely influential on many succeeding artists. Edward Poitras, a former student of Stump, now creates environments in which Saskatchewan Indian his work must be experienced as one would enter an area where ceremonies are taking place, even though his work does not presume the same level of spirituality. Bob Boyer of Regina, is not only heavily involved with modern pow-wows but he is intrigued with the flat painting style of the parfleche bags. Ruth Cuthand's aesthetic gives new meaning to painting dresses. Her dresses become iconic rather than utilitarian, much the same as the Sioux Ghost Dance shirts of the 1880's. The future of Indian art in this province, or for that matter in Canada's prairie provinces, is very promising. Many collectors are beginning to recognize the dynamism in contemporary Plains Indian art that was once believed lost forever. Artists outside the prairies are being greatly influenced by the uniqueness of the Plains as an inspiration for their art. Today, all Indian artists realize the importance of their heritage in forming their artistic expression, and they are making strides to return it to the Indian community from where so much of it came, if only our people are willing to accept it as a dividend being paid. The contemporary Plains Indian artist realizes that the individuality which was an acceptable form of expression a hundred years ago is critical today if it is to infuse a new spirit. The dormancy of the Reservation period has only been an inspiration to these artists and they are now motivated enough to make stronger connections with the past. For futher discussion read the essay "Tenuous Lines of Decent: Indian Art and Craft of the Reservation Period" by Gerald McMaster in the forthcoming book In the Shadow of the Sun· Contemporary Canadian Indian and Inuit Art to be published by Editions Gantz, Stuttgart, West Germany, 1989.0 14 Indian Art Supplement 11 I �The Business of Art By Ruth Cuthand Often an artist can become their own best collector if they do not understand that art is a business. Creating the art is the best part, but what to do when it starts to fill your house? This is where the business part comes in. Do you drag your art in a portfolio around to different galleries and hope they will look at it? Well first of all get slides taken of your work, then sit down and label it. The title of the work, the media used (examp le acrylic on canvas), the date the work was completed and the size. It is best to make several sets as often you don't get them back. Next an artist statement, that should be brief, say what you are trying to do with your work. After you have finished all this stuff, try to pick a gallery that seems to handle work like yours . Now comes the hard part. Get up early, comb your hair and gather your courage. Walk briskly past the gallery you have chosen and go around the corner to the nearest coffee shop . Have a coffee and run through the speech you were up all night composing. Once you are satisfied, go to the gallery and introduce yourself to the owner. If interest is shown offer to leave your slides for him/her to look at. If all goes badly, go home to bed. A gallery is not the only way to go . Government departments and corporations all purchase work for their buildings . This usually involves a phone call to find an address to send slides of your work to. A nice covering letter, envelope and postage and you are on your way. The greatest risk involved is that you might not get your slides back. They will get back to you by letter, a written rejection in the privacy of your own horn e is not so bad. Then there is the world of publishing, often magazines , such as the Saskatchewan Indian are looking for art for their covers. T~is involves getting up early, sS ~ combing your h'air and practicing that speech. Once at the off ice you will meet the ~,jJ IX) editor, who usually has not had sleep _for ~~ several days, his hair has not seen a comb for weeks and usually has bad taste in art. ,:-, ;Vi,_tr.>_.. Undaunted, you pull out your slides and start your speech. The editor will usually look unimpressed, he is thinking, Will it sell magazines? Is it pretty enough? If the editor is agreeable to publish your work, you will be plunged into the world of copyright. The editor will try to come off as if he/she is furthering your career and will try to offer the smallest amoung he/ she can get away with. If you have done your homework you will have a good idea of the price you should recieve . Make sure you have signed over your copyright for one printing only, reprints will cost the publisher more. If all else fails remember relatives will_often buy your work if you look hungry enough. □ ARTFOR- MARTSSAKE. 11;,f / i ~# 1 l~ £~~/& ♦ Indian Art Supplement 15 Saskatchewan Indian �L To r~mov ,e Arts~_BPl~ ~ru1~\e _per 1.. outerst~ples.- L �Elder Thomas Strongqulll (Continued from Page 16) '1 I,~ 1 ;i i co 3 0 'ai )> ;:l. CJ') C: :-0 "O •·m !:3 :'.,~ ~ ci ·-o (D ,::, '-~ co II' ~ C/) ·n> !~(D C/) guage and the learning ways (ceremonies and teachings) that made all this happen. I think we have to try and recover what little is left of this way of lite before we completely Joseit. Today we have schools that could be dong that, but I hear we are even losing those. In the past we used to work from morning 'ti/ night to survive and to have enough food to pull us through the long winter months, and again we had to work together for this to happen. We used to do this by hunting, trapping and gathering . We would sell our furs and goods to the Hudson Bay Company who would pay us very cheap for the furs, pemmican and seneca roots we bought. Just to give you an idea, muskrats were five cents, beavers were seventy-five cents, foxes were twentyfive cents, coyotes were thirty-five cents, mink were fifty cents, weasels were fifteen cents, squirrels were two cents and gophers were one cent a tail. This money was used to prepare us for the Jongsummer's hunt to prepare our food needs for the coming winter. We had to buy the necessities such as tea, salt, sugar, flour, breads, shells and lead and powder for those who were still using the muskets and twine at the Hudson's Bay. Wrapping string was used for snares for rabbits. Shovels, pots and pans, knives -- all the tools needed for the big hunt. These were exciting times for our people as everybody worked together to make this a successful hunt, poor hunt meant hunger for the coming winter. Our -elders prayed and our young men fasted and gave tobacco to the elders to advise them in the hunt. You would see young men that were prospects as good hunters and that are good hunters already, gathered around the old expert hunters of the past for final instructions on how to bag their game. The young women would be gathered around the cocom 's for instruction on how to prepare the meat for smoking and drying and to organize their work for quickness and proper Saskatchewan Indian curing of the meat and also the children being instruct~d on how they would help by beipg obedient making sure there was a Jot of wood prepared and available for the women to use for cooking and drying. Yes, these were busy times and happy times. It is sad today, there is more sadness than happiness. Perhaps the end is coming. I am getting tired but I want to tell one more thing, that is about our treaties and hunting rights. The Queen's Representative said what you have, you will always have, and more because what your great white mother gives you is on top of all you already have. And as for our game and hunting. The Queen's man was told that our hunting grounds, our game birds and fish and all our big game were not for sale or to be given away in treaty but rather to be protected for our use. He said Nol Nol, I don't want your wildlife or your hunting grounds. Instead, what I will do is protect these areas and animals for you, as in the past. They will be protected for your use only. Because the whiteman who has killed off your buffalo may do that to yo Dr animals. This is what our grandfather and my uncle old Kakakaway told us, because he sat through all the treaty negotiations as one of our headmen. He sat five rows directly in front of the Queen's representative. As far as I know, we have not broken any treaties in my time, but I don't know about today. All the broken treaties have been done by the Queen's white children. They promised God to keep them so it is He who will make them pay for their broken promises, and they have to look closely they will know how. As for our young people today, who hunt, should not sell this meat. It is meant to be given and shared by our people between one another. I don't agree with the selling of wildlife by anyone, whether they be white or Indian. I always enjoy helping when I can. Recently I was asked to help our young people open and dedicate a building to promote Health and environment. With this I would like to rest now and I thank you for visiting and listening to me. □ ia11■ 11 1£!1&! a n 1an Languages Instructors Workshop and Teachers In-Service October 4-6, 1988 :::: ::::::/:t Q~##.¢.#. '..f H.c:m :~¢lif~ tH~~f.: -:•: -:-:,:::: !il!l!!t .!!!Ji , l llti ii J!lllili : 1 i:J!!!!!!il iiiii i\?!l!:!11 llii 1 1 111111\fi?IB i~ :::::: 1ijti*-9e1: M# P.~t ~:~~,i:~:~ ~ !~ ~J: ,!: t~m rt: Saskatchewan Craft Council \I, Ta-Hah-Sheena: Sioux Rugs from Standing Buffalo Reserve October 29 - December1, 1988 Organized and touredby the Dunlop Art Gallery, this Exhibition documentsthe work of a rug-making cooperativeactivefrom 1967 to 1971. Saskatchewan Craft Council Gallery 1231 ldylwyld Drive North Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K 4J3 653-3616 Page 17 �Alwyn Morris Returns to Olympics 0 nee again, Alwyn Morris will represent Canada at the Olympics. He's hoping to repeat his double medal performance of the 1984 Olympics. At the Los Angeles Olympics in 1984, the Canadian kayaking duo of Alwyn Morris and Hugh Fisher won the gold medal for the two-man one hundred meter competition and the bronze medal in the K-2 or two-man five hundred meter competition. The sight of Alwyn standing on the podium accepting his gold medal and holding aloft an eagle feather has remained in Indian minds as a source of pride. Morris is a Mohawk from Kahnawake, Quebec. His introduction to the canoe and kayak came at the age of 17 but because of his size he was not considered competition material. It was only after much practice when he mastered the technique that he began to win races and get the attention of a national canoeing club. Alwyn's road to the Olympics was not an easy one. He trained, competed and gained a berth on the Canadian Olympic Team for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. In 1980 the Russian army invaded Afghanistan and the western nations, led by the United States, boycotted the Olympics. This was a serious setback and after all his hard training, Alwyn would Page 18 have to wait four more years for the next Olympic competition. Following his success in the 1984 Olympics, Morris won the Tom Longboat Award for the second timewas one of six Canadians appointed "Youth Ambassador for Canada" for International Youth Year. He was also appointed a member of the Order of Canada. In 1986, Alwyn again accompanied the national team to a series of meets in Europe which culminated in the World Championships back in his home territory of Montreal. This was his seventh year as a member of the Canadian team competing for a world championship and his results were below his personal expections. Later, It was discovered that he had developed a rare blood disorder which had dramatically affected his ability to compete. In June of 1987 he announced his retirement from active competition. However, he remained active as a coach of the national women's team. That year, the Canadian Women's team placed a number of competitors in the finals of the world championship, where in the previous year, there had not been any. Saskatchewan Indian �In September of 1987, Morris decided that he felt better and returned to active training for the 1988 Summer Olympics. In an interview with the Saskatchewan Indian, Morris stated he felt well and thought he could repeat his performance of 1984. However, he was quick to point out that the competition has become much fiercer in the past few years. "In 1984, there were four countries who were considered medal contenders . In 1988 at Seoul, there will be 15." Because Morris retired from active competition to combat his disease, he was not eligible for government sponsorship from Sport Canada. Also, his partner in the double kayak events, Hugh Fisher, left active competition and went to medical school and was not eligible for funding from Sport Canada. As a result, both Alwyn and Hugh have had to practice and compete without any government assistance. Their trip to Seoul will be paid by the Canadian Olympic Association, however they must pay for the training and competition expenses themselves. Morris has been able to obtain sponsorship from Reebok, Shoppers Drug Mart and the Peace Hills Trust Company . However, about $30,000 is needed for one person to train for one year and Alwyn feels that betwe·en himself and Hugh they need another $30,000 to complete their competition in Seoul. The Kahnawake Band has chipped in by hosting a Go for Gold Golf Tournament on August 28 at the golf course on the reserve . "The tournament was organized with a two-fold purpose," said Dale Monture, fund raising coordinator. "First, we plan to raise $15,000 to help Alwyn with his training costs at this year's olympic summer games in Korea. Secondly, we hope to encourage the public, both native and non-native to get involved in the Olympics by supporting Alwyn and his partner Hugh Fisher in their bid to defend their 1984 title as the world's premier kayaking team." Also caps, t-shirts, and a poster autographed by Alwyn himsett are available from the Alwyn Morris Reserve Fund at Kahnawake, Quebec .a Saskatchewan Indian REMEMBER LOS ANGELES '84 OLYMPIC SUMMER GAMES? REMEMBER THE PRIDE! Los Angeles 1984. Alwyn Morris and of sweat. Olympic gold for Canada. ~~g::~~h~:n:~~:~!~: 111.~I~~ / Remem:;::i~p . /GOLD rhythm of flas_h~ng [JJ:}\ jf1[•jj] Alwyn. Morns and paddles and strammg \{{:\ \:::::::\: =): Hugh Fisher are reachmuscles reaching for ::)/t:///U/// ,.,._ -=_== .. ...== = =.=..:--:.::_= _•, ing for the gold again, Olympic gold. a =::::::::=:::: 1 reaching to recapture And later, the the spirit of '84. And raising of the eagle you can help. feather during the ========= Join the Team! awards ceremony, the Help Alwyn culmination of years of training, years with his Olympic preparations. =._:==_=.==.-== .. • 1~;; JOIN THE TEAM! HELP ALWYN WITH HIS OLYMPIC PREP ARA TIO NS. Adult T-Shirts: (White) S M L XL XXL $16.00 Children's T-Shirts (White) 2 4 $12.00 6 S M Caps (White) $10.00 Poster $12.00 Postage & Handling included in price . Remember to include full return address. Please make certified cheque or money order (do not mail cash) payable to: Canadian Canoe Association (Alwyn Morris Reserve Fund) P.O. Box34 Kahnawake, Quebec JOLIBO (514) 638-6223 (Allow IO days for delivery) Logo reproduced in gold and blue for shirts and caps. Page 19 �Tired of waiting for something to happen? Al/~,, C/.r,fe There could be a place for you at the SIFC The Saskatchewan Indian Federated College is a fully accredited Indian controlled post secondary institution. SIFC offers a wide range of Indian oriented studies on both our Regina and Saskatoon campuses. We hire our own staff, offer unique programs and activities, as well as having a personalized Student Services department, including Indian Elders. If you want to pursue a University Education, the many opportunitiesat SIFC are waiting for you! Call or write us for information today: SIFC Information Services 127 College West University of Regina Regina, SK S4S 0A2 Toll Free: 1-800-667~8060 ... V V Saskatchewan Indian Federated College University ,of Regina Page 20 11 1 �Tipipainting was highly regarded as its symbolism came from a dream or a vision experienced by the owner. It also brought protection to those who lived in it. When transferred it had a good value for exchange. Each tipi had a name referring to its decoration and to the flag hanging from its peak. A story is told of a man who had experienced such a dream: North of Calgary there is high ground called Nose Hill. Nearby are lakes called Rolling Lakes named for the character of the surrounding rough and rocky land. I was a grown man. I had given up youthful amusements. I sat on the hill one day and saw my father come out of his tipi with a gun on his shoulders. I went down to my grandfather's and changed my moccasins. I dressed warm and took my knife. I followed my father's tracks. After a short distance I heard a gun shot. A little further I came upon buffalo-tracks. I saw drops of blood and followed them up to a slough, and there I saw a buffalo on its back. The head was pointing east. I began to butcher it. I cut a piece of fat (i) BACK TO my tai/.2 / give you my tail. Now see the tipi. I give that tipi." The tipi faced eastward. There was a buffalo painted on the left side and another on the right side. "My son do not be afraid to make this tipi. I am one with six others whocameoutofthemountains. Prayto me; I am a jealous being; Do not pray to any other. I looked at the tipi again. There was a calf skin hanging from its peak. The covering was of buffalo hides. "Do not give this tipi away; Not to other tribes. Keep it among your people. All evil will not touch you so Jong as you live in this tipi. '0 The buffalo gave me four songs to go with the tipi. That is how I got a painted tipi. I painted one like that a few years ago. I have now had it nearly four years and on the fourth year, I will have to transfer it to someone. H from the breast and sat on the head and started to eat. I heard another shot. It was growing late. I heard a wind coming. I Jaydown in the shelter of the buffalo. It became dark. All night it snowed. My father did not know I had followed him. At about midnight I Jost my senses (in a trance). The buffalo spoke: "My son, I have pity for you. I will give you my tipi. Do you see my grey hair. 1 H I will give you that also. Here is BATOCHE - 88 - Source: Oral Literature 1. An idiom meaning "a long life". 2. Tail end - used as a flag. 3. "Evil" - bad medicine. □ ~ . . slowpitch, jigging, fiddling, BATOCHE square dancing, bannock baking, DAYS tug-of-war, horseshoe competition, buckskin parade, September 2, 3, 4, 1988 Saskatchewan Indian talent show, children's events, displays, Mr. & Mrs. Batoche of the Year. Page 21 �Bill C-31 Death Rule Amended By Ivan Morin Page 22 Changes to the Indian Act continue as a result of Bill C-31, which reinstates non-Status Indians. A recent amendment to the Act has eliminated what has been termed as the "Death Rule", which adversely affects requests for registration based on the initial rights of the person's grandparents. More specifically, it effects applicants if one or both of their parents were deceased before April 17, 1985. The Minister of Indian Affairs, Bill McKnight, says this was clearly a mistake and his Ministry is correcting it with the amendment to the Act. McKnight says that Bill C-31 was enacted to bring the provisions of the Indian Act into line with the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, by eliminating discriminatory provisions, restoring Indian status and Band membership to those who were denied Indian status as a result of a discriminatory provision of the Act. Speaking to the amendment to the Bill, Bernard Valcourt, Minister of State for Indian Aft airs and Northern Development stated, "As a result of this Act, we have ensured that men and women receive equal treatment, that children are treated fairly, whether or not they were born out of wedlock. And that people who lost their Indian status as a result of discriminatory measures or enfranchisement could recover their status, and fin ally, that the direct descendants of such persons would also have registration entitlement." Since the passing of Bill C-31, more than 45,000 Indians have been registered under the new provisions, and Indian Affairs is still receiving applications at a rate of some thirty-five per day. The number of applications led to a large back log in the beginning, but the Department of Indian Affairs says that this backlog is being eliminated and more people are gaining their status quicker. In making changes, the Minister contacted representatives from the Assembly of First Nations, the Native Council of Canada, and the Native Women's Association of Canada. All gave their support to the amendment. As well, the members of the Standing Committee on Indian Affairs, on both sides of the House, agreed that the amendments should be made as soon as possible. The amendments have been made retroactive to April 17, 1985, to ensure justice and fairness not only to "Bill C-31 was enacted to bring provisions of the Indian Act into line with the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, by eliminating discriminatory provisions, restoring Indian status and Band membership to those who were denied Indian status ... " future applicants, but also to those whose applications are now in from the Department of Indian Affairs. The Department says that the number of persons affected by the change is relatively small, but it says that this is not the point. It says that Bill C-31 was passed to eliminate discrimination and the amendments will ensure this.O Saskatchewan Indian �I SIAST- the Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Science and Technology offers Saskatchewan's adults new opportunities to learn. SIAST combines the former technical institutes and training centres in Regina, Moose Jaw, Prince Albert and Saskatoon with their four neighbouring urban community colleges. SIAST combines the high-calibre, accredited training of technical institutes with the innovative, responsive approach of community college programming. What you previously knew as ... Kelsey Institute of Applled Arts & Sciences and SHkatoon Region Community College and Advanced Technology Training Centre SHkatchewan Technlcal Institute and Coteau Range Community College are now Kelsey Campus SIAST Saskatoon 933-6350 are now Palllser Campus SIAST Moose Jaw 694-3200 WHcana Institute of Applled Arts & Sciences and Regina Plalns Community College are now Wascana Campus SIAST Regina 787-4356 Northern Institute of Technology and Prince Albert Region Community College and Meadow Lake Vocatlonal Training Centre are now Specializing in high technology training, mechanical trades/ technology, advanced electronics, health sciences, community services Specializing in co-operative education, advanced manufacturing technologies , construction trades and technologies , industrial trade programs, university credit programs, business diploma programs Specializing in competency-based education, agriculture, health sciences, general industry, clerical support, international studies Woodland Campus Specializing in natural resource SIAST management and technologies, Prince Albert competency-based education, transportation, hospitality, cosmetology, 953-2494 general business, university credit programs More than ever before, you can obtain training here in Saskatchewan that will prepare you for a successful career. SIAST offers: Adult basic education Apprenticeship training Career/employment counselling Certificate and non-certificate programs Competency-based education Community education Co-operative education Distance education Education counselling Employer training programs English as a second language (ESL) Financial assistance information Health programming High School completion "GED" Native services On-the-job training Pre-trades training Rural extension programming in co-operation with Regional Colleges Skill development Special needs assistance Technical/vocational training University credit programs For information contact your nearest SIAST campus or Regional College office. ' IJ!ppllcatlons still being accepted for some programs - Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Science and Technology call today! SIAST �Keeseekoose Health Centre Opens By Danny Musqua At the dedication of the Keeseekoose Health Centre Elder Thomas Strongquill officially opened the centre for service by cutting the ribbon. The speakers for the day's events were: Chief Albert Musqua, who thanked everybody for their participation and interest. CHR Mavis Kakakaway spoke on the advantages Elder Thomas Strongqulll (Left) officially opens the Health centre. (L-R): Elder Robert Quewezance, Elder Thomas Strongquill, WIiiiam Stralghtnose, Ron Watkins, Chief Albert Musqua and Carl Service. of services the centre would bring into the community. Public Health Nurse, Charlotte Swedburg also spoke on how much more will be done through the centre. Carl Service, architect for the building also spoke to group who were present. Many thanks to William Straightnose for the wonderful job he Page 24 did as M.C. Environmental officer, Ron Watkins from Health and Welfare Canada, praised the communities efforts in acquiring the centre for services urgently needed. He presented a plaque for the community to the Chief on behalf of Health and Welfare Canada. A dinner, delicious and well prepared, was served by the Keeseekoose Women's Club. We, the people of Keeseekoose, would like to extend a special thanks to these women for their fine work in our community. We will refrain from using your names because there are so many of you to thank. A guided tour of the premises was made and this concluded the day's events.a Saskatchewan Indian �~[N][Q)~~[N] ~ □ [HJ [p~(Q)@~~~ Summer'88 Agrlcultural Projects •· Three cheers! Hip hip hooray! Right Onl To all 4-H members who are taking part in this summers garden, poultry and swine projects: Keep up the good work! Youth are 4-H learning in the Shellbrook District, Muskoday, Pelican Narrows, many North Battleford reserves, and Ministikwan. And of course there are the 75 gardeners and 40 chicken ranches in the Yorkton District. Good job! ganize a 4-H Club. People enjoy new learning after a fun-filled or quiet summer. Current and former 4-H leaders - as well as brand new ones - are asked to complete 4-H registration by November 30 or earlier. Elsewhere on this page describe 4-H leaders learning events in Montana and Manitoba. Apply today. Call the Indian 4-H Office for 4H Club planning help.□ SIAP 4-H Program Coordinator Les Ferguson (Right) with totem display at the University of British Columbia. 4-H Exchange•· It is possible to organize inexpensive youth exchanges to many countries. Several groups have gone to European locations, the United States and Japan. For further information and assistance in planning your "trip of a lifetlme", contact the Indian 4-H Program. 4-H Stamp -- A new kind of dance? No ... the post office has issued a commemorative 75th Anniversary 4-H stamp. Look for it! Indian 4-H Camp -- As this article is being printed, the Indian 4-H Camp is underway for the 15th year. The 1,000th camper will be announced in the next issue. Seventy campers are registered from 25 reserves. , An activity sure to please will be the horse and mule team trail ride. Likely to be as popular will be firearm safety instructed by two female RCMP officers. Mrs. Philamine Gamble, Elder, will grace the camp with her presence, humor and yarns. A wilderness survival program is planned. Outdoor cooking will be enjoyed. Crafts. Theatre. All kinds of learning and fun! Shellbrook District 4-H young people In action with their projects. LR: Louis James (Ag Rep), Daphne Thomas, Bertha Thomas, Diane Thomas, and Loretta Thomas. Doreen Rabbitskin (Left) 4-H Poultry-1988, Pelican Lake d I~ ! M§~ii ~!fijt§fffl~il§1 H~AQJtgi; ; ! :!1::!i ~~~ :.1a~:::1:::!! 1 :]: ~?.? t?ij§g jj :>= 2S.$ fS24t3: ?< Fall '88 Opportunities-- September and October are good times to or- Saskatchewan Indian Page 25 �Arthur James Obey passed away June 13, 1988 at St. Paul's Hospital in Saskatoon. Mr. Obey leaves to mourn, his wife Yvonne, four daughters and five sons. The SaskatchewanIndian CulturalCentreis pleased to present a new release from the renownedRed Bull Singers.Red Bull is a dynamicgroup from the Little Pine Band, Saskatchewan.The group features Edmund Bull in lead drum and Ervin Waskewitch on lead vocals. If you've been lucky enough to hear them singingat pow-wowsacross Canada and the U.S.A., you know that Red Bull has a unique energetic sound. Now the Cultural Centre has captured this sound on tape. The cassette feames eleven pow-wow songs, including inter-tribals, grass dances, grand entry songs, crow hops and more. The cassette is on sale for $12 at the Cultural Centre. Write to: SaskatchewanIndian Cultural Centre P.O. Box 3085 Saskatoon,SaskatchewanS7K 3S9 or phone: (306) 244-1146 Page 26 Art was born November 25, 1931. He attended Lebret Indian Residential School and later was employed there for a number of years. He made a career for himself in sports and recreation and was employed by the Meadow Lake District Tribal Council. He was a recipient of the Tom Longboat Medal in 1951, won the Tom Longboat trophy in 1960, was the Top Athlete of the year and achieved numerous other awards and trophies. He was involved in community activities, coached the FSIN Indian Bantam Hockey team which went to Finland in 1974, helped organize the Saskatchewan Indian Summer and Winter Games, hockey schools, and coached the first Canadian Women's Softball team. Art helped organize the 1988 Saskatchewan Indian Summer Games just prior to his passing. □ Saskatchewan Indian �skatoon District Dominates 1988 Saskatchewan Indian Summer Games By Gloria Ledoux For the tenth consecutive year, Saskatoon District dominated the 1988 Saskatchewan Indian Summer Games. The games were held at the Waterhen Lake reserve northwest of Meadow Lake. More than 550 athletes and their coaches from across the province participated in the five day event which was co-hosted by the Waterhen Lake Band and the Meadow Lake Tribal Council. The '88 Saskatchewan Indian Summer Games Track and Field events were led by the Saskatoon district with 752.5 points and Meadow Lake District who had 718 points. Prince Albert District had 500 points followed by Touchwood File Hills with 453 points. Yorkton trailed with 272.5 points followed by Shellbrook with 228 points. North Battleford district had 26 points. The point system used by the Summer Games committee was awarded as follows: ten points for a gold, eight points for silver, five points for a bronze and 1 merit point for participation. Team sports included softball, volleyball, and soccer. Again, Saskatoon district led with 119 points. Trailing were Touchwood File Hills with 116 points and Prince Albert with 114. Yorkton came in with 73 points followed by Meadow Lake Tribal Council with 58 points. Shellbrook and North Battleford did not compete in team sports. Individual trophies were awarded to the athlete winning with the most points in each division. Denise Pechawis from Mistawasis Band competing in the girls pee wee division won five gold medals. She placed first in the 60, 100, 200 and 400 meter races and the long jump. Denise is also the recipient of the Art Obey Memorial Trophy presented to the best Saskatchewan Indian all around athlete of the 1988 Saskatchewan Indian Summer Games. Mrs. Obey, wife of the late Art Obey was on hand to present the trophy. Lester Williams from Sandy Lake Band was the top male athlete for the Pee wee boys. Lester won the gold in bith high jump and 60 meter silver in the in the 100 meter and bronze in the 400 meter race and 1 merit point for a total score of 34 points. In the bantam boys division, Shawn Sasakamoose from Sandy lake acquired 39 points. Shawn won a gold in high jump, silver in the 200, 400 and 800 meter races and 1 merit point. Mona Daniels from Mistawasis in the Midget girls division with a total of 41 points. She won the gold in the 100 and 200 meter, silver in the 60 meter and high jump and bronze in the 400 meter. Alex Cook from the Peter Ballantyne Band was the top male athlete in the Juvenile boys division 41 points. Alex won gold in the 400, 800, 1500 and 3000 meter races plus one merit points in the 200 meter. Bridgette Fiddler from Waterhen Lake Band was the top female athlete in the juvenile girls division. She had 46 points winning a gold in the 800, 1500, 3000 meter races. A silver in the 400 meter and javelin. Saskatoon District coaches celebrate win. Band in the Bantam girls division had 48 points. Mona won the gold in long jump, triple jump, shot put, and discus and a silver in high jump . Steven Johnston from Mistawasis received the top male athlete award in the midget boys division by winning the gold medal in the 60 meter race, three silver medals for the 100 meter, triple jump and the long jump and a merit point in high jump. Norma Black from Patuanak band won the top female athlete award The Art Obey Memorial Award for the district which best exemplified overall organization, leade_rship and sportsmanship was won by Meadow Lake Tribal Council. This award is voted on by the district representatives. Conrad Docken, the official timekeeper for the games presented the award. He said "It is most appropriate for Meadow Lake to receive this award, since the late Mr. Obey organized and trained their district and staff for the summer games. "O Page27 �INDIAN SUMMER Ball Throw Jump ise Pechawis ~oberta McKay Colleen Mccallum S'toon (G) Yktn (S) Mite (B) Broad Jump Natalie Bear Vanessa Cappo Colleen McCallum Mite Tfhq Mite (G) (S) (B) Ball Throw Colleen McCallum Tara Saskamoose Pamela Wolfe Mite (G) Shell (S) S'toon (B) High Jump Colleen Mccallum Vanessa Cappo Crystal Okanee Mite Tfhq NB (G) (S) (B) Tfhq Tfhq PA (G) (S) (B) High Jump Lester Williams Burkey McLean ONen Kay MIDGET GIRLS (G) (S) (B) High Jump S'ton (G) S'toon (S) Tfhq (B) Long Jump Tfhq Tfhq Mite Broad Jump Ronald Johnston Shawn Pechawis Steven Poitras BANTAM GIRLS Javeline Vida Bobb Twyla Martin Marlene Iron Yktn Shell Mite (G) (S) (B) High Jump Heather Martin Mona Daniels Irene LaPratt Shell PA PA (G) (S) (B) Mona Daniels Twylla Martin Marlene Iron Shell (G) S'toon (S) Mite (B) S'toon (G) Shell (S) Mite (B) Long Jump Mona Daniels Shelley Bob Tammy Lariviere S'toon (G) Yktn (S) Mite (B) Triple Jump Mona Daniels Irene LaPratt Cicily Stevenson S'toon (G) Mite (S) Tfhq (B) Discus Mona Daniels Twyla Martin Vida Bob S'toon (G) Shell (S) Yktn (B) BANTAM BOYS S'toon (G) Yktn (S) Yktn (B) Long Jump FIRSTNATIONS INSURANCE SERVICES LTD. - La Ronge Indian Band 1100 ~ FIRST AVENUE EAST Prince Albert, Sask. S6V 2A 7 (306) 763-4712 "First Nations First" "Salute to the Veterans" Bruce J. Falstead, General Manager Sam Dan Hardlotte, Marketing Director Sherry L. Andrews, Office Manager Page 28 Albert Wolfe William Felix Aaron Stonestand S'toon (G) PA (S) PA (B) Trlple Jump Bert Elliot Kevin Bird Albert Wolfe Tfhq (G) S'toon (S) S'toon (B) High Jump Kevin Bird Albert Wolfe Bert Elliot S'toon (G) S'toon (S) Tfhq (B) Shot Put Dennis James Jim Bear Clayton Paul S'toon (G) Yktn (S) Mite (B) Discus Kevin Bird Quinn Peekeekoot Jason Taypotat Dawn Bear Audrey Starblanket Loretta Dreaver S'toon (G) Mite (S) PA (B) Yktn (G) Shell (S) S'toon (B) Jennifer Sanderson Dianne McDonald Tara Martel PA PA Mite (G) (S) (B) Shot Put Dianne McDonald Angie Poitras Jaylene ~llegarde PA Tfhq Tfhq (G) (S) (B) Triple Jump Loretta Dreaver Dawn Bear Audrey Starblanket S'toon (G) Yktn (S) Shell (B) Discus LeeAnne Fiddler Loretta Dreaver Jenni Sanderson Mldc (G) S'toon (S) PA (B) MIDGET BOYS High Jump Cory Rosebluff Richard Opekokew Shawn Alexson Tfhq Mite Yktn (G) (S) (B) Javelin Delvern Poorman Mike Matchee Conrad Sand Tfhq (G) Mite (S) S'toon (B) Shot Put Javelin Dennis James Jim Bear Allan T aypotat Loretta Dreaver Norma Black Rhonda Longjohn Javelin Shot Put PEEWEE BOYS Long Jump Sam Toto Steven Sanderson Joshua Sanderson Lloyd Desjarlais Elliott Cyr Ryan Durocher S'toon (G) Shell (S) Yktn (B) Core Rose Bluff Spencer Constant Lance Billette Tfhq PA Mite (G) (S) (B) Long Jump Jack McLean Steven Johnston Richard Opekokew PA (G) S'toon (S) Mite (B) Triple Jump Jack McLean Steven Johnston Leroy Iron PA (G) S'toon (S) Mite (8) Discus Conrad Sand Jason Alexson Delvern Poorman S'toon (G) Yktn (S) Tfhq (B) JUVENILE GIRLS Javelin Barbara Tawpisim Bridgette Fiddler Connie Derochur S'toon (G) Mite (S) Mite (B) Long Jump Connie Derochur Julia Whitehead Lee Anne Kehler Mite PA Tfhq (G) (S) (B) Saskatchewan Indian �ES MEDALISTS Triple Jump Lee Anne Kehler Julia Whitehead Marla Anaskan Tfhq PA Tfhq (G) (S) (8) S'toon (G) Mite (S) S'toon (8) Shantelle Watson Patricia Gervais Connie Derochur S'toon (G) Mite (S) Mite (8) High Jump Lee Anne Kehler Georgina Bird Shannon Dreaver Tfhq (G) PA (S) S'toon (B) JUVENILE BOYS Javelin Archie Halkett Derrick Cantre Duncan Smokeyday PA (G) Mite (S) S'toon (8) Yktn (G) Tfhq (S) S'toon (8) Triple Jump Mark Arcand Gary Lariviere Wendell Delorme Derrick Cantre Duncan Smokeyday Mark Wolverine (G) (S) (8) Pee Wee Boys PA Tfhq PA Yktn S'toon Tfhq (G) (S) (B) Midget Girls Yktn Tfhq S'toon Tfhq Mite S'toon S'toon Tfhq Mite (G) (S) (8) PA (G) (S) (B) S'toon Tfhq (G) (S) (B) Midget Boys (G) (S) (B) Juvenile Girls (G) (S) (B) Juvenile Boys PA (G) (S) (8) Yktn S'toon PA S'toon Tfhq Bantam Girls Tfhq PA S'toon (G) (S) (B) Yktn S'toon Tfhq Pee Wee Boys (G) (S) (8) Tfhq PA Yktn (G) (S) (B) (G) (S) (B) Put Your Band Or Yourself On The Leading Edge Of Economic Development (G) (S) (B) (G) (S) (8) Juvenile Girls S'toon Tfhq PA Yktn Tfhq Mite (G) (S) (B) (G) (S) (B) S'toon PA Bantam Boys (G) (S) (B) Midget Boys (G) Juvenile Boys PA Mite S'toon PA Mite S'toon I I We offer the following: • Market research • Fe~ibillty studies • Business plans • Government grant applications Pee Wee (Mixed) (G) (S) (B) Midget Girls Mite PA Tfhq Bantam Boys S'toon Tfhq Shell Bantam Boys SOCCER (G) (S) (8) Bantam Girls Mldc S'toon (G) (S) (B) Juvenile Boys (G) (S) (B) PA Tfhq S'toon Pee Wee Girls Midget Boys Mite PA Tfhq Bantam Girls SOFTBALL (G) Yktn S'toon (S) Tfhq (B) Pee Wee Glrls S'toon Tfhq S'toon Mite (G) (S) (8) VOLLEYBALL (G) (S) (8) Juvenile Boys Midget Girls RELAYS S'toon Mldc Pt Mite Mite (G) S'toon (S) Mite (B) Shot Put Mark Wolverine Oscar Cook Desmond Desnomie Tfhq Bantam Boys High Jump Fabian Alexson Chanze Gamble Elvis Favel Tfhq S'toon (G) Mite (S) Yktn (B) Discus S'toon PA Tfhq Juvenile Girls Tfhq S'toon Long Jump Wendell Delorme Desmond Desnomie Chanze Gamble S'toon PA Discus (S) (8) Midget Boys PA Shot Put Shantelle Watson Patricia Gervais Barbara Tawpisim PA S'toon (G) (S) (B) (G) (S) (B) (G) (S) (8) • Economic development corporation formation • Proven track record If Isbister Ralkwi11 &Associares Economic Develo ment Consutnb, 222 Cardinal Crescent Saskatoon, Saskatchewan • S7L 6H8 (306) 664-2727 Saskatchewan Indian Page29 �;1■1111 ·:: : -: lli lli i ::::::: Sex Discrimination Not Allowed <~tSSlC>NJ > ::::::::;::::::::::::::::::::::•:• ··········· This is one article in a series on human rights issues and provisions of the Saskatchewan Human Rights Code. Written by Human Rights Commission staff, this article concentrates on discrimination on the basis of sex. Employers do not have the right to fire an employee just because she is pregnant. That i.s discrimination and it is forbidden by the Saskatchewan Human Rights Code. The Code says discrimination on the basis of sex is not allowed, and that includes discrimination because of pregnancy or pregnancy-related illness. In a recent case, a woman who was fired from her job after she became pregnant was awarded $1,722 by an independent board of inquiry appointed by the justice minister. WHA The board found that Lorraine Magnusson was fired two weeks after she told her employer she was pregnant, even though she was still capable of performing the duties required by her job and would have been capable of continuing those duties in the future . The employer was not able to refute the allegation of discrimination and was ordered to pay Magnusson $872 for lost wages and $750 in compensation for loss of self-respect she suffered because of the incident. The purpose of this provision of the Code is to prevent employers from denying women jobs or promotions and denying them equal employment benefits because they are pregnant. In addition to complaints received from women who have been rs HAPPENING IN YOUR DISTRICT, COMMUNITY, RESERVE??? FIND OUT REACH FOR THE SASKATCHEWAN SUBSCRIBE NOW!! i-li!I Wrlte:THE EDITOR "SASKATCHEWAN IND/AN" c/o: Saskatchewan lndla_n Media Corporation #201A-2121 Airport Drive , Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7L 6W5 Name:__________________________ _ Address:________________________ City: ___________ Prov: ________ denied jobs or promotions, complaints have also been received from women whose sickness and disability benefits plans deny them sick leave benefits when disability occurs during pregnancy. This practice is discriminatory and is not allowed. The Saskatchewan Human Rights Code recognizes the importance of protecting the rights of pregnant women in the workplace. If pregancy is made a burden - and it is a burden if women are penalized because of their biological capability to produce children - they can never participate on an equal basis in the workplace. Under the Code an employer is also required to "accommodate" a woman whose pregnancy does interfere with her ability to do the job. In this situation, accommodation might mean adapting the job in a way that would allow the pregnant woman to continue working. For example, there might be an exchange of job duties among employees, so that the tasks a pregnant woman could no longer perform would be done by others. An employer is required to make such an accommodation only if it is reasonable to do so. Examples of accommodation that would not be considered reasonable are changes that would be unduly disruptive, or that would impose financial hardship. For additional information on sex discrimination and how it might affect you, contact the Saskatchewan Human Rights Commission at either of the addresses listed below. _ Code: __ 802, 224-4th Avenue South Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K 2H6 _ or, Only $15.00 for One Year's Worth of Information!! Page 30 1819 Cornwall Street Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 3V70 Saskatchewan Indian �Sturgeon Lake Hosts -Pow-wow By Gloria Ledoux The Sturgeon Lake Annual Pow-Wow attracted over 350 registered dancers and over fifteen drum groups from across Saskatchewan and the United States. During daily competitions, contestants were judged on their styel, dress, footwork and on keeping time with the drums. A groUJ>of Mexican Indians on tour across Canada took part in the three day celebration held on the Sturgeon Lake Reserve on July 15-16. Due to the large number of competitors in each category, the judges opted for an elimination process. Each judge would pick two dancers after each set to compete in the final. On July 20, the elimination finals ran until 3:30 a.m. The pow-wow committee hosted a feast on Saturday and on Saskatchewan Indian Sunday Vice-Chief Henry Daniels and his family hosted a special memorial ceremony and feast for the late Senator Joe Duquette. Vice-Chief Daniels also sponsored a Buckskin contest for best dressed. Trophy, cash and prizes were awarded to Henry Bear, Max Bear, Edward Okanee and Chief Barry Ahenakew. 1987 Pow-WowPrincess, Juanita Bird, passed on her crown to Candace Daniels. Candace, daugher of Richard and Lucille Daniels of Sturgeon Lake, sold the most tickets in a fund raising raffle. She was also presented with gifts and flowers. An honor song and round dance concluded the crowning ceremonies. □ Page 31 �OUR NATIVE LAND Skanangohwe! For the past couple of weeks all kinds of people have been coming up to me saying, "Have you heard the news? Our Native Land is coming back!" What they were talking about is the recent decision by the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). When it renewed CBC Radio's network license, the CRTC also made a number of recommendations. One of them says, basically, that Our Native Land should be brought back from that Big Radio Station in the Sky. Let me add, by the way, that Our Native Land first went on the air in 1964 as Indian Magazine. In 1968 or so it began broadcasting from coast-tocoast as Our Native Land. Once a week, for almost 20 years, the program covered just about anything and everything to do with native affairs. The program talked to Indian grandmothers abou the old days and it also provided on-the-scene coverage of the Battle of Wounded Knee. Our Native Land had people like Johnny Yesno and Bernelda Wheeler as hosts. I was also one of the hosts-the last one, in fact. I was the host three years ago when the CBC decided to cancel the program. When the news about the cancellation got out, the meadow muffins hit the fan. And the news got out because I made sure it did. When the CBC brass first told me the show was being cancelled, they told me, and the two producers, to keep it quiet. They wanted to keep the complaints to a minimum. So, naturally, I blabbed all the details to anyone who would listen. And,the next thing you know, it was all over the newspapers, television, radio and the House of Commons. People howled "It's a travesty," they said. "You can't cancel the only network program about native affairs," they said. The protests continued for months. People phoned in. They wrote letters. They showed up at meetings and complained. They circulated petitions to keep the show on the air. The protests kept the CBC Page 32 pretty busy trying to explain the cancellation. One of the things the CBC said was that the program had low ratings. That's true. But then so did some other network programs - and they didn't get cancelled. The CBC justified its decision by saying that it was going to "integrate native stories into mainstream programming" . (Isn't that an ugly way of putting it?) So the network hired one reporter to cover those stories and send them to local stations across the country. The stations don't have to broadcast them, though. The way things have worked out, those stories are being broadcast - in places like lnuvik and Thunder Bay. But they're not being aired in places like Montreal, Vancouver, Toronto or Ottawa. So when you stand back and look at the situation, this is what you see: The CBC has reduced the number of people covering native affairs on a full time basis. The CBC has reduced the number of native stories produced each week. The CBC has reduced the amount of native affairs coverage in major cities. The CBC has reduced its spending on native affairs coverage. The CBC has done all this and yet it says it amounts to better coverage of native affairs. (If you believe that, you probably still believe Brian Mulroney's promise a few years ago that he's not going to cut government services to Indian people. In any event, the show went off the air, the protests fizzled out and I went on to other things. So there I was a few weks ago, reading the CRTC decision, when I came to page 77. The CRTC said, "Our Native Land provided a focal point for discussion among native Canadians, particularly those residing in southern Canada, and that there is a need for a program dedicated exclusively to native concerns. The Commission therefore, expects the CBC to supplement its current efforts with a program focused on native is- sues and designed specifically to serve the needs of native Canadians." I hollered out loud when I read that part. "Finally", I thought, "somebody up there is listening." I haven't heard what the CBC has to say about the decision. But I'll bet a CBC toque that it'll find some excuse not to put a native affairs program back on the network schedule. I'll also bet that it'll try even harder to "integrate" native stories into mainstream programming. I'm also sure the CBC will step up its campaign to fool people into thinking that native affairs coverage means one of two things: (1) a single program dedicated to native affairs or (2) native stories are sprinkled throughout the entire broadcast schedule. The CBC wants people to think that it's either-or, that they can't have it both ways. The fact is they can. When it comes to network programming in the English language, the CBC spends $50 million a year. The CBC could bring back Our Native Land at a cost less than one-half of one percent of that amount. The problem.though, is not money. The real problem is that the people at the top levels of the CBC don't care about native people. Thank goodness that the CRTC and thank goodness that a lot of ordinary nonnative Candians do. I should add here that if Our Native Land is ever reborn, I don't intend to be the host. For one thing, I don't think that the CBC would ask me, and for another, I've got a lot of other things to do. The fight over a national radio program dedicated to native affairs is far from over. No d9ubt the CBC will continue to resist demands for a new Our Native Land. The CRTC decision, though could be the turning point. At the very least, it's a reminder to keep up the pressure on the CBC at every opportunity. So pass the word - "Our Native Land is coming back!" Not real soon, that's for sure. But it will be back. Onengiwahe.O Saskatchewan Indian �Be A Big Winner COME ANDPLAY The Touchwood-File Hills Qu'Appelle District Recreation Board 1st ANNUAL DABBER ..,tir $✓:: Door Prizes..- -111NGO__ _ OFFERS GIGANTIC PRIZES i Ucenc:eNo~_1~?.J s100,000 in Cash & Prizes MUST BE WON ON Sunday, September 4, 1988 at 2 p.m. EXTRA CARDS BINGO CARDS Bonanza 3-Up ss.oo * * * s2s,000°0 Jackpot 3-Up s3_00 * * * l sso,000° 0 Jackpot 3-Up ss.oo Sponsored by the: Touchwood-File Hills Qu'Appelle District Recreation Board ~ ( in the Fort Qu'Appelle Rexentre sso,ooo Jackpot s2s,ooo Jackpot $20 $25 $30 MusT BE woN MusT BE woN 20 Games at s1,000 each 2 Giant Bonanza Games EARLY BIRD GAME BEGINNING AT 12:00 ADMISSION - Advance Tickets $80.00 $100 per Person after August 23 ADVANCE TICKETS SOLD UNTIL AUGUST 22,1988 $ Make cheques payable to: TFHQ Recreation Mail to: P.O. Box 1549 Fort Qu'Appelle, Sask., S0G 1S0 Doors Open 11:00 a.m. - No One Under 14 Admitted Tickets at Door CASH Only - Various Other Prizes For further information phone"Salute to the Veterans" llili,ii,......, 6-up 9-up 12-up 332-5664 Supervised by the Accounting firm of Thorne, Ernst & Whinney, Regina �.. SIAP· fi1) ~ SASKATCHEWANINDIAN AGRICULTUREPROGRAMINC. 1410 Chateau Tower, 1920 Broad Street, Regina, Sask. S4P 3V2 DIVERSIFICATION IN 'AGRICULTUJIE SIAP has diversified through the creation of two new business ventures t SlfieO to provide loan financing and SIAP Marketing to market Norther-r.1products. / /~,,,~~/ Other Areas of Diversification: 52 Treaty growers harvested over 350,000 lbs. of Wild Rice. 400 pickers harvested 27,000 lbs. of blueberries and 3,600 lbs. cranberries. 8 Indian fish farmers reared 46,000 trout. · (IJ SILCO (Divisionof SIAP Inc.) SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN LOANCOMPANYLtd. 1410 Chateau Tower, 1920 Broad St., i':legina, Sask. S4P 3V2 ~ \; SIAP (Division of SIAP Inc.) MARKETING CO. INC. 1410 Chateau Tower, 1920 Broad St., Regina, Sask. S4P 3V2 CORPORATE MANDATE: The toan company is to enable Indian farmers to access financing for their operating requirements and their capital items such as -equipment, livestock, etc. Funding may be made direct from SILCO or under a guarantee arrangement with designated lending institutions. CORPORATE MANDATE: An objective to market Northern Agricultural products on the world market place. CORPORATE STRUCTURE: The Saskatchewan Indian Loan Company Ltd., (SILCO) was incorporated on February 7, 1984 (Class 8) and is administered by a Board of Directors who· are appointed by the parent company SIAP. ACCOMPLISHMENTS TO DATE: Presently Marketing Wild Rice to the U.K., Switzerland, Germany, Belguim, Holland, Finland, Luxemburg, France and Canada. Further negotiations with the Pacific Rim countries are underway. SIAP Marketing Company is involved in marketing other Northern products such as Native berries and rainbow trout and is exploring opportunities in wild mushrooms and medicinal plants. ACCOMPLISHMENTS TO DATE: SILCO has approved 150 lo'ans totalling $3,000,000 to date with a 2% loan loss and 50 outstanding loan guarantees with Banks and Credit Unions totalling approximately $1,000,000 . CORPORATE STRUCTURE: A profit motivated Corporation administered by a Board of Directors who are appointed by the parent company SIAP. "Salute to the Veterans" ;,. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian Magazine Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970/2011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1970/2011 Description An account of the resource The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian, Special Art Supplement (July/August 1988) Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Description An account of the resource Contents: Saskatchewan Metis Non-Status Split Affirmed In Vote After six years of internal debate and a six month campaign, the Metis and Non-Status Indians of Saskatchewan have voted to split. In a province-wide referendum held on August 20, fifty three percent of those who cast ballots voted to split the former Association of Metis and Non-Status Indians of Saskatchewan (AMNSIS) into two separate groups, one representing the Metis and another for the Non-Status Indians. By: Ivan Morin July/August 1988 Battleford Indian Health Centre Opens Expansion By: Owen Einsiedler July/August 1988 Last Month's Cover: Alexander Brass And Moostatik By: Saskatchewan Indian July/August 1988 The Historical And Legal Perspective Of Indian Government By: Bill Pillipow July/August 1988 Elders's Perpective: An Interview With Thomas Strongquill By: Danny Musqua July/August 1988 Tipi Painting Tipi painting was highly regarded as its symbolism came from a dream or a vision experienced by the owner. It also brought protection to those who lived in it. By: Stan Cuthand July/August 1988 Bill C-31 Death Rule Amended By:Ivan Morin July/August 1988 Keeseekoose Health Centre Opens By: Danny Musqua July/August 1988 Art Returns To Indian Society Art has been one of the marks of a true civilization. Art activity can be found in Saskatchewan dating back to mid 18th century. Early forms of painting can be found along the Churchill River Basin in northern Saskatchewan. Throughout the history of Indians in Saskatchewan there has been a rich artistic expression. Today artists of the Plains are known for their individuality. By: Ruth Cuthand July/August 1988 Bob Boyer By: Saskatchewan Indian July/August 1988 S. Ruth Cuthand By: Saskatchewan Indian July/August 1988 Ray Keighley By: Saskatchewan Indian July/August 1988 Gerald R. McMaster By: Saskatchewan Indian July/August 1988 Lloyd Pinay By: Saskatchewan Indian July/August 1988 Allen Sapp By: Saskatchewan Indian July/August 1988 Jerry Whitehead By: Saskatchewan Indian July/August 1988 Saskatchewan Indian Art: More Than Beads And Feathers By: Gerald McMaster July/August 1988 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988-07/1988-08 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Morin, Ivan Einsiedler, Owen Pillipow, Bill Musqua, Danny Cuthand, Stan Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1988-07/1988-08 Art Bob Boyer First Nations Artists Gerald McMaster Jerry Whitehead Lloyd Pinay Ray Keighley https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25945/archive/files/302b7744674331a0e9fb4fc4427f92fc.pdf?Expires=1779926400&Signature=gfWCb2qyseMiyl0g1MPMYlyiRbsMfRu6oGqaf61VnGUyJeY0OGEJSL3Sr3vfL%7ESpgKIRWFEIGnh6eM3unBSgpLiHUTvjzRl71s7IjAEsKUYA20Iy%7EBCPVKsJBDsnOxRPDtOMxiPs3iemX5VgTtijyMHnNuj1TiQMiZDrnTwnC-r60Rj7TlYBHBMMf4G3wHI4nCTqUVimOT323TxLc3F3aovPEvABfAHK3%7ESikM62%7E-%7E2ilg-lkQ4EldARfTgWyrvwYBhr8j%7EB9KVa%7EW8ms3zxmj-OLGPwWykKyn1W-eiqkcrZqv2QHM3mDd8M1V6HKoTNYcQLipiuogx924EG9Abyg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 80ccbca1942ae4f14367f218add2ad2d PDF Text Text �BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM Helping new and existing Indian business persons Providing a source of loan capital - Capital purchases Working capital Bridge Financing Equity loans to lever private lender financing - Advice and assistance in developing business plans SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN EQUITY FOUNDATION INC. 2500 • 13thAvenue Regina, Saskatchewan S4P OW2 (306) 352-0996 �SASKATCHEWAN Editor Doug Cuthand Editorial Assistant Betty Ann Adam Reporter Gloria Ledoux Freelancer Ivan Morin - Bruce Spence THIS MONTH'S COVER Johnny Marceland is a relative newcomer to the Saskatchewan Indian arts scene, but his paintings are rapidly gaining acceptance . John is from Tumor Lake, but now he lives in Saskatoon. Through the use of different medium such as acrylics, water colors and pen and ink, he has developed a series of Indian images reflecting traditional Indian symbolism and spirituality. Johnny Marceland's work can be seen at the Prairie Light Gallery in the Grosvenor Park Mall in Saskatoon. -11 -All TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Land Entitlement 4 Mah-Min and the Missionary 9 Communications Conference 10 U N Human Rights 14 P.A. Youth Conference 19 Indian 4-H Report 22 Gordons Judo Club 29 Owendaka 31 "The Saskatchewan Indian" is an independent magazine published by the Saskatchewan Indian Medica Corporation. The temporary office of the Saskatchewan Indian Media Corporation is #201A-2121 Airport Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7L 6W5. The magazine is distributed under second class mail, registration number 2795. KEEP IN TOUCH WITH SASKATCHEWAN IND/ANS SUBSCRIBE TO THE SASKATCHEWAN IND/AN Write: THE EDITOR "SASKATCHEWAN IND/AN" c/o: Saskatchewan Indian Media Corporation #201A-2121 Airport Drive Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7L - 6W5 D D Enclosed is $15.00 for a year's subscription. Please bill me for a year's subscription. Name: ___________________________ _ Address: __________________________ _________________ _ Postal Code ______ _ ONLY $15 FOR ONE YEAR'S WORTH OF INFORMATION!!! Saskatchewan Indian Page 1 �EDITORIALS ENTITLEMENT REJECTION SERIOUS BLOW The rejection of the 1976 Treaty land entitlement agreement by the Federal and Provincial Governments is a major blow to the economic and political future of the Saskatchewan bands. The move from the 1976 agreement to the shortfall based on the date of first survey reduces the amount to be transferred from 1.4 million acres to 170,000 acres. A recent letter from the Department of Indian Affairs confirmed what the FSIN and the entitlement bands had suspected for some time. The federal government is adopting a policy of land entitlement based on the date of first survey. It doesn't seem to matter that the first survey, when a band did not receive its full entitlement may have been a century ago and band population have increased considerably over the intervening years. The bands in Saskatchewan have consistently maintained that a band's entitlement changes in line with the bands population until the full amount of land is realized. This position was the basis of the '76 formula and was recognized by both the federal and provincial governments . Now the Feds and the Province want to scrap the agreement . The federal department of Indian Affairs maintains they have a legal opinion from the Department of Justice that defines the shortfall at the date of first survey as the only amount required to satisfy the governments " lawful obligation". " Lawful obligation " is a cop-out to avoid a fair and just land settlement with Saskatchewan bands. Since the provincial government came to power six years ago , they have studied, ignored and rejected land entitlement. They have thrown up roadblocks and raised minor issues to block land selection and transfer . Issues such as water rights , third party interests , municipal taxes and mineral rights Saskatchewan Indian Page 2 have all become major issues even if the actual impact is negligable. The Province on the other hand, has a strong rural base and is very vulnerable to pressure from pasture patrons, rural municipalities, wildlife groups and racists. Rather than displaying moral courage, the province has caved in to pressure groups and broken an honorable agreement to the Indian population of the province. The Federal governments action have been to remain silent and allow the province to develop their position without pressure or interference. Now that the Federal government has changed the rules the province can quite easily agree and not take responsibility. Twelve years ago, when this agreement was negotiated, it was followed by a great deal of optimism with bands doing community planning and looking at land selection for agriculture, timber or tourist possibilities. It was felt that because of the abundance of Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Act (PFRA) land, Indians in the future would be major cattle producers. The future looked bright and opportunity was within our grasp. Now we're back to 1975 when the departmental officials were rejecting land entitlement based on current population and wanted settlements on the basis of the shortfall at the date of first survey. Twelve years of hard work and good will appear to be rapidly going down the drain. Action must be taken immediately to avoid disaster. Some bands are looking at legal options in the courts others are lobbying politically with the federal and provincial governments and the option of appealing directly to the public through the news media remains a possibility. Whatever options Saskatchewan Indians take, one thing is for certain, governments will realize they can't break their word. �TENTATIVE AGREEMENT IN LUBICON CLAIM The governments of Canada and Alberta have reached an interim agreement on the Lubicon Lake Band Land Claim. The agreement calls on Alberta to transfer to Canada a 25.4 square mile area of land, which is to be set aside for the Northern Alberta Band. The realease of the land will include all mine and mineral rights. "This transfer of land would be without prejudice to the parties involved, and would not affect the right of the Band to see additional reserve lands through negotiation or court action." Said Jim Horsman, Alberta Attorney General and Minister of Federal and Intergovernmental Affairs. Alberta has also agreed to adjust the location of the 25.4 square mile area, which the province offered in 1985, in order to accommodate the Band's desire to establish a new community. The Federal Government will confer with the Band on the actual boundries of the proposed interim reserve area. As soon as the transfer is completed Canada will set aside the land as a reserve for the Lubicon Lake Band. Canada has also taken on the added responsibility of satisfying reasonable third party surface and subsurface interests through various arrangements with those involved. Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, Bill McKnight said, "With this reserve, Band members will begin building a community and identifying economic development opportunities. We are prepared to start putting in roads, water and sewage systems; building reserve homes, a school, a health care station, and other facilities". Although both Governments are pleased and committed to the present negotiated process the Lubicon Band has not agreed to the Agreement reached by the Governments. Bernard Ominayak, Chief of the Lubicon Lake Band, says that the Band is not willing to consider any agreement which did not include the Lubicons in the negotiating process. Ominayak says, "The band will consider an offer which is reasonable if they are included in the negotiating process''. In the latest development Ominayak and a number of Native leaders across the country have called for the resignation of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Minister Bill McKnight. Ominayak says that McKnight is in a conflict of interest in his dealings with the 1987-88 CLUFF MINING SCHOLARSHIP SELECTIONS Amok Cluff Mining held its Annual Scholarship Selection Committee meeting on August 10, 1987 for the upcoming year and the following selections were made: 6 University Scholarships . . . . . . . . . . $3,500 each 3 Institute Scholarships . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,000 each 3 Stearns/Catalytic Scholarships . . . . . $4,000 (1 University - $2,000) (2 Institute - $1,000 each) UNIVERSITY: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. GUY DESAUTELS - Tumor Lake - 2nd Year Nor-Tep. ROSE ROBERTS - Stanley Mission - 3rd Year Bachelor of Education, University of Saskatchewan. ARLENE KIMBLEY - Beauval - 4th Year Nor-Tep. ELIZABETH HANSON - Buffalo Narrows - 3rd Year Bachelor of Education, University of Saskatchewan. JANET CAISSE - Ile a la Crosse - 3rd Year Bachelor of Social Work, Saskatchewan Indian Fed. College. CHRISTOPHER KYPLAIN - Ile a la Crosse - 1st Year Bachelor of Science, University of Saskatchewan. INSTITUTE: 1. ROSEMARIE LABELLE - Uranium City - 2nd Year Diploma Nursing, Wascana Institute. 2. WANDA PIETZ - La Ronge - 2nd Year Business Administration, Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technology. 3. CINDY KIMBLEY - Beauval - 1st Year Dental Assistant, Wascana Institute. UNIVERSITY: STEARNS CATALYTIC AWARDS 1. MICHAEL LAVALLEY - Creighton - 2nd Year Bachelor of Commerce, University of Saskatchewan. INSTITUTE: 1. MARIE MOBERLY - Dillon - 3rd Year Bachelor of Social Work, Saskatchewan Indian Federated College. 2. DEBRA MAURICE - Green Lake - 3rd Year Bachelor of Social Work, Saskatchewan Indian Federated College. Saskatchewan Indian Page 3 �I♦ Japanese pulp mill deal, where he gave a Japanese firm the right to harvest pulp trees on the Lubicon Lake Band traditional land. Alberta premier, Don Getty and Ominayak continue to negotiate. The Band is optimistic as Getty tries to come to an acceptable solution for the Band. Getty's latest suggestion has the parties setting up a three member mediation tribunal negotiating the Lubicon land claim. The Federal Government, Alberta and the Lubicons will each appoint someone to negotiate on their behalf on the proposed tribunal. The Lubicons have indicated that they will ask E. Davie Fulton, a former Justice Minister from British Columbia to be their representative. Fulton is also the author of a Federal Government commissioned report which favored the Lubicon stand on the land claim; a report which eventually led to his firing by the government. The Saskatchewan Indian will continue to keep you up to-date on the Lubicon issue as things develop. Secretary of State Secretariat d'Etat The Department of the Secretary of State addresses a wide range of concerns and activities of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. With the objective of improving the quality of life of Canada's native people, the Department offers various programs which support such activities as native communications, native social and cultural development, Aboriginal women's participation and Native Friendship Centres. Our support to the Saskatchewan Indian Media Corporation is a prime example of the commitment to the Aboriginal people of Saskatchewan. The Department is proud to encourage and assist Aboriginal people to participate full in all aspects of Canadian society. In this way, the Department extends sincere congratulations to the Saskatchewan Indian Media Corporation and offers its wishes for the best of every success in the future. Canada Missinipi Broadcasting Corporation Box 1529 La Ronge, Saskatchewan SOJ 1LO Serving all of Northern Saskatchewan in Cree and Dene. Native Language programming on Northern Native Issues. Program Schedule: Monday to Friday 1:00 - 2:00 P.M. - Achimowin 3:00 - 4:00 P.M. - Missinipi Honi Tune in to MBC - Saturday 1:00 - 3:00 P.M. - Missinipi Music The Best Native Radio in Saskatchewan Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian Media Corp. Saskatchewan Indian Page 4 �CHANGE IN LAND ENTITLEMENT POLICY SPELLS DISASTER FOR BANDS The decision by the Federal and Provincial Governments to determine Treaty Land Entitlement based on the short-fall as of the date of first survey has reduced the land entitlement from 1.4 million acres to 170,000 acres. The accompanying chart illustrates this impact on the Saskatchewan bands. In Saskatchewan, the land entitlement bands have consistently maintained that a band's entitlement changes in line with that band's population, until the band is owed no more land. This policy has been pursued by the Federal Government in its dealings with the bands. The 1976 formula that was negotiated between the FSIN, the Federal Government and the Provincial Government , recognized the use of current band populations when calculating land entitlement. The reason the FSI N and the bands accepted a cut-off date of 1976was in the hope that within five years, land entitlement would be largely satisfyed with federal and provincial crown lands transferred to the Bands. The provincial and federal governments agreed to make their crown lands both unoccupied and occupied available for selection by Bands. They also said that where lands are occupied, the interests of any third parties were to be satisfactorily met through compensation or other arrangements. Thirty Validated Bands In the early '?O's, there were 13 bands with recognized land entitlement. However, by the end of 1984, some 30 bands were recognized as having land entitlement. When a band was recognized as having validated land entitlement, their land was calculated on the basis of the 1976 formula. The 1976 formula took the band population as of December 31, 1976 and multiplied it by 128 acres per person. The current acreage of the reserve was subtracted from the total and the remainder was the new land the band was to receive. In all, 1.4 million acres were to be transferred to reserve status. In the 12 year period, since the 1976agreement was concluded, only 90,000 acres have been transferred to bands and only two of the 30 bands have received their full quota of land. Almost all the transfers were in the far north and mid-north of the province, where third party and government interests posed no serious problems. In 1981, 222,000 were formally committed for by Saskatchewan and accepted as such by the Federal Government. However, even these selections have not moved in the past seven years. An FSIN internal memo unit states, "There has been an unremitting campaign by federal bureaucrats to reduce this debt to what Justice Department lawyers considered to be Canada's 'lawful obligation', that is to the shorfall of land at the time when land was first surveyed for a band". "This reduces the amount from 1.4 million acres to 170,000 acres''. ''The agreement was regarded as being too generous, far too costly at a time of economic constraint and a political liability" . " The only federal crown lands transferred to bands to date, have been the sites of Indian schools. These were carried out between 1978 and 1982." Since the 1975 land entitlement agreement was negotiated, the NDP government in Saskatchewan has been replaced by a Conservative government and the Liberal government in Ottawa has been replaced by a Conservative Government. After it came to power in 1982, the Conservative Provincial Administration spent over two years carrying out an internal policy review on entitlements. No consultations occurred, no position paper was issued, no report was tabled. An indication of the reviews conclusions were given to the Chiefs just before the September, 1984 federal election was announced. As part of the review documentation , a provincial cabinet document of June, 1984 states that further review by the Attorney General of Saskatchewan 's legal obligations confirms that , "if we depart from the 1976formula, we will likely be faced with litigation with a serious risk of losing ... there is an outside chance ,that litigation would result in the provinces being bound to transfer more land than the 1976 formula would require." Province Rejects '76 Formula The provincial government was vague in public on the agreement, although the Cabinet is known to have rejected the Saskatchewan formula in 1984.This position was reaffirmed in July, 1987, but unlike the earlier decision, no reference was made to the agreements used as a guideline. Continued on Page 6 Saskatoon Indian 8t Metis Friendship Centre The Native Friendship Centre Programme is designed to improve the quality of life for Native people in an urban environment by support ing selfdetermined activities which promote Native cultural distinctiveness, and which respect equal access to and participation in Canadian Society. Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian Media Corp. Saskatoon Indian & Metis Friendship Centre 168 Wall Street Saskatoon, Sask. S7K 1N4 244-0174 Saskatchewan Indian Page 5 �(Continued from page 5) In 1984 and after, provincial bureaucrats said Saskatchewan would emphasize the legal settlement of the entitlement issue, but would go beyond this to help create economic self-sufficiency for bands. This was taken to mean, that only so-called lawful obligations were to be met with any certainty, this policy would likely mean that bands could only expect a fraction of their Saskatchewan agreement entitlements. The province also indicated that it was prepared to negotiate various components, land, cash and shares as part of entitlement settlements. No resources were provided by either government to bands to evaluate this proposal or to examine '' packages' ' of assets. Both the bands and the FSIN raised serious objections to any such trading off of their land rights under Treaty. The entitlement Chiefs clearly reaffirmed their position on the required land quantum. Since it came to power in 1984, the new federal administration has been conspicuously silent. The province has taken the initiative and the federal government has agreed with the province's policy. Through this strategy, the Federal government abdicated its obligations as the Crown's agent to fulfill commitments under Treaty. In 1986, the federal and provincial governments jointly tabled the " Draft Treaty Land Entitlement Selection Criteria" which states that: ''. . . where possible , all entitlements are to be fulfilled from available Crown lands, where possible, selections are to be contiguous to existing reserves; northern bands are not to select lands south of 54 degrees ; third party interests are to be satisfied ; offsets are to be made for valuable lands and resources; bands are to receive at least the shortfall at date of first survey; and if sufficient land is not available then they would have options of mixed settlement components or, if possible, purchased land; the amount of any purchase funds is to be based on the average unimproved value of land in the 25 mile radius of the band's existing reserve." This draft was rejected by the Chiefs because it simply ignored the terms , spirit and intent of the Saskatchewan Indian Page 6 Treaties and of the Saskatchewan agreement. The Department of Indian Affairs has stated that a federal policy review on entitlements is to be released soon . However, the FSIN feels this will define entitlement as shortfall based on date of first survey. This would be the formal break which has already been made with the agreement. An indication of the way in which federal thinking was moving , came in November, 1986. In a move designed to reduce the value of treaty land entitlements, the Deputy Minister of the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs directed that a component part of negotiations with Saskatchewan and entitlement bands be the following: The value of a Band's entitlement per acre should be calculated on the basis of the average improved value of land, less improvements within a 25 mile radius of the current reserve. The land selection of any band should be considered on the basis of the value per acre of the entitlement. A band may select surface federal crown land that has structures, however, the value of any structures would be considered as part of the total value of the settlement. In October, 1987, the Minister of Indian and Northern Affairs, Bill McKnight , wrote to Chief Roland Crowe stating that , ~'it is important that policies in each of the prairie provinces meet the basic requirements of lawful obligation." Further, he went on to say that pending the current review, " Canada's commitment to the first settlement of treaty land entitlement based on the date of first survey entitlements is clear.'' OUTSTANDING TREATY LAND ENTITLEMENT ACREAGES Federal and Provincial Calculations BAND Beardy 's & Okemasis Canoe Lake English River Flying Dust Joseph Bighead Keeseekoose Little Pine Lucky Man Moosomin Mosquito Muskeg Lake Muskowekwan Nikaneet Nut Lake Ochapowace Okanese One Arrow Onion Lake Pelican Lake Peter Ballantyne Piapot Pound maker Red Pheasant Saulteaux Starblanket Sweetgrass Thunderchild Witchekan Fond du Lac Stony Rapids TOTAL BASED ON 1976 AGREEMENT BASED ON DATE OF FIRST SURVEY DIFFERENCE 46 ,080 44 ,773 44 ,401 9,595 28,704 83,200 77,696 7,680 15,522 16,544 48 ,640 49,408 15,136 117,274 17,664 11,572 55 ,936 16,919 22 ,285 229,284 60,495 25 ,192 63 ,616 44,238 9,536 6,236 88,384 23,027 29,761 29,924 4 ,608 2 ,917 9,969 2 ,436 287 2 ,560 22 ,272 7,680 1,920 1,280 896 9,793 16,160 2 ,957 768 2 ,612 1,664 640 4 ,042 14,884 10,703 7,552 3,200 13,361 2 ,752 2,496 12,480 3,187 4,197 5,220 41,472 41,856 34,432 7,159 28,417 80 ,640 55,424 13,602 15,264 47,744 39,615 + 1,024 114,317 16,896 8,960 54 ,272 16,279 18,243 214,400 49,792 17,640 60,416 30 ,877 6,784 3,740 75,904 19,840 25,564 24,704 1,338 ,722 175,493 1,163,229 �FED/PROV ENTITLEMENT POLICY CLARIFIED Bill McKnight An exchange of letters between the Federal and Provincial Governments states for the first time the federal government policy to settle land entitlement on the basis of the shortfall at the date of first survey. In a letter dated February 22, 1988 to Mr. Bill Calder of the Provincial Department of Native Affairs, Mr. R. Westland, Director of the Specific Claims Branch of the Federal Department of Indian Affairs outlined the Federal position. "For our part, the Specific Claims Branch is unable to participate in the exchange of lands which Saskatchewan and the Bands have agreed to. This is because the federal government is proceeding with treaty land entitlement activity within the scope of existing authorities and based on Justice Canada's opinion that lawful obligation extends to the entitlement at the date on which reserves were first conveyed date of first survey." Westland was replying to the province's proposed settlement with the Canoe Lake Band that would have seen 4,498 acres at Kyle Lake transferred to reserve status. Westland goes on to state that if the province goes ahead and transfers the land, it will not have reserve status because Canoe Lake has exceeded their shortfall from the date of first survey. "It is important to point out that the settlement mandate of my Branch and of this department, has been confirmed by our Minister for the purpose of achieving settlements with interested bands without prejudice to their position on what their entitlement may be in addition to date of first survey acreage.'' "Since Saskatchewan and the band have agreed to proceed with a transfer of additional land, as part of a larger amount that the province believes to be owing, the settlement mandate of DIANO officers should not preclude a mutually agreeable transaction between the province and the band. The only limitation on the federal side, which is nonetheless very significant, is that the land the province agrees to provide to the band may not necessarily be given reserve status under existing authorities.'' In reply, Grant Hodgins, Minister for Indian and Native Affairs, wrote to Indian Affairs Minister, Bill McKnight to clarify the Federal position. ''We recently received the attached response from the Specific Claims Branch on the Kyle Lake Treaty Land entitlement selection. The letter outlines a significant new federal position on entitlements. This necessitates a change in the province's position or, treaty land entitlement. For that reason, I am writing to you to outline the Government of Saskatchean's position.'' "The federal government has the lead role in treaty land entitlement. Provincial participation in treaty entitlement negotiations or transfers is conditional on full federal involvement and on any land transferred being given reserve status. Pursuant to the Natural Resources Transfer Agreement, we are not willing to supply more land than the Federal Government requests to fulfill its treaty entitlement obligations." SASKATOON DISTRICT CHIEFS "Indian P'eople providing services for Indian P'eople" • • • • • • • • • Saskatoon Patient Referral Unit. Saskatoon District NNADAP Program. SDC Satellite College Muskeg Lake Reserve Saskatoon Data Program Health Liaison Program Director of Education Compliance Inspectors SDC - Development Corporation St. Michael's Residence & School Block • • • • • • • John Smith Band No. 99 , Box 9 , Birch Hills , SK 764-1282 Kinistino Band No. 91 , 91A , General Delivery , Chagoness , SK 873 -5590 Mistawasis Band No. 103 ,Box 250 , Leask , SK 466 -4800 / 4801 Moose Woods Band No. 94 , R.R. No. 5 , Box 149 , Saskatoon , SK 477 -0908 Muskeg Lake Band No. 102 , Box 1.30, Leask , SK 466-4959 / 4950 / 4951 Nut Lake Band No. 90 , Box 97 , Rose Valley , SK 322-2281 One Arrow Band No. 95 , R.R. No. 1, Box 1, Wakaw , SK Saskatoon District Bands Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian 226 Cardinal Crescent Saskatoon, SK (306) 244·1101 Saskatchewan Indian Page 7 �SASKATCBEWAI llrJIAI ARTS & CRAFTS CD R~DRAT ID I 2431 - BthAve.,Regina, Sask.HRSJ7Phone t30Bl 3SZ-lSDl - 3SZ-1SDZ Wholesale - Moose hideDeerhide - Cowsplits - FurPeltsSheepskin - Finished Products Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian Retail ''Indian Trader'' N.B.Slippers Mukluks CoteBoots AfterSkiBoots Garments Art Workand • 2431 - 8th Avenue REG INA, Sask. S4R 5J7 Phone: (306) 522-5669 • West Edmonton Mall M217 - 8770 - 170th St. EDMONTON, Alberta T5T 3]7 Phone: (403) 487-1146 • Northgate Mall 313 Albert St. N. REGINA, Sask. S4R 3C4 Phone: (306) 949-5122 • Prince Albert National Park Box 4 WASKESIU, Sask. S0J 2Y0 • Midtown Village Mall #114-220 Idylwyld Dr. S. SASKATOON, Sask. S7M 5J2 Phone: (306) 665-6977 • Londonderry Mall #412A-137th Ave. & 66th St. EDMONTON, Alberta T5C 3C8 Phone: ( 403) 4 73-2086 Man11 Souvenir• "J Items Saskatchewan Indian Page 8 Gateway North Plaza J-3 1403 Central Ave. PRINCE ALBERT, Sask. S6V 7J4 Phone: (306) 922-0700 �GENEROSITY MAH-MIN AND THE MISSIONARY By Stan Cuthand Mah-Min "The Feather" was the head chief of the Assiniboines in 1848, his own camp consisted of fortyfifty families living near Rocky Mountain Fort. One day Mah-Min met a young man who was travelling throughout the west. This artist was drawing pictures of some of the impressive looking men and women. The artist sketched "the likeness" of Mah-Min, who was so impressed with his picture that he took his collar of grizzley bear's claws, saying, "you are a greater chief than I am. I present you with this collar, which I have worn for twenty-three summers." The artist was Paul Kane. It is reported that Mah Min gave a long and serious lecture to a missionary one summer. It seems that the missionary had planned to purchase horses and food from the assinboines when he required them. He had brought a carton of tobacco for this purpose. When he reached Mah Min's camp the Indians had used up their tobacco and they asked him if he had a supply; he was afraid if he said "yes" he would exhaust his supply and not be able to purchase horses and some provisions. So he replied that he did not have any tobacco. After his unusal stay, the missionary was about to return when he went to Mah Min and said to him, "I want horses and provisions for my return journey, I will pay you for them in tobacco.''. Mah Min stepped up to the Missionary and stood till in front of him and with anger said, "You admonish the people about many things. You tell them not to steal or lie; how can they listen to you? How can they believe what you say? when you arrived, you said you had no tobacco. Now you say you have plenty. We do not lie about our supply of food. When someone is in need we help him, no matter how little we have. You are different. You say one thing and you do another. If you gave us all your tobacco, you would have had no problem getting a horse and food for your journey.''. Mah Min felt very comfortable after this encounter but felt sorry for the one who works for the One Above. He granted him his request. Mah min was perhaps one of the last of the Great Chiefs whose people were struck by smallpox, a pestilence so horrible that some victims simply died of fright at the sight of screaming victims. The assiniboines were demoralized and dispersed. The survivors mourned for their dead and their victory songs became memorials for their past war exploits. Saskatchewan Indian Page 9 �COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE SUPPORT FOR MEDIA CORP EXPRESSED BY FSIN Ted Queqezance, Clerk of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations(FSIN), in an opening address to the founding meeting of the Saskatchewan Indian Media Corporation(SIMC), stressed the importance of communications for Saskatchewan Indians. He said. " Only through communications can we inform our people. The more informed people are the better they are capable of making the best Decisions'' . Making the address on behalf of FSIN Chief, Roland Crowe, Quewezance, added that it is important that the Saskatchewan Indian and any other media tool that the Indian people choose reflect and report on the issues from an Indian cultural and political perspective, so that Indian people are not misrepresented in the media. Taking a historic look at the FSIN achievements in communications, he said that "Communications is one of the most important tools we can use as Indian people and the FSIN recognized a number of years ago and developed a communications program that included radio (Moccasin Telegraph), television (Fifth Generation), and print media in the form of the Saskatchewan Indian magazine. Although all these programs saw relative success, funding was cut by the Provincial government in 1982. The commications program was missed and the FSIN made a number of attempts to revive the magazine, but without success. In late 1986 a group of volunteers met to discuss setting up of independant media corporation to produce the Saskatchewan Indian. Out of this was formed the Saskatchewan Indian Media Corporation. At the February Chiefs' Conference in Yorkton, the chiefs passed a resolution supporting the development of the Media Corporation to provide media service to Saskatchewan Indians. Saskatchewan Indian Page 10 Ted Quewezance In his address, Quewezance said, "While the FSIN supports the development of the media corporation , I must stress that there be links with the FSIN' '. He said that the FSIN wants to see a communication organization that is responsive to the issues that the chiefs of Saskatchewan face daily. "Today we as Indian people are faced with many important issues that effect us all, such as, Indian Government development, offreserve Indians, Constitutional development, Treaty Rights violations , Treaty Commissioner and Land entitlement; all these issues have to be properly explained to our constituents'' said Quewezance. He said that the FSIN sees an important role for Indian communications in the future. "We need to get our message from the FSIN to the Chiefs, Councils and Indian people. We need to receive feedback from Indian leaders and their constituents and we must share opinions and options from other groups both across Canada and around the world; and the Saskatchewan Indian can play a major part in this" . Quewezance said. The mainstream media doesn't have Indian reporters, producers, editors, or researchers". Quewezance said that this lack of Indian involvement is clearly seen in the reporting of Indian issues. He also added that the mainstream media are often unable to fully appreciate the concern that Indian people have for the issues as they relate to them. He said that this would change with the advent of the Saskatchewan Indian resuming publication and that the Saskatchewan Indian people would once again get the facts on stories that reflect on their lives. Quewezance announced that the FSIN plans to publish an Executive newsletter to report the FSI N developments to the Chiefs and Councils, who in turn would report to their constituents. He said that the FSIN executive have met with the SIMC Interim Board and they have agreed to assist in the publication of the newsletter. Kitsaki Development Corporation Lac LaRonge Indian Band "STOPPING THE BUCK HERE" '' Developing the Future of the First Nations'' Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian Media Corp. Lac LaRonge Indian Band Box 180 Lac LaRonge, Sask. SOJ 1LO �INDIAN COMMUNICATIONS HAS HISTORICAL ROOTS - WHEELER After dinner speeches are usually dull affairs, but participants in the founding conference of the Saskatchewan Indian Media Corporation didn't fall asleep on Bernelda Wheeler. Wheeler, who is a noteworthy journalist best known as host of CBC's former national native affairs program, "Our Native Land" didn't speak long but said many things in a short while. Wheeler reflected on what she learned as a journalist over the years. She discussed her ideas as to what an Indian journalist should be doing, and she told the audience about some experiences she knew of where things got rough between reporters and band councils. "Communications is something that happens from birth but Indian culture has some twists of its own", Wheeler says. " Indians never used to write things down". ''We are descendants of an oral civilization". "Historical facts and stories had to be memorized and repeated exactly as told, there was no room for personal interpretation or editorializing." "Absolute accuracy was one journalistic principle Indian people practiced and this should carry over to today's work." Communication with children was and still is another important aspect modern day journalists have to address. Wheeler has seen how positively children react when they see something or hear something in the media that they can recognize and identify. As examples, she cited how eyes light up when they see the word "kookum" in a book, or see the words Friendship Centre on a child's T-shirt in a picture book. "It's part of them, they become intensely interested," she says. She also said more kids might get through school if more attention were paid to them. Wheeler also had something to say about the negative reaction some Indian politicians have when they see or hear something they don't like in the media. She said band members have the right to know what their council does when they go to Ottawa. ''Are they working or are they in the bar?" She called the situation where reporters work for the politicians an " unholy marriage'' and asserted that ''there should be no ties to political organizations''. She told the audience, which included several politicians, of how reporters are banned from meetings, or beaten up, for telling the truth. Wheeler wrapped up her remarks by reminding the audience that democracy began among Indian people, not in Europe or Russia. She also stated that an Indian journalist has a better understanding of the treaties made with Canada than a non-Indian would. " We know them. We have a fe~I for them. We grew up with the feelings of those treaties'', she said. All of these come into play in the field of Indian communication. PANEL DISCUSSIONS SPARK DEBATE Two panel discussions were held to provide a forum for speakers with differing views and a chance for the audience to ask questions and get involved in the discussions. The first panel consisted of moderator Joel Demay, head of the Indian Communication Arts Program at the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College in Regina; Les MacPherson, a columnist with the Saskatoon Star Phoenix; Brian Maracle, an Ottawa-based free lancer; and Bernelda Wheeler. Their topic was "Communication as a Tool for Positive Change". In their presentations, all agreed that communication through mass media is a powerful way to cause change. A lively question and answer period followed. Felix Musqua of the FSIN wanted to know why communication wasn't established in Saskatchewan. He was told funding has a lot to do with getting started. Ron Smith, Director General of CBC Saskatchewan asked why more native people don't get involved in mainstream journalism. He was told that the "mainstream media does not accept native journalists with open arms". Les MacPherson confessed that his paper is sometimes lazy when it comes to presenting the native viewpoint. ''You shouldn't let us get away with it," he stated. And another participant asked why there was no Indian radio station in Saskatoon. He was told to expect some " major developments''. A lady from Toronto made an impassioned statement against government funding , Ken Hodgins advised not to ignore the story of the Ch ief who mediates domestic disputes at 3 a.m. , in the interest of balance. Another young man asked for advice on how to deal with the tremendous pressure encountered on the job. After a short coffee break, the second panel took the floor. Doug Cuthand moderated a discussion on "Enhancing and Advancing the Indian Image". Panelists were Robert Merasty, of Missinippi Broadcasting in La Ronge, Ron Smith of CBC Saskatchewan, and Everett Soop, a prominent Alberta communicator. Robert Merasty said the focus of his group is to maintain the language first and foremost , and to promote community radio. He viewed the image of Indians as presented by the non-Indian media as negative. Ron Smith told the conContinued on Page 12 Saskatchewan Indian Page 11 �Continued from Page 11 ference that CBC gets flak from all sides. "CBC is perceived as the evil genius behind everyone's troubles." He also said CBC does not promote or enhance, "we reflect". Then it was Soap's turn. He recited the Indian journalists' 23rd Psalm, which he penned. His view of the Indian image in mainstream media as one that is negative, but he also had harsh words for the present state of journalism in the Indian community. "This Mickey Mouse journalism that we've been piddling around with is pathetic," he said. Another round of questions followed. The CBC was taken to task for axing "Our Native Land", but Ron Smith responded by saying CBC Saskatchewan will be hiring six native people very soon. He also said chances of starting a new onehour radio show are pretty slim. COMMUNICATIONS PHILOSOPHIES RECEIVE FAVORABLE REACTION The founding conference of the Saskatchewan Indian Media Corporation was attended by a number of Saskatchewan Chiefs, FSIN executives and Senators. They heard many positive ideas about the world of Indian journalism, and they heard some unflattering remarks about the Indian government institutions of which they are a part. Lyndsay Cyr is Chief of the Pasqua Reserve outside Regina. He says he agrees with the philosophies discussed at the conference and that the "media should be controlled by ourselves" in view of corporate control of the mainstream media. He is also in favour of a community radio station on his reserve, but wonders if such an endeavour would be economically viable. Alvin Head, Communication Commissioner for the FSIN, said he has reservations about the idea of SIMC operating at arm's length from the Federation but is willing to accept it temporarily. He was sharply critical of the Federal Government's policy of not funding communications programs for orsianizationslike FSIN. "If the government of Canada can fund the CBC, why can't the FSIN fund its own media," he asks. He also questioned whether the CBC was at arm's length from parliament. On the concept of community radio and television, Head was more receptive. '' Its a very good idea,'' he said. The Bands are asking for radio and TV and the FSIN is "aggressively seeking to establish these." SASKATOON DISTRICT CHIEFS AND CANADA MANPOWER SPONSOR COMPUTER TRAINING Sixteen staff employees from nine Saskatoon District Bands received Certificates of Completion for a 10-day Computer Training Course which was sponsored by Saskatoon District Chiefs and Canada Employment and Immigration (CEIC). The course was offered by T & M Consultants and Financial Services Ltd. of North Battleford and was spread over ten weeks. At the graduating ceremony, Oliver Cameron, speaking on behalf of the graduates, introduced his fellow students and welcomed visitors, friends and relatives. Representing CEIC was Allan Dreaver, who was very instrumental in getting the program off the ground. Also present were Cliff Starr, District Manager and Ray Johnston, Band Management Officer. Peter Kaweski, District Superintendant of Education of Indian Affairs and Wilf Blondeau, Executive Director of Saskatoon District Chief's Office presented each student with a plaque of Saskatchewan Indian Page 12 recognition. Chief.Everette Bear of Muskoday presented plaques of appreciation to Harvey Tootoosis, Computer Instructor; Grant Meier, Accounting Instructor and Sheila Desjarlais, Data Coordinator for the Saskatoon District Chiefs Office. In his closing remarks, Lester Lafond, Assistant District Representative, conveyed his congratulations along with a promise of a more comprehensive computer training program in the near future. Front Row L-R: Edwin Bear, Harvey Tootoosis, Oliver Cameron Back Row L-R: Beryl Beak, Laura Daniels, Donna Smokeyday, Cheryl Gardipy, Joyce Seesequasis, Delores Kenny, Sheila Desjarlais, Irene John, Grant Meier. �RESIGNATIONS '' IRRESPONSIBLE AND UNPROFESSIONAL'' The sudden resignation by six elementary school teachers on the Red Earth Reserve has been called irresponsible and unprofessional by the Chief and Council of the Red Earth Band. "The unilateral actions of the teachers can only harm their reputations as professional and reflect on teachers generally, and shows a total lack of concern for the 75 students of the school", says a press release made by the Band. The dispute began when six of nine teachers of the Ki- Waytinuk Elementary School withdrew from their teaching contracts on March 8 of this year. The only forwarning the band received was on March 7, when some of the teachers made demands on the school authorities arising from an unlawful entry into one of teachers homes and the attempted unlawful entry into the homes of the other teachers. The teachers said that guarantees from the Band and the school authority that where would be no reoccurrences and R.C.M.P. protection from future unlawful entries. The teachers were to meet with the Band Council and school authorities on the morning of March 9, to receive Band response to the concerns they raised on March 7. The teachers did not wait for the meeting, but issued resignations dated one day prior to the arranged meeting. The teachers raised two concerns to be addressed by the Chief and Council. First, they wanted more security at the teacherages and a guarantee against further unlawful entries. The Band replied that they could not guarantee that there will be no unlawful entries. "Unlawful entries are not peculiar to the Red Earth Reserve. Unfortunately and regretably, they are an unpleasant part of everybody's life, whether you live on the reserve, Nipawin, Saskatoon, Regina or any community which has a criminal element in it. The Band would like to give those techers and all teachers on the reserves, including our own families , the assurance and guarantees that there would be no further unlawful entries on our reserve, but it obviously cannot do so.'' The Band was willing to go with the teachers to the R.C.M.P. who have now established a detachment on the reserve and support the teachers request for more patrols and security in the teacherages . The Band has a substantial investment in the teacherages , schools , and educational facilities. Teacherages represent housing which is much superior to any other housing on the reserve. They are provided to teachers while many band members live in substandard housing. Second, the teachers wanted to move from the Elementary school Teacherages into the High School Teacherages. The Band had no obligation to the teachers changing their living arrangements. However , the six teachers demanded that the School Authority find accommodations for them in the High School Teacherages. The Band says, "As much as we would have liked to accommodate this request, we were simply not in a position to force the High School Teachers out of their homes in order to allow the six elementary teachers to move into their homes. On the other hand, the Band did suggest that the High School and Elementary teachers discuss among themselves , arrangements which would be agreeable to all parties involved. School authorities simply could not have moved the High School teachers without placing the Board in a breach of contract with the teachers. The School Authority would have faced possible legal suits. In attempting to accommodate the demands of the six teachers, the Band was prepared , in order to prevent any disruption in the education process of their children, to bring in a mutually acceptable mediator or conciliator to explore any and all acceptable solutions to the perceived concerns of the six teachers . ''The actions of the teachers has resulted in 75 innocent students being harmed, the actions of the teachers did not allow for an orderly trasition to substitute or replacement teachers .'' ,, The Band Councils and School Authorities main concern now is to recruit replacement teachers. The Band will have to provide costs for the replacement of the teachers. The Band says it does not have the additional financial resources to meet this demand. Consultations have begun with lawyers to commence legal action against the six teachers for damages flowing from their breach of contract. In addition, the Band will file a complaint with the Teachers Association asking that disciplinary measures be taken WEARE YOUR TYPE Specializing in : • Magazines • Newsletters • Brochures • Annual Reports • Catalogues • Books • etc. etc. Congratulations to the Saskatchewan Ind ian Media Corp. ~SCHELLEN. ,i@ IBLL&J] )1filTI©~B 2213A Hanselman Saskatoon, Sask. Ct. 934·2777 Saskatchewan Indian Page 13 �FSIN USES INTERNATIONAL FORUM On February 14, Second ViceChief of the FSIN, Wayne Ahenakew, attended the World Council of Indigenous People's (WCIP) Summit held in Nicaragua. He then went on to the 44th session of the Commission of Human Rights Conference in Geneva, Switzerland from February 22 to 26. Ahenakew, representing the FSIN, was invited to the WCIP summit along with agencies from other countries who support Indigenous Peoples in Nicaragua and Central America. At the summit, he lobbied for support for the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance (PTNA) who are trying to gain status as an International Non-Governmental Organization (NGO). The FSIN has assisted in establishing the PTNA who are dedicated to ensuring that the Treaties made between Indian nations and the Crown are honoured. The PTNA feel it is important for all to understand that the treaties were negotiated through a bilateral process on a nation-to-nation basis. That is, sovereign Indian nations negotiated on equal standing with Queen's representatives from Great Britain and Canada. Until now, all native peoples in Canada, Treaty, non-status and Metis, have been represented at the WCIP and International Human Rights conferences by the Assembly of First Nations (AFN). The FSIN and PTNA felt that because the AFN represents so many groups, they could not address Treaty concerns as effectively as a group whose primary goal is ensuring that treaty rights be upheld. The AFN does not recognize the PTNA as a national organization, while the PTNA has made it known that they are not represented by the AFN. In Geneva, the PTNA was represented by the Grand Council of the Crees of Quebec, who have independent status as an NGO. The PTNA has applied to the International Labour Office (ILO) who can grant them status as an NGO. This would allow them to speak at the world conference and Saskatchewan Indian Page 14 address the Working Committee on racism, independently of the AFN. At the Commission on Human Rights Conference in Geneva, Ahenakew continued to lobby for international support for the PTNA. His objectives are: 1. To gain recognition and membership for the PTNA to the World Council of Indigenous Peoples; 2. To gain status as an International Non-Governmental Organization for the PTNA; 3. To formalize PTNA's role as representative of Treaty Indian people in Canada and to gain international recognition of their Treaty Rights; and, 4. To further the political, cultural, economic and educational advancement of all Indigenous peoples. This status and recognition would allow PTNA to approach the International Board of Inquiry about the Canadian Government's denial of Indian Treaty Rights. The PTNA could then also work toward international laws which would guarantee that Treaty Rights be upheld. A press release issued by the Grand Council of the Crees of Quebec included a fact sheet which outlined the resolutions made by the Sub-Commission of the United Nations Human Rights Commission on the Prevention of Discrimination and the Protection of Minorities. The resolutions they adopted were: a) That a UN study be made assessing the conditions of aboriginal peoples; b) That there be drafted a set of international standards on the protection of the rights of aboriginal peoples; c) That a study be made on Treaties between aboriginal peoples and nations states; and, d) That 1992 be declared ''The International Year of Indigenous Rights." At the conference in Geneva, Canada lobbied member nations of the Human Rights Commission to oppose the resolutions at the Commission discussion and vote which was to be held February 25, The fact sheet outlined Canada's argument to oppose the resolutions and responded to them as follows: a) Canada was not party to the development of the resolutions so why should these suddenly be introduced? FACT: Canada has been party to the discussions leading up to the resolutions since 1983 and has made submissions to the Working Group on Indigenous Peoples of the Sub-Commission on the Prevention of Discrimination; and, b) Canada argues that the resolutions would apply to only three nations (United States, Australia and Canada) and should not therefore be adopted. FACT: While it is true that there are major problems in Canada's failure to respect its treaties, such treaties between nation states and indigenous populations are a world wide phenomenon found in Africa, Continued on Page 15 FIRSTNATIONS INSURANCE SERVICES LTD. 1100~ FIRST AVENUE EAST Prince Albert, Sask. S6V 2A 7 (306) 763-4712 "First Nations First" Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian Bruce J. Falstead, General Manager Sam Dan Hardlotte, Marketing Director Sherry L. Andrews, Office Manager �Continued from Page 14 New Zealand, South America and elsewhere. c) Canada argues that the calling for 1992 as ''The International Year of Indigenous Rights" is a waste of money. FACT: The naming of this year would bring world attention to the problems of Indigenous Peoples as Dispossessed Enclaves within nation states. The year 1992 is 500 years after the landing of Columbus on the shores of Native America. It is fitting that positive actions be taken during that year to begin redressing the 500 years of dispossessing of the native peoples of their lands. In Commons Debate, Liberal Critic for Aboriginal Issues, Keith Penner, questioned the Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, Bill McKnight on why Canadian officials in Geneva were lobbying against the resolutions. McKnight responded that he was not aware of Canadian official's activities in Geneva but suggested that "Under UN Charter all existing avenues for redress in your own country must be explored before you go to the United Nations. In several cases in Canada ... there are court actions and other avenues of redress which aboriginal people have not followed to fruition and they are now pursuding their claims in other areas of jurisdiction." Penner then requested that the Secretary of State for External Affairs direct the Canadian officials in Geneva to support the resolutions. He said that "Canada is being obstructionist. Canada should stop its nit-picking and get behind these resolutions." The Anglican Church of Canada and the Canadian Council of Churches also strongly supported the Canadian promotion of the resolutions. The Department of External Affairs met with the Cree representatives in Geneva to clarify Canada's position. They said Canada supports the resolutions and did not intend to delay their adoption. The next day, however, a statement was delivered to the subcommission by Thomas C. Ham- mond of the Canadian delegation in which he said that the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement (the issue put forward by the Crees which would be included in the treaty study), "would not fall within the mandate of the proposed study as currently framed because it is neither a treaty nor a convention". He said that while Canada has many arrangements with its aboriginal peoples , "which are styled as 'treaties', none ... would be covered by the proposed study in its present form." Hammond continued, that addressing issues which predate the United Nations "risks achieving little of long term value" and could undermine the support for the subcommittee's work in the area of treaty rights. He said that Canada would support, however, a modified proposal which would contribute more universally to the subcommission's long term goals. The proposals were adopted in the Human Rights Commission vote. At the convention, Canadian MP, Maurice Tremblay, asked why Canadian Indians were participating in the Geneva Forum where the other people who are involved are subjected to oppression, murder, starvation and cruelty. Ahenakew responded that Canadian aboriginal peoples have no alternative but to seek support from other indigenous groups because the government has ignored their concerns, it has not moved to apply section 35 of the Constitution which deals with Treaty and has shown no intention of so doing. As well, very little has been done to settle Indian Land Claims-only two have been settled, 31 remain outstanding. At this rate, says Ahenakew, it will take another 120 years to resolve Land Entitlement. As for oppression, one has only to look at our penal institutions where 80 percent of the population is native. Look at, our reserves where 90 percent of the people are unemployed. Look at the high school drop out and suicide rates of our teenagers, the conditions of infrastructure within the Bands. When one looks at these things, one sees that Canadian aboriginal peoples are just as oppressed as the peoples from other countries who are at this forum. At the conclusion of the conference, Ahenakew commended Chief Ted Moses from the Grand Council of the Crees for providing him with the accreditation to sit with the Working Committee and for his involvement and diplomacy demonstrated during the sessions. He also thanked Moses for introducing him to different diplomats and for Moses' dedication as the only Indian with NGO status in Canada at the Conference. SCHOLARSHIPS The Touchwood File Hills Qu'Appelle District Chiefs Council will be awarding three scholarships of $500.00 each to Treaty Indian students. One scholarship will be awarded to each of three areas, Touchwood, File Hills and Qu'Appelle. The scholarships will be awarded to Grade 12 students who have met the entrance requirements and are enrolled in a post- secondary institute. Attendance and attitude are factors which will also be considered in the final selection. Selection of the successful applicant will be made by the Scholarship Committee appointed by the Education Commission. Application forms are available from the District Chiefs office. The deadline for applications is August 19, 1988. Saskatchewan Indian Page 15 �FSIN RAIDERS The FSIN's contribution to the Calgary Olympics was upstaged by the likes of Eddy the Eagle and the Jamaican Bobsled team. The FSIN Raiders are currently touring the Province challenging local squirts, L-R: Front Row Coach Henry Delorme, Dan Keshane, Ron Albert, Bobby Bird, Ted Quewezance, Wayne Ahenakew, Oliver Brass, Eldon Bellegarde, Alvin Head, Milton Burns, Henry Daniels, Manager, Senator Hilliard McNabb. Saskatchewan Indian Page 16 �Pee-wees and Tom Thumb teams. So far the scores have been close. If you can't take in the FSIN Raiders for hockey action at its best, watch the NHL Playoffs. L-R: Back Row Alex Greyeyes, Joe Quewezance, Roland Crowe, Irvin Starr, Vern Bellegarde, Percy Durocher, Lindsay Cyr, Perry Bellegarde. Saskatchewan Indian Page 17 �REGINA SEPARATE SCHOOL BOARD INTRODUCES NATIVE STUDIES COURSE The Regina Separate School Board (RSSB) is hoping to have a special social studies course in place as part of its regular Grade 10 course load by this fall, according to Gerry MacDonald , who's been teaching the course since it was introduced as a pilot project in the spring of last year. The new course, dubbed Native Studies 1O(NS-10), is being taught at Miller High School, an inner city institution with a high enrollment of native students. MacDonald says the RSSB has already approved the use of NS-10 for its schools in Regina and could implement a similar pilot course for Grade 11 if there is enough demand. He adds that the provincial education department is also considering a similar course for use in all Saskatchewan schools. NS-10 was designed by a committee appointed by the provincial education department's curriculum development branch. The committee was comprised of people from the local Indian and Metis community. "There was a very significant input from the indigenous people of Saskatchewan", MacDonald says. MacDonald, whose own education includes background in anthropology and sociology, says the course content is well enough developed that any sensitive teacher could teach it. The course is equally weighted with the regular History 10 course, a course based on feudal Europe, the Rennaissance, the Reformation and the Industrial Revolution. He hopes NS-10, which is focussed on some of the cultural and historical aspects of Indian and Metis life, will be more appealing to a native student and provide '' an impetus to stay in school". The course is not meant just for native students though, it's open to all who are interested. In fact, most students taking NS- 10 are not of native ancestry this year. According to MacDonald, NS-10 instills a sense of pride and self worth in native students. "They see, while they are different, there is Saskatchewan Indian Page 18 nothing wrong in those differences; there is nothing wrong in being able to say 'I am an Indian, I am Metis'," he says. He also says the course addresses racism and negative attitudes towards Regina's native community. " Anybody who takes this course will have a much better understanding of why many Indian people today find themselves in difficult circumstances, and a great deal of that is based on their historical experiences," MacDonald points out. NS-10 was implemented because of what had previously gone on in the education system. "There is so much evidence of how kids are alienated from the school process and from society''. MacDonald calls NS-10 a solid, rigorous, intellectual course that will suit students very well in postsecondary education. UNIVERSITY NOT A TREATY RIGHT - MCKNIGHT SA VS Federal Indian Affairs Minister Bill McKnight recently stated that university education for Indians is not a treaty right. The Saskatchewan MP made the statement in a letter to a student at the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College (SIFC) in Regina. In the letter dated February 26, 1988, McKnight says "education outside the ages of seven through sixteen is not referred to in the Indian Act and has not been defined as a treaty right. Post-secondary education assistance is, therefore, provided under a departmental program rather than as a result of statutory responsibility." It is the position of elders in Saskatchewan treaty areas that post-secondary education is one of the existing aboriginal rights entrenched in the Canadian Constitution. Officials at the executive offices of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (FSIN) in Regina have yet to comment on McKnight's treaty interpretation. INDIAN VETERANS RESEARCH The Saskatchewan Indian Veteran's Association is looking for Indian veterans who would like to share their war time experiences with a reading audience. SIVA, in conjunction with the Department of Veterans Affairs, is producing a publication on the contribution of Saskatchewan Indians during war. SIVA would like to see this little known, but important, history recorded for future generations. Your assistance is most important. Contact: SIVA Grand Chief Gordon Ahenakew or John Cuthand c/o: FSIN 120-33rd Street East SASKATOON, Saskatchewan S7K-0A2 Phone: 652-9150 �YOUTH CONFERENCE PRINCES PAGENT CONFERENCE HIGHLIGHT The highlight of the Youth Conference was the banquet and the crowning of the first Miss Prince Albert District Chiefs Princess. The nine girls who contested the title each received one complete outfit and hair appointment, as well as bracelets, blankets, roses and eagle feathers as gifts. Several contestants chose to speak in both English and Cree. The contestants included two 13 year old girls from Wahpeton, Vonda Buffalo and Jennifer Waditaka, Mellisa Head from James Smith, Tracy Bird from Montreal Lake, Maxine Clinton, Maggie McKenzie from Stanley Mission, Laurie Ann Naytowhow of Sturgeon Lake, Jackie Michel from Pelican Narrows, Norma Ross from Montreal Lake. The winner was 17 year old Laurie A. Naytowhow who is a grade 11student at Carlton Comprehensive High School in Prince Albert. She dreams of training as a model. Laurie's topic was '' My Mother''. Laurie attributes her success to her mother, who is a single parent and an "AA" member. Laurie Ann Naytowhow - Miss 1988 P.A. District Chiefs Princess Second runner up was Jennifer Waditaka of the Wahpeton Band who chose "Share My Dream" as her topic. She portrayed one dream as she displayed her dancing skills to the beat of the drums. Dressed in a traditional buck skin outfit, she was definitely a favourite of the panel judges who included, Ms. Nanair, Dutch Lerat, Carol Parenteau and Phillip McKenzie. Maggie McKenzie of Stanley Mission who choose "Our Changing Environment" and Maggie Bird of the Montreal Lake Band tied for third runner up. At the conclusion of the Pageant, the Sturgeon Lake Singers sang the honor song for their band member, Laurie Ann. The program then concluded with a hoop dance by nine year old Beamer Morrison and with the P.A.I.M.F.C. Pow-wow troup who demonstrated several different dances. NATIVE ADOLESCENTS STEPPING STONES TO THE FUTURE A Three Day Seminar Sponsored by the CONFERENCE TERMED SUCCESS Approximately 150 students from the P.A. District took part in the third annual Youth Conference which was held on February 19, 20 and 21 at the Prince Albert lndian/Metis Friendship Centre. On Saturdtiy, the delegates attended the first of four workshops. Following the workshops, the delegates took part in airband rehearsals, ping-pong and pool tournaments. On Sunday they attended two more ·workshops. A talent show scheduled for the evening got off to a slow start because of a last-minute cancellation by the band. On Monday morning, the boarding house students challenged the P.A. District Chiefs in a hockey game. The final score was 7-2 in favour of the boarding house students. During the final session of the conference, each group was given time to speak out. Among the delegates who chose to share their experiences with drugs and alcohol, was one girl whose moving story brought tears to her listeners' eyes. She told of how, when she was nine years old, she poured out her mother's beer and was consequently disowned and kicked out of her home. Her grandparents took her in and she lived with them until she went away to high school. The organizers termed the conference a success and the participants took home memories of an interesting Conference and met many new friends. NATIVE MENTAL HEALTH SECTION of the Canadian Psychiatric Association Date: October Location: Registration 1, 2 & 3 , 1988 Nova Scotian Hotel 1181 Hollis Street Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 2P6 Fee: $100 For further information and registration call or write CPA Section on Native Mental Health Box 89 Shannonville, Ontario KOK 3AO Telephone: 613-966-7619 Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian Saskatchewan Indian Page 19 �YOUNG INDIAN ATHLETES SHOW GREAT POTENTIAL Curtis Ahenakew, an eighteen year old Cree Indian from Sandy Lake Reserve first started Track and Field at the WAFN Mini Olympics in 1982, where he placed third in the 1500 meter event. This inspired Curtis to continue to enter and win race events. Carter now holds 1O first place medals, 3 second place medals and 8 third place medals. He has constantly placed in the top 1O in all the in which he competed. In the summer of 1984, Curtis entered the Saskatchewan Summer Games held in North Battleford, winning the gold medal, beating the top contender and provincial champ, Al Magoo by running a record time of 2:01 :00 thus becoming the best junior in the province and would be in the Saskatchewan Summer Games Records. For Curtis, his dream is to realize his full potential as a runner. For him "the sky is the limit". Curtis depends on his parents for both moral and financial support. He is presently pursuing financial support from interested groups and individual sponsors: Knights of Columbus Meet (Saskatoon) Golden Bear Meet (Edmonton) Seed Day Meet (Saskatoon) Manitoba Indoor Games California Competition and Training Camp Curtis' coach, Bryan Oustad says he has shown he has the potential to be among the best middle distance runner and is presently in the best condition of his life and is continuing to improve. 17 year old, Alex Cook of Southend Reindeer (Peter Ballantyne Band) is a Grade 12 student attending Holy Cross High School. Alex has been running and competing in various races for the past five years. In late 1986, Alex was selected to join the Saskatchewan Training Squad and in the summer of 1987, he represented SaskaSaskatchewan Indian Page 20 Alex Cook tchewan at national eliminations in Track and Field. In the fall of 1987, Alex moved to Saskatoon for more structured training . In October, Alex won the High School Provincial Championships in cross country. In early February, he competed in the Manitoba Indoor Championships held at Max Bell Field House at the University of Manitoba, where he won the Junior mens 1500 metre race. As a first year junior, this is an outstanding achievement. Alex plans are to complete high school and go on to University to study coaching or a related field in Physical Education. Both Alex and Curtis train regularly at the Field House in Saskatoon. One of their goals is to compete in 1988. SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN AGRICULTURE PROGRAM INC. Congratulations to the Saskatchewan Indian on Getting Back into Operation The Premiere Indian Magazine 1410 Chateau Towers 1920 Broad Street Regina, Sask. S4P 3V6 Curtis Ahenakew 565-0836 �SIAP ANNUAL REPORT DIFFICULT BUT ENCOURAGING YEAR The 1987 Annual Report of the Saskatchewan Indian Agriculture Program (SIAP) says that it has been a difficult but encouraging year for Saskatchewan Ind ian farmers. With help from SIAP, the grain price decline which affected Indian farmers, was partially offset. Additional assistance for farmers came from the, ' 'farmers in difficulty'' policies, the use of specialty crops and the farmers diversifying into mixed farming operations. In his message in the Annual Report, Saskatchewan Premier, Grant Devine, stated that agriculture is the backbone of Saskatchewan and is an important industry for our entire nation, and he is pleased to see SIAP take such an active and supportive role in the promotion of agriculture. The SIAP Wild Rice Marketing Program has had success marketing in Europe and many points south. In 1988, the Wild Rice Program will continue with it's overseas endeavours by meeting with France and Hong Kong agriculture authorities and restau rante urs. Another bright spot in the year has been the increase in cattle prices. The program responded by doubling their 10 cow herd policy to encourage Indian cattle farmers . Northern agriculture is also slowly developing. In the past year, 41 Indian farmers harvested over 120,000 pounds of rice, 46,000 trout and 20,000 pounds of blueberries and cranberries . A comprehensive northern agriculture submission has been developed to access new monies for this program . The Saskatchewan Indian Loan Company (SILCO), an arm of SIAP, is now in it's second year of operation and in the past year has made 45 loans to farmers for a total of $783,201 for capital and operating costs. The SIAP Marketing Company continued to fulfill it's role in marketing development for Northern agricultural products. "Farming to Win" has also been introduced to Indian farmers to help cope with the cost price squeeze and to clarify the goals and objectives of each family farm unit. "Additionally, SIAP continues its commitment to extensive and intensive training, 4-H and youth development and to the foreseeable challenges of the 1980's." concludes Gerry Starr, Chairman of the SIAP Board of Directors. TheSpiritSings. The Spirit Sings : Artistic Traditions of Canada's first Peoples is an historic exhibition exploring the rich and enduring legacy of Native artistic traditions. Until May 1 at The Glenbow Ball-headed club , from the collection of the Earl of Elgi n and Kincardine , KT, CD, Scotland Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian Media Corp. SHElLCANADA® Proud sponsor of The Spirit Sings The Glenbow Museum, Calgary Saskatchewan Indian Page 21 �INDIAN 4-H REPORT SUMMER '88 AGRICULTURE PROJECTS The following projects will be offered again this spring to 4-H members 9-21 years of age. Contact your nearest SIAP Designated 4-H staff as soon as possible and tell them of your interest. A description of the project and requirements are listed: 4-H Garden Project: 4-H members will receive a kit of garden seeks (9 vegetables, 1 flower) from the Indian 4-H program. A well cultivated garden plot at least three metres x three metres is required. In addition, second (and upper) year 4-H members can also try potatoes (2 varieties of tomato, cabbage, strawberry, or cauliflower x 6 each). Gardens are to be watered and weeded over the summer. 4-H Garden Planting Information is provided. 4-H members are encouraged to complete the 4-H Garden Record Book provided. Judging will take place in late summer. Members and their families are encouraged to use the vegetables produced. 4-H Poultry Project: Costs of the project are shared 50/50 between the 4-H member and the Indian 4-H Program. 4-H members will receive 20 chicks and one bag of starter food with the member's 50 percent paid on delivery. Each 4-H member must have an adequate facility at the time of delivery to provide protection from dogs, etc., shelter, proper temperature and ample food/water. Members and their parents are required to sign a contract indicating their commitment. Second year members have the option of including five of either ducks, geese, or turkeys in their total number of 30. A 4-H Poultry Manual and Record Book are provided to each member for their information and record keeping. Members and their families need to consider what the final use of the birds will be. 4-H Swine Project: 4-H members will be allotted two weanlings according to a quota for each SIAP district. Costs of the project are shared 50/50 between the 4-H members and the Indian 4-H program. 4-H members will receive two weanlings and one bag of starter feed with the members 50 percent paid on delivery. Each 4- H member must have an adequate facility at the time of delivery to provide protection, shelter, food, and water. Members and their parents are required to sign a contract indicating their commitment. A 4-H Swine Manual and Record Book are provided to each member for their information and record keeping. Members and their families need to consider what the final use of the pigs will be. Saskatchewan Indian Page 22 PESTICIDE SAFETY KITS 4-H clubs can promote farm safety and earn some money at the same time. 4-H members sell the kits to farmers for $32 and keep $5 for the club/individual profit. The kits are supplied to 4-H by Hoechst Chemicals. Contact your SIAP office or the Indian 4-H program (933-5088, collect) if you wish to order some kits for sales. 4-H CLUBS The Poundmaker 4-H Club is wanting to make powwow costumes. A senior curling team is representing the club at the Provincial 4-H Bonspiel in Shellbrook, March 26-27. The Dillon 4-H Club is sending a junior curling team to represent Indian 4-H at the same spiel. A firearm safety project is taking off in Muskoday. Leader Ted Bear has 25 members coming to the Tuesday meetings. Range firing practice is a part of the plan. The Sweet Grass 4-H Club took part in the Meota Winter Festival. Nine members brought home gold, silver, and bronze medals in events such as: toboggan races, castle building, snowball throw, puck shooting, and perogie eating. Participants included: Charmayne Pooyak; Shellena Partridge; Krista, Leanne, Chris and Terry Albert; Everett Fineday; Keven Sapp; and Cliff Standinghorn. The club is doing public speaking. They plan to do their annual community clean-up during the Easter holiday. 4-H Exchange Planned - Congratulations to the Sweet Grass and Asquith 4-H Clubs for a novel and meaningful idea. The two clubs have arranged to travel to each others community for a one-day visit. Sweet Grass will host their neighbors on May 21 and will travel to Asquith on the 28th. A good 4-H idea! TRY 4-H ! - What do poultry and carpentry have in common? You guessed it! Both words have "try" in them. You, as a possible 4-H member or leader may want to try these (and other) 4-H projects! Editors Note: 4-H Club Reporters are reminded to send in their 4- H Club News to the Saskatchewan Indian or the Indian 4-H office. �4-H JUDGING CLINIC The Indian 4-H program is invited to take part in this Judging Clinic to be held Sunday, April 17 at the Agriplex, North Battleford . 4-H members and adults will learn how to judge five species of farm animals, grain and craft projects. Here's a chance to meet other 4-H people and to learn how to make better decisions about animal and crop quality. The Indian 4-H program will pay $5 of the non-refundable $10 fee for up to 10 representatives of your club attending. Lunch included. Call Harold Greyeyes (446-7498) or the Indian 4-H Program (933-5088). UPCOMING EVENTS August 5 - Deadline for applications to Indian 4-H Camp August 17-23 - Indian 4-H Camp September-October - 4-H and Youth Business Conference September - October 4-H and Youth Business Conference Clip and mail to: Indian 4-H office, 3130 - 8th Street East Saskatoon, SK S7K 2H6 I am interested in the following. Please send me more information on: ___ 4-H Family Camp, Rayner 4-H Centre, July 1-3 ___ Indian 4-H Camp, Rayner Centre, August 18-24 ___ Camper (13-15 years) ___ Jr. Counsellor (16 years and over) ___ Sr. Counsellor (18 years and over) Name : ________________ _ Address: _____________ Postal Code : _____ __ Telephone: ______ _ _ Everett Fineday, PerogieEat in g Champion, at Meota Winter Festival (Sweet Grass Reserve). February 20, 1988. Last month we reported on the 4-H Communication weekend. Here is a picture of the group of "The Saskatchewan Indian'' NEW ARENA DREAM REALIZED ON GORDON'S \. A ten year dream has finally been realized by the people of the Gordon's Band. Their multi-use community centre opened its doors to the public January 23. The new building houses the Band offices, a firehall and an arena. Construction began in 1977 utilizing community and band capital funds. However, the following year, the Treasury Board changed its rules and the Department of Indian Affairs terminated the project. Treasury Board changed criteria and the total cost of construction was going to exceed the limit of Treasury Board approval so the project was stopped in its tracks. For several years, the land continued to operate out of an old building refusing to build a new band office unless it was part of the arena complex. The old office had no running water, was crowded and lacked proper heating. The band insisted the office be built in the arena complex and finally they received the approval. Along with the band office a new firehall was added to the centre. To complete the arena the band used its revenue money, a provincial grant, funds raised by the Sports and Recreation Committee and a lot of volunteer labour. The total cost of the complex was $750,000and the final stages of construction took five years. The complex is now fully operational and an official opening of the arena will be held next fall at the beginning of the '88/89 hockey season. Saskatchewan Indian Page 23 �SASKATCHEWAN 11~r HUMAN SEEING EYE DOGS ALLOWED IN RESTAURANTS National Native Association of Treatment Directors RIGHTS COMMISSION This is one article in a series on human rights issues and provisions of the Saskatchewan Human Rights Code. Written by Human Rights Commission staff, this article concentrates on one aspect of the rights of the physically disabled as set out in the Code. One day last winter, Yvonne Peters, who is blind and who relies on a seeing eye dog for help in getting around, went into a restaurant in Saskatoon with her husband and her parents. They were met at the door by an employee of the restaurant who told them the dog would have to be left outside. Peters explained that under human rights law in the province, seeing eye dogs are permitted to enter restaurants with their owners. The employee still refused to let them enter, saying he had never heard of such a law. When the group decided to leave the restaurant without being served, the employee said: "That's fine, it doesn't hurt me''. Peters responded, "But you are discriminating, and that does hurt me.'' She complained to the Human Rights Commission. The case was settled with the restaurant paying Peters $400 in compensation for humiliation and loss of self-respect. It is discrimination under the Saskatchewan Human Rights Code to deny a blind person entry to public services (such as restaurants, hotels, stores, arenas, community halls, schools) because she or he is accompanied by a seeing eye dog. Chief Commissioner, Ron Kruzeniski, reports that the Investigations Division is still receiving complaints from blind people who have been refused entry to Saskatchewan Indian Page 24 restaurants and other public facilities because the rights of blind people accompanied by seeing eye dogs are not properly understood. "That shouldn't be happening." The type of public service where this problem most often occurs is the restaurant. Most restauranteurs do not allow animals into their establishments. But the Saskatchewan Human Rights Code says the needs of people who are blind must be "accommodated". In this instance, accommodation means that the seeing eye dog must be allowed to enter the restaurant with the blind person. Any policy the restaurant might have concerning animals takes second place to the Code. Admitting a blind person with a seeing eye dog is not a matter of choice on the part of the restaurant owner, or the owner or adminsitrator of any other public facility. It is the right of the blind person to be treated in the same way as any other member of the public. If a blind person is denied that right, action may be taken under the Saskatchewan Human Rights Code. Additional information about the rights of the physically disabled under the Saskatchewan Human Rights Code may be obtained from Commission offices located at: 802, 224-4th Avenue South Saskatoon, Saskatchewan 27K 2H6 933-5952 For hearing impaired persons: 933-2119 1819 Cornwall Street Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 3V7 787-2530 For hearing impaired persons: 787-2530 Congratulations to SaskatchewaR., Indian " Promoting Quality Alcohol and Drug Treatment & Services" our goal National Native Association of Treatment Directors P.O. Bo x 1882 , Saskatoon , Sask. 57K 352 Telephone : 306 / 934 - 1646 PERRET'S INSURANCE AGENCY LTD. Agent for: SGI Sask. Mutual Wawanesa Hail Insurance Livestock Mortality Insurance Motor License Issuer Custom Photocopying Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian Ph. 467-2244 Box 238 Duck Lake, Sask. At Carlton contact: John H. Baynton 467-4878 �Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technologies Saskatchewan Indian Training Institutes Dial Toll Free 1-800-667-9704 from anywhere in Saskatchewan. In Saskatoon Call 244-4444 Office Education Prince Albert District Business Administration Prince Albert District National Indian Forestry Institute Meadow Lake District Industrial Mechanics Shellbrook District Indian Diploma Nursing North Battleford District Pumbing, Heating & Gasfitting Saskatoon District Recreation Technology Touchwood/ File Hills/ Fort Qu'Appelle District Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian The Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technologies is a member of the Association of Canadian Community Colleges (ACCC) and a member of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium (AIHEC) Saskatchewan Indian Page 25 �FORTY-ONE NATIVE ARTISTS PARTICIPATE IN SASKATOON ART AUCTION By Betty Ann Adam The Third Annual Native Art Auction was held in Saskatoon's Ramada Renaissance Hotel on Wednesday, February 17.The show was sponsored and coordinated by Neyo Native Development Projects, a non-profit organization promoting Saskatchewan Native artists. 41 artists submitted 83 pieces to be auctioned to raise money for the John Howard Society. Accord ing to Ernest Lavalley, the show's coordinator and an employee of the John Howard Society, the sale prices were down from previous years, in spite of this year's increased publicity. He suggested that the sluggish economy may be to blame. Another reason for the low sale prices of pieces by nationally recognized artists such as Norval Mirriseau , David B. Williams , Ken Lonechild, and Lloyd Pinay may be the public 's need for education of the art's value. Last year, as well, there were art dealers in attendance from Winnipeg and Edmonton , whereas this year only one local art dealer attended the auction. According to Lavalley, the one thousand dollar winning bid for Lloyd Pinay's white alabaster bird sculpture is an example of exceptional work being sold for below its market value at the sale. Pinay's sculptures are popular in New Mexico, Texasand California where such pieces go for several thousand dollars. The highest price paid for a painting was $335 for John Turo's acrylic " Giving Birth". Turo's work is better known in the territories and in Alberta. He hopes his pieces here will increase as his name spreads . One painter who was satisfied with the price her piece brought, was Sharon Moberly, whose ''The Woman Who Hunts For Her Child" brought the shows second highest price for a painting . Moberly has contributed work to previous auctions, but this was only her second painting. Saskatchewan Indian Page 25· '' Its good to watch an artist's work maturing ," said Lavalley. He was especially impressed with Moberly's use of bold colours, new themes and evocative titles. Lavalley and Irene Fraser of Neyo Native are still optimistic and will continue their work in Saskatchewan. " Many Saskatchewan Native artists look forward to the auction now. For many its the only place they have to sell their work ,'' said Lavalley. Neyo Native will continue to organize monthly showings of Saskatchewan Native artists in public buildings such as those which were recently hung in the SNEDCO and INAC buildings in Regina. Another recent project was a workshop in La Ronge, March 18 and 19 which was aimed at artists with little or no formal training. Another major event for Saskatchewan Native Artists is the juried art competition currently being held in Saskatoon. Artists were asked to submit three pieces, one of which was chosen for the competition. The prizes will be $3000 for the first place winner and $2000 and $1000 for the second and third places respectively . The deadline date for entries is April 30, but to encourage artists to submit their works earlier, a draw was made March 30 and another will be made April 15, with prizes of art supplies. These winners are still eligible for the juried competition. The entries will be displayed in galleries around Saskatoon and although the organizers will pay for return of unsold pieces to the artists after the show, artists are responsible for getting their works to the organizers. All money from the sales will go to the artists. Neyo Native will not take an agent's fee. They are expecting a large turn-out and are grateful to the Gabriel Dumont Institute and INAC for financial assistance. For further information contact Ernest Lavalley or Irene Fraser at Neyo Native Development Projects, 95 Lindsay Drive, Saskatoon or call 244-0130. OFFICIAL RESERVE NAME CHANGE The Kinistino Band has officially changed its name to the Kin isti n Band, the name of the original Chief of the Band. An Ottawa clerk erred in spelling the name and the reserve was called Kinistino instead of Kinistin. Send all correspondence to: Kinistin Band Office Chief Albert Scott Box 2590 TISDALE, Saskatchewan SOE-1T0 �DIGGERS AND OLDEN HAWKS TAKE JOURNEY (WYNYARD) The Gordon's Reserve Annual Hockey Tournament held here over the second weekend in March was won by the Pee Paw Diggers in the senior men's division, and by the hometown Gordon's Olden Hawks in the oldtimer's division. The Olden Hawks managed to subdue a late game rally by the Muskowekawan Bullies, outscoring them five goals to four in a fast paced final that entertained a couple of hundred fans with spectacular goaltending and old-fashioned pinpoint passing plays. Gordon's led the Bullies 2-1 after the opening period and 4-2 after the second. Muskowekwan scored early in the third period and then tied the game with just over 11 minutes left to play. The Bullies were buzzing around the Gordon's net for most of the last remaining minutes and had several good scoring opportunities that got the crowd screaming. But after the Bullies' Alfred Montgrand missed a wide open net with five minutes remaining, the Olden Hawks rushed out of their end and Dennis Peltier put the puck in the net to clinch the oldtimer's tournament for Gordon's. It was a case of whoever scores the last goal wins the game. To earn a spot in the final game, the Olden Hawks beat Piapot in their first game, lost to Racing Lake, and beat Racing Lake in a re-match to face the Bullies. The Bullies had to get by River Bottom and Racing Lake to earn their berth. In the senior men's division there wasn't much doubt as to the outcome of the final game, in spite of a tight first period that saw the Pee Paw Diggers (Cote) and the younger Gordon's Golden Hawks play to a 2-2 tie. Two minutes into the second period the Diggers went ahead 3-2. Both teams played evenly until the Golden Hawks tied the score with 10:37 left in the period. Less than half a minute later, the Diggers went ahead to stay, scoring four times in six minutes to close out the period with a 7-3 lead. Alfie Montgrand Ed Bitternose Pee Paw Diggers, winners of the Senior Men's Division. The Diggers opened their lead to 8-3 early in the third and final period. Gordon's did manage to score two quick goals around the mid way point to make the score 8-5, but that was as close as they could come. With 3:42 left to play the Diggers scored again. 20 Seconds after that the Diggers pounded the last nail into the Golden Hawks' coffin scoring their 10th and final goal. Pee Paw coach Stan Severight said after the game that things looked like they were in the bag after that late se- cond period scoring drive. The Golden Hawks had to get by teams from Standing Buffalo, who beat the Hawks 7-6 in their first game of the tournament, Fishing Lake and Sturgeon Lake to get into the final. Pee Paw went undefeated in their charge to the finish, outscoring Muskowekwan, Poorman's and Piapot by wide margins. Tournament organizers say the weekend event was a successful one and they are looking forward to next year. Saskatchewan Indian Page 27 �Tae Kwon Do Champs SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN ON YOUR NEWBEGINNING Windkd spea er A Weekly Native Newspaper. 15001 - 112 Avenue Edmonton, Alberta T5M 2V6 Several young students at Montreal Lake School won five medals at the Western Canada Tae Kwon Do Championships , held at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Saturday, March 12. Twelve year old grade six student, Dixie Bird (yellow belt), won thesecond place silver medal in girls beginner's light weight division sparring. Sixteen year old grade ten student Jenny Bird (yellow belt), received the third place bronze medal in women's form competition, and also, the second place silver medal in women beginners light weight division in sparrings. Dale Lavallee (yellow belt), a sixteen year old grade ten student, took the second place silver medal in men's yellow belt light weight division in sparring , and grade ten, sixteen year old Cyril Henderson (half yellow belt), walked away with the third place bronze medal for sparring in the men's yellow belt light weight division. This was the first competition in which these students have participated, since Tae Kwon Do instruction first began as an extracurricular sport at their college one year ago. Classes are taught by World Certified Second Dan black belt, Mr. Kirk Sinclair, of Kee's Tae Kwon Do School in Prince Albert. Saskatchewan Indian Page 28 · Tae Kwon Do Champions from Montreal Lake, Left to right: Cyril Henderson, Dixie Bird, Jenny Bird, Dale Lavallee and Mr. Kirk Sinclair, Instructor. I♦ Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (403)455-2700 Publication of the Aborlglnal Multi-Media Society of Alberta, 15001 • 112 Avenue, Edmonton,Alber1a,TSM'N6 Telephone: (403)455-2700 Affaires indiennes et du Nord Canada Congratulations, to the Saskatchewan Indian Media Corporation on the revival of the Saskatchewan Indian magazine. It has shown but one indication of your innovative and creative approach to serve as an effective communication vehicle for Indian opinion in the province of Saskatchewan. This new vehicle prov ides a wealth of information on the successes, accomplishme nts and ideas shared by Indian educators, students, pa re nts , elders, chiefs and the community as a whole. To you , I extend my best wishes for its continued success . Dan E. Goodleaf Regional Director General Indian and Northern Affairs Canada Saskatchewan Region 780-6527 �GORDONS JUDO CLUB SUCCESSFUL AT PACIFIC NORTHWEST CHAMPIONSHIPS On the weekend of March 5, 1988, members from the Gordon's Judo Club travelled to Tacoma, Washington, to compete in the Pacific Northwest Judo Championships, hosted by Bushikan Dojo of Tacoma. Over 500 representatives from 79 clubs attended, and despite the stiff competition, Gordon Judo Club was able to earn several medals. Although the majority of clubs attending were from Washington State and its neighbors, Oregon, California and British Columbia, dojos from places as widely separated as Hawaii and Connecticut; Chicago, 11Ii nois and Coral City, Florida ; Beaverlodge, Alberta and Puerto Rico; Anchorage, Alaska and New Jersey were represented . Two Saskatchewan groups in addition to the Gordon Judo Club were there : Stanley Mission and the Jud o Saskatchewan Junior Team. The following fighters from Gor don's Club were successful in attaining medals over judokas with a variety of styles and experience : Junior Division: Memory Delorme , Girls 7 & 8, 55 lbs. and under - GOLD Janna Pratt , Girls 7 & 8, 77 lbs . and under - GOLD Miranda McNab , Girls 9 & 10, 95 lbs. and under - SILVER Carol Thorne, Girls 11 & 12, 75 lbs. and under - SILVER Jeremy Huculak, Boys 7 & 8, 46 lbs. and under - SILVER Marvin Longman , Boys 15 & 16, 161 lbs . and under - SILVER Aaron McNab, Boys 15 & 16,201.1 lbs and over;;- GOLD Senior Division: Bob Campbell, Bronze medal in his weight division. Travelling by Moose Mounta in Bus Lines, the group left Gordon 's at 1 p.m. , Thursday , March 3 and returned at 4:30 p.m. on March 7. The youngsters enjoyed seein g Puget Sound, and the Cascade Mountain Range. The experience of coming up against fighters with such a variety of skills , styles and coaching was Some of the medal winners from the Pacific Northwest Judo Championships, Tacoma, Washington: Rear: Marvin Longman (silver) Middle row: left to right: Carol Thorn, (silver) Janna Pratt (gold), Miranda McNab (silver) Front: Memorie Delorme (gold) Jeremy Huculak (silver) Medallists Missing from picture: Aaron McNab (gold) Bob Campbell (bronze) PRAIRIE ♦ CRAITS SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN For Authentic CANADIAN & NATIVE HANDICRAFTS Daily Native Radio. Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian Media Corp. &CFWEFM89.9 Box 2250, Lac La Biche, Alberta TOA 2CO 215 Wall Street Saskatoon, Sask. S7K 1N5 934-1684 (403)623-3333 Production of the Aboriginal Multi-Media Society of Alberta , 15001 - 112 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta , TSM2V6 Telephone : (403)455-2700 Saskatchewan Indian Page 29 �very educational for our fighters. In some age/weight divisions, our club was not meeting competitors within the province to give them the opportunity to develop their skills further; or, perhaps more accurately, to force them to develop their skills further. A few tournaments such as this prove to them that there is always something more to be learned in Judo. The Gordon Judokas all made a great effort, and it is hard to single out our fighters for special praise, but not only to the medal winners made good showings. Of course, the medal winners all did well; Marvin Longman fought particularly hard for his medal in a weight division with 29 contenders. His first opponent was a black belt (the first black belt, in fact, that he had ever faced) and Marvin defeated him in that first match, although the black belt eventually came back to win the division. Many of the fighters in that division were black and brown belts, and Marvin's showing was excellent. Another competitor in a tough division was Trevor Poorman, who put up strong opposition against higher belts and didn't give up anything easily. Trevor shows a lot of promise. His division was won by a black belt from Hawaii who had previously represented USA in the Junior Division of the PanAm games. This illustrates the kind of experience some participants had and the level of competition. We can be proud of all the fighters we took along , and grateful for the opportunity to attend . The young people were a credit to their Sensei, William Strongeagle. Among those commending the Gordon Club and cheering their young people on were Phil Takahashi, Provincial Advanced Arts Coach, and Yosh Senda, Sensei of the Lethbridge Club, and the man who instructed Sensei William Strongeagle in judo , as well as Canada's Olympic Judo team. The Pacific Northwest Judo Championships were honored by the attendance of Professor Takahito Ishikawa, highest ranked male judoka in the world and Professor Keiko Fukuda, highest ranked female judoka and renowned kata instructor. Saskatchewan Indian Page 30 · Although no one from the Gordon Judo Club competed in the Boys six and unde~ 42 pounds and under division , parents greatly enjoyed seeing Marcus Austin from California, aged five years and two months, win each of three bouts by an lppon to capture not only a gold medal but awards for best technique and inspiration award, Junior division. The club members and chaperones have a wealth of memories and souvenirs from the trip, and the medals that the winners received are beautifully minted commemorative coins from the Nor- thwest Territorial Mint, with intrinsic as well as symbolic value. The Honorary President of the Gordon Judo Club, Mr. Frank Hatashita, eighth Dan Black Belt, highest ranking North American Judoka, contacted the Gordon Judo Club on March 8 to congratulate them. He stated that the Gordon Judo Club has "really made a name for itself attending the Pacific Northwest Judo Championships." A word of praise from someone who so typifies the highest ideals of Judo is worth more to the Club than any award. WHEN KEYLAKE PEOPLE GOTOWORK, THEY TURN THELIGHTS ONAROUND THEWORLD From a shop in France to a school in Japan , the ore from Key Lake Mine becomes a vital source of the world 's daily energy supply . Working under the strictest health , safety and environmental regulations in any industry anywhere are the men and women of Key Lake Mining. Saskatchewan people. Saskatchewan resources. Producing more energy from uranium than from all the oil in the nation. Keeping the lights on around the world. ~ Mining Corporation 410 - 22nd Street East Saskatoon , Saskatchewan Canada S7K 5T6 Tel. (306)665 -7000 Telex 074-2850 �OWENDAKA ST. CHELSEA'S DAY Skanongohwe! Do you know what bugs me 'round about the middle of March? St. Patrick's Day, that's what. Don't get me wrong, though, I don't have anything against the Irish. In fact, I'm just jealous because they've got a good thing going. Every year, like calendarwork, people celebrate St. Patrick's Day whether they're Irish or not. They wear green clothing, silly hats, shamrocks and buttons that say "Kiss Me - I'm Irish". They walk around saying things like "sure 'n begorra" and "top o' the morning t'ya". St. Patrick's Day creates a lot of good will for the people from the Emerald Isle. It even helps people here forget that the Irish over there are busy killing each other off in an ugly tribal war. Nevertheless, there's a good feeling to St. Patrick's Day because everyone helps to celebrate. The Irish, naturally, couldn't be happier. They're proud of their ancestry and they don't mind if other people want to be Irish too, if only for a day. The reason I'm jealous of the Irish is because very few Canadians want to be an Indian - even for a minute let alone for a day or a lifetime. Canada's best known Irishman is an example. Brian Mulroney would love to have Indians dress up in green and be Irish for a day. But do you really think he would want to wear sneakers and blue jeans and hang around with a bunch of Indians all day? You bet ydur blarney stone he wouldn't. But I'm getting off the point. And the point has to do with the reason why St. Patrick's Day is so popular. The reason is booze. St. Patrick's Day is really just an excuse to get plastered. Except for New Year's Eve, it's the biggest night of the year for the people in the liquor business. All the bars and nightclubs go wild. They sell an ocean of green beer and Irish coffee. On St. Patrick's Day, the Irish, and everyone else, drink as if the breweries, the wineries and the distilleries stopped making the stuff. The funny thing about all the drinking is that it doesn't seem to have harmed the image of the Irish at all. Let's face it -- the Irish are known as pretty hard drinkers. In fact, they rank right up there with Indians. The trouble is that the public's attitude to a drunken Irishman is not the same as the attitude to a drunken Indian. A drunken Indian is an obnoxious, spineless good-for-nothing. So this whole St. Patrick's Day business has got me thinking. Maybe it's time we had our own day of celebration - just like the Irish. We could celebrate our pride in being Indians in a national good-time day. Our day would be just like St. Patrick's Day - with one big difference. If you wanted to celebrate, you'd have to be sober. There'd be no booze allowed. I hope my idea for a non-drinking national Indian holiday catches on. Think of it - for one day of the year all the Indians in Canada would be stone-cold sober. It would be nice to put the liquor stores, the beer parlours and the bootleggers out of business, at least for one day. But S-r;CHEl.!iA DA!/;?- a. soberholldau. "Leweif toa.n Ind1an -to 11 spo'iI a Ho{ida.9, Saskatchewan Indian Page 31 �Continued from Page 27 it would be even nicer to be part of a sober and joyous national native celebration. The Irish wear green on their day. I don't have any suggestions about what colour we should wear, although I think pure white would be nice. Come to think of it, it could be a day when we could all wear our tribal dress just to feel good and show off. With any luck, my holiday idea will spread and the non-Indian people will want to be part of the celebrations too. And when non- Indian people start wanting to be Indians, even for a day, that's the day we've changed public attitudes and that's the day we start making real progress. I know the liquor industry won't like my idea. Apart from that, though, there are only two things standing in the way of making this dream of mine a reality. One is a date for the holiday and the other is a name. First off, I think it would be a mistake to try to call it something like Indian Day or Aboriginal Day or First Nations Day or Native Day or Indigenous Day. That's because I don't think that we Indian/native/ aboriginal/indigenous people would ever be able to agree on a name like that. Instead, let's call it St. Chelsea's Day. "St. Who?" you ask? St. Chelsea - after Andy and Phyllis Chelsea. You might have heard of them. Andy used to be the Chief of the Alkali Lake Band in British Columbia. The band's reputation used to be so bad it was known as Alcohol Lake. At one time 95 percent of the band members were hard core drunks. The social problems on the reserve were horrendous. But one day, about 10 years ago, Phyllis Chelsea decided to sober up. She stayed sober and she helped her husband Andy dry out too. The Chelseas then began working on the rest of the Band. Finally, after several years, they turned the figures around so that now 95 percent of the members of the Alkali Lake Band are nondrinkers. The story of the Alkali Lake Band is setting an example for dozens of other Indian communities. The heroes of the story are Phyllis and Andy Chelsea. I know there are probably plenty of other Indian people around who've achieved similar success, but I think the holiday should be called St. Chelsea's Day. After all, it IS my idea. And then there's the problem of just when to hold St. Chelsea's Day. I don't know Phyllis' or Andy's birthday, so here's my suggestion: How about the day after St. Patrick's Day? It certainly would be appropriate to have a day devoted to sobriety on the day after the day devoted to drunkenness. Oh yeah, there's ooe other reason why I think St. Chelsea's Day should be held on March 18th. It's my birthday and I'd like to have a big, nonalcoholic celebration with lots of other Indians. I've already started working to get St. Chelsea's Day off the ground for the next year. If you' re anywhere near Parliament Hill next St. Chelsea's Day, you won't have any trouble recognizing me. I'll be wearing my fanciest choker and ribbon shirt. I'll also be wearing a button that says "Kiss Me - I'm Indian and I'm Sober." Onengiwahe. SILCQ (Divisionof SIAPInc.) SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN LOANCOMPANYLTD. 1410 Chateau Tower, 1920 Broad Street, Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 3V6 CORPORATE STRUCTURE: The Saskatchewan Indian Loan Company Ltd., (SILCO) was incorporated on February 7, 1984 and is administered by a Board of Directors who are appointed by the parent company SIAP. A funding application was submitted to the Native Economic Development Program (NEDP) and was approved after long negotiations. In addition the Saskatchewan Indian & Native Affairs Secretariat contributed seed funding to get the program underway. CORPORATE MANDATE: The loan company is to enable Indian farmers to borrow funds for their operating requirements and for capital items such as equipment, livestock, etc. Funding may be made direct from SILCO or under a guarantee arrangement with designated lending institutions. APPLICATIONS available from: Ag. Rep. (Indian Reserves) Department of Agriculture No. 105 Provincial Building NORTH BATTLEFORD, Sask . S9A 1E9 Tel. No. 446-7646 Ag. Rep. (Indian Reserves) Department of Agriculture 3130 - 8th Street East SASKATOON, Sask . S7H 2H6 Tel. No. 664-5100 Ag . Rep. (Indian Reserves) C/O SIAP INC. PRINCE ALBERT, Sask . S6V 4V6 Tel. No. 922-7800 Ag. Rep. (Indian Reserves) Department of Agriculture Federal Building Box 579 FORT QU 'APPELLE, Sask. S0G 1S0 Tel. No. 332-4412 Ag. Rep (Indian Reserves) Department of Agriculture 18 - Provincial Building 72 Smith Street East YORKTON, Sask . S3N 2Y4 Tel. No. 783-9743 Saskatchewan Indian Pag·e 32 Ag. Rep. (Indian Reserves) Department of Agriculture Box 369 MEADOW LAKE, Sask . SOM 1V0 Tel. No. 236-5243 · Ag. Rep. (Indian Reserves) Shellbrook Agency C/O Department of Agriculture 800 Central Avenue PRINCE ALBERT, Sask . S6V 6G1 Tel. No. 953-2786 Congratulations to Saskatchewan IndianMediaCorp. �SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN COMING EVENTS Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance Economic Development Conference Spring Fever '88 (Saskatoon) Country Rock Festival April 19-21 Bessborough Hotel For More Information Call: Regina 949-8100 Saskatoon 652-9150 April 25-30 Sponsored By: Saskatchewan of Native Entertainers Call: 244-6193, 653-4700 1988-American Higher Education Consortium The Reality of a Dream Conference Assemblies and Worshops April 27-29 For More Information Call: (306) 584-8333 Great Plains Spring lnter!fribal May 21-22 Saskatoon Centennial Auditorium For Information Call: 373-7391, 955-2356, 978-1345, 384-9859 Association S.I.F.C. - 10th Annual Pow-Wow April 30 - May 1 Agribition Building Regina Exhibition Grounds Second Annual Native Perspective Good Times Jamboree & Music Awards May 20-21-22 Lac la Biche, Alberta For Information Contact: Ra.y Fox or Nancy Thompson (403) 623-3333 Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Legislative Assembly May 24-26 Regina For Further Information Call: Regina 949-8100, Saskatoon 652-9150, Prince Albert 763-3411 .. , Congratulations to Saskatchewan Indian If your Band or organization is hosting an event, please contact us and we will advertise it at no charge on the "Coming Events Page'~ Groups wanting larger advertising will be billed for regular advertising rates. �For a University Education The SIFC Welcomes You The Saskatchewan Indian Federated College is the only Indian Controlled post-secondary institution in Canada. One out of every four Indian students attending university in Canada attends SIFC. Academic offerings combine Indian-oriented and standard areas of study. Indian-oriented areas include: Indian Studies, Communication Arts, Management and Administration, Fine Arts, Health Studies, Languages, Linguistics and Literature, Education and Social Work. Standard areas of study include: All University of Regina offerings, Arts and Science and others, as well as a number of pre-professional programs such as Pre-Law, Pre-Agriculture, and Pre-Med. SIFC provides a total cultural, social and academic experience. We maintain a small College atmosphere on both Regina and Saskatoon campuses with services such as: Academic/Social/Traditional and Career Counselling; Recreational and Competitive Athletics; International Student Exchanges; Tutoring Services. For further information, call or write: Information Services Saskatchewan Indian Federated College Room 127, College West University of Regina Regina, Sask. S4S 0A2 1-306-584-8333 :- Saskatchewan Indian Federated College � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian Magazine Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970/2011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1970/2011 Description An account of the resource The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Magazine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian (March 1988) Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Description An account of the resource Contents: Entitlement Rejection Serious Blow The rejection of the 1976 Treaty land entitlement agreement by the Federal and Provincial Governments is a major blow to the economic and political future of the Saskatchewan bands. By: Saskatchewan Indian March 1988 Change In Land Entitlement Policy Spells Disaster For Bands The decision by the Federal and Provincial Governments to determine Treaty Land Entitlement based on the short-fall as of the date of first survey has reduced the land entitlement from 1.4 million acres to 170,000 acres. The accompanying chart illustrates this impact on the Saskatchewan bands. By: Saskatchewan Indian March 1988 Generosity: Mah-Min And The Missionary Mah-Min "The Feather" was the head chief of the Assiniboines in 1848, his own camp consisted of forty-fifty families living near Rocky Mountain Fort. It is reported that Mah Min gave a long and serious lecture to a missionary one summer. By: Stan Cuthand March 1988 Resignations "Irresponsible And Unprofessional" The sudden resignation by six elementary school teachers on the Red Earth Reserve has been called irresponsible and unprofessional by the Chief and Council of the Red Earth Band. By: Saskatchewan Indian March 1988 FSIN Uses International Forum On February 14, Second Vice-Chief of the FSIN, Wayne Ahenakew, attended the World Council of Indigenous People's (WCIP) Summit held in Nicaragua. He then went on to the 44th session of the Commission of Human Rights Conference in Geneva, Switzerland from February 22 to 26. By: Saskatchewan Indian March 1988 Regina Separate School Board Introduces Native Studies Course By: Saskatchewan Indian March 1988 New Arena Dream Realized On Gordon's By: Saskatchewan Indian March 1988 Forty-One Native Artists Participate In Saskatoon Art Auction By: Betty Ann Adam March 1988 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988-03 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Cuthand, Stan Adam, Betty Ann Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1988-03 First Nations Artists Kinistin Saulteaux Nation https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25945/archive/files/f47a8c96a9d1ee7a0a939609d57b7251.pdf?Expires=1779926400&Signature=Ap8K-7px5%7E5JaWcOxYgrStoUQtdIjRp5gMVzgQ%7EZwO8NQZwtdlneQr4mPlrxZpy5zhUYKDneLXXtBMV8OTeQ23Tt97InFMpdGqHGq3KT4cW8qSmqiYZU4hT4AGh69OUUqKXsK8WA2wcfQQjCrr3PG6nS8-KwMYFWYZz-wOU8alUOQP4dO5zx0Qo-SieBau%7ENFINZuwUN6JrvJZMKyn4Fv-NQLsgG%7EVO7O0xXXUUhDZg3yaTIpC73OMDgINAHeTGaoIblyNqSi4n2LVROkdhbZuJQmoPHbYlupn-aBCTFuoIxVQ1k3A-yid7rFw04%7EJd9T2jIfZc7CEETuGkfcqwYKw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 44b71c54f110e6ed7964fff1c80347f9 PDF Text Text �Wi-lakenon-pa DECEMBER The Twelfth Moon ii# I /I: ;"'. ~w/ -~ /s.1. Dakota (Sioux) Henry EDITORIAL . Beaudry OFFICES EDITOR 2nd floor, 310 - 20th Street East Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K OA7 INFORMATION THE SASKATCHEWAN All correspondence chewan Indian. should be directed to the Editor of the Saskat- INDIAN The Saskatchewan Indian has an editorial staff of four covering the entire province of Saskatchewan . With different new stories , sporting events, and social activities to cover , Saskatchewan Indian reporters may not be able to attend all events local residents wish to have reported In order to ensure that a reporter is available to cover your event , please notify the editor of the Saskatchewan Indian well in advance of the event. Last minute arrangements will not be acceptable. DISPLAY ADVERTISING Full Page . Half Page .. Quarter Page . . . . . . . . . Columnar Inch . ........ RATES $600 .0G 300 .00 1 50 .00 75.00 Inquiries about advertising , display cover should be mailable to: The -20th Street East , Saskatoon , 652-9150. Advertising deadlines following edition. ads and prices for ads running full colour or the back Saskatchewan Indian , Advertising , 2nd floor , 310 Saskatchewan S7K OA7 , or telephone (306) are the 15th of each month for publication in the DEADLINES Deadlines for all editorial material , that is; stories, photographs , letters , events, will be the 15th of each month for publication in that month's edition late material will be held and used the following month. �TABLE OF CONTENTS .. . EDITORIAL ................... . ... ... ... . .... 2 INTERNATIONAL ·Running Brave' Visits Saskatchewan . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 NATIONAL Escalating Litigation Costs Tremble Indian Treaty Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 NEDP Advisory Board Members Announced ...... .6 Indian Treaty Rights Protected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 PROVINCIAL Gabriel Dancers to Perform at Expo '86 ........ 14 INAC Indian Unversity Scholarship Award ... . . .. . 1 5 S.I.E.D.C. Economic Development Strategies Projects is Now Underway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6 The Saskatchewan Indian Languages Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 6 Great Plains Dance Troupe to Perform at Expo '86 ............................ . . . ... 17 S.I.F.C. Annual Report ....................... 19 REGIONAL Prince Albert District .................. . ..... 22 Saskatoon District .......... . ............... 35 Fort Qu'Appelle/Touchwood/File Hills District ..... 37 North Battleford District ........ . ............ 40 Meadow Lake District ....... . ................ 45 Yorkton District . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7 ENTERTAINMENT Book Review - Spirit of the Bison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Radio Play Review ........................... 48 PROFILES . . ........................... . ... 49 ELDERS BOX .............................. 55 The Saskatchewan Indian magazine is the official monthly publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations. The editorial offi,es are located at 2nd Floor, 310 - 20th Street East, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K OA7. The magazine has a second class registration number 2795. The newsmagazine is intended to serve as an effective communication vehicle for Indian opinion in the province of Saskatchewan. Since the magazine represents divergent views from Indians in this province, signed articles and opinions are the views of the individuals concenred and not necessarily those of the Federation . Submit all those materials for publication to The Editor - The Saskatchewan Indian, Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, 310 - 20th Street East, 2nd Floor, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K OA7, before the 15th of each month for publication that month. Editorial Board Sol Sanderson Doug Cuthand Elsie Roberts F_elix Musqua Editor Bryan Tootoosis POETRY ................................. . 57 Reporters Deanna Wuttunee Archie King LETTERS ................................. . 59 Martha Ironstar Secretary Mary-Ann Ketchemonia FRONT PAGE COVER Production Co-ordinator Bryan Tootoosis Northern Reserve photographed by Bryan Tootoosis 1 Pre-Press Production Graphic Arts Department Sask. Indian Cultural College �EDITORIAL In 1985 there were unique problems that faced Indian people throughout Saskatchewan. These problems were social, economic and political differences with the rest of Canada due to the treaties that were developed, signed and acknowledged by the federal governments of the day. As Indian Nations continue to develop, the challenge to achieve grows on. Differences between the Federal Government and Indian Nations hinder the process of understanding needs of Indian people and for the Federal Government to adhere to its committment by the treaties that were signed by our forefathers a century ago . Indian people could do just fine if given the opportunity to justly exercise what is theirs rightfully - Indian Government. On the other hand, the Federal Government should and could neatly co-exist with Indian peoples in this province with a clear understanding of sovereignty, jurisdiction and so forth. If s0ciety expects Indian people toc ontinue contributing to society by culture, taxes, manpower, and human resources , there must be respect and a common sense of dignity by society and other governments similar Federal, Provincial and municipal government relationships that exist today in this nation of ours. We all understand that the First peoples in this country were different Indian peoples, all co-existing in harmony with nature. Indian people in this region must be allowed to function internally at their own rate and develop with the growing pains that come with this type of political process. Naturally, there will be political differences that will continue to separate ideologies, philosophies and so forth. This is democracy in motion. 1986 will obviously br.eak new ground for history to be recorded and part of that history will be about Indian people. In the past year we all have had an opportunity to struggle for fundamental growth and to develop collective cooperation. All individuals contribute to the democratic process through political, social and economic will. The year has meant successes and failures in all areas of our lives. May we continue to assist, share and understand by maintaining our culture, your culture. Let's all appreciate the past events that have affected us and look to the future for greater things to happen for all of us. We have enjoyed laughter, tears, lost friends and experienced down and out feelings that constitute life. We must survive to pass on our rich culture to the young and prepare and encourage our people to share with the unborn. Our culture will change with society; nature will change too. Let's prepare to accept the technological changes that affect us, our children arid our political leaders. The tasks for bands in Saskatchewan and throughout Canada will be difficult. Band councils will continue to do their best to fulfill their mandates with direction from their band membership. This time of the year we will all enjoy Christmas day in prayer and in a joyful spirit. Let's take time to share, consider, help, feel, appreciate and be thankful for what we have today. Let 1986 bring some dreams into reality. 2 �INTERNATIONAL 'Running Brave' Visits Saskatchewan Billy Mills signed autographs for over an hour following the dinner. REGINA - Billy Mills, the 10,000 metre Olympic champion in 1964, addressed a fund raising dinner for F.S.I.N. at the Regina Centre of the Arts, December 11. His win has been called the greatest upset in Olympic history and stunned the world by overcoming odds of 1000 - 1. It was immortalized in the movie Running Brave starring Robbie Benson. Mills is part Lakota Indian from the Pineridge Reservation in North Dakota. An elder referred to his win as "counting coup" . For the Lakota, this is the greatest honor an Indian can earn; to be able to touch the enemy without killing him and escape. The reservation gave him a gold medal made from the Black Hills. In the two decades since then, Mills has developed a philosophy, "Formula to Success " and lectures extensively. The backbone of the philosophy is to be able to put yourself in a risk situation and use your total effort, mentally and physically. You will end up accomplishing basic dreams and aspirations or accepting defeat with dignity, analysing it and going onto a higher plateau. · A friend of his capsulized it when he said: "True competition is not for me to compete against you or you against me, but for each of us, individually and collectively, with a support system to reach within the depths of ourselves to the greatest extent A segment of the circle of the roundance. 3 we're capable of. In that sense, we become aware of the many, many weaknesses we possess. Some of us will change. Others enjoy too much." To give credibility to his philosophy, Mills owns a profitable insurance agency 1n Denver, Colorado. " His address also drew analogies to present Indian issues, of the Lakota he said: "Every right we have in the United States as Indian people are not rights given to us but rights retained for us by our leaders in the past.'' The Lakota signed a treaty in 1868. However, it was broken when gold was discovered in the Black Hills. The Indians are still pursuing a final settlement on this. '' A defeat can be a legacy. You may be confusing defeat with failure. The fact that land has been taken away, a way of life changed, that's a defeat, not failure. You can continue with what exists and you can create a legacy.'' Mills responded in references to his address about treaties as defeats. F. S. I. N. Senator Henry Langan said of Mills: "He seems to have a sense of direction where youth are concerned. He would be a very inspiring man especially in the area of �Senator Henry Langan Billy leading the round dance wi th help from the Cannaught Dancers. suicide prevention. Our young people give up so easily. That ' s what he talks about, regardless of opposition, there is always a brighter side. With youth today, there's only that one shot deal, then they give up. What he talks about is a fact of life. Thats something the old people used to talk about. Sometimes you run into a bush and there's no way you can go around it. You have to go through it. That's the hard times they (elders) talked about. They ran into problems, got despondent, but when they come out of it, they learned something.'' The proceeds from the dinner were earmarked for the capital fund of the First Nations Holdings Investment Fund. The First Nations Holdings Company was formed to recycle dollars among Indian institutions and bridge the business gap between Indians and non- Indians. Blizzard weather, a fee of $140. 00 a plate and a ticket drive of three weeks kept the attendance to a little over 300. Guest Speaker George Solomon, super businessman and owner of Massey Ferguson farming implements . p 4 �NATIONAL Escalating Litigation Costs Tremble Indian Treaty Rights The history of this country shows that different governments have rubber-stamped legislative laws to sterilize the special rights and the original constitutional agreements signed by the treaty Indians of this land. Various groups of people, armed with the poisonous tip of a draftsman ' s pen, have raided Indians' treaties and rights guerrilla warfare style. This "guerilla" style is used because how else can we describe laws and legislation that are catching the Indian people unaware. In the last 12 years there have been numerous discussions with both the Federal and the Provincial Governments with respect to correcting the legislative injustices done to Indians in the areas of hunting, fishing, trapping and gathering. Concerns were raised that the efforts of the legislatures are using their draftsmen to restrict, circumvent and sterilize Indians' rights deliberately. Indians with special rights have cried out to the deaf ears of our governments that they wanted consultations first before making laws that would affect them. Case after case has been won by the Indian people in the courtroom regarding hunting issues, embarrassing the governments in their ignorance of Indian treaty and special rights. Almost immediately, the Indians' successes in the courts have only made better draftsmen out of government workers in making sure that they would change the law so as not to lose to Indians again. Without shame governments have conspired against the Indians. Over the course of the years, the winds of injustice fanned by the government rednecks have blown against the Indian nations. There are numerous legislative changes that have surfaced , the latest being Saskatchew 'an's amendment of its legislation to the Wildlife Act , Section 38(6). It was rewritten so as to eliminate an implied right of access to private lands where the land was not posted . This law was introduced shortly after Moosehunter had gone before the Supreme Court of Canada reaffirming the right of Indians to hunt for food on lands to which they have access. Anyone with common sense would analyze that Section 38(6) was specifically drfated to get at Indian hunting rights. If the section had restricted itself to the hunting season only , then it would not be "discriminatory." However, Section 38(6) does not restrict itself to the hunting season only. And, of course, since the only people who can legally hunt in the off-season are Indians , the section could only be intended to get at Indian hunting rights. This is evident because a non-Indian hunter hunting at any time other than at hunting season would be subject to prosecution under various .existing sections of the Wildlife Act . It is reasonable to expect that only Indians will be charged under Section 38(6), having regard to the other provisions of the Wildlife Act which appear to adequately cover off-season hunting by non-Indians. This amendment to the Wildlife Act was passed by the Provincial Government without consultation with the Indian people for whom it was intended to affect. Then , there is no doubt that there is a legiti\nate question as to whether the government acted properly. This is a case of clear evidence of dictatorship being applied to Indian people in this supposedly democratic country. When there is no consultation in the changing of laws, then dictatorship prevails. For the Indian people of this country to survive the onslaught of tacticians and political conspiracy , it has been a long, treacherous climb. The dishonest and illegal prudence of governments over the years have bungled Indians' attempts to attain their rights as a nation to exist. One example of deliberately chocking Indian people in regulations, red tape and the slowing down of services for Indian people is the criteria set by the Department oflndian Affairs to receive funding for litigation. The Department of Indian Affairs has, in its budget , money set aside for any litigation that might arise for challenging the treaties or the Indian Act. Their regulations or guidelines set out to get at this money is the same thing as the flash of a mirage in the desert. It is there but you can't get to it. How many Indians can utilize this money at the present criteria for receiving it is as rare as the Queen's visits to this province. And yet the Department of Indian Affairs has lawyers of different specialities to help them in the administration of Indian monies. This money that sits like a pot of gold at the end of a rainbow, where does it end up? Most of it is used to create another bureaucracy. While this money sits there, in 1983 in Saskatchewan there were over three hundred cases involving Indians being charged with hunting. We have since lost count, but we do know that Indians are being harassed , hounded and charged week by week. The Indians, in their minds backed by their right to hunt, know that they have not broken a law. In the meantime , they go to court. Countless hunters, trappers and fishermen, and even old women picking berries have pleaded guilty just for the sake of getting it over with. Some might have gone to jail, paid fines or worked out in the fine-option program. Most people charged are the ones who are destitute who have no way or means to afford a lawyer. As of 1984 , the legal aid system has closed its doors to defend Indian hunters. This is another great conspiracy by the Provincial Government to starve out Indian defences in the courts. 5 �At this pace, the Indians of this province are faced with a mammoth task of going against a government with no financial backing. Donations from a few bands and employees of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations have trickled in, but this does not even fill a portion of the amount required. Since 1981, a total of $528,551 has been spent on litigation and legal services. We are operating at a climbing deficit. There are still monies outstanding in this regard. At this rate the estimated amount of money required would rise easily up to $100,000 annually. Again, the Indian people want a say in how their money should be spent. They do not like the idea of criteria dictating how monies are to be used like in the Departmental Test Case Funding Program. Instead of just funding appeal cases regarding challenges to all treaty rights and the Indian Act and related cases, the program sho,.1ld be brought down to fund lower court costs. A board made up of the Department oflndian Affairs and Indian Government officials should decide on the cases to be funded. The criteria for receiving this money should be able to be more easily available to Indians at the grass roots level before the lower level of court cases mushrooms out of such proportions as we are now expenencmg. The chiefs of this province and across the country need to make the Department oflndian Affairs change its ruling and remind them of their obligations to treaty Indians as servants of the Canadian people to uphold what was agreed to in the beginning of settling of Indian lands. Their obligations include upholding the treaty rights and Indian Act rights from the grass roots level and not after the Indians were dragged through the different levels of courts creating hardships to a lot of Indian people hunting for food. The way it seems is that the Indians have very few allies. With the introduction of the Department's unattainable criteria in test case funding, it has become like the biggest back stabbing of Indian treaties""since Brutus turned on the great Julius Caesar during the time of Roman history. More and more Indian treaties are seriously being pounced upon from all angles. How long can we hold out? NEDP Advisory Board Members Announced Small Business Minister , Andre Bissonnette OTT A WA - Ten new arpointments and five re-appointments to the Native Economic Development Program Advisory Board were announced today by the Honorable Andre Bissonnette, Minister of State (Small Businesses). Re-appointment of Chairman is Mr. Ken Thomas, a Native businessman from Regina who was appointed interim Chairman in August, 1985. Appointed as ViceChairman is Mr. Mark R. Gordon of Montreal who is President of Makivik Corporation. Other new members include: Chief Roger Augustine (New Brunswick), Mr. Yvon Cyrenne (Quebec), Mr. Albert Diamond (Quebec), Mr. Ron Jamieson (Ontario), Ms. Marie Jewell (Northwest Territories) , Ms. Cec McCauly (Northwest Territories), Mr. Bob Pasco (British Columbia), Ms. Muriel Stanley-Venne (Alberta), and Chief Joe Guy Wood (Manitoba). Re-appointment to the Advisory Board are Mr. Walter Twinn (Alberta), Mr. Paul Birckel (Yukon). Mr. Jack Anawak (Northwest Territories), and Mr. Murray Koffler (Ontario). All appointments to the Board are made by Order-in-Council and are for -=t.two year term. Mr. Bissonnette congratulated the out-going Advisory Board members whose term expired on October 31, 1985 for their dedicated service to Aboriginal people and praised their efforts in helping to design and implement a unique program to encourage economic and business development within Canada's Native community. The NEDP has broken new ground in the field of Aboriginal economic development programming'', the Minister said. "It is the only program of of its type open to all Aboriginal people in Canada and where a Nativecontrolled Advisory Board oversees all aspects of the Program's operation'', he added. 6 Mr. Bissonnette said that he wants the Advisory Board to apply strict private sector principles in its assessment of proposals. ''Only projects which have the potential to be commercially viable will help develop long-term Aboriginal economic selfreliance", the Minister said. He added that Aboriginal entrepreneurs who tke the personal risks necessary to make a project succeed will find the NEDP an important source of support. The announcement today brings total Board membership to nineteen. The four other members, who were appointed in August for a similar two year term, are Mrs. Anne Noonan (Ontario), Ms. Rachel Marshall (Nova Scotia), Mr. Zebedee Nungak (Quebec), Mr. Noel Hutton (Newfoundland and Labrador). The Native Economic Development Program is a special initiative administered through the Department of Regional Industrial Expansion that is desiged to assist in the development of Aboriginal self-reliance. Mr. Bissonnette will be meeting with the NED AB on December 9 and 10, 1985. Biographical summaries of Advisory Board members are listed below. �NEDP Advisory Kenneth C. Thomas Mr. Thomas is currentl y a senior executive in a number of Saskatchewan businesses. He is a Program Manager for the Saskatchewan Indian Agriculture Program In c. , President of its wholly-owned subsidiary , Saskatchewan Indian Loan Company Ltd . and President of SIAP Marketing In c. Mr . Thomas is also Chairman of the Board for Chitek Lake Lodge , a partner in Leo Thomas and Sons Farms, and Vice-President of DC Venture Capital Corporation . H e graduated from the University of Saskatchewan with a Bachelor of Science degr ee . Mark R. Gordon (Vice-Chairman) Born in Kuuijuaq , Quebec , Mr. Gordon, has worked on behalf of th e eco nomi c and social interests of the Inuit of Northern Quebec . Among the positions he has held are Chief Negotiator for th e Northern Quebec Inuit Associa tion , Special Advisor to the Federal government on Arctic and Inuit concerns at the Law of the Sea Conference and Executive Director of th e Inuit Tapirisat of Canada . In 1983 Mr . Gordon was elected first Vice-President fo Makivik Corporation and in 1985 was elected its Presid ent . Jack Anawak Born in C heste rfield Inl et , Northwest Territories , Mr. Anawak has served as President of the Inuit Cultural In stitute , as a Board member of the Inuit Tapirisat of Canada and as Vice-President of the K eewati n Inuit Associa tion . H e was named spea ker of the Keewatin R eg ional Council in 1982 . Mr. Anawak has held a numb er of positions in the private sector and is cur rently the Marketing Manager of Northern Purchasing and Expediting Ltd. Roger J. Augustine Mr. Augustine is from the Eel Ground Indi an R eserve , New Brunswick . He graduated irom St. Francis Xavier University in cou nselling and was elected a Band Councillor in 1977 and subse qu ently Chief in 1980. He has served as Chairman of the Advisory Board on Dru g and Alcohol of the Union of New Brunswick Indian s, Dir ecto r of the Eel Ground Drug and Education Pro gram , Member of the District School Board in Newcastle (New Bruswick), and a member of the Board of Directors of the Union of New Brunswick Indi ans. Paul Birckel Born in Burwash Landing , Yukon , Mr. Birckel ha s served as the Executive Director of the Council of Yukon In dians and is currently Chief of the Champagne -Aishihik Band . H e is Pr esiden t of Aishihik Enterprises Ltd., a band owned company involved in trucking, constru ctio n and tourism development and is the owner-manager of Rain bow Business Services Ltd ., which specializes in providing word pro cessing and oth er office services . Yvon Cyrenne Mr. Cyrenne was educated in commerce at the University of Ottawa and is a chart ered accountant. He ha s served as a tax policy expert to clients in both the privat e and public sectors and has been an active member in a number of business associations including the Canadian Chamber of Commerce and Montreal Board of Trade. Currently Mr . Cyrenne is a senior tax partn er in the firm of Ra ymond , Chabot , Martin Par e and Cie of Montreal. Albert W. Diamond Mr. Diamond was born in Rupert House , Quebec and was educated at Trent University. He has worked as an ed ucator and served as Band Manager to the Rupert House Band and Treasurer ofthe Grand Council of the Crees of Quebec . Currently , Mr. Diamond is Interim Director General of the Cree Regional Authority and is President of two companies , Cree Construction Company and Creeco . In addition he is Chairman of the Board of Compensation and Chairman of the Cree Board of Health and Social Services of James Bay . Noel C. Hutton Mr. Hutton is from St. John 's, Newfoundland and has extensive experience in business development and marketing . He has served on several Provincial Royal Commissions and is a former Dire cto r of the Newfoundland and Labrador Development Corporation . He was educated at St. Bonaventure 's College in St. Jofln 's and is currently the owner of several successful packaging businesses . Board Members Ronald L. Jamieson Mr. Jamieson was educated at the Toronto School of Business in Business Administration and is currently an executive in a securities company . He is also the co-owner of a restaurant in Ohsweken , Ontario and President of an investment company . He is a founding member of the National Native Business Summit and a member of its Executive Committee . Marie Jewell Ms . Jewell was born in Fort Smith , Northw est T erritories. She has been active in business and communit y service and has served as Pr esiden t of the Metis Association of Fort Smith and Vice-President of the Metis Association of the Northwe st Territories . Currently, Ms. Jewell serves as a Town Councillor in Fort Smith. Murray B. Koffler Mr. Koffl er is the Chairman Koffler Stores Ltd. which operates the Drug Mart chain of stores. He is currently on the Boa rd of Dir ectors of a number of larg e Canadian companies and has served as a Dire ctor of many social service organizations. Mr. Koffler has receive d num ero us awards for hi s humanitarian work, among th em the Ontario Society for Crippled Children Distri ct Service Citation , 1972 , the Canadian Council of Christians and J ews Humanitari an Award , 1974, and the Ord er of Canada, 1977 . Mr . Koffler is th e founder and Chairman of the Canadian Council for Native Busin ess, a non-profit associat ion designed to prom ote better access by Aboriginal bu siness people to the resou rces and opportunities of the private sector . Muriel Stanley-Venne Ms. Stanley Venne is currentl y General Manager of Settlement Sooniyaw Corporation, a developm ent cor por ation founded to serve the economic and bu sine ss development needs of Metis located in Northern Alberta . She has had extensive expe rien ce in the private sector, servi ng as the manager of community relations with a large multinational cor por atio n and as an execut ive with the Native Outr each Association. Walter Twinn Mr. Twinn is Chief of the Sawridge Band , Slave Lake, Alberta and is Presid ent of the Sawridge Companies . These include Sawridge D evelopment Company ( 1977) . Mr. Twinn is Pr eside nt of the Lesser Slave Lake R egiona l Council and served as the first Pr esiden t of th e Indian Equity Foundation . Joe Guy Wood ,, Chief Joe Guy Wood was born at St. Theresa Point , Manitoba and was educated at the University of Winnipeg . H e has been employed as a community development worker and program coordinator for the Manitoba Indi an Brotherho od . In 1980, he was elected Chief of the St. Theresa Point Band and ha s been active in many social and economic development initiatives including serving as a member on the Advisory Board of the Northern Development Agreement and a member of the Advisory Board of th e Special Agricultural and Rur al Development Agreement. Cec McCauley Born at Fort Norman, Northwest Territories, Ms. McCauley has been active in busin ess development and management. She is Chief of the Dene Band Council and was a founder of the NWT Women's Calition and has served as a Board Member and Advisor to th e Native Court Workers of th e NWT and the Alcohol Counselling and Information Services of Inu vik. Currently, she is a member of the Executive of the Mackenzie Delta Dene R egiona l and a regular columni st for News North. Rachael Marshall Ms . Marshall, from th e Millbrook R eserve in Nova Scotia , was elected Canada's first woman Chief in 1967 . She ha s been very active in many volunt ary services and civ ic activities . In recognition of her community services she has received awar ds from the Native Women 's Association of Nova Scotia and the Town of Truro . She served as Pr esident of th e Senior Citizens Centre , Truro, Nova Scotia from 1975- 1978 . Anne A. Noonan Ms . Noonan is currently a partn er in an Ottawa-based consulting company specializing in program deve lopment and poli cy analysis in the Native affairs field . She has extensive experie nce in the publi c sector through her work with various Government departments including Treasury Board , Indian Affairs and Northern Development and Supply and Services Canada. Ms . Noonan has also served as an advisor to the Assembl y of First Nations and the Ontario Native Women ' s Association. Zebedee Nungak Mr. Nungak is currently co-C hairperson of the Inuit Committee on National Issues . He has extensive experience with Inuit organizations and has served as a resource person for the Inuit Tapirisat of Canada at the 1983 First Ministers ' Conference . He is a founding m em ber of Avataq, the Cultural Institute for the Inuit of Northern Quebec , and is a columnist for Tegralik, a magazine serving the Inuit communities of Northern Quebe c . Bob Pasco Mr. Pasco is a rancher from Aschroft, British Columbia. He has been active in agricultural organizations in cluding serving as President of the Western Indian Agricultural Corporation and Vice-President of the Ashcroft District Rancher's Association . He graduated from Eastern Washington State University with a Bachelor of Arts . Mr. Pasco is a past Director of the Yale Distri ct Credit Union and is currently Chairman of the Nl 'akapxm Nation Tribal Council which repres ents 16 Bands in South Central British Columbia . 7 Marty Bear & Reunion Band Ole Tyme Country Rock Fiddle-music Very versatile band. Call Dwight Peigan 352-0945 Regina �Aboriginal Trappers Federation of Canada company, agency or department might be able afford so that we may plan an education campaign in Canada, the United States, Europe and possibly, Japan . The educational campaign material will consist of pamphlets, books, slide presentations, movie productions that are currently available and other displays for the various functions. Simply, we wish to tell our side of the story! No contributicm is too small. Please direct all inquiries and contributions to: Recent years have seen the intensification of the effort of certain groups of "conservationists" to discontinue both the harvesting and making of wild animal pelts and other products. These efforts have had some success, most notably the banning by the European Parliament on the importation of seal pelts . The Aboriginal Trappers Federation of Canada believes that these developments present a serious threat to the economic, cultural and spiritual wellbeing of native people and communities. There is great potential for the termination of the fur and related harvesting pursuits . The impact on native people would be destructive because traditional harvesting is important to the native economy in most, if not all provinces and territories. This land is home and the harvestable resourc es have always been part of an intricate bond between native people and other elements of existance. Our value system is such that we do not seek to subdue the earth , but to live within the harmony of the great circle of life in which life leads to death which , in turn, creates and sustains life. The appearance of the newcomers opened up new possibilities in rendering this living ' ' on and of the land'' easier in that the bounty we gathered could be traded for new and more durable tools. Yet , it was possible to maintain a connection with those cultural •and spiritual roots which see birds and plants and animals as brothers and sisters, each an element within the great circle of life. It was even possible by these gathering pursuits, to contribute to the wealth of the new nation that was emerging even after the development had reached stages of enterprise of which the native people knew little, having emerged from a culture and way of life with wholly different imperatives of their own. It is in this that whatever remains of the possibility of cultural survival and economic independance largely rests . Now, once again, the evolving sensibility of the now dominant society is denouncing our values and the morality of the harvest. Whatever the merits of those moral arguements are with regard to the internal consistancies of the world view and attendant culture from which they arise, the fact remains that there exists another world view that we regard as equally valuable and that must survive if we are to survive. We can no longer accept the arbitrary definitions of what is right and wrong by people and movements who have historically and continually denied any value to our ways! As in so many aspects of our existance we are now engaged in a struggle with people and ways. The preservation of our right to engage in these economic pursuits reaffirms, for us, our place in the circle of life. We are engaged in the struggle for the right to survive. We need the support from as many people as possible. We are accepting any amount of funding that you , your 8 Aboriginal Trappers Federation Canada 450 Rideau St. 4th Floor OTTAWA, Ont. K1N 5Z4 of or F.S.I.N. 310 - 20th St. East Saskatoon, Sask. S7K 0A7 Salient Facts on Fur Harvesting • A well-developed and conducted harvest by skilled people can be and is respectful of the quarry and helps aleviate the debilitation of natural diseases, etc. and their threat to human beings. • The continuation of the harvest is now seriously threatened by groups of people who have little connection with the land and even less understanding of the complex interrelations of native people and culture with the land and its renewable resources. • The native people of Canada are organizing to answer this threat to their cultural, spiritual and economic survival and independance. • The fur industry was instrumental in the opening and development of the continent to European-generated exploration and development . • The fur resources of the nation are greater now than in the pre- European era due to complex interrelationships of natural propogation, land use and resource management factors . • The fur industry continues to be an important sourc e of wealth in Canada, generating some $600,000,000 to $1 billion annually. The harvest is also an important �ed in tr apping . Th e ca sh ea rn ed is a major sou rce of di spo sable in com e available to these people, their fam ilies and comm uni ties. • T h e invo lve m ent in th is h arvest is, beyon d the econom ic factors, an importa nt element in the cultural and spiritual wellbeing of native people . • Despite the claims of some of the more volatile groups, the technology of trapping is in transition to allow a more human harvest. source of protein in many areas, particularly native communities. I • There are in Canada some 60,000 native people who are actively engag- ''Our peopledo not kill our animal brothers and sistersfor sport'or pleasure. All life is sacred to us. If we are hungry we kill an animal, bird orfish to eat and we thank the great spirit who sent it. We kill only what we need, wasting nothing. Only thoughtless ones boast of killing and only cowards lack considerationfor the life and feelings of all creatures''. 512.9 Million in NEDP Contributions Approved in Principle OTT A WA - The Honorable Andre Bissonnette, Minister of State (Small Businesses) announced today his approval in principle of contributions totalling $12,945,000 under the Native Economic Development Program (NEDP) to four major Aboriginal economic development initiatives. Negotiations will begin with a new, Metis-owned financial institution in Alberta, Settlement Investment Corporation of Edmonton, toward its capitalization through a $4,220,000 NEDP contribution. The profitoriented company intends to offer loans to agricultural and other businesses as well as equity investment and business planning services to the 4,500 residents of the eight Metis Settlements in Northern Alberta which own and operate Settlement Sooniyaw Corporation, sponsor of the new company . It is estimated that over ten years up to 500 new jobs and $16 million in total new investment in the Settlements' economies would be generated as a result of the establishment amd expansion of Metis farms and other businesses using financial services of the corporation. Negotiations toward a $5,750,000 contribution agreement will be gin with the Saskatchewan Indian Equi- ty Foundation of Saskatoon. The con tribution would capitalize the Foundation and enable it to become a selfsustaining, financial institution providing interest-bearing loans and businesses advisory services to commercially viable, Status Indian businesses throughout Saskatchewan. It is estimated that 560 new Indian Businesses could be established over a ten year period creating approximately 2,800 jobs. The Foundation is an independantly managed, economic development agency accountable to the Status Indian population of Saskatchewan through the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations. The Manitoba Indian Agricultural Develoment Corporation of Winnipeg has received approval in principle for a $1,975,000 NEDP contribution. With the completion of a negotiated contribution agreement, the corporation would be capitalized over two years and begin to offer direct loans and loan guarantees to Status Indian farmers in Manitoba for capital purchases and operating costs. By providing these services, the corporation intends to develop viable Indian farms and increase the access of Indian farmers to conventional lending institutions, and providi n g farm credit 9 and extension services. As a result of its financial assistance program, the corporation expects to assist up to 600 Indian farms and attract over $13 million in total new investment to the Indian farm economy in Manitoba over ten years. A $1,000,000 contribution representing 75 % of project costs has been approved in principle to enable the Pehtabun Chiefs Tribal Council of Red Lake, Ontario to establish a company to acquire and operate Sabourin Lake Airways Limited. One-third of the contribution is to be repayable. The company to be formed would be operated on strict commercial principles and be owned by the 3,400 Status Indians of the area. The initiative is expected to generate revenues for re-investment in other businesses and economic development opportunities for the area's Indian population. "These are all imaginative and important enterprises demonstrating the great capability and determination of Aboriginal people to become economically self-reliant,'' Mr. Bissonnette said. He added that the Government of Canada is committed to supporting and encouraging Aboriginal entrepreneurship and that he is delighted that the Native �Economic Development Program is playing a key role in working toward that objective. The NEDP is a special initiative administered through the Department of Regional Industrial Expansion to assist Aboriginal Board composed of a majority of Native people. The Board meets regularly to make recommendations to the Minister on which projects are to receive assistance and advise how the Federal Government programs and policies can be maximized to assist Native enterprises. Mr. Bissonnette met with the Advisory Board at its Ottawa meeting, December 9 and 10, to welcome recently approinted members and to review the operations of the Program. 51 .5 Billion Plan Made for Waterfowl by Barry Wilson OTTAWA (Staff) - The Canadian and American governments are proposing a 15-year, $1. 5 billion plan to protect and increase North American waterfowl numbers. The majority of the money would be spent on the Canadian Prairies to expand the nesting grounds for pintail and mallard ducks. Environment Canada officials say most of the money would go to farmers who co-operate in the effort by protecting marshland and other nesting areas on their land . Nesting grounds for the birds have declined in recent years because of drought and intensive farming practices that have destroyed many traditional nesting grounds and wetlands. The decline of the soil and spread of soil salinity are also seen as problems for the wildlife lobby, which estimates that duck hunters and watchers contribute $1 billion annually to the Canadian economy. But while farming practices are identified in the draft plan as the problem , Canadian Wildlife Service official Jim Patterson said farmers are not being blamed . '' The sector is under pressure and there are reasons, " he said in an interview . " This is not a finger pointing exercise that agriculture is bad. I think this could help both sectors. " One result of the effort could be financial incentives to farmers to convert marginal land back to forage that could accommodate migrating birds. The proposal published for comment last week suggests that 3. 6 million acres of additional prairie land be protected and improved for the ducks. Some of this land is now in grain production even though it is of marginal quality. Farmers will be offered per-acre payments to encourage them to take the land out of grain and to return it to forage or pasture land that could be used by ducks . The $1.5 billion would be contributed by Canadian and American public and private sources and would be administered by a Canada- U.S. committee that would include farm representatives. It would be in addition to an estimated $600 million in spending planned by Ducks Unlimited by the end of the century. Patterson of the Canadian Wildlife Service said drastic action is needed because during the past decade, the Canadian population of mallard and pintail ducks has decreased to less than 5.5 million from 1970's levels of 15 million. ' Part of the program would include increased money to farmers to compensate them for waterfowl damage to their grain crops. It is estimated that $1 billion would be spent on the Canadian Prairies. Three quarters of the money would be raised in the United States and spent in Canada. The American benefit by hunting ducks in Canada and because the birds migrate from Canada into th e United States during the year. Reprinted SIFCsaskatchewan Indian Federated College Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada March 17 - 23, 1986 8th Annual Pow-Wow March 22 - 23, 1986 AgribitionBuilding Regina ExhibitionPark {use Lewvan Drive entrance) ,~i Other Special Activities ~~ )~ ·. • Noon Hour Entertainment • Displays • Children's Activities SIFC • Speaker's Forum 10 by permission of th e Western Produ cer. �Treaty Hunting Rights Protected Simon v. The Queen under the Treaty. These provisions conflict with Simon's '' right to possess a firearm and ammunition in order to exercise his free liberty over the lands covered by treaty." In circumstances where such a conflict arises, "the terms of the treaty prevail.'' This is an exciting decision for Indian hunters across Canada. It recognizes the importance of the treaties and treaty hunting rights which cannot, in certain circumstances, be restricted by provincial legislation. It would now appear that Indians exercising their treaty rights should be at free liberty to do so unrestricted by such provincial legislation as that dealing with the carrying of unregistered firearms, carrying uncased weapons, perhaps loaded firearms, etc., as long as those activities are done in a safe manner. Although the treaty provisions in Saskatchewan are clifferent from those in Nova Scotia and the terms of the Natural Resources Transfer Agreement affect Indian hunting rights in Saskatchewan, the Supreme Court decision in Simon is a positive decision in support of protecting treaty hunting rights from provincial regulations which are in breach of those rights. This decision will be of great assistance to Indian hunters in Saskatchewan in their fight to protect not only their hunting rights but their treaty rights in general. Nov. 21, 1985 Supreme Court of Canada James Simon, a Micmac Indian from Nova Scotia, was convicted under the provincial Lands and Forest Act for possession of a rifle and shotgun cartridges. Simon argued that he was not guilty of the offence based on his right to hunt under the Treaty of 1752 and s. 88 of the Indian Act. The Treaty said that the Micmacs have the "free liberty of hunting and fishing as usual'' and s. 88 provided that provincial laws of general application applied to Indians, subject to the terms of any treaty. Mr. Justice Dickson, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada, for the Court, upheld James Simon's arguements and found not guilty by allowing his appeal. The Supreme Court made the following important findings in allowing the appeal: 1. The Treaty of 1752 was validly created by competent parties with the intention of establishing ''mutually binding obligations which would be solemnly respected.'' 2. The Treaty, as it was worded, constituted a positive source of protection against infringements on hunting rights.'' This supports the view that Indian treaties should be given a "fair, large and liberal construction in favour of the Indians . " 3. There is an implicit right in the Treaty that James Simon '' has the right to possess a gun and ammunition in a safe manner in order to be able to exercise the right to hunt." In other words, a hunting right, to be effective , includes "those activities reasonably incidental to the act of hunting itself. . . '' 4 . An Indian treaty is unique; it is "an agreement sui generis (unique) which is neither created nor terminated according to the rules of international law.'' Once a valid treaty has been entered into, the burden is on the Crown to prove that treaty rights have been validly terminated. Strict proof is required of the fact that a treaty has been extinguished. 5. There was no evidence that Simon was hunting from a highway off the reserve, which would have raised different questions since the Mousseau case forbade this sort of activity under certain circumstances. 6. In order to establish Indian traditional rights, evidence need not be conclusive since Indians did not keep written records and their traditions were oral in nature. 7. Where terms of a treaty come into conflict with federal legislation, the federal laws prevail "subject to whatever may be the effect of s. 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982." This raises for the first time the suggestion thats. 35, which protects ' ' existing treaty rights'', might prevail over even federal legislation. This issue was not pursued further by the Court. 8. The provincial law, although designed to promote the preservation of wildlife by placing seasonal limitations and licencing requirements on the rigltt to possess a rifle and ammunition, tries to restrictJames Simon's right to hunt HUNTING RIGHTS IN _B.C. REJECTED Arthur Dick v. The Queen (October 31, 1985) (Supreme Court of Canada) Arthur Dick was a non-treaty Indian member of the Alkali Lake Band in B.C. who was charged with killing a deer out of season without a permit contrary to the provincial Wildlife Act. Arthur Dick killed the deer for food on traditional hunting grounds off the reserve. He argued that the provincial law impaired his status and capacity as an Indian and was invalid because only the Federal Government could regulate with respect to Indians under s. 91(24) of the Constitution Act, 1867 (formerly the B .N.A. Act, 1867). He also argued that provincial laws , if they were of general application, do not become part of the federal law under s. 88 of the Indian Act. The Supreme Court supported his conviction in this case. Mr. Justice Beetz , speaking for the Court , found that the B.C. Wildlife Act was a law of general application which applied to Arthur Dick by its own force, or even if it did not affect him as an Indian, this law became part of the federal law by '' referential incorporation '' under s. 88 of the Indian Act. The same basic approach was taken in the Jack and Charlie case . Jack and Charlie v. The Queen (October 31, 1985) (Supreme Court of Canada) The two accused were Coast Salish Indians who were charged with hunting deer out of season contrary to the Wildlife Act of B. C. The deer had been killed for use in 11 �of the Indian Act or of its own force. This provincial legislation applied so long as it did not '' impair the status and capacities of the accused asindians. '' They concluded that there was no evidence from which it could be inferred that the Wildlife Act was directed against Native persons in any unfair or discriminatory way. Neither was there any evidence that the legislation impaired the status and capacities of the accused as Indians. The Jack and Charlie and Dick cases can be distinguished on several grounds. First, they involved hunting in an area not covered by treaty. Secondly, the accused in B. C. were hunting in an area not covered by the Natural Resources Transfer Agreement which specifically recognizes that Indians can hunt at all seasons of the year as long as they are hun4ng for food and on land to which they have a right of access. Thirdly, the court was careful to point out that the incident occurred before the Charterof Rights and Freedomswas proclaimed. Perhaps the religious arguement could be raised again as a breach of the Charter provisions. Although the Jack and Charlie case and the Dick case did not result in favourable decisions in support of Indian rights, they bare limited to their own facts. The Simon case recognizes the protection provided Indian hunters covered by treaties. Probably , much of the reasoning in the B.C. cases would not apply to hunters in Saskatchewan. Fotunately, the Supreme Court still recognizes the importance of the treaties. an ancient religious ceremony involving the burning of raw deer meat. The accused argued that the Act should not apply to them as it interfered with their fre~clo~ of religion; that in interfering with their religion the legislation affected their Indianness by purporting to regulate the accused qua Indians (which provincial legislation couldn't do); and hunting went to the root of their culture and way of life so that its prohibition affected them qua Indians. It should also be noted that the incident occurred before the Charterof Rights and Freedomswas proclaimed. None of the lower courts in B.C. supported the Indians' · arguements and upon appeal to the Supreme Court, the unanimous judgement of the Court was to dismiss the appeal. They held that the Wildlife Act 'sprohibition of killing deer raised no question as to freedom of religion or the practice of an aboriginal religion . There was no suggestion that the deer were killed as part of a ceremony or that the Act interfered with or prohibited the Indians' religious practices which could be carried out with deer meat kept in storage. In other words , the hunting itself was not a religious practice but merely a motive for obtaining the meat to proceed with a religious ceremony. The arguement that the hunting went to the root of Indian culture and any legislation which prohibited hunting was inapplicable if it affected Indians qua Indians was dismissed . They found that following the reasoning in an earlier Supreme Court decision, Kruger and Manuel,(1978) 1 S.C.R. 104, the Wildlife Act was a law of general application and applied to Indians under s. 88 WINTER/SPRING 1986 ROUND DANCE DATES AND LOCATIONS February 14, t 986 February 14, t 986 February t 4, t 986 Hobbema, Alberta-Bull Reserve Witchekan Lake, SK. Thunderchild, SK. February 2 1 , 1986 February 2 t , 1986 February 2 t , 1986 Sweetgrass (Pooyak's) Hobbema Ministikwan February 28, 1986 Onion Lake (cowboy) March 1 , 1986 March 1, 1986 Onion Lake, SK. (wedding) Little Pine, SK. (cowboy) March 2, 1986 Thunderchild, SK. March 29, 1986 Sturgeon lake 12 �The Saskatchewan Indian 2nd Floor, 310 - 20th St. East Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7K OA7 I am enclosing $21.00 by cheque or money order for a one -year subscription Please send the newsmagazine to: Name : _________________________ _ Treaty No .: __________ Address: _ Band :__________ _________________________ L ______________ . _ _ Postal Code: ___________ _ ~ 13 �PROVINCIAL Gabriel Dancers to Perform at Expo '86 Stewart Greyeyes(Mu skeg Lake) of the Gabriel Dancers performing before the appreciative audience. The Gabriel Dancers, a group of Indian and Metis teenagers have been selected to perform before a world au dience at Expo 86 this summer. They are all students in Saskatoon but hail from across the province. Ron Camponi and Judy Lemaronde organized and tutored two groups last year, the teenagers and another younger set. Their performance includes jigging, Drops of Brandy and the Duck Dance among others. They have performed all year in schools, public events and cultural gatherings. The youngsters have worked all year juggling school, practise and performances. Sharon Rope , a student at the Indian Teacher Education Program assisted with supervising and transportation while other parents Caroline Miller and Geraldine Greyeyes helped with practise and taught new dances. When tryouts commenced, Camponi envisioned adults forming the group. He said: " But let's face it. Kids are better dancers. ' ' The group includes Mitch Miller , Stewart Greyeyes, Jody Wuttunee , Laurie Baldhead, Darcy Camponi, Melinda Miller, Sheldon Chic.pose and Tania Cam poni. The philosophy of the Saskatchewan Expo 86 Corporation was to assemble a showcase which reflected the ethnic mosaic of the province. A total of 250 applications of top calibre solo performers and groups were received by the Corporation. Selections were extremely difficult in view of the talent displayed. The Saskatchewan pavillion will also include 25 artisans and craftsmen selling their products. This is a first for Saskatchewan. Corporation President Gordon Staseson said: "The showcase will have two components, a continuous variety show will be presented daily (May - October) and will be augmented by a core cast production with a Saskatchewan theme specifically written and produced for the Expo 86 stage.'' GabrielDancers - Back row: Cary Gaddie, Sheldon Chicouse,Harry Glover. Front row: Dorthea Glover, Lisa Gariepy, Judy Wuttunee, Melinda Miller and Nancy Laplante. 14 �INAC's Indian University Scholarship Award by Cathy Buburuz INAC's annual awards to Saskatchewan's top Indian university students were presented at the Saskatoon district office on December 18, 1985. The scholarships, valued at five hundred dollars each, not only recognize individual achievement, but serve to promote an awareness of Indian success in the non-Indian community. To qualify for the scholarship students must be enrolled in a fulltime accredited university program. The selection of candidates rests with the department's review committee and the final decisions are based on the students grade point average. Wil Sinclair, regional superintendent of the post seconday education program, presented the awards to the following students who achieved the highest standards in their respective programs: • Garnet Eyahpaise, a member of the Beardy' s & Okemasis Band, Indian Teacher Education Program, University of Saskatchewan; • Blaine Favel, a member of the Poundmaker Band, College of Education, University of Saskatchewan; • Adelle Iron, a member of the Canoe Lake Band, Indian Teacher Educa- tion Program, University of Saskatchewan; • Brian Kiskotagan, a member of the Red Pheasant Band, College of Commerce, University of Saskatchewan; • Iris Loewen, a member of the Flying Dust Band , College of Education, University of Saskatchewan; • Leanne Poitras, a member of the Muscowpetung Band , College of Arts and Sciences, Sa~katchewan Indian Federated College; and, • Laurie Peyachew, a member of the Red Pheasant Band, College of Commerce, University of Saskatchewan. Wasikaw Pisim Conference society in the field of health. Native health professionals are now voicing their destiny and strengths. We have deep respect for our Elders and they, too, played a key roll in the success of the conference,'' Ms. Isbister said. Guest speakers included Maria Campbell, · Verna St. Denis, Allan Genereaux, Paul · Severight, Evie Smith, and Elsie Kerestes. Although the topics of discussion focussed mainly on solutions to problems in the Native community, it was agreed by many that the difficulties are shared by the whole of society. During a dicsussion led by Allan Genereaux, conferenceparticipants agreedthat programs are needed to educate those affected by alcoholism. submitted by Indian and Northern Affairs Canada The Wasikaw Pisim Conference, held at the Regina General Hospital on October 10-11, 1985, provided a forum to address current issues and concerns related to Native health care. Sponsored by the hospital's W asikaw Pisim Native Counselling Services (formerly Awasis Atoskewin), the conference was the second of its kind held in Saskatchewan. The theme of the two-day event, '' Our Endeavours: The Strengths of Our People,'' attracted 80 people from across Canada and the United States. The participants attended workshop sessions on Drug Addiction, Suppression and Oppression, Alcoholism, Suicide, Sex Abuse and Child Abuse, and Wife Battery. Lillian Isbister, the co-ordinator of Native Services at the Regina General Hospital, said the success of the conference was due mainly to the expertise and wisdom shared by Native speakers, and the positive interaction and feedback, at the conference workshops. ''Our Indian values were respected and through our discussions we were able to let other professionals and the community know that Native people, working with Native families, do make a difference in the delivery of services. As a changing agent within the institutions, we work as ambassadors within the Native community and we have a lot to offer 15 Guest SpeakerPaul Severightsaid, '' Reaching thosepeoplewho contemplatesuicide, while they are still ambivalent, is an important task. '' �S.I.E.D.C. - Economic Development Strategies Project is Now Underway The Saskatchewan Indian Economic Development Commis. sion is pleased to announce that they have signed a contract with the Department of Regional Industrial Expansion Special ARDA Program to provide support for continued economic planning and research. The S.I.E.D.C. has already completed a major document on province wide strategies for economic development. This new agreement will allow for districts to become involved in this process as well as formulate their own plans for economic development at that level. A careful review of the Phase I report reveals that the objectives set out have been successfully attained. The S.I.E .D.C . now has a document which pro vides a data base on the cur•,ren t status of Indian economic development and the economic conditions which are experienced by Indian people. It also provides an analysis of prospects in the provincial economy on a sectoral basis and an analysis of the potential for Indian people to access those opportunities. Moreover, the report details current economic development strategies at the regional level and indicates future directions in strategy development. Finally, the report contains district profiles which detail the consultation process with the districts , indicate the The Saskatchewan directions they are taking , and reveal the choices they ha ve made related to development in specific sectors . Earlier work on the project yielded a listing of specific projects and opportunities that have been considered by individual bands. One of the primary tasks involved in Phase II will be to relate the evolving district strategies to the opportunities identified at the band level. One of the important outcomes of the Phase I work was the identification of the differences in strategy development and the development of district economic development institutions at the district level. Clearly, there are some districts which have fairly detailed economic development strategies in place while others have just begun the process. The Phase II work plan attempts to recognize these differences while continuing to address the original goals and objectives for the project. Without the full involvement of the District Chiefs Councils or district economic development corporation , any strategies that might be produced run the risk of receiving limited support and backing from the district. For this reason, S.I .E.D.C. is negotiating agreements with each of the districts to carry out the work on their behalf . One of the conditions that will have to be attached to the agreements with the districts is the requirement of sharing information. In districts where the work involves detailed strateg y development , this will not be an issue . In districts where they are proposing to carry out sectoral or specific opportunity analysis, it might pose some problems . As indicated in the Phase I report, some districts are hesitant to reveal their detailed or specific plans for policy and business reasons. The S. I.E. D. C. proposes that the detailed plans made available as a consequence of or derived from Phase II not be revealed to other districts without the specific consent of the originating district. Of course , at the very least, outlines of the district plans will have to be made available to the Commission and Special ARDA for the purposes of the final report. Co-ordinating the efforts of seven participating district organizations in an attempt to meet priorities established at the regional level is not an easy task. Nonetheless , the S.I.E.D.C. believes that the proposed project structure and organization can accomplish this task while allowing the districts to establish their own priorities. They will be meeting with each of the districts during the last week of January to finalize arrangements. The start up dates for all district projects is February 1, 1986. Indian Languages Institute by S.I.L.I. Staff making these available in the form of printed books • to train Indian language curators to conduct the taping, transcribing and storing of these texts • to train Indian language teachers • to train Indian language specialists • to develop Indian language teaching materials: text books, tapes, teachers' manuals, workbooks and readers The Saskatchewan Indian Languages Institute emerged from the Saskatchewan Indian Languages Program in May, 1985 with a new Director, a new mandate, a new administrative structure and some new staff members. The staff of the S.I.L.I. presently includes: • Fre~a Ahenakew, Director • Smith Atimoyoo, Elder • Shirley Fredeen Van Vliet, Researcher Developer • Barbara McLeod, Researcher Developer • Judy Smallchild , Secretary • Lorna MacDonald, Linguist The principle objectives of the Institute are as follows: • to preserve the Indian languages of Saskatchewan • to preserve the wisdom of the elders, by recording traditional stories, historical texts, myths and legends, and by Despite severe · shortages in staff and in funding, the staff at the Institute is well on the way to meeting these objectives. Teachers' manuals, student workbooks and readers have been completed for both Cree and Saulteaux from Kindergarten to Grade Three. Picture card sets, audiotapes, a song book, and a revised university level textbook have also been developed. All of these materials are available for sale through the Institute. 16 �During the summer of 1985, four summer students were hired to write and illustrate children's stories. To help them in their work , these students were able to attend a Workshop on Children's Literature, conducted by Jessica Latshaw and Susan Schneider for Institute staff and students. The students completed twelve stories, which will soon be edited and printed. In the past several months, members of the Institute staff have attended a number of conferences dealing with both language teaching and linguistics, and have presented papers at these conferences. In addition, Freda Ahenakew received funding from the University of Manitoba which enabled her to travel to Winnipeg and complete the final editing and the glossaries for two Cree publications, kiskinahamawakan-acimowinisa and waskahikanowiyiniwacimowina . The first has been published and is available for sale through the Institute; the second is at the printers. Smith Atimoyoo has spent time travelling throughout the province in order to do the fieldwork necessary for the various functions he performs at the Institute. From its inception in 1972, the Saskatchewan Indian Languages Program has been offering university level courses to Indian language instructors throughout the province. Most of these instructors do not yet have their B.Ed. degrees, and upgrading them to this level has become a major goal of the S.I.L.I. To this end, three six-credit courses were delivered by Institute staff in the summer of 1985 to thirty-five Indian language instructors; these courses were Cree 120, Linguistics 110, and Edind 365. In the fall of 1985, two additional courses have been offered at the Institute, English 90 and Indian Studies 100. A group of langu~ge instructors from communities throughout Saskatchewan have been coming to Saskatoon for one week each month to attend classes. For the remaining three weeks every month, these instructors are able to remain in their communities and continue their own teaching duties. In this way, their employment is not interrupted as they are upgraded towards a B.Ed. degree. Beginning in January 1986, two more courses will be offered, Math 90 and Indian Art 100. The language instructors served by the S.I.L.I. require a teacher training program with specialization in the following four areas: • the Indian language to be taught (Cree , Saulteaux, Dene, Assinboine or Dakota) • methods of teaching Indian languages • linguistics • Indian studies Since there is no one University in Saskatchewan offering a B.Ed. degree with specialization in all four areas, the Saskatchewan Indian Langllages Institute is establishing a B.Ed. program through an existing institution, the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College at the University of Regina. •Future plans of the Institute include offering a more advanced level of teacher training to accommodate those language instructors who are further along in their programs. It is expected that this will begin in June 1986. The teacher training program, though still in its infancy , has received enthusiastic support from both the bands and the language instructors. To encourage a high level of academic achievement among those students participating in the program, the Institute will be awarding an annual scholarship, the Ida McLeod Memorial Scholarship, which has a value of $1,000 . This scholarship is dedicated to the memory of the late Mrs. Ida McLeod, the founder of the Saskatchewan Indian Languages Program , as a tribute to her dedication to preserving the Indian languages of Saskatchewan. Great Plains Dance Troupe to Perform at Expo JBS BACK ROW :_L to R ; Ronald McNab, Trevor Ewak , Daryle Goodwill , Tim Rosebluff , Henry Beaudry , Patrick McNab , Walter Bull, Roy Bison .MIDDLE ROW : L to R · Suzette Bull Lisa Ewak, Tina Bull, Irene Goodwill , Frank Merasty, Clayton Daniels, Hazei Ahenakew , 'Ruth Bull , Tina Dar:1iels, Lind~ Standing .TJIIRD ROW : L to R ; Atchak Ahenakew , Kishe y Ah enakew , Chrissy Goodwill .FRONT ROW : Kneeling ; T erran ce Goodwill , D ennis Morrison Jr ., R yan McNab, Kelly Daniels . 17 The Great Plains Dancers, a troupe selected to perform at Expo ' 86 in Vancouver will perform a variety of traditional Indian dances . Children , always crowd pleasers, will perform in each category. Participants of the group are the best professional traditional dancers in Saskatchewan , many of whom have performed throughout the world. The Plains Cree , Saulteaux , Dakota and Assiniboine tribes are all represented in the troupe , ranging from 2 ½ to 71 years old. Battle Creek from Red Pheasant, provide the singing and drumming. A unique feature of the group is the educational fromat of their performance. Each dance is accompanied by the history and purpose of it's performance and the regalia worn through narrator, Eric Tootoosis. This can �evoke highly colorful images as well as bring history alive. In this way, participants are living their celebration of life in their traditional way as well as promoting cross-cultural awareness. This uniqueness of the group has led to other projects. Videos and tapes have been made for the educational purposes and the coord in a tor of the group, Tyrone Tootoosis in conjunction with staff from the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College _are also planning a book and brochures of the performers who number between 29 - 34 . •The Cultural College is a sponsor of the troupe which fulfills their objective of cross-cultural awareness. Tyrone views Expo '86 as an opportunity to expand beyond the borders of Canada and will be making contacts there to promote the troupe to the international level. The following are brief descriptions of the dances the troupe performs. Grande Entry This kicks off all afternoon and evening programs and serves to introduce the Canadian and American flags as well as honor the eagle staffs, war veterans, elders, princesses, organizers and participants. lnter-Tribals This dance and song unites all tribes and nations heedless of borders , therefore any participanting drum can sing. Gifts are exchanged to honor participants. The Crow Hop A traditional dance of the Cree tribe, this dance has a slow heavy beat which can change to a more rapid beat at the whim of the drummers. The surprise factor makes it valuable for cometitive dancing, but it is also used in inter-tribal dancing. The Shake Dance This is originally a dance of the Blackfoot Prairie Chicken Society so it imitates the prairie chicken during breeding season. Often used interchangeably with the crow hop in contests, the objective is that the total regalia - leathers, bells, beadwork, etc. not remain stationary . Primarily used in male competition and requires total body movement. Hoop Dance This dance represents a warrior sneaking on an enemy's camp. The hoops are symbolic of how the warrior reaches his destination and may vary in number and sizes . The Owl Dance A social dance much like the waltze shows the European influence. The women choose a partner. Both dancers face the same direction, one arm around each other and hands joined in front. When music changes, the couple make a complete turnaround (circle) and proceed. The Round Dance The Plains Cree received this dance from the Assiniboine which involved joining hands in a circle and shuffling sideways in a clockwise circle . This was originally held during times of sickness but has evolved into a social dance , to offer friendship. Solos One dancer will catch the eye of the audience and the public will request a solo encore, in exchange for a gift. Great Plains Dancers use this opportunity to demonstrate a comparison of how the dance has changed and evolved over the years. Team Dancing Three or four dancers of the same sex perform a synchronized perfor- 18 mance although dress may differ. This is a popular dance at pow-wows. Great Plains Dance Troupe Mr. Henry Beaudry - Eagle Staff carrier, World War Two V eteren, Traditional Dancer. Mens' Traditional Walter Bull - Little Pine, Patrick McNab Gordons, Timothy Rosebluff - Muskopetung Mens' Fancy Dance Roy ''Crazy Horse ' ' Bison Whitebear, Ronald McNab - Gordons, Frank M~rasty - Sturgeon Lake, Tyrone Tootoosis Poundmaker Ladies' Fancy Dance Irene Goodwill - Nikaneet, Lisa Ewak - Whitebear , Tina Bull - Red Pheasant, Suzy Bull - Little Pine Junior Girls' Fancy Rae Dawn Bison - Whitebear Junior Boys' Grass Dance Junior Ryan McNab - Gordons , Clayton Daniels - Sturgeon Lake Mens' Grass Dance Gerald Baptiste - Red Pheasant , Trevor Ewak - Whitebear , Darrel Goodwill - Nikaneet Ladies' Traditional Ruth Bull - Little Pine , Tina Daniels - Sturgeon Lake, Linda Standing - Whitebear, Hazel Ahenakew - Sandy Lake Junior Girls' Traditional Kishy Ahenakew - Sandy Lake, Sekwun Ahenakew - Sandy Lake , Christy Goodwill - Nikaneet, Carla Standing - Whitebear Junior Boys' Fancy Terrence Goodwill - Nikaneet , Junior Hoop Dancers Beamer Morrison - Ochapowace , Kelly Daniels - Sturgeon Lake . �SIFC Annual Report PRESIDENT'S REPORT We're on the move! For SIFC, 1986 will be an important year as we will be celebrating its 10th Anniversary: 1976 to 1986. To our young people, ten years may seem like a long time. However, for many of us , especially our Elders, ten years is like yesterday. And in such a short time, we have come a long way. The College owes its success to many people . But none were more important than the Elders and leaders who had a dream - a dream that we could control our own college, our own destiny. Today , that dream is reality. SIFC is unique: it is the only Indian controlled institution in Canada , offering degree programs. The struggle was not easy . Their dream went against the prevailing attitude of governments and others at the time . Nevertheless, our Elders and leaders kept on and found other people who shared their dream. Eventually, we found a home at the University of Regina. And as noted in our Chairman's remarks, the University has not only provided moral but also financial support. For this we are thankful. More important , we are thankful to our Elders and leaders who persevered in what some people thought was an impossible dream. They persevered and they won. The success we see today is the result of that dream. One out of every four students going to university in Canada attends the SIFC. Because of the College , Saskatchewan bands have the highest per capita percentage of students attending university in Canada. We have students from over 50 Saskatchewan bands attending the SIFC. Our academic success is reflected not only in our increased retention of our students but also in the excellence of our graduates. To date over 250 have graduated from the College. Many are nw leaders in their own communities , and as part of our 10th Anniversar y celebrations we will form the SIFC Alumni Association. The struggle, however , is far from over. The College continues to strive for academic excellence. To achieve this goal several obstacles must be overcome. First , our financial situation must be resol ved. While we are one of the fastest growing in North America ( our enrollment increased by 19 percent this fall over last winter). our funding from the federal and provincial governments has not kept pace with this dramatic and unexpected increase. Since 1976 , when we first opened our doors , we have grown from our initial enrollment of nine to 53 7 students registered this Fall semester. We also provide instruction to another 300 students who are not formally registered full-time with the College but take our classes. This past spring, for example, we had 60 Band Welfare Administrators attend an accredited training program. In order to survive, SIFC must achieve financial parity with other universities and colleges. Unless its funding problems are resolved, the College will be unable to meet not only future enrollments, but alsb the ever-increasing demands placed on SIFC by our communities. The second obstacle the College must overcome is the defecit it has accumalated over the years as a result of under-funding. To putitself ona sound financial footing, SIFC must meet this debt. The Board of Governors will continue to take action to address this problem. Third, in order to enhance the offering of quality Indian education in a proper academic environment, the College must provide better facilities for both students and staff on our Regina and Saskatoon campuses. At present we have over 130 students and eight staff in Saskatoon crowded into an office building. This 1s unacceptable. ' As you can see, much work still has to be done. In regards to our academic direction the majority of our students are either in the Faculty of Arts, Social Work or Education. We have few students in management and administration or the sciences. The Board has set a priority to address these two areas. Towards this end , the College is in the process of enhancing our Indian Management and Administration program by adding a Business School component. It is also in the process of developing an Indian Health Careers program designed to get more of our people into the health professions. In addition, over the next few years , we hope strengthen our Faculty of Science. Other areas where we want to become involved in the future, are Human Services (i.e . Child and Family Services), Graduate Studies , an Indian Justice program, and programs supporting the traditional livelihoods of hunting , fishing, trapping and agriculture. We ' re on the move! However, the first step in building for the future is to pause and relfect our past. Our 10th Anniversary provides us with the opportunity to do just that. With this in mind , your comments and suggestions would be suggested. It is your College! We've come a long way from the dream espoused by our Elders and leaders. To show you just how far we have come , I would like to provide you brief highlights of our accomplishments this past year. Del C. Anaquod President HIGHLIGHTS • SIFC experienced a 19 % enrollment increase over Winter '84. • SIFC graduated a total of 34 students during the Spring and Fall of ' 85. • SIFC graduated its first student in Indian Communication Arts. • The SIFC Act passed its Second Reading at the Winter ' 85 Chiefs Legislative Assembly. • SIFC - the only Canadian Indian Institution to be accepted as a member of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium (AIHEC) which represents 18 tribally controlled colleges in the United States. 19 �• The College was successful in securing funding to launch its new Health Careers Program. • 55 Band Welfare Administrators completed a Band Welfare and Family Service Workers Training Course . The students took two Indian Social Work Classes over a four month period at St. Peter's College Residence in Munster, Saskatchewan. Participants in the program were given one week off each month by their bands to attend . • The Department of Indian Management and Administration offered its second annual "Summer Institute in Public Administration' ' . Again, the course, because of an over demand, had to limit its enrollment to 26. It attracted Band Administrators from B.C. , Alberta , Manitoba , Ontario and Saskatchewan. • Once again, the College's Annual Cultural Week attracted 7,000 people to its two day Pow-Wow and another 2,000 people participated in regular events such as the Children's Events and the Prairie Classic Basketball Tournament. • The College initiated preliminary plans to officially form an Alumni Association . • The Indian Art Department hosted an international meeting of Indian Artists in post-secondary teaching. Artists came from as far away as Buffalo , New York . • The SIFC and the Nursing Faculty of the University of Saskatchewan will be offering a nine week Nursing Institute modelled on the Program of Legal Studies for Native People. The Indigenous People's Access to Nursing Program will be offered in the summer of 1986. • Ho Qun, the first student from Inner Mongolia , Peoples' Republic, China, to attend a Western institution, began his second year of studies Indian Studies at the College. • The Department of Indian Communication Arts, compiled, edited and produced its own workbook for use in the classroom by INCA students. • Cultural Camp - Social Work 352 was held at the Mistawasis Reserve. The camp was a success. It was also the largest camp ever with app:roximately 90 people, including Elders, 25 students, and their families. • Two second year students of the Department of Indian Social Work completed their four month practicum with Mapuch Indians at the lndigeous Institute of Temuco, Chile, South America. • Oliver Brass, Associate Professor in our Department of Indian Studies received his doctoral degree at the University of Regina in the Spring Convocation. He was the only person to do so out of 1,000 graduates. • Blair Stonechild, Head of our Department of Indian Studies was elected President of the Canadian Indian/Native Studies Association, and Bill Asikinack, Assistant Professor was elected Secretary-Treasurer. • The Department of Indian Studies was successful in developing a new progam. Bachelor of Arts Honour (Individual) in Indian Studies is now an option available for Indian Studies majors. • The Department of Indian Studies has completed a survey of community support irr Regina. Of 890 Indian/Native respondents, 87 % are in support of an In- dian Controlled High School. In a random telephone survey of 100 Reginians, 66 % said yes. • 1120 items were added to the SIFC Library this year , this included books, video-cassettes, records and other printed items. • For the period Fall 1984 to Fall 1985 the Department of Continuing Education/Extension has offered a total of 58 classes off campus on such reserves as - Cote, Beardy's, Little Pine, Ochapowace , Red Earth , Peepeekisis , Poorman, and Sturgeon Lake as well as in the communities of La Ronge , Fort Qu' Appelle and Munster . • For the Fall 1985 Semest er there are 115 students in off-campus programs and classes . • The Beardy's full-time teacher training program began its third year with 11 students cu~;ently doing their internships. • The Peepeekisis full-time teacher training program began its third year with 12 students currentl y doing their internships. • The Sturgeon Lake full-time teacher training program began its second year with 18 students. • Peter C. Newman , internationally renowned author , columnist , and former editor of Maclean's joined the College as Special Professor. • John Munro , former Minister oflndian Affairs, joined the SIFC as Special Professor. • John Tootoosis, well known Elder and Indian Statesman, has joined the College as a Special Professor. • Dr. David Ahenakew, former National Chief of the Assembly of First Nations and former Chief of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, has joined the SIFC as a Special Professor. • Chief Solomon Sanderson of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, has joined the staff as a Special Professor to speak at student and public forums. • The SIFC, under the FSIN was instrumental in initiating an International Agreement with the First Nations of Central America, namely CORPI (the Cordinadora Regional De Pueblos endiors) for the exchange of expertise, information and support. • High Commissioners of Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Nicaragua, and New Zealand, visitors from Chile and delegations from China visited the SIFC to learn of our developments and how these could be applied to the educational needs of their Indigenous populations. • The Executive Director of CUSO and the Chairman of OXFAM Canada visited the College to learn more of our developments. Both are interested in getting SIFC involved in Third World overseas projects. • CUSO contracted the SIFC to conduct a study on training needs for Indigenous peoples in the Caribbean. The November, '84 recommendations of former Chief Tom McKenzie and Bill Logan, Acting Department Head of Indian Management and Administration are being implemented. Bill Logan and Dan Bellegarde, President of the Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technologies (former SICC) will be attending a working meeting in November '85. 20 �• Delegations from six communit y colleges from Alberta and Saskathchewan visited SIFC to learn of the College ' s developments. • Stephanie Rogers , Communications Officer, was invited to attend the 12th World Festival of Youth and Students in Moscow , U.S.S.R. in July , 1985. • Following our international agreements with different minorities institutions in China , the Central Institution of Nationalities in Peijing has accepted an invitation from SIFC to send one of their academic staff members to lecture the SIFC students on national minorities policies in China. This visit will take place in the fall of 1986. of the College's growing national reputation , our out of province student enrollment has increased by over 80 % . Through strong financial direction established by the Board of Governors, the College for the first time in its history has stopped the continual rise of our deficit of five hundred and fifty (550) thousand which has been accumulating since the inception of the College. At this time the Board is pleased to announce that SIFC has received core funding under a one year agreement with the federal government. The Board authrotized payment of the five hundred and fifty (550) thousand to the University of Regina. At this time we take the opportunity to extend our sincere appreciation to the University of Regina for its upport in carrying our deficit over the years. The Board also set aside two huoored (200) thousand as its contribution to the establishment of the Joseph Stauffer Endowment Fund. The fund was created from a bequest of six hundred (600) thousand from the estate of Joseph Stauffer, a man who had a lifelong interest in the Indian peoples of Canada. The College through the Board will use the interest monies accumulated on the principle of the fund on a yearly basis for SIFC initiatives . Once again, this year has proven to be exceptional for the College's growth and maturation. Roland Crowe , Chairman of the SIFC Board of Go vernors SIFC ANNUAL REPORT CHAIRMAN'S REPORT To the Indian People of Saskatchewan: On behalf of the Board of Governors, I am pleased to present our Annual Report for 1984-85. The College continues to expand into new areas , as we actively affirm our ongoing commitment to evolving an institution of academic excellence which serves the educational needs of our students and the Bands. This year we have seen numerous developments in all of our program areas and we are actively pursuing several new fronts in our mandate. The College has experienced a 19 % growth in enrollment over the 1984 Winter Semester. In addition , because RNWA Housing Project to be Finished in Time by Martha lronstar The $1.5 million RWNA (Regina Nati ve Women ' s Association) housing project at Fifth Avenue and Pasqua Street will be completed on schedule and within budget - and likely for the owner it was intended , Calder Hart President, of the Saskatchewan Housing Corporation, said in an interview recently. That owner is the Regina Native Women's Association. Earlier this month Hart said he would delay transferring ownership of the 24-unit complex until the 14-yearold-organization dealt with staff, financial and political problems that became obvious this fall. Some of the conflicts between the R WN A were settled last weekend with the election of new President, Caroline Goodwill and Board of Directors. Theresa Stevenson was elected Vice-President and Victoria McCallum was elected Treasurer. Norma Welsh will continue to se·rve out her term as Secretary. But the Association is still having its financial affairs reviewed to clear up any questions of theft by staff or board members. In the meantime , ' 'things are back on the rail" with the project , Hart said. He expects families to move into the condominium-like development by mid-January and that the Native women will be managing the complex. ' ' I believe in their capacity to do a good job," Hart said. Though the native women will be managing the building, there is still some question as to whether the Association will be named the owner, as was the plan when the project was initiated last December, he said. 21 SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN FEDERATED COLLEGE MAY 1985 Acoose . Bertha At1moyoo. Sandra Badger. Barbara Ba ldhead . w,11,am Bird . Irma Caisse . Don s Cuth and . Eileen Flett . Mavis Goodwill . Ro sella Greyeyes . Donna Kingfisher . Donna Linklater . Lynd on Longman Mary McLeod . Loui sa Opwam Irvin Pattras . Mane Alma Ra ll . Donna Ratt . Solomon Rogers . Stephanie B ISW BI w C ISW CISW BIS W C ISW C IS W C I SW BISW B I sw B ISW C I SW C I SW C ISW C ISW Sak1may Little Pine s M1stawas1s One Arrow Saskatoon La Range Little Pine Pegu1sReserve . Mani toba Standing Bulfalo Muskeg Lake Sturgeon Lake Couch1chmg Re serve . Ontario Gordon Jame s Sm ith Sweetgras s BA BA BA B.A Peepeek1s1s BFA LaRonge LaRonge Ch ipp ewas o l Sarn,a Band Cert Ind Comm Arts Stand1ngready . M anon Simms . Michelle Wolle . Marilyn B ISW BA BISW OCTOBER Ahenakew . Franees Ontario Whtie Bear Reg ina M1stawas1s 1985 Ch1ckeness . Darlene Goodwill . Irene N1ghttrave ller . Zella Opekokew . Mary Rose Ro per . Ma rgaret Royal. Cec,ha Sh1ngoose. Connie Thoma s . Eileen CISW CI.SW B. Ed El (Ind) C ISW BISW B.ISW C ISW CIS.W BI S.W ' B.A B.I.S .W B.F .A B.Ed El (Ind) C.I.S.W . Ce rt. Ind Comm . Art s Bachelor o l Arts Bac he lor ol Indian Social Work Bachelor ol Fine Arts Bachelor ol Edu ca tion (Indian Edu ca tion) Cert1f1cate m Indian Social Work Cert11tcate 1n Indian Communicallon Art s Sandy Lake Poundmaker N1kanee1 Llll le Pine Canoe Lake Nut Lake Moo se Woods Cote �REGIONAL PRINCE ALBERT DISTRICT Mayor Norman Nat eweyes by Deanna Wuttunee SANDY BAY Some 300 members of the Sandy Bay community are seeking to form a new reserve under ahesion to Treaty Six. Sandy Bay is in Northern Saskatchewa, 126 miles southeast of Flin Flon, Manitoba and has a population of 1,000 people. The new band, to be named at a later date, was formed under the leadership of Acting Chief Norman N ateweyes and four headmen, Len Merasty, Melvin N ateweyes, Magloire Dorion and Philip Bear Sr. They are presently negotiating to secure a land base for their membership. Nateweyes gained the support of Saskatchewan Chiefs through a resolution passed without opposition at the fall sitting of the Legislative Assembly in October. The new applicants are now seeking to locate birth certificates requested by the federal Indian Affairs Minister David Crombie's office. Treaty Six was selected because more land is available under that Treaty. Treaty Indians began settling on the banks of the Churchill River in the 1800' s and the 1900' s. The river funs through Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba and the Indians used it for their livelihood, transportation, trapping, hunting and fishing. In the 1900's the government announced, without consultation, that a hydroplant will be based there to provide power for the mining industry. This provided jobs for about 80 people but it also flooded the river and affected their livelihood. The steady employment created the settlement of Sandy Bay. In the 1930's and 1940's the people organized and obtained a school, hospital, church and the delivery of other services. Since the Indians were now gainfully employed, the government proposed their enfranchisement. They understood that they would retain hunting, fishing and land entitlement rights but gain the right to vote as well as other benefits. Without legal The dam which had such a major impact on the reserve. 22 �Kathy Nateweyes (12) poses with some of her medals. Mayor Norman Nateweyes (bottom left) and his staff counsel they signed agreements they did not fully understand. However, the Hydro-plant has since become fully automated. Today, the town has a municipal government with Norman Nateweyes as the mayor. One of the civic associations is a Flood Committee which is seeking compensation for loss of livelihood caused by the flood. They've been unsuccessful to date. The government has claimed it has already compensated the community by moving some houses into the settlement at a cost of $90,000. The question of establishing a new reserve has caused some tension in the community. However, N ateweyes is determined to regain his heritage. His grandfather was originally from the Peter Ballantyne Reserve but fled north following the Riel Rebellion. Many Indians involved in that strug- gle were branded "rebels" and had to disappear to avoid prosecution. N ateweyes said that the first language of the people is being lost. He was stunned, after a brief rest from politics, to discover that the Cree language program had been replaced with French. However, the children do have some survival training in the school. There are over 340 students enrolled in the kindergarted to Grade 11 school. In response to his relationship with the Department of Indian Affairs, Nateweyes thinks they have too much control and that Indian people should dismantle it: "Indian Nations will never be able to handle their own affairs if they have no control. If they can't take over, we have to find out why and start replacing the Department with rn ·dian people," he said. The Health Centre at Sandy Bay. 23 �A Boarding Home in P.A. Building Blocks to Health & Indian Government The Sprucelodge Boarding Home is the offspring of the Prince Albert District Chiefs Council, which represents the twelve ( 12) Bands in the Prince Albert District. The Projec t was initiated in 1982 as an attempt to bring quality medical boarding home services to Indian people from the Prince Albert District Indian Bands . The home functions to serve the short-term lodgi.qg requirements of Indian people who come to the City of Prince Albert for medical reasons. The service provides board and lodging for those people who are receiving medical treatment outside of inhospital care. It includes all ages of clientele from newborns to the elderly. Normally clients stay for periods of five days or less. Through the Prince Albert District Chiefs , Sprucelodge is representative of the extension of services into the City of Prince Albert by the Band Governments in the Prince Albert District. The Chiefs are proud to be a part of the development of the community through the services being offered at Sprucelodge . Sprucelodge receives its revenue through a fee for service agreement with Medical Services Branch of Health and Welfare Canada. The t Spruce Lodge Boarding Home in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan. by Deanna Wuttunee PRINCE ALBERT-The Prince Albert District Chiefs are on the roll! The grand opening on November 22, 1985 of the Sprucelodge Boarding Home at 807 - 15th Street West marked a shift in focus for the Chiefs in gaining and exercising control in education to include the health services. The $434,000 facility will provide 18 beds for Indian people who come into the city for medical reasons and will serve the 12 bands in the district as well as other bands in the immediate area. This will fulfill the short term requirements of people in a cultural setting. Hotels simply cannot provide this service. Allan Joe Felix, the director of Sprucelodge said the facility caters mostly to northern reserves. Cree and Chippewan are spoken by at least one member of the staff. He added, ''We have a lot of needs (Indian people) but the way we have to address them is to phase in programs to provide quality service. ' ' Operating costs will run about $220,000 annually . Four chiefs are directly responsible for health and social services programs in the district. The Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) assumed most of the building costs under a 35-year mortgage. National Health and Welfare pay for services provided by the home on a per diem basis. Clients do not need in-hospital care but are in transit between medical- Chief Sol Sanderson, Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations; delivers his address at the opening ceremony. related appointments and home; hence the reason for catering to northern reserves. F. S. I. N. Chief Sol Sanderson saw this centre as another symbol of the building blocks for the framework of Indian Government in this province. He said, ''Our people have been victims for too long in the area of health services and social development. It is efforts like this that are going to move forward to correct these problems and concerns. It's always a solution when we have direct control over Indian jurisdiction. We find solutions that have been a mystery to non-Indian governments. This is another example of that Indian jurisdiction and that control - finding solutions for our people and with our people . '' 24 Milton Burns, District representativeaddresses the visitingguestsat the openingof Spruce Lodge Boarding Home. < �Govtrnmen1 c,Canada L&aouvernement du Canada ett Canada Mortgage d'avo1r contr1bu6 par and Hou1lng COTl)f>TaUonIs Socll!\6 eanadlenne thrcugh p1ennd to have ct>ntrtbuted to tho develoi,ment ct th\t project. h&UfGUX rentremlse de la d'hypothlques ot de logement fl la r6811satlon de c& prolet. Allan Joe Felix, director of Spruce Lodge Boarding Hom e. project receives an interest subsidy through Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, and is otherwise supported through a long-term loan. The project was initially funded and supported through the Community Health Demonstration Program of Health and Welfare Canada, as well as through the Department Regional Industrial Expansion. of Prince Albert Indian Student Residence Officially Reserve Land ing centre in 1942 and finally purchased by the Anglican Church in 1948 for the purpose of establishing a residential school. Foil owing an agreement with the federal government , the church provided homes and an education for children lost in forest fires in the Onion Lake and La Ronge area. Soon , children were recruited from Saskatchewan , Alberta and Manitoba. In the last decade, the leadership in Saskatchewan have taken steps to exercise control over the quality of Chief and Council of the Peter Ballantyne Band . by Deanna Wuttunee PRINCE ALBERT - The formal transfer of the Prince Albert Indian Student Residence was celebrated in a lavish extravaganza of food, remeniscing and tributes on November 22. The property within the city limits now has reserve land status following a probationary period. The Peter Ballantyne Band claimed the 41 acres in 1981 as part of its land entitlement. According to Chief Ron Mitchell of . the Peter Ballantyne Reserve , over 340 students from northern Saskatchewan attend the school. He said, ''Here, we can offer them the best education available today. The residence emphasizes the development of each child to his full potential. We off er a solid academic background, vocational skills and an excellent recreational and athletic program provided in a caring home environment. This is important because the child's performance is dependent on this. The school provides a model for the province and the rest of Canada.'' ''We must include in our school curriculum materials that emphasize Indian culture. Our heritage is something we can all be proud of and it can never be taken away. It is part of our identity. We retain our cultural identity in the face of many challenges and problems," he added. Chronologically, since 1884, the land has been the headquarters of the R.C.M.P . during the Riel Rebellion, was converted to an army basic train- 25 Chief Ron Mitchell cuts ribbon. �John Petersfrom Sturgeon La ke. A trainee wit h Saskatchewan T raining I nstit ute wit h Will I nns has f inished his short order cooking classes and wi ll commence wit h commercial cooking in October and f inish in April . Th e institute pr epar ed a fabulou s f east f or the celebrations. K ids ex cited about transfer celebration. Chief R on Mi tchell) Peter Ballan tyne R eserve. Chief Roy Bi rd) Montr eal L ake R eserve. education their children were receiving . In 1974 the Prince Albert District Chiefs initiated negotiations to do this and in 1985 an agreement was reached with the Public School Board to rent the Queen Elizabeth School for an in-school program to be operated by the District Chiefs. They assumed complete control of operations in all aspects of the program. ' 'One of the real reasons we decided to take control under Indian jurisdiction was to reorganize the programming so that it will enhance Indian culture and Indian values and languages ,'' said Chief Sol Sanderson . All Indian residential schools in the province are now under Indian control. Under the Chiefs of Saskatchewan, 400 students have graduated from Grade 12 annually in the last four years. Prior to 19 73 , Grade 9 graduates were almost non-existent. There are close to 1,000 students each year in university. Over 4,800 Indian people are employed in the field. of education. Bands now own and Gary Wou ters) director of operations (INAC ) . Sask) R egion. operate schools, student residences, four colleges and have a number of educational institutions complementing the overall educational strategy. It was the drive of past students of these residential schools that gave them the determination to change the quality and nature of the education system. But the road was often bumpy. Politics were intense and support often quiet , not active . Singers from Sturgeon Lake Re serve. 26 D an Goodleaf, R egional D irector General (IN AC ) Sk. R egion The celebration festivities gave tribute to the network that went unnoticed during the struggle ; of people who worked long hours to make the official transfer of the P.A. Indian Student Centre under Indian jurisdiction a reality. Chief Mitchell quoted an elder who said, " Let us put our minds together and see what kind of a life we can get for our children. ' ' �Band Vote May Add 30,000 Acres of Land by Earl Fowler of the Star Phoenix Members of a northern Saskatchewan Indian band are slated to vote Sunday on the first manjor land entitlement settlement in the province since the early 1980s. All indications Friday were that Fond du Lac residents will accept the offer of three parcels of Provincial Crown land, totalling about 30 ,000 acres at the end of Lake Athabasca. Chief August Mercredi said adults among the 862-member band must decide whether to accept the parcels of as a fulfilment of their treaty right to more land. "I expect the vote will pass, because the band is very, very anxious to settle,'' said Al Gross, director of reserves and trusts in Saskatchewan for Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. He said he expects the federal and Saskatchewan ministers of Indian affairs, David Crombie and Sid Dutchak respectively, to formally ratify the settlement if the band accepts it. The parcels include about 20,000 acres adjoining as existing reserve at the southeast end of Lake Athabasca, 5,000 acres along the Otherside River and 5,000 acres along the Mcfarlane River. They are all in the vicinity of Fond du Lac, about 80 kilometres south of the Northwest Territories border. Gross said the parcels have a rich potential for mineral development. If the land is transferred to the band, the companies now holding mineral leases will wind up under federal instead of provincial jurisdiction. Royalties from future developments, if there are any, would flow to the band instead of to the provmce. Gross said the only other Indian land claim now close to settlement involves part of a community pasture near Mayfair. The 60-member Luckyma l Band, which is now landless, has selected 7,680 acres of the 65,000-hcre Meeting Lake Community Pasture. Native Land Transfer Gross said '' negotiations are going well'' between representatives of the band, the federal and provincial governments, the pasture patrons and the rural municipality in the district. The federal and Saskatchewan's governments recognize that 30 of the province's 60 bands have valid claims to more land under century-old treaties. I 1---~ 17 • # r~*::: fit • I~ .l 12 4 PRINCE ALBERT DISTRICT • I ..----rr•~ r_\ :.-:::;-~'-t • im e NORTH :f IATTLEFORD ~ I DISTRICT I ft :!:,, 1 e --'.;,if ::: ---~ 27 • Albert aPrince ____ _ ~ - - il :-;p ••1 -(t. \ -~---~, 21 ,; I _____ '•'--/J I ' J I I Saskatoon, YORKTON I DISTRICT J 13 ,, _ # i' I I - 11 2sl e 211 •: SASKATOON11Dl5TRl.f~~: • 141 ■ I I • I 21 • !: HILLS{TOUCHWOOD FORT QU'APP::::I: : DISTRICTI l.-~if H,:; ~~ •~= %=, = ,,,,,,, '""-" ___ __ _,.._--=_,, _________ ________ __________ _.-____ . __ , _~.--- -= -= -:::: Treaty Land Entitlement Claims - Saskatchewan Validated Saskatchewan Formula (acres) I_ 23_ 4_ 5_ 6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ Beardy's & Okemasis Ca noe Lake Pelican Lake Eng lishRi ver Fond du Lac Flying Du st K eesee koos Lu ckyman Muskowekwan IQ_ Nikaneet I I _ One Arrow 12_ Peter Ballantyne 13_ Piapot 14_ R ed Phe asa nt 15_ Saulteaux 16 _ Star Blanket 17_ Stony R apid s (settled) I 8_ Thunderchild 19 _ Witchekan Lake 20_ Okanese 21. Mosquito 22 _ Poundmaker 23_ Jo seph Bighead 24 _ Sweetgrass 25 _ Moosomin 26 _ Onion Lak e 27 _ Musk eg Lake 28 _ Nut Lake 29 _ Ochapowace 46 , 080 44 , 773 22,285 44 , 401 29 , 76 I 9,596 83 , 200 7 , 680 49,408 I 5, I 3 6 55 ,936 229 , 284 _3 6 60 , 4 95 63,616 44,238 9,536 29,924 88 ,384 23 , 027 I I , 5 7 I _7 I 6 , 5 4 3 _8 4 25 , I92 28,704 6,235 _7 7 1 5 , 522 _42 I 6, 9 I 8 _9 48 ,384 I I 7 , 2 7 3 _6 I 7,664 Total 1, 338 ,466 . 6 27 by Earl Fowler of the Star Phoenix A proposal to transfer about 30,500 acres of provincial Crown land to a northern Indian band is now in the hands of Indian Affairs Minister David Crombie. Ratification of the settlement by Crombie will transfer three parcels at the east side of Lake Athabasca to the Fond du Lac band. The province has already ratified the agreement, said Sid Dutchak, the Saskatchewan minister responsible for Indian affairs. Band adults voted overwhelmingly Sunday in favour of accepting the transfer, as a fulfilment of their longstanding treaty right to more land. About 950 people voted in favour of the transfer, and only one or two against, said Al Gross of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. Crombie is likely to approve the settlement, said Gross , director of reserves and trust for the department. But how soon is anyone's guess, he added. The parcels include about 20,000 acres adjoining an existing reserve at the southeast end of Lake Athabasca, 5,000 acres along the Mcfarlane River. They are all in the vicinity of Fond du Lac, about 80 kilometres south of the Northwest Territories border. If the land is transferred, companies now holding mineral leases will wind up under federal instead of provincial jurisdiction. Royalties from future mining developments, if there are any, will go to the band instead of the province. Dutchak said evidence of gold and uranium on the land has been amassed. Land claims by about 30 bands are recognized as valid by the federal governments. They stem from the failure of past governments to honor treaty promises to allocate more reserve acreage. The Resources Transfer Agreement of 1930, which transferred Saskatchewan's natural resources from federal to provincial jurisdiction , �required the province to make unoccupied Crown land available for new reserves. In 1975, the Saskatchewan government agreed to offer all its Crown lands, occupied or vacant, under the following conditions: that the federal government make its lands available on the same basis; where occupied Crown lands (such as community pastures) were selected, lessees would be compensated; acreage for the settlement of the treaties would be based on the band population established at Dec. 31, 1976 Under that formula, agreed to by Ottawa and the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians, the entitled bands still have about 1.3 million acres coming to them. That compares with a total present reserve acreage of about 1. 5 million acres. The Conservative governments in Ottawa and Regina have both backed away from the agreement, but consider it a rough guideline. Reprinted by permission of the Saskatoon Star Phoenix. Red Earth The tragic shootings of the weekend of November 15, 1985 have shocked and distressed everyone. Emotions for all are a blend of anger, anguish, sorrow, confusion and resolve to ensure that such a thing never happens agam. In a setting of such high emotions, it is to be expected that people will lash out in all directions to peg responsibility and find fault. Media reports and personal exchanges have evidenced some of the rash and harsh conclusions people have drawn from the tragedy. It being two and a half weeks since the shootings, it is time to put some things in perspective. In the past seven years, Red Earth has experienced phenomenal change. In 1978, there were fewer than eight jobs in the communities that were filled by band members. With an adult work force of 150, this indicated 95% unemployment. In 1985 there are over 60 adults employed with a futher 15 engaged in training programs. Jobs for a further five adults will be open within two weeks as the band opens its own store. Red Earth is responsible for launching the first publicly traded Indian controlled company in Canada. Red Earth Energy trades on the Vancouver Stock Exchange. The band has invested in mineral exploration on several sites ranging into Manitoba. Prospects for further \ork appear good. Red Earth established local control of schools and various education ·programs in 1980. Since expansion to Grade 12 in 1981 /82, the band schools, in joint operation with the Shoal Lake Band, have graduated an average of 10 students per year. This compares with an average achievement of three graduates per year under federal and provincial jurisdictions in each of the five years preceding 1982. This also equates to a per capita achievement level surpassing any Indian community in the province, or in the country, and in excess of the average for non-reserve schools for Indian students and nonIndian students alike. The Red Earth and Shoal Lake Bands have been responsible for launching the first small community based independant television station in the country. This initiative has been accompanied by development of a two-year Media/ Arts Program for high school students. Red Earth and Shoal Lake had a reputation for being one of the most unremarkable ~thletic programs anywhere. In four years these communities have accomplished a program of significant note. The High School Volleyball Program has produced a team in this short time that earned a bronze medal for their performance in the Provincial Finals. Young adult teams have earned an enviable reputation in the adult volleyball circuit in the north central part of the province. The Red Earth adult hockey team composed of band members and residents won every tournament in the northeast last year. Chief Alvin Head 28 �Dorothy McKay(72) , may be in a wheelchair, but has not lsot her humour. Sh e wanted a XMas gift - someone around Santa 's age. The Band has gained entry through several young people to the provincial track and field finals. The two Bands jointly launched a Teacher Training Program for 22 adults in 1985. This program was the first Band-controlled University service on the reserve in that courses are purchased from the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College, the University of Saskatchewan and managed internally utilizing Band staff. The Bands have direct service contracts with these institutions without intermediaries such as I.N.A.C. The design of the program is unique and wholly the effort of the two Bands. The schools at Red Earth operate with attendance levels exceeding average attendance for public schools in the province. High attendance has always been most evident since the onset of band control. The Bands run Program Ancillary to routine school courses. These programs are for adults of all ages. Students range in age from 18 to 80. Courses run every week in the evening and involve over 100 registered adults. Programs range from Religious Instruction through Home l\jaintenance, Art, Home Economics t6 Basic Academic Upgrading. This program is to our knowledge, unequalled by any school in the province in terms of response and scope . • Th e Industrial Workshop at the School. Parents also came in to make things like sleigh runners. In the joint high school, program initiatives have included Media Arts, a full program of Teenage Retreival with emphasis on Life Skills and Outdoor Education, a sophisticated Computer and Business offering, a full Fine Arts program, as well as a range of academic offerings one might find only in schools twice as large . The Bands have always been receptive to Teacher-proposed initiatives and have implemented many ideas emanating from staff. Such initiatives have included the Retrieval Program, a full program of Cross-Country Ski- Th e School has $50-60 , 0UU worth of computers. The students made X-Mas banners for the School using them. 29 ing, Introduction of Firearms, and Bows and Arrows to the Program, extensive field trips to locales such as Ottawa, Vancouver and Churchill as well as excursions involving canoe trips, train rides and other adventures. The Bands have invested considerable money in In-Service Training for teaching staff. Teachers have been sponsored for numerous conferences, University courses, summer sessions and other opportunities. The vast majority of this investment has been in non-band members. The Red Earth in concert with Health and Welfare Canada has sponsored a Counselling Education Agency on site to deal with alcohol concerns. Minnegowin Control employs three band members who counsel stressed individuals and families who produce . community newsletters and materials on alcohol abuse for use in the schools. The Red Earth Band launched a Trades and Life Skills Training Pro gram five years ago for young adults. This has evolved into Thenatacam Construction Company. This company now employs up to 60 people at a time , better than ½ of these being band members . While doing a volume of better than $2 million a year, this company is mandated to apprentice and train band members to five dif- �ferent trades. The company has expanded into markets up to 100 miles distant from Red Earth. The Red Earth Band has sponsored individual band members in initiating various private enterprises. Privately run taxi and accounting businesses have been achieved. The Red Earth Band has developed a comprehensive Juvenile Correction and Rehabilitation Plan in the past two years. The province of Saskatchewan asked that implementation be delayed pending their thorough analysis of the plan particularly in light of the constitution and the New Young OffendersAct. To date , the feed back is that the province not only is impressed by the effort , they are using it to model community based strategies for the entire province. The Red Earth Band has been working in concert with senior RCMP officials to establish a subdetachment on-site . This initiative has been three years in the works. In a meeting held the week of November 9 , 1985, the RCMP and the Band finalized plans to accomplish this objective. At that time it appeared that six months was needed to lay the onsite groundwork. The Red Earth ( Band made property and buildings available for this purpose . The RCMP have apparently never encountered this depth of commitment with any community. It is hoped that in light of the tragic events of November 16, 1985, the implementation schedule will be accelerated . The Red Earth Band has been working to convince Indian and Northern Affairs of the wisdom of establishing a family worker on-site for several years. This initiative has proved unsuccessful to date. In addition, the Band has sought support to construct and establish a crisis group home on the reserve . The intent would be to afford safe haven for stressed children and to function as a coordinating agency for family intervention and counselling. Numerous other initiatives have been and are underway. The Red Earth Band has not been complacent or stagnant in pursuing these objectives . When one analyses these accomplishments and initiatives, it becomes patently obvious that the key strength in the Band's effort has been and continues to be the existance of a stable and energetic Chief and council. Chief Alvin Head has been in office since 1978. He has been elected by acclamation in two elections this decade. His council has been very stable with minor changes in the several elections. The Chief and Council command respect and credibility from many and varied agencies. The Chief and Councils have constructed management and administration of sufficient strength that, tht, Red Earth Band was nominated and selected as one of five bands in the province to receive funding from the federal government in a block and without the usual regulatory conditions. This Chief and Council have worked hard to gain that respect. The federal government through Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, and the provincial government regard this Indian Government as an outstanding example of the dignity and courage of Indian communities. Chief Alvin Head commands attention regionally and nationally for his efforts on behalf of Indian people. He serves on numerous Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations provincial commissions and as Spokesperson in Education for Indian bands throughout the prairie provinces . Chief Alvin was instrumental in accessing $17 million for Special Educa- FSIN Chief Sol Sandersonand R ed Earth educationdirectorK en Hodgesonat a press conference in Saskatoon. 30 �( tion for Indian bands nation wide only two years ago. Chief Head has served as campaign manager for a candidate in the last federal election. He serves on numerous boards of companies and organizations, he and his council have earned high regard from other Indian governments regionally and nationally. These recent tragic events have tested the spirit and resolve of everyone concerned. A segment of the teaching staff at Red Earth have determined that circumstances on the reserve do not suit them. I,t is difficult to assess blame to them and the band wishes not to do so. The resigning teachers are comprised largely of young energetic people, all good. They come largely from urban middle class backgrounds. Their stress and concerns should nor be seen as unreasonable. It is the forte of young people to be impatient with inadequacy. It would be more surprising if the staff was complacent about their experiences. They encounter and live in the midst of appalling socioeconomic disparity. All staff, in spite of band efforts to expose the reality of reserve life in the hiring process, nevertheless, end up being shocked immensely by the distress of this or any Indian community. The Band's desire is not to desensatize these good people. Rather it is to engage them in the Band's efforts to make the best of bad circumstances and to change the circumstances. The loss of these people arising from this tragedy is a terrible setback. Red Earth, like all our reserves has immense ability to rebound, to carry on. Red Earth Band members intend to not absorb these events as a setback. Rather, the Band has and will lick its wounds and push on. It will and has initiated an accelerated effort to address immediately many concerns, much of which coincides with concerns expressed by some of the teachers. Effective Tuesday, November 26, 1985, in an overwhelming referendum, the Band voted itself into Dry Reserve Status. The Band has sought and gained model legislation to regulate gun use. Various committ'ees such as the Women's Association and One of the older homes on the reserve. the Recreation Committee have accepted the challenge to expand efforts to off set leisure time. The Band was and has stepped up efforts to implement a comprehensive economic development strategy for band members. The essential thrust of the program is to support and promote individual initiative. This has and will be done by providing or accessing training and capital opportunities. The Red Earth Band has decisively set forth to construct Indian Law under their Indian government and to empower the Chief and Council to enforce law and order. It is the Red Earth Band's wish that events of this circumstance, magnitude and consequence, never again befall any community. Furthermore, it is the Bands fervent desire that in closing ranks on addressing the issues arising from this tragedy, that these ranks be allinclusive. There is a compelling need for all agencies and jursdiction to address and support the efforts of the Indian Government of Red Earth as they strive to work through solutions. I will be meeting later this morning with Mr. Gary Wouters, the Director of Operations for the Saskatchewan Region of Indian and Northem Affairs Canada. At that time I will be seeking Mr. Wouter's commitment to a process of coordinating federal and provincial reponse. As a consequence of this tragedy, members of the Red Earth Band including its Chief and Council had the 31 good fortune to meet with representatives of the Late Jeff Bredin' s family. This family, particularly these representatives displayed immense courage and strength in travelling to Saskatchewan, and to Red Earth to share their grief and their convictions. Their journey and genuine kindness to the communities in forcefully impacting that they viewed this horrible event, not as a Red Earth issue, rather as an irrationally symptomatic act of much broader societal shortcomings is a conclusion we would hope all can draw and act upon. Their expressions of gratitude and appreciation to Red Earth and to the communities neighboring on Red Earth for experiences Jeff Bredin had communicated to them as rich and wonderful helped us all. Again, their courage and conviction has and continues to be an inspiration. Red Earth and the farming community of Smoky Burn have always enjoyed a strong relationship and mutually constructive interdependence. These events have obviously strained these relations and the Band members of Red Earth fully appreciate the anxieties and anger brought about by this tragedy. It is immensely difficult to express to the family of Mr. James Kitely the measure of the Band members sadness for the terrible pain and suffering they have and continue to experience. While knowing that continued efforts to prevent such crimes at this stage cannot alleviate their �pain, the Band members grieve the suffering inflicted on the family and hope and prey for Mr. Kitely's full recovery. Red Earth residents have also enjoyed strong social and economic ties with the town of Carrot River. It is the Band's fervent wish that these relations be restored and that the two communities can carry on with what Red Earth feels has been a mutually respectful and appreciative interdependence. Again, while these events have been horrific and tragic, our collective responsibility is evident. We owe it to all to address forcefully the shortcomings that permitted such tragedy to occur. (Left) Principal Lloyd Scott and Sol Sanderson, who has beenjanitor for 25 years . Red Earth The Chief and Council sponsors of the workshops for students grades 1-12 . FSIN representatives participated as resource people. (Left) Principal Lloyd Scott and Sol Sanderson, who has beenjanitor for 25 years . ( RED EAR TH - The reserve was still reeling from the tragedy that struck their community when the media decended on them in droves. A young white teacher was shot and killed by teenage prowlers in his yard. The Chief and council have since initiated steps to counteract the negative feelings resulting from the publicity. One of these counter measures was to get the Institute for First Nations Law and Government office (FSIN)to set up a workshop for grades 1 - 12 for a period of two weeks on the reserve. The focus is on their cultural identity and the responsibility it brings. Chief Alvin Head said: ''They really put things in perspective. I think the students got more from that ses-. sion than they would get in an entire Going home! 32 year. I'm getting good reports from it." The Indian Government program dealt with the history of Indians and the treaties, Indian cultural identity and alcohol and drugs. Along with First Nations Law and Government staff Linda Opoonechaw, Howard Walker and Danny Musqua, other source persons came m groups. Representatives from FSIN, district chiefs, PTNA, Cultural College and Elders participated. FSIN Chief Sol Sanderson kicked off the program. Because it was a joint venture with Shoal Lake, the program passed on leadership roles and developments of the two reserves and the provincial �Red Earth students ready to go home (with a smile) after a full day 's education. and national political network of Indian people. Assignments dealt with self-esteem and the type of support systems available for Indian people. "Howard, Linda, Danny and Thelma, gave us two of the best weeks of the year. Their enthusiasm for students is appreciated. They talked to individual students. We gave them both large and small groups of children to work with. They were flexible enough to handle anything. The children reponded well. Discipline was great. In November, the band members voted to become a dry reserve through a band referendum. This has wrought many exciting changes. Chief Alvin Head is looking forward to the new year. "It's been very different since the reserve has gone dry. You can work with people. You can go and visit people. You can start doing things with them. It's going to make a major impact. It's really a good feeling." he said. Prior to the refe}endum, the Chief and council were working in islolation from the membership. Now social events, committee and volunteer work have accelerated. Band membership has set up an advisory council under Indian government along with a recreation council. A youth council has been given additional responsibilities. The Chief and council has initiated a comprehensive economic development plan, training programs and a family worker program. Chief Head is planning the development of I Indian Government structuring the Said Chief Head: "This is the birth the band has been waiting for. I see a lot of positive things happening in the future. I believe where it is going to come from is Indian government structures . I have a positive feeling you' re going to hear a lot fronj us next year." J ''I want to conclude by saying we appreciate the support we've been getting from so many people through our difficulties. If it wasn't for that support we'd be in bad shape. But because of the support we received, we were encouraged to carry on. I'd like to thank everyone who did.'' he added. creation of an Education Act, a SelfGovernment Act and a Family Services Act after the new year. •. Red Earth Band Office Red Earth School 33 \,...i �by Mary Agnes N aytowhow This article is about alcohol on my reserve. The points that I hope to discuss are: • why people drink • what class of people use alcohol • what alcohol does to the user • how people obtain it • how many lives have been lost because of it. Some of the reasons people use alcohol are to have fund, to celebrate, or to relax after a long week of work. Some people use it because it makes them feel good, while others drink because they are bored. Some people drink to forget their problems. The store bill is so high and it seems they are never able to overcome the huge amount of bills. The jobs they are holding do not pay enough, and their lack of education prevents them from looking for a higher paying job. Still others drink to block out the harsh realities of life. They drink to experience courage, self-confidence, and to make friends. Still others drink for health reasons. My father used to say, "I drink because Jesus made wine for people to use when they are celebrating''. He also used to quote from the Bible (Proverbs Chap. 31, verses 6 and 7): '' Give beer to those who are perishing, wine to those who are in anguish, let them drink and forget their poverty''. When he quit drinking, I was still in my prime as an alcoholic. My dad used to try to talk to me about drinking, and the verse that he had quoted from the Bible saved me from getting into long, defensive battles. That is, until he found other verses to quote from: (Proverbes Chap. 4, verses 14 to 17( ' 'Do not set foot on the path of the wicked''; '' They eat the bread of wickedness and drink the wine of violence' ' . It would almost ;s-eem that alcohol has a mind of its own. On my reserve, I have seen children 'bombed out of their minds', some as young as two years old. Their parents thought it amusing for the child to stagger around in soggy disposable diap~rs, and they would brag about how little Johnny, a 'chip off the old block', was drunk last night; "The little bugger refused to be put to bed". Just the thought of me laughing with them makes me sick. Now the boy is eight years old, and because liquor, when it is available, is too well guarded, and bee ause gas is more easily obtained, he sniffs gas to the point of passing out. I have seen elders who have the actions of newborn babies. They are drunk and have no control over their bowel movements, or over their bodies, for that matter. I have seen them in fields, where they were passed out from a night of overindulgence, being rudely splashed awake with ice-cold water by young children. They reach desperately for the bottle of wine being held just out of their reach. With a promise that is broken before it is made, they finally get their prize, and their faces contort as they taste the urine contained in the bottle. Teenagers who want to be a part of the gang become so only after they can brag about getting a girl drunk and getting into her pants. The girls, just trying to run away from incestuous relationships at home, have gone from one nightmare to another. The only difference is that the new nightmare is blessed with drunken oblivion. They don't care if they are sexually abuses, gang-banged by the teenagers who are trying to belong. One person, who has been sober for seventeen years, told me that, when he drank, alcohol was his vehicle to enter a land where there was no fear, a private kingdom of his own where he was the best of everything and everybody. People who use alcohol become addicted to it. What I used to do was hide drinks from the people who brought over their own. When I thought I had enough for myself, I would start a fight just to break up the party. Then I could drink alone without the fear of running out of booze. I was always in a fighting mood. People obtain alcohol from bootleggers, a practice that the band is trying to stop. Sometimes they buy Lysol and hairspray from a local store. How 34 people pay for their intoxicants is an interesting tale. Some of the people I know who are alcoholics get welfare. The welfare officials, being smart, give these people food and clothing orders instead of cheques. The alcoholic, being driven by an unseen force, is always a step ahead of the game. He already has his voucher sold before he even gets it. Most often, he sells it for whatever he can get, and hopes it is enough to buy a good stash of alcohol from the liquor board. Lysol, since it is considerably cheaper and has 80% alcohol, is preferred by most people. If all else fails, there is always after shave lotion and homebrew. Some people sell their furniture and anything else that will be of value to the bootlegger. The lives that have been lost because of alcohol are many. One police officer that I talked to said that, in the one year he has been on my reserve, seven people have died. A couple passed away after drinking all night; the policeman said the cause of death was hypothermia. Another man passed away on a beach where his drinking buddies had left him. His clothes were all west, and he had no way of getting home. Cause of death: exposure. Another man was in a shooting accident while he was drinking. He and his friends were shooting targets on the river when another man, at a different party, thought he was being shot at and returned the fire. Cause of death: gunshot wound. Yet another man died in hospital after drinking too much Lysol. Cause of death: unknown. Two children, the eldest being four, were sexually abused then murdered by a man who was drunk. Cause of death: strangulation. Treatment is offered on the reserve. There are weekly meetings of Alcoholics Anonymous, but this helps only those who admit that they are alcoholics. Another centre will be opening soon. Alcoholism is defined as a sickness, but doctors don't seem to be able to treat patients with this problem. Alcoholism is a form of insanity that has no morals, scruples, feelings or prejudices. �SASKATOON DISTRICT NEDP Contribution to Saskatoon District Chiefs Development Corp. WINNIPEG - January, 2 7, 1986 -A $115,600 contribution under the Native Economic Development Program (NEDP) to a recently incorporated, Native-owned economic development institution was announced today by the Honourable Ray Hnatyshyn, Government House Leader, and Member of Parliament for Saskatoon West. Mr. Hnatyshyn made the announcement on behalf of the Honourable Andre Bissonnette, Minister of State (Small Businesses), who is responsible for the Program. The contribution will assist the Saskatoon District Chiefs Development Corporation to undertake an eight-month study to develop a comprehensive business plan to include identifcation of investment opportunities from which the corporation could earn revenue sufficient to enable it to be self-sustaining. The contribution represents 48.1 percent of the cost of the study. The corporation is wholly owned by eight Indian Bands in south-central Saskatchewan: Beardy' s and Okemasis, Kinistino, Moose Woods, Mistawasis, Muskeg Lake, Muskoday, Nut Lake and One-Arrow. The contribution was approved under NEDP EJement I which assists in the development and establishment of Native-owned economic and financial institutions. The NEDP is a special initiative administered by the Department of Regional Industrial Expansion to assist in the development of Aboriginal economic selfreliance. Muskeg Lake - Proud of Their Reserve Muskeg has another source of pride. Since the 1960's, there have been graduates from Grade 12 on a regular basis. Lately, this trend has extended to the university level. Less students now drop out at 16 years of age. The band leadership took over education in 1980. Two trustees sit on the local trustee association and Alpha Lafond is on the Division School Board. A positive relationship has developed between band members and the school staff at Marcelin, 6 miles away. The reserve has a nursery and kindergarten school which is one of The small Church that was first built on the reserve still stands. by Deanna Wuttunee MUSKEG LAKE - The reserve recently had a gr~nd opening of a $198,000 multiplex which houses seven offices, a reception area, a board room and a large fire hall. Although a year behind schedule, the Muskeg spirit was at an all time high during the celebration. Government officials from the federal, provincial and municipal levels gave and received tributes for completion of the project. George Lafond, a member of the band and Special Assistant to the Federal Indian Affairs Minister David Crombie was on hand to represent his boss. The afternoon included participants from the young people, - kindergarten and nursery - , who sang in groups before the appreciative audience. Band officials, past and present were also honored for their contributions. Muskeg has a population of 700 in the books but many people leave to find seasonal work in the summer. However, the project provided jobs for 10 people this summer using a $62,400 contribution grant from the Employment Division Branch. Presently, band government is the biggest business on the reserve. It employs about 20 people. However, 35 Councillor Alpha Lafond with granddaughter Bev. �Education Councillor Harry James Lafond. The new Multi-plex at Muskeg Lake. the best-equipped in the area. The and Irene Caplette and group also older children attend Marcelin came in to perform traditional and old School. Therefore, Indian content in time dances. the curriculum is governed by how The children were also involved in much influence the members can many extra-curricular activities such wield at the local and divisional school as hockey, gymnastics and figure boards. skating. The band provided transporThe past year has been successful. tation on a voluntary basis. In addiThe school follows a whole language tion to sports activities, the education program where staff identify a theme counsellor, Harry James Lafond and inter-relate it to social studies, the established a 4-H group for the 8 - 12 language arts and other courses. In year olds. '' Explore Your World'' January and February, "Indian and was the theme. The drug and alcohol Metis People'' was the theme selected , counsellor, Sarah Greyeyes organizand the students did many innovative . ed a camp out on 'the island' where the high school kids were the peer projects. One project was to take over band government and jobs at Muskeg counsellors. Four ladies and a night for one day. The project caught the watchman helped with meals and interest of the Star-Phoenix and the Qsu perv1s10n. Line television program. Bill Brittain A Satellite College for plumbing, heating and gas fitting was started on the reserve in February, 1985. Five people are apprenticing to date. The College draws enrollment from across the province. Councillor Alpha Lafond identified the primary social concern as housing for the elderly. There are 60 people over the age of 50. In the next decade they will require special health services. Even now there are several elderly in homes in Saskatoon because the reserve lacks the facilities to provide this care. ''We are not giving them the honor of having a dignified old age and the option of staying with relatives,'' said Harry James. Often, loneliness drives them back to the community. The band plans to Diane Ledoux, Band employer. Sarah Greyeyes works at the Band Office. Chief Wallace Tawpisim 36 �.~/ ,,· ~ Mitress of Ceremonies, use the old band office as a drop in centre for the senior citizens. ''We need our old people so that we don't become totally white-oriented. They reinforce Indian identity. When I visit an elder, I get a feeling of belonging. If we lose them, we lose something. We are doing them an injustice. They will die of loneliness. This is a real concern of the band,'' said Alpha. This focus on education will eventually pay off for the band, according to Councillor Alpha Lafond. On Indian Government, she said: "The way I would like to understand it, is that the band is going to take total control of most of the programs ex- cept for Reserves and Trusts. That's going to take a little time because that's where our treaties are. They (Indian Affairs) hold them in trust and I can't see that coming to the band yet. But I can see where people like Harry Qames Lafond) who are coming out of university. They will thoroughly understand administration. I think it's a good thing for bands to take control of their destiny. And I can see it coming fo:r: Muskeg. I can see a lot of the work has been done already. I've paved a lot of roads and it's just for these people to come in now and take it over.'' Wallace Tawpisim is the Chief and he has a council of six. FORT QUJAPPELLE/TOUCHWOOD/FILE GRAVESITE SETTLED Nora Ledoux teachestheyoungsters how tojig. HILLS DISTRICT DISPUTE by Martha Ironstar A dispute between a builder (Cal Davis), and Chiefs from the Touchwood/File Hills/Qu' Appelle district over a burial ground has been settled by the provincial government. Saskatchewan's Indian and Native Affairs Secretariate has announced an agreement between the Chiefs and Davis, a Fort Qu ' Appelle automobile dealer who wanted to build two condominiums on four lots in downtown Fort Qu' Appelle. While Mr. Davis was digging foundations earlier this year, he uncovered bones from an Indian burial ground. When the Chiefs won a court injunction to stop the digging, the province intervened. Archeologists soon unearthed 130-year old bones of about 27 people. Gravesiteat Fort Qu ' Appelle 37 �VerneBellegarde(First Vice-Chief FSIN) reviews the gravesitein Fort Qu' Appelle. Under the agreement, the Chiefs' council will buy the two lots on which most of the skeletons and funeral art-ifacts were found. Remains from Mr. Davis' other two lots will be reburied there. The province then will buy the two remaining lots to build a court house and the Indians will lease theirs to the province for a park. For three days each year, Indians will have the exclusive right to the park "to commemorate the dead who lie buried there and to celebrate their significant histor~c days.'' The Chiefs' will also commission a sculpture or monument for the park. Did You Know Starblanket Band Farm Began in the 1880 1 s? by Martha Ironstar '' Ancestors of the Starblanket Band began farming establishments in the late 1800's in the area of livestock mainly, where cattle, horses and sheep were raised. In the 1920's grain farming came into existence, while livestock farming still persisted. The participants by this time were such people as Charles Bigknife, Victor Starr, Joe Starr, deceased Louis Starr and others. These first farmers and those who have struggled through the successive decades, experiencing the yearly problems of farming are, in spirit, the genesis and inspiration of the Starblanket Farm today,'' said Gerry Starr, Manager of the Farm. The Starblanket Farm was funded principally from four main agencies in the period 1972 to 1982. Total funding of $600,000.00 in this period. The Starblanket Band Special ARDA Dree SIAP Other agencies -CW ,IAB ,WOP $210,000 175,000 105,000 110,000 $600 ,000 ''The threat of drought, the rise of interest rates, the tight money situations, the soaring costs of conducting farm business, are only a few of the many challenges Indian farmers face today,'' said Starr. Starblanket Farm , through it's council, and the conscientious efforts of Gerry, Willard, Gilbert Sr., Mervin Kinequon and George Starr are willing and able to meet the challenges of the 80' s. To this end, the band has 35% 29% 18% 18% 100% The farm is administered and directed by the council of the Band, along with two other Band members, and is not presently incorporated, however the farm maintains it's own set of records. Although numerous changes have occured throughout the years, the Band's original objective remain the same today. That is to promote the interest of Indian peopl~ in agriculture, a nd to develop an economically viable farm unit. Band Farm property. 38 considered and instituted several alternatives. They are: • to understand agriculture related training courses • purchase adequate farming machinery • institute the uses of chemicals and fertilizers • ladies of the Band to implement courses, host functions • youth involvement in summer employment ex. 4-H • discussing Housing and Land Use policies • use of front end loaders for transporting hay and winter feed • implementation of a cropping plan • use of grain dryer • garage and grain feeding with the use of mix mills as well as pasture rotation. Since 1972, the farm has paid out some $550,000.00 in wages. Honored by visits from Secretary of Aboriginal Economic Policy - Australia, Mr. Bill Gray, Chinese delegation relative to state farms, visits by other reserves and by Manitoba and Ontario Indian Agriculture Program delegations. The livestock herd has increased from O in 1972 to 500 head in 1985 but the farm is currently in the feedlot area, with individuals in the cow/calf areas . Cultivated acreage has increased from O in 1972 to 3500 in acres today. Total land being utilized by the Farm either as pasture of cultivation is now 10,500 form one in 1972. �Around 1974 when the Farm had a basic herd of about 65 head, there was no water facilities. The workers had to haul the water, pail by pail in order to water the herd over winter. They contributed some 50,000 hours which represents 1/3 of the total hours in the last nine years. There are other workers who have assisted this farm over the years ( some 76,000 hours) and Gerry would like - to thank these people as well, they are; Brian, Allan, Marcel, Michael, Lindsay, Gilbert, Lynn, Leslie, Dennis Starr, deceased Floyd Kinequon, Allan, Albert, Albert and Gilbert Keewatin, William Akapew, Sidney, Robert and Ken Akapew, Jake and Ryan Akapew. In conclusion, Mr. Gerry Starr extends best wishes to everyone mentioned during the festive season and the ensuing years ahead. Tri-Reserve H unt ers an d T rappers Have Pow-Wow with Wildlife Officers LITTLE BLACK BEAR COMMUNITY PROFILE. by Martha Ironstar Band: Little Black Bear . Chief: Clarence A . Bellegarde . Councillors : Gilbert W . Bellegarde , William Bellegarde , Eldon B. Bellegarde, George P. Bellegarde . Reserve Name and Number: Little Black Bear Reserve #84 . Land Base : 17,058 acres . Location :40 miles NE of Fort Qu' A ppelle . Little Black Bear signed Treaty 4 on Sept. 15, 1894. Population: Statistics as of 1984; On-reserve-105 , Off-reserve-123,Total of 228. Accessability: The reserve is accessable by road . Public Services: The reserve has a health clinic and Band office . Many homes and other facilities have individual water systems and trucked distribution . There are power and telephone services . Main Economic Base : Agricultural-there is some employment provided through Band administration and public works. by Mary-Ann Ketchemonia A recent meeting held in Keeseekoose was quite informative to local Indian treaty hunters from Keeseekoose, Cote and Key Reserves. Charles Tourangeau opened the meeting with a prayer. Chief Albert Musqua from the Keeseekoose Band realized band members on his reserve do a lot of hunting, fishing and trapping. He was quite concerned about any kind of legal issues the hunters might be burdened with, so he organized an informational workshop inviting the game wardens from the Duck Mountain Provincial Park and the Porcupine Provincial Park, better known as the Hudson Bay. The neighboring reserves, Cote and Key were invited to participate. As a result, hunters and interested people of about 100 attended this workshop at St. Philips School gymnasium on November 21, 1985. The local game wardens, Garnet Murray, John Edward and Roy Wall from the Hudson Bay-Woody Lake area gave prese~tations on the jurisdictions of their areas. They gave map outline details where an Indian can go out and hunt for food. The methods and limitations were questioned from the floor by by the hunters. The officers clearly stated that Indian hunters can hunt anytime, by any method without limitations of game in areas where they have access to. The question of roads was brought up by one of the local hunters and the officers stated that people cannot hunt from any numbered highway. They were told that they can go and hunt 400 yards off of each side of the highway. Charles Tourangeau of the Cote Band questioned the officers about permits enabling one to shoot out of a vehicle. The officers stated that such permits are issued from Regina and are given to hunters with a doctor ' s certificate stating that they are unable to get out of a vehicle to shoot at wild game. Various questions concerning the Safety Measures Act, attitude of officers, arresting procedures of officers was generally a hot topic. The officers were almost apologetic on some of the methods of giving out tickets. Band Councillor, Leonard Ketchemonia, who was chairman of the meeting skillfully kept the meeting in order, in spite of the hostility the people have against the Wildlife Act which they believe in infringing on many Indian treaty rights. Councillor Gerald Straightnose of Keeseekoose made a strong stand about the Wildlife Federation's propaganda against Indian hunting. He stated the provincial government is selling out game by selling licences for profit. He does not believe that an Indian has to have a licence for game, to cut wood and to trap. He clearly stated that game has been set aside by Indian people during the time of treaties for Indian benefit. He would like to question where all the licence 39 money goes that should really go back to the Indian by right. He also does not like the provincial government having the Wildlife Federation dictating laws for their Wildlife Act and went further by stating that Indians are being blamed for depletion of game. He strongly denied that Indians are killing off game but this is being done by modernism. He does not want his people to be dragged into the courtrooms because of Indians wanting to put food on the table. One spokesman also made similar sta :ements but flatly disagrees with 400 yard no-hunting zones on roadwa_,s as contrary to treaty, slowly we are giving more and more of our treaties up and this is going a little too far . FSIN first Vice-Chief, Vern Bellegard made some recommendations to the assembly that the lines of communication are long overdue. He also stated for those people who have permissions to go on certain lands to hunt, a signed document would be to their advantage. Fourth Vice-Chief, Sterling Brass also commended this assembly for having sessions of this type in where an actual education process transpires. He also recommended that a local level consisting of a few band members and area conservation officers could be established. In conclusion, this meeting was very beneficial to everyone that attended. �NORTH BATTLEFORD DISTRICT Band Reaches Milestone at Communiplex Opening Elder Alex Gopherpreparesto cut the ribbonwhile Rodney Gopherand Chief GabrielGopher(right) look on. by Archie King SAULTEAUX "We are gathered here today to bless and officially open this communiplex which will serve two important functions for the band: as a centre for our band government and administration as a centre of the delivery of public and human services,'' said Chief Gabriel Gopher during the ribbon-cutting ceremony. Also taking part in the ceremony included Band Councillors Rod Gopher, Archie Moccasin and Ray Martin, District Manager for Indian Affairs while Elder Alex Gopher performed the ribbon-cutting. Other words of praise were delivered by Dwayne Adams, Regional Director of National Health and Welfare, Ray Martin and Dan Goodleaf of District and Regional Department of Indian Affaii:,s. The new structure will house the Administration offices, Health Clinic and Fire Hall. Recently-elected First Vice-Chief of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Vern Belle garde said, "It takes years of hard work and dedication to finally see the fruits of your labour and it will make it easier for you to carry out programs and to handle the administrative duties,'' as he made his first official visit at Lhe band level. "As Indian people, we have to able to govern ourselves. We have to know where we are going, and we will need the leadership to get there. It is you people on the Saulteaux Reserve that tell the Chief and Council what you want and as an Executive member it is my duty to listen to the Chief and Council of the province to further their wishes and to continue to uphold and maintain and protect our treaty rights," added Bellegarde. Also, "This facility is designed to meet the challenge of tommorrow, this momentous occasion still opens another chapter in the proud and noble history of the Saulteaux Band and it is noteworthy that the foresight of this Band Office is from the wisdom and strength of Band leadership," said Dan Goodleaf during the evening banquet. Goodleaf also committed funds to the Band to conduct a plan for an extension to the school. Carrying the portfolio as Project Manager of the development, Councillor Archie Moccasin directed a debt of gratitude to the Chief, project management team and to federal officials who were involved in the project. ''The new communiplex is a symbol of solid project management and it is a facility which the Band, Indian Affairs and Medical Services can be 40 proud of,'' said Moccasin. Also revealed by Moccasin were various projects the Band would be pursuing in the near future. "Band governments need effective executive management and the leadership from the Chief and Council, which occurs as it's founding," said Rod Gopher. Meanwhile, "The official opening of the Saulteaux Communiplex bear witness to a proce~s of careful planning and strategic management for we have proven our ability to plan, we have proven our ablility to work constructively with federal officials, we have proven our ability to marshal Band resources to manage our projects and we have proven that Indian government and leadership works in a concrete fashion,'' said Chief Gopher. ''The Communiplex is both an expression and result of self-reliance and band govenment in action, for we are in a better position now to monitor the treaty responsibilities of the Crown, to maintain effective intergovernmental affairs with Indian, federal and provincial governments and to maintain effective executive and program management,' ' said Gopher. Also, Chief Gopher gave special recognition to the Band's project rµ-anagement team who so effectively and efficiently handled the project. Concluding Chief Gopher asked for support from Band members in giving respect and recognition to one of it's own. ''Wisdom comes from the body of our Band's culture and traditions, but this wisdom is also found in Lawrence Katcheech, a man who has provided long and outstanding service to the people of Saulteaux and to the Band Council," said Chief Gopher. �Talent Show Provides Top Talent Oliver Wuttunee, on fiddle , with Winston Wuttunee on guitar (left) . NOR TH BA TTLEFORD - A vocalist from a near-by community recently won the best all-aro~ performer at the third annual talent show sponsored by the Battlefords' Indian Health Centre located in this city. Kelvin Colliar of Meota was chosen as the top performer at the annual talent show sponsored by the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Centre. Colliar's rendition of "Farmer's Song" was enhanced with stage presentations and a strong booming voice. It was hosted by local radio station, CJNB's David Dekker and co-hosted by Chief Lawrence Weenie of Poundmaker. The gala event was held to raise funds for the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Centre's programs not funded by the Health Centre. Also, judges for the event included Franz Ziedler of Battleford and Henry Bartel and Francois Lamathe of North Battleford. According to Dekker, the one performer who stole the hearts of many was Anita Starbla~et, a four year old. She performed a duet with her father Cedric Starblanket from the Sandy Lake Indian Reserve. The duet later won the novelty category. Other event winners included best female vocalist, Anita Cardinal from Onion Lake and best male vocalist went to David King from Meadow Lake. Honorable mentions went to Donald Delorme of Cochin and Paul Bottolfson of Cutknife and best junior performance went to Laurie Church of Meadow Lake. Annie Stone of the Mosquito Indian reserve and Harry Delorme of Cochin shared the prize for golden age performance. The best duet was won by Liz Hurlburt and Gary Vermette of the city. Tied for the best instrumental was Oliver Wuttunee of Red Pheasant and Ernest Eyahpaise of Beardy's Indian reserve. The ever popular jiggers included junior Charlotte Ehaypaise of Beardy' s Indian reserve and senior, Irene Caplette of Saskatoon. Each event winner received $25, a keeper plaque and a trophy which will be displayed at the Indian Health Centre. During the program, carried live on C]NB radio, director of the Indian Health Centre said that the money raised from last year's show went to the cultural camp held on Sweetgrass Indian reserve. '' This year's money will be primarily earmarked for community awareness programs dealing with alcohol and drug abuse.'' said Alma King. The director of the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Centre, Ben Weenie, said the centre provides counselling services, counselling programs, school and community awareness workshops and this year we have a youth worker. The total money raised from businesses in the area and from phone pledges hit the $3,000 mark but could reach higher. Kelly Atcheynum and the Laredo Band which includes Joe Murray, Fergie Olson and Rod and Clifford Laplante provided the back-up music for the performers and also for the dance which followed. 41 Anita Starblanket, four years old, gets helpfrom dad, Cedric Starblanket . �Official Opening of Band Office MOSQUITO - ''Today marks a very special day for us to be operating from an office like this one, for the past years we have been operating from a renovated house and moving from year to year.'' said Chief Doug Moosomin during the official opening ceremony of its temporary administrative centre. Chief Moosomin' s welcome address came at the official opening of the temporary band office located at the community's school site. The modern building is on loan from the district department of Indian Affairs. Chief Moosomin also said the building is only temporary and that Indian and Northern Affairs Canada has committed another office in '86-87, written in black and white. Also on hand at the official opening were regional director qf INAC Dan Goodleaf, director of Operations Alex Printer, district manager of INAC Ray Martin, district Chief representative Chief Gabriel Gopher, Indian elders Annie Stone and John Moosomin and members of band council, band employees and various band members. Ceremonies were brief due to the windy conditions. Martin emphasized that he has only been in the area for six months and although the opening of the band office is his first accomplishment, he vowed this is only one of many more to come. Earlier, Goodleaf also said, ' 'We would only provide new offices on a temporary basis. I have felt that when INAC has provided offices, it usually lasted for 15 years. I guaranteed the Chief that we would not repeat that same period of 15 years. ' ' Adding his support, ''I want to congratulate Chief Doug Moosomin and his council for getting a facility like this one which they worked long for. I know the frustrations they went through this last year." said Chief Gopher. Following the congratulatory messages elders Annie Stone and John Moosomin presented traditional gifts to Dan Goodleaf and Ray Martin while school principal George Faver presented Chief Moosomin a flower plaque. Capping the cceremonies the group were treated to a chicken lunch held at the school. Don Pooyak Elected Chief Don Pooyak SWEETGRASS' - Don Pooyak was elected Chief of Sweetgrass Indian Band. During the band council elections held November 25, 1985, Pooyak defeated hopefuls, former Chief Gordon Albert and newcomer Henderson Paskamin. Rod Atcheynum did not seek re-election but returned to re-open his grocery store. Also, successful for councillors included Wesley, Fred, Augustine and Adam Pakamin, Tom Opum, Solomon Albert, Ken White and the the only female council member , Alice Albert. The band council were elected for a two year term. Erasmus Visits Indian Leader by Archie King NOR TH BA TTLEFORD President of Assembly of First Nations (AFN) was not singing 'On the Road Again' when he held a 3 ½ hour meeting with Indian leaders at the Tropics Inn located in this city. According to Georges Erasmus he has been travelling to various Indian communities, since his election, on a fact-finding tour regarding the past performance of Assembly of First Nations. Addressing the sparse crowd, Erasmus said, "I am interested in having a dialogue with people and I am open as to how the assembly should be changed or what approach we need to take to keep one end to the other of this country satisfied in how the organization works for everybody.'' Stating that changes are in motion in the national organization Erasmus said, "We have begun some restructure at the national level, we are looking at how the assembly can be more of a service to people and get the impetus of people in areas, achieving rights, assisting chiefs in getting more funding, more programs and getting day to day problems solved at the district level. ' ' '' I like to do something in treaties but I need instructions, very clear instructions as to what you want.'' added Erasmus. Responding to the volley of questions directed at him, Chief Erasmus was noncommital and directed the force of questions towards parties concerned. Alex Kennedy, former executive member of FSI, inquired as how to get the two groups, PTNA and AFN together so that they can start working together. Chief Erasmus responded, ~'We need to take a lesson from our past, the way all first nations had respect 42 for each other, at anytime our first nation spoke, there was silence as people paid attention, listened with their hearts as they tried to comprehend what the person was saying. We don't do that anymore, for we are extremely bureaucratic and we are more interested in getting the majority to vote our way.'' Chief Don Pooyak of Sweetgrass inquired about Bill C-31, the Constitution, the First Minister's conference · and the AFN Assembly, which Chief Erasmus said will be hosted by Newfoundland, a neutral territory. Various leaders also directed questions leading with treaties, in relation to PTNA and AFN, which according to Chief Erasmus still considers as a voting member of AFN until written withdrawal is received. Chief Erasmus later paid a visit to the Yorkton District, which consists of seven Indian bands. �Unveil Mass Grave by Archie King BATTLEFORD - ''We are not here to pass judgement on the Indian people who lie buried here in this mass grave, that was done 100 years earlier when they were arraigned for acts of violence during the Rebelion but, this gravesite marker will serve as a call to peace and a reminder that violence and war is never the solution,'' said Culture and Recreation Minister Rick Folk. The comments came as Folk was addressing a sparse crowd during the mass grave dedication ceremony of Indian people hung at Fort Battleford and buried below the hill north of the fort. The Indians included Little Bear, Wandering Spirit, Miserable Man, Round the Sky, Manachoos, and N apaice or Iron Body for participating in the Frog Lake Massacre and Man-Without-Blood for killing a farmer and Ikteh for Killing an Indian agent. Attending the unveiling of the interpretive sign included chairman of the North West Centennial Advisory Committe ·d (NWCAC), Irwin McIntosh; Chief Lawrence of Poundmaker, NWCAC member Gordon Tootoosis; researcher Harvey Johnson, director of the NWCAC; Alderman Stan Rick Folk delivers a short messageat gravesite. Grover and Gordon Yards and event orgamzers. Whether it was because of the subzero temperature, not much was said but still Chief Weenie noted the event got together both Indian and nonIndian, on friendlier terms, 100 years after the event and also, Tootoosis noted that the gravesite had no headstone, teepee poles and a permanent interpretive sign, which will be completed in the spring. ''This mass grave commemoration is the last historical date of any significance in the North West Rebellion,'' added McIntosh. Funding for the event was about $14,000, a project shared equally by Battleford and NWCAC. The NWCAC mone was obtained through a grant from the provincial Department of Culture and Recreation. Interview with Chuck Cameron by Martha lronstar Native Police Co-ordinator, Chuck Cameron talked recently with ''Saskatchewan Indian" about the Native Special Constable Program. The . following was discussed in the . . ' mterv1ew. Saskatchewan Indian: When did the program begin? Chuck Cameron: The Native Special Constable Program begin in January of 197 5 with a troop of eleven or twelve. Saskatchewan Indian: What is the objective of the program? Chuck Cameron: To achieve a positive relationship and commuinication with Indians in Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan Indian: Tell us about the program. Chuck Cameron: When selected, trainees go in to the R. C . M. P. barracks in Regina where they are instructed on care and handling of prisoners, first aid, self-defense, swin nimg, general physical fitness, hygiene, Human Relations Training such as effective speaking, dealing with anger, etc. The list goes on to include: report writing, typing, crisis intervention, drill, crowd control, firearm use, driving skills, academic orientation, cross-cultural issues, history of the force, Laws such as the Criminal Code, Federal Statutes, R.C.M.P. Act, restricted/prohibited drugs, serving supoenas and warrants, police identification services, and recently Police and community 43 relations programs. and Crime Prevention Saskatchewan Indian: What is the ultimate goal of the program? Chuck Cameron: The ultimate goal is to have a police population that reflects the province. Saskatchewan Indian: Do you believe that the relationships between the Indian people and police have improved through the program? Chuck Cameron: Yes. Saskatchewan Indian: Concerning full-time policing on Little Pine and Poundmaker reserves, how is this venture doing? Chuck Cameron: It's effective, we have community support which counts for a lot. In 1981 we establish- �ed a satellite office in a cabin on the reserve and we have two Native Special Constables working out of it. We would like to see it expanded to other reserves. Saskatchewan Indian: How many trainees so far? Chuck Cameron: There will be 61 hired Native Special Constables in the province after the January troop is finished in 1986. This number includes the Constables who have entered the regular force. Saskatchewan Indian: How many Special Constables have entered the regular police force? Chuck Cameron: Ten, one female and nine males. Within the Native Special Constable Program there has been five females so far. Another term for the Native Special Constable Program is the 3-b Option Special Constable Program. This is because the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Chief who was then Dave Ahenakew opted for the 3-b program instead of Tribal police and so forth. Saskatchewan Indian: How many intakes does the program have in a year? Chuck Cameron: It varies ... but generally there are six to seven trainees per troup. Saskatchewan Indian: Who would be your ideal trainee? 8th ANNUAL CULTURAL WEEK Cp - SIFC POW-WOW March 22 & 23, AgribitionBuilding 1986 Regina Exhibition Park (use Lewvan Drive entrance) Regina Saskatchewan Men's Golden Age (50 years and older) 1st $500 2nd $350 3rd $200 4th $100 Ladies'Golden Age (50 years and older) 1st $500 2nd $350 3rd $200 4th $100 Girls' 16 & Under Traditional 1st $100 2nd $ 75 3rd $ 50 4th $ 25 Boys' 16 & Under Traditional 1st $100 2nd $ 75 3rd $ 50 4th $ 25 Men's Grass Dance 1st $500 2nd $350 3rd $200 4th $100 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Ladies'Traditional $500 $350 $200 $100 Girls' 16 & Under Fancy 1st $100 2nd $ 75 3rd $ 50 4th $ 25 Boys' 16 & Under Fancy 1st $100 2nd $ 75 3rd $ 50 4th $ 25 Men's Traditional $500 $350 $200 $100 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Men's Fancy 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Team Dancing Top Four Teams Ladies'Fancy $500 $350 $200 $100 - Singing Contest $500 $350 $200 $100 All Drums Must RegisterSingers No Drum Hopping Drum Money Paid Dally Supper Served to Elders, Singers and Dancers $200.00 each Tiny Tots Dance (7 years & under) Non-competition - day money only GRAND ENTRY 12:30 p.m. & 7:00 p.m. DAILY Traditional Giveaway Special Daily Performances: Eagle Dance, Hoop Dance All RegistrationclosedNoon Sunday Committee Members President: Sid Fiddler Elder Advisor: Bill Peigan Drum Keeper: Oliver Brass Vice-President: Rick Favel Arena Directors: Morris Manyfingers Blair Stonechild Secretary: Carol Cyr Registration : Sharon Carrier No Alcohol or Drugs Allowed Committee Not Responsible for Injury or Accommodation For Information Call: (306) 584-8333 Chuck Cameron: A Native person who met medical requirements, eyesight good, physically fit, driver's license, a grade ten education, a desire to become a police officer and to work with Native communities to provide a sensitive policing service, an understanding of Native culture, to develop a relationship between Native people and police, and good linguistic qualifications, (knowledge of a Native language). Saskatchewan Indian: How is the program relationship regarded within the force? Chuck Cameron:' Our own force, we support the program and we can see the benefit. The Special Constables, they don't work apart, they work in concert with the force and this eases racial tensions. Although the trainees would like to see some changes, more administrative internal changes. Saskatchewan Indian: What's in the future for the Native Special stable Program? Chuck Cameron: Conceivably, it would be under an Indian Jusitice system, which would be part of Indian self-government, there will be an Indian Police Force, outside the R.C.M.P. In the meantime the responsibility is ours, the most effective way to provide good policing for Native communities is through the involvement of the Native Special Constables in our force. Saskatchewan Indian: How are the trainees funded? Chuck Cameron: Trainees are hired and put on a payroll. They get $24,808 a year with a Federal percentage paid by Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. For all other members outside Special Constable program the Federal percentage is paid through the Solicitor General's Department. Saskatchewan Indian: Have you any further comments? Chuck Cameron: Since the inception of the program we have received the Indian people's support through their elected officials, this is necessary to help the Native Special Constables provide effective policing service. We also encourage anyone interested to apply. This can be done by contacting your nearest detachment of R.C.M.P. Toll Free in Canada: 1-800-667-8060 SIFC - SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN FEDERATED COLLEGE under the jurisdiction of the Indian Governments of Saskatchewan, Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations 44 �57th Anniversary -\: ➔ ·-Abraham and Annie Stone prepare to cut cake. CANO 0Relatives and friends ~e to help celebrate with Abraham and Annie Stone on their 57th Anniversary recently held in this neighboring community. Earlier, Abraham and Annie received their marriage vows during a ceremony performed by Reverend David Lajeunesse of Saskatoon. During the banquet, Master of Ceremonies, Gavin Wuttunee introduced the head table guests including Chief Doug Moosomin, Noel and Solomon Stone and Cecil Wuttunee. After enjoying a feasty meal prepared by the ladies the gathering listened to speeches by members of the family. Solomon Stone delivered an emotional speech on behalf of the four members of the family. Grandson Mervin Stone cited a memorial message representing the 42 grandchildren. Great-grandchild Andrea Rowan said a remarkable piece representing the 62 great grandchildren. Chief Moosomin also said that the elders play an important role at functions but also at band coucil meetings. In conclusion, Cecil Wuttunee gave a toast to the bride and groom. Delivering her closing remarks, "During our marriage, we've had many good times and some bad times, but the reason we've had such a successful life together is that we struggled together through the bad times until the good times returned. We were not a perfect pair in our younger years. We had our family problems but we always reconciled.'' said Annie Stone. MEADOW LAKE DISTRICT The Big C Ban~ Behind Their Chief \. The garage does a brisk business. \ 'i\_ I '-\ 45 l Ill by Deanna Wuttunee LA LOCHE - The Big C Band, 10 miles east of La Loche, was formed in 1981 through the monumental efforts of Chief Frank Piche. Through a band referendum, the band members named the reserve after him to show their gratitude. To obtain the present site (7055 acres), the band traded straight across with the province for another parcel ofland. Since the move from the town of La Loche, 85 % of the people have quit drinking. Although housing is limited, more people are moving into the reserve. The population now totals 400. While living in La Loche, �problems were not only alcohol related but also arose from paying taxes and lack of resources to maintain homes. However, the new band is off to a good start. Although the children are bussed to La Loche for school, a complex is in the works to accommodate kindergarten to grade three. A store has been established on the reserve alon with a garage, a welding shop, taxi service, arcade and billiards, a . band construction company and a , glass outlet which serves the residential, auto and commercial need of the . community. There are seasonal jobs available in housing and forestry work. The band is in the process of putting in a sewage system. The people still hunt, fish and trap, primarily for domestic use but the band members also have a market for fish in Buffalo Narrows. Band members have retained their Chippewan language. There are plans to insert outdoor survival training in the curriculum once the new school is in operation. Piche has been chief for the past 10 · years and has four more to go, but public life has taken its toll. Last year, he spent 29 nights at home with his family. However, he says he wants nothing but the best for his people and all he is asking is that services and funding due to his band be delivered at long last. It has been neglected for too long. Before his term is over, Piche wants to see a sewer system in place for the community as well as a gym and drop-in centre for the youth. Then he Bottom left: Big C Band Office 46 plans to step down as his family have sacrificed tremendously to enable him to do his work . He also wants to work for the implementation of Indian government. Until Indian people can decide their own destiny, they will continue to suffer. Even traditional hunting rights are being jeopardized and this impacts on the community since it is a source of food, he said. Commenting on Bill C-31, Piche foresaw some problems unless the federal government also brings in the extra resources Qand, public services and funds) needed to deliver services to the new membership. He said the bill was a tactic of the government to erode treaty rights. ''There are 150-300 people affected by the bill in this community. The best way is for new members to get their own land with their own chief ar.id start from scratch. This is the only ~ way it will work.'' said Chief Piche. �YORKTON DISTRICT Erasmus Visits Yorkton District /...,, . ,, / First Vice-Chief of FSIN Verne Bellegarde addressed Erasmus. by Deanna Wuttunee YORKTON - In an attempt to sweep away some cobwebs of confusion that surrounds relations between the Assembly of First Nations (AFN) and the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (FSIN), the Yorkton District Chiefs invited AFN Chief Georges Erasmus to an informal meeting, December 5. Emotions ran high as Erasmus fielded questions for over three hours from the gathering of over 100 people. Questions were blunt and answers forthright as the group sought to cleanse some wounds from the past and clarify positions and concerns. ''I'm telling you right now, I'm going to do everything I can to make one strong organization.'' declared Erasmus, who attributed the reason for the conflict wait the strong emotions and the strong leaders involved. Erasmus was elected national chief, July 30, in Vancouver defeating incumbent David Ahenakew. Relations have since been strained between the AFN and FSIN. Communications have been almost non-existent. Since then FSIN has been a leader in focusing efforts to rejuvenate The Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance as the organization to protect and enhance treaty rights. A major concern of several members at the meeting was that the treaty position was drastically changed at The First Ministers' roundtable as to be unrecognizeable from its original position. Erasmus said that if the Constitutional Working group was not working then it is time to change it. Several members of the assembly called for a directive to be sent to FSIN Chief Sol Sanderson to meet with Erasmus to begin the massive task of hammering out a position for further entrenchment of the Treaties. Vice President Sterling Brass of the FSIN said: ''The treaties are international agreements that we have to protect at all costs. We cannot let personality differences be our quiding Chairperson was District Bellegarde. 47 Representative, principles. If we're ging to be like that, then it's time to make room for other leaders. I say this to you too, George.'' Brass said that Indian people have to negotiate, at any expense, how they are going to further entrench treaties in the constitution or time will lapse and the opportunity gone. ''If this fight (AFN and FSIN) continues at our expense and you guys don't want to set it aside, then let us get somebody else who is man enought to get the work done!" added Brass. Erasmus' position was that he was prepared to meet with Sanderson. However, he was not waiting with baited breath whether FSIN will separate under the umbrella of PTNA or stay in AFN. AFN is not an association of provincial organizations but an organization of chiefs. His mandate was to make one strong national organization. But he was prepared to initiate meetings with FSIN under any terms. Other topics of concern were funding for Bill C-31, the First Ministers' Conferences, AFN funding, incumbent Dave Ahenakew and his record and Erasmus' meetings with Federal Indian Affairs Minister Dave Crombie. Erasmus denied sending any directive to Crombie's office regarding FSIN funding arrangements. AFN Chief Georges Erasmus �ENTERTAINMENT Book Review by Deanna Wuttunee SPIRIT OF THE BISON Pemmican by Beatrice Culleton Publications Inc., Winnipeg, 1985 ($6.95) The White Bison is a plea that goes beyond the cry for self determination for Indian people. It pleads that mankind learn from past mistakes because the magnitude of weapons are escalating in an alarming rate. Protecting philosophies and values phased on control and power is so romanticized in movies that past tragedies like the massacre of buffalo to control Indian people and the killing of six million Jews lose significance and impact. Even the nuclear threat touches only a few. The future of man may very well rest on few being heard. The White Bison is an analogy between the extinction of the buffalo and the extinction of mankind being a deliberate, calculated and uniformed risk. The tale is narrated by the White Buffalo in sensitive yet simple style to engage the attention of youngsters. Women and children will enjoy this book. Beatrice Culleton is well in the way to becoming a well-known writer of prairie literature. She also wrote In Search of April Raintree. RADIO PLAY REVIEW by Deanna Wuttunee ACOOSE - MAN STANDING ABOVE GROUND by Janice Acoose-Pelletier Janice Acoose-Pelletier wanted to write a good story. So she wrote about a person that has influenced her a great deal, her grandfather, Paul Acoose of the Sakimay Reserve. Paul was a long-distance runner undeniably of the same calibre as Tom Longboat, the famous Onondagan Indian. He beat the Onondagan once. "It was a good story and the cultural aspect of Indian life has to be told and passed on. My grandfather was an inspiration because he was fighting to retain pride. So much has been taken from Indians, including pride. '' said Acoose- Pelletier. Acoose- Pelletier works for the KaTimAim * Media Productions Ltd. in Saskatoon which was established to tell history from the Indian viewpoint. CBC, Telefilm and the provincial education department have all invested time and money for KaTipAim work. Man Standing Above Ground has some minor problems with continuity at the beginning but is excellent on the whole. It was wonderful to see work of this calibre produced by and based on the life of a Saskatchewan Indian. I enjoyed it because of the sense of joy and well-being conveyed. Indians have respected the land and nature since time immemorial. To have a talent that complimented these values must have been rewarding indeed. * KaTipAim was shortened from Katipayimsocik which means to have control over ourselves. AND BABY MAKES THREE by Richard Agecoutay My Porsche 911 purrs smoothly as I zip down the freeway at a stiff 120 m.p.h. Well weathered leather, hot metal and oil, the breeze in my hair, the blur of landscape. Every nerve is aware. Pushing the limits of man and machine. This is heaven, a cool crisp autumn, a sleek sports car, an open road. It doesn't get much better than this. Wait a minute. I hear a loud ringing. Where's it coming from? There's no other car on the road, yet the ringing is getting louder, it's getting too loud now. I'd better stop and find out where it's coming from. Ring, ring, 48 ring, when will it stop? Hey, wait a second. Where did my Porsche go??? The crisp country air ... The blur of the landscape. Oh, jee-whiz! ! It was only a dream, but that ringing is not a dream. I quess I'd better go and answer it. ' over a chair and As I get up, I stumble find the door. The phone continues to ring. As I race up the stairs, I stub my toe on the first step and scrape my shin on the third one. The phone continues to ring. By now I'm dizzy from getting up too fast. I must answer the phone and kill whoever is on the other end. As I limp up the stairs to the kitchen, I notice the time - 2 a.m. Who could be calling at this time of the night? It has now become a quest. I must answer the phone or die. As I round the kitchen corner I see it, the cause of my pain - the phone - and it's ringing even louder. As I limp towards it my dad comes out of his room and snatches it off the receiver. By now I'm ready to kill. I overcome my need to kill when I hear my dad talk to the party on the other end of the phone. By the way he's talking, it seems that whoever is calling must be talking in jibberish. "Slow down. What's that, Pat? I can't understand you, you'll have to speak slower. Uh-huh, really, when? At what time? Boy or girl? How much? Okay, I'll tell the boys." By this -time my brother gets up and all three of us are standing in the hallway in our jockey shorts. My dad hangs up the phone. On his face is an expression that looks like he's the proud owner of a prizewinning dog or something. He is just beaming. He sucks in his stomach and sticks out his large chest and blurts out, "Pam just had a baby girl." This, of course looks sort of funny. There is my dad standing there with this look of pride on his face and only his jockey shorts on. "She what?" I ask. "She had a �baby girl," he repeats. This, of course, calms me some, but now I'm curious. Pam is my older sister. She has been married to Pat for three years now and they have been trying to have a kid for as many years. Pam is a receptionist for Nova Oil and Pat is a building manager. When they wed, Pam decided to keep her maiden name and take on Pat's name as well, "McCormick". She also decided to change the spelling of our last name to match its pronunciation " Atjecoutay". I then start to quiz my dad on the particulars of the birth. He is still standing there with that look of pride on his face. "When did she have the baby?" I ask. I look at my dad who is obviously off somewhere in thought. He then replies, ''What?'' Remembering where he is, says, "Oh, the baby. She had it about an hour ago." It is 2:05 now, so that puts the birth at about 1 a.m., Friday, September 27. "How much did it weigh?" I ask. His reply: "Seven pounds, 4 ounces. A seven pound, four ounce brand new baby girl. ' ' By now my brother awakes from his standing slumber. "Huh? Who had what? What time is it?" My dad then tells him the facts and my brother replies, "Wake me up when it's five years old. ' ' With this, he turns around and walks into the wall and stumbles back to bed. I then inquire, ''What are they going to name it?" My dad looks at me and replies, "Holly-Beth." A blank and far away look appears on his face. Holly was the name of my late sister. She died of bone cancer on December 20, 19,s. She was only twelve years old. He must be thinking of her, judging from the look on his face. A small tear starts to form in his eye. He then wipes the tear away and says, "Tomorrow I'm taking a week's holiday and going to visit my first grandchild.'' He then turns around and goes back to bed. I stand there for awhile and then I hear him say "Holly-Beth." NOTE: INCA is a 2 year program of study leading to a Certificate in Indian Communications Arts accredited with the University of Regina. Students in INCA study the mass media - print, radio and television news reporting, photography, advertising, management, interviewing and writing. They also take classes in Indian studies, economics, art, history and Indian languages. For more information phone (306) 584-8333 or 1-800-8060 (toll free number) THE PLAY by Richard Keith Agecoutey On January 1 -8, a half hour radio play was produced at the CBC facilities in Regina. The play focuses on the life and times of the Indian long-distance runner, Paul Acoose. Janice Acoose, the great granddaughter of Paul, co-wrote and narrated the play. The play was co-produced and codirected by Wayne Schmultz, a CBC radio arts producer, and Will Campbell, a producer for Gabriel Crossings Productions. Gabriel Crossings is part of KITIP A VIM SOCHICK, a private consortium of native writers, producers and performing artists based in Saskatoon. The goal of this consortium is to produce such projects as this play, written, performed and produced by native people. Will Campbell was pleased with the results and hopes in the near future that his group will receive the same cooperation from the CBC as he and Janice received during this production. Janice, a long-distance runner herself, conceived the idea for this paly about a year ago. At the time it was a mere dream, but now that dream has transormed into reality due to J aQice' s hard work, determination and the love of her grandfather. Paul Acoose was a world class longdistance runner from 1900 to 1910. He has been inducted in the Saskatchewan Sports Hall of Fame for his achievements. Held the world record for a 15-mile race a,t a time of 1 hour, 22 minutes, 22 se~onds. During his career he has beat Tom Longboat in a race that was called the Redskin Chapionship of the World. He ran professionally for only a short time, brief was his career, but long living is his legend. The part of Paul Acoose was played by Albert Sheepskin. Alex Wolf played the part of Samuel Acoose. F. Nelson Smith, Paul's promoter, was played by William Butler. Dan David, a native writer and broadcaster for CBC Reginer, played the part of the reporter. Other bit parts were played by actors from the local actra union. · The play centers . around Paul's development as seen through the eyes of his granddaughter, Janice. During the play, Janice runs and has flashbacks of her grandfather, such as the first time she met him, and the stories he told her about his great races and some of his not-so-grtat races. During the play some of the events of his life are reinacted as well as some early parts of his life with his father, Samuel. The play was aired February 7 and 8 on February 7 it was played on CBC 340 at 8:00 p.m. and on February 8 it was aired at 8:00 on Stereo 98.6 F.M. PROFILES Winston Wuttunee by Deanna Wuttunee Winston Wuttunee will be performing at Expo '86 for three weeks in May. He views his musical and songwriting talents as sacred gifts from the Creator and therefore a responsibility. He uses his music as a medium of instruction for cultural awareness and life. Much of his time has been spent in schools and public events that are geared to Indian peo- 49 pie, especially youth. "A person who doesn't .know who they are have no responsibility to assume.'' he declared. ''Culture acts like a rudder through life.'' He talked of a little rose in the hearts of children and how they try to hide it. He said he's been blessed by the old people to bring out these little roses. He spoke of prophecies of elders �Winston poses with his family. (L to R) Les Maclean, Laura Calmwind, Wasaskwan Wuttunee, Rachel Wuttunee, Winston and Niska Calmwind Wuttunee. who have told him this was his destiny, his magic long before he knew it. Winston is a person of dreams. He spoke of dreams where the drum talked to him and took his hand. A dream revealed that ancestors camped at Batoche during Riel Days this summer. Some songs were given to him in dreams. See the Arrow, his biggest hit was revealed to him in a dream by Indians from the hereafter who have never had the chance to reveal their talents. It is a song that portrays the agonizing over the treaties by the Chiefs. As they signed, it was as if they were sending an arrow of hope and love into the hearts of every Indian person today. These songs are given to him usually after he has learned an important truth. He said, ''I learned who I am, my own personality. I realized that I am a role model for many Indians and that's one of the reasons why I quit drinking. I had to accept the responsibility of being a role model. It was scary. I thought I had to quit everything. Kids look up to me because I've done something." '' I never expect everyone to understand what I'm talking about when I perform because I already saw it in a dream that not everyone would.'' he added. He does not write to be clever but to be a winner. His music deals with every aspect of life. I Have a Horse for You, an analogy to Indians is about a good horse that has been abused by an inconsiderate person but whose spirit never died. Why, T'is Only in Death is a deeply philosophical song of his questioning, his desire to know the truth and his belief that we must remain childlike to facilitate spiritual growth. Kayas Nehiyau describes the freedom of yesteryear Indians and conveys a strong message of a sense of pride with Indians today. What Have You Got in Your Canoe deals with alcohol and drug abuse. Others deal with suicide, hope, romance and personal growth. Wipston and his wife, Sylvia, hold workshops wh~re each song is used as a topic for discussion, a concert with meaning. '' Indians bless nature with their songs. We were given this gift by the Creator. As soon as you sing an Indian song or participate in an Indian ceremony, your ancestors are right there with you. The reason for this is Winston expounds feelings about his music while holding Niska. 50 �\JiNsi oN\Jull.u.Ne~ ,J~ J,t . S.l DE ONE tl'd'd$ED/l1Y A MOOSE/ URBAN INOl,A N t NORTH TO ALAS KA / FOl.lB NIGHT$ DRU.NK / AN JNDIAN !.•ENT /i HH1H!R.TMAN TH E HIGH EST MOUNTAIN , w •·••. SIDETW O l\tiY""Ot(OMGAVE TO ME/ SONG OF THE ARCTIC/ SINGO BABY BLUES/ JIGGING § ...... AND JOKING Wi nston reads his music seriously. that you are your ancestors . ' ' he said . " Standing Room Only" was a CBC documentary on Winston David Wuttunee. Overseas engagements in other countries included France, Denmark, Cypress, Germany and 11 England. He ' s appeared in several radio and television programs as well as before Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II in Ottawa. Winston holds a Bachelor of Music degree from the University of Saskatchewan and has taught at the University of Brandon. He has lectured extensively on cross cultural awareness and music. Winston has composed 150 songs including the theme songs for the World Assembly of First Nations and " Our Native Land" CBC, Winnipeg. He SONGS FROM WABUN" featuring WINSTON WUTTUNEE S ide " A " Corne Fly With Us loo k Out Your Window The Animals Ta le (of Wa bun) The Snowy Tratl L rtt le Black Fly _.♦•· M r. Summer I Nam a rs · T~ s ;de " ff ' At The Kuchen Table White Snow "' .. . .·. , ...·. ·.•. .•·.·...·.•. , .··.· ·., , . .• . . ·, , ~ ~ ·· C , p ""..; J ~ :ia.i - The Little To '\.. . ·. p Dancing ' , ~,s;•;i B ird 51 SIDE 1 SIDE 2 DEAR• I'll ASK Y . OU A QUESTION HEART OF CEMENT THOSE SILLY CARES REMINISCING MARRIED AND STILL HANG UP STRANGER IT'S NO GOOD TO LOVE ANOTHER NO ONE HEARS RUNNING AROUND l"M SAD IS IT POSSIBLE �'· • 'f my ; ~l±b1 \:: yayaya • ..( SOME I ARRIOR friends • ' ~ :()N~wµlTY~~ .., SIDE1 SIDE 2 BY FUR AND FEATHERS THE BOO, BOOSONG BOSSYOLD DAD MOTHER'SLOVE FRIENDSHIP ti DADDY'S NOT MY i:RtENO has also contributed to the Canadian POOPYTHE BUFF~LO Dictionary of Music and has produced NINESTOSIN ~h eigth tapes. OMA NIKAMOUNIS Winston wants aspiring Indian LITTLE HIAWATHA,i PAPAHAKWAN musicians to train under him and ex- tends this invitation to anyone interested in his philosophy. He sends Spotlight on Caroline Goodwill by Martha lronstar NAME: Caroline Goodwill (nee Sanderson) PLACE OF BIRTH: File Hills Reserve (Peepeekisis) WORK: New Careers Corporation, 1260 - 8th Ave., newly elected President for Regina Native Women's Association. WHAT WOULD YOU RATHER DO? Write a book. PROUDEST MOMENT: When I became a mother, then a grandmother. DARKEST MOMENT: Death m family, losing my mom, dad and husband. WHAT BAD HABITS WOULD YOU LIKE TO BREAK? Habit of being too involved. LEISURE TIME ACTIVITY: Reading, good movies, visiting and shopping. WHAT DO YOU LIKE BEST IN OTHER PEOPLE? Honesty, straightforwardness, friendly, kind and forgiving. WHAT DO YOU DISLIKE IN OTHER PEOPLE? One who holds a grudge, one who gossips and one who can't face reality. GREATEST FEAR: Nuclear war FAVORITE FOOD: Chinese food FAVORITE DRINK: Iced tea FAVORITE MOVIE: On Golden Pond FA VO RITE SONG: Amazing Grace FAVORITE FANTASY: Going to Heaven FAVORITE BOOK: April Raintree WHOM ' DO YOU MOST ADMIRE? Liz Taylor WHAT DO YOU LIKE MOST ABOUT SASKATCHEWAN? Climate, the cold winters and warm summers. WHAT DO YOU DISLIKE MOST ABOUT SASKATCHEWAN? It's too flat and bare with not enough trees. HOW WOULD YOU CHANGE THE WORLD? So that everyone had employment that wanted to work and no one suffered from poverty. WHAT DO YOU THINK PEOPLE SAY WHEN YOU'RE NOT AROUND? I couldn't care less, if they don't have anything nice to say, then don't bother saying anything about me. Oust a gut feeling.) 52 one message to elders: "Personally, I have tried to remember things told to me by elders. They saw in me things they couldn't get across. I want to tell them I'm saying the things they wanted me to say." Allen Sapp to Receive Merit Award Allen Sapp, RCA, internationally known artist from North Battleford, is one of eight distinguished Saskatchewanians to be chosen as the first recipients of the Saskatchewan Award of Award of Merit. He will be invested with the new provincial honor by Lieutenant -Governor Frederick W. Johnson December 5 in Regina, along with Hilda Allen of Regina, along time threatrical director; Mildred Baldwin of Yorkton, a retired teacher and active volunteer; Dr.Jacob A. Brown, a professor of agricultural economics at the University of Saskatchewan; T.C. (Tommy) Douglas, former Premier of Saskatchewan; Dr. Frederick Gathercole of Saskatoon, retired educator; George Solomon, a prominent Regina businessman; and Dr. Phyllis Steele of Balcarres, a pioneering medical doctor and provincial coroner. The eight recipients were chosen from 228 nominations across the province by a 12 person advisory council chaired by E.M. Culliton, a former Chief Justice of the province. Paintings by Allen Sapp have been exhibited in Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Regina, Saskatoon, Toron- �to, Montreal and other centres in Canada, as well as in New York, Washington, Los Angeles and London, England. His paintings have been presented by the Government of Saskatchewan to Princess Margaret and by the Government of Canada to Governor General Schreyer on his retirement. In 1975, Allen Sapp was elected to the· Royal Canadian Academy of Arts and ('A CreeLife: TheArt of Allen Sapp)) was published in 1977. He has been featured in numerous documentary films including a 1985 CBC production entitled <<FourPrairie Artists)). Sapp was born on the Red Pheasant Reserve. He has encouraged youngsters' artistic abilities in many schools in the area through demonstrations and talks on his work and lifestyle. Sapp will receive a silver and enamel medal designed by Vic Sotropa manager of the federal government's Visual Identity Office. The medal is in the form of a stylized prairie lily on which is superimposed the provincial shield of arms surmounted by a crown. It is worn with a green and gold ribbon. He will also receive a lapel pin and scroll at the formal ceremony and dinner. prairie climate and our agriculture. Says one critic, "with charm and disarming simplicity, the Sapp paintings tell the universal story of people on the land". Allen Sapp's reverence for nature shines through the serenity, simplicity and fidelity of his work. Yet an international reputation has not come easily to Allen Sapp. In childhood and early youth he struggled against ill health and poverty. He had little schooling. He is a self-taught individual - whose natural talent and photographic memory enabled him to triumph against all odds. He underwent the cultural confusion of the In- dian coping with white man's society - yet emerged with his native culture and religion solidly confirmed. In so doing he has been an inspiration and example to his own people. And he has amply justified his name in his own tongue: Kis-kay-etum (he perceives it) - Sa-pos-kum (he passes through). Your honor, I present to you for investiture with the Saskatchewan Award of Merit - a distinguished artist, proud representative of a proud . people, a sensitive portrayer of our land, Kis-kay-etum Sa-pos-kum. Reprinted with permission North Battleford News of the Optimist ALLEN SAPP From the Red Pheasant Reserve near North Battleford, Allen Sapp, one of the most talented Native artists of our time, has drawn his motifs: the people and culture and religion of the Cree; the subtleties of the Saskatchewan landscape; the rigors of the Allan Sapp wears Merit Award from provincial government. Allan and Margaret at home. 53 �ChildrenJs Corner My Goals in Life by Maureen L. McKay All my life I always dreamed that one day I would become a nurse. Because I spent most of my childhood in and out of hospitals, nurses always gave me the idea of becoming a nurse. The idea stuck, since I started high school I began thinking seriously about my future. There were so many things to take up in University but College never occurred to me. When I dropped out of high school, I would visit relatives and friends in other reserves. I would be amazed at how they keep their culture compared to mine. Young people my age knew Indian culture. I looked around our community and saw that our culture was dying but Cree is our first language. I did alot of consideration and it was up to me to keep what was left so I talked to a high school graduate and who will be enrolling in U niversity this January. He hopes to become a counsellor in the future or even a chief. Recently a tragedy caused my people great despair. I decided to become a lawyer and support my community or possibly become an important leader like Sol Sanderson and be recognized as a proud Indian. I'm glad that we are having this program. I think it has made alot of students aware that we, as First Nations, are important people . I'm enjoying learning about the Indian Heritage and would like to learn more. I do a lot of sttldying and so far I'm satisfied with my marks. I hardly have time to do the things I used to do with friends. I even lost a boyfriend! Story Telling Competition As part of its continuing effort to encourage the use of the Indian languages of Saskatchewan, the Saskatchewan Indian Languages Institute announces a Story Telling Competition. Both adults and children are encouraged to participate by submitting an entry in one of the following categories: ADULTS' COMPETITION • Traditional Story • Original Story • Funny Story • Poem CHILDREN'S COMPETITION • Original Story • Funny Story • Poem The stories must be in one of the five Indian languages spoken in Saskatchewan - Cree, Saulteaux, Dene, Assinboine, or Dakota. They may be written (using either the Roman alphabet of syllabics) or on tape. You may submit as many stories as you want; just be surte to indicate which category each story belongs to. The deadline for submission is Friday, April 14, 1986. Judging will be done by members of the S. I. L. I. staff and by Elders; in some cases (for example, if a story is submitted in language that no staff member is fluent in), additional judges may be required. The following prizes will be awarded: For Each category of the Adults' Competition: FIRST PRIZE-$50 SECOND PRIZE-$30 THIRD PRIZE-$20 For each category of the Children's Competition: FIRST PRIZE-$30 SECOND PRIZE-$20 THIRD PRIZE-$15 All stories and poems will become the property of the Saskatchewan Indian Languages Institute. Winning stories will be edited and published in the The Saskatchewan Indian; other stories may be edited and printed in booklet form by the S.I.L.I. Elders 1 Messages 1986 New Year or Kissing Day as it is known to all Indian Nations was one of the days most observed because it is a day we have reached a milestone. Again, we can look forward or reminisce or perhaps take an inventory of the many things that we can account for and a positive outlook for the future. Perhaps a correction to a way of life that means something for real. Perhaps also a real meaningful and positive look at our culture and awareness that we can not overlook. Especially when we seem so close to achieving a.,~~ntrol over our desi!ny by having ' our own Indian government. But we need to understand a lot of things that ·we will enable us to make a good government. There are many unique ways the Indian nations have yet to learn. The importance of the knowledge of the 54 language. The awareness of our culture which is very unique. Even at this stage with advances and changes fast and furious, we do not want to change the old traditional laws, philosophies, etc. We have to understand the traditional ways that still fit in any situation. Good luck and many blessings are shared with the elder community all over. Awahay. �ELDERS BOX by Smith Atimoyoo First of all, on behalf of the Elders of our nations we li.ke to extend greetings to all who re a:'d the '' Elders Corner''. From time immemorial our elder system has operated. This was our education system which encompassed all aspects of learning , beginning from the time our movement began inside our mothers . We beleived that at that time our learning started . In order to survive, respectability , cooperation came into place. For instance elderly women were called upon to share their wisdom with the mother to be, her responsibilities for the child she is to bear. Seriously the mother carried out the advice she received then , the words of wisdom she passed on to her unborn child, the lullabys she sang were full of promise and prayer that the child may grow up be an elder . So it was the mother, father and the elders shared their strength. At various stages of growth the child was introduced to various methods of guidance from his parents, relatives and Elders. Many values were stressed to permit a natural growth, both physically and moreso mentally. Since the inception of the Cultural College in the early '70s, it was and is still the objective to learn about the traditional values which could lead to accept ourselves (Indians) still capable of being a helping vehicle in the growth of our Indian Nations . \, Each year we have our Elders being called to the "Great Beyond" . We have been saddened by this loss of our loved ones. We miss the ever loving care of these Elders have placed on their people but these old people are saying when we are gone the onus is on you to carry on because you have to be thankful you have children. So with these words even though they could have been said in a better way , the best of wishes and happy days with you and your families . Li <17 i?A· ·c!L! 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P'tnJ,:>t.,:> 11 9tiJv PnC~ 'v p<1, o-<L.a.E t>P 1.,P" Li"-<~r ' -<de·yP-<1;,.f'y>r, Lb bA- CP'1 A.·> r,..C."6. 7"r'ics-9'<-t:,~ '7<::l'~r1Cl'.'.' p(,~ h1'1.,), VP l:i.',>C. v,4 · ~'7-J 1:1 '.Pri"'JA• r'/. r '"11"' "L.J A•;, PP...bJ.><., JC,-,'7o bl ...v, ,Prtf;,.l.,u.....aE L::>:)4, P~l:,., ('l:9 Ar"~ .., uJA· P "ffrb<1, A?b~<1·<"rbu41. <t f"\ 11/ <ic. P<"<.<. "Ua..a.E' l,~i'~ 4 t:>"911 L1<1,...1<1• PPrf>rbl,. ·~ 'c!'-td"( lo" P<ro A~c;o PC,Pf,,hJ'7-. 0 l'·1~- (.J �William Standingready, 78, White Bear Reserve; Touchwood/File Hills/Qu'Appelle . Dorothy McKay, 72, Red Earth Reserve; Prince Albert District 56 District �/¥ 'hen gra ~·s.pe .. ·ry attention aw it lying there Moti .. ess. I could hear ~vy breathing) ing on - till dead. ithin a minute) the blood poured out to absorb the Soil. I am furious to see them) Kill for fun) destroying The innocent that mean no harm. My grandfather once said) ''Forgive those that destroy) It will never end)). Slowly I approachedto pick it up) dug a hole) and gently Placed it there - that Poor squirrel. - Ronald (Conrad) Ballantyne 57 �MY LOVE, ON OUR WEDDING DAY On this day) the beginning of a new day, we join our hands) a symbol of the union of our spirits. For as mati and wife, we are the beginning of a family. It is the beginning of our new life together. On this, !fJ.epeginning o I wis{ 'io_pledgemy in a special I pledge thal will be as strong that withstands sto Yet understandingand acce as the willow that bends q,n<i bows to the win"'N or,es that touchnerfrom :.thecJourdirectio JACKIE Child of my body bornfrom my womb I lovingly carriedyou from the unknow{ i :t~ 0.. I k~ie you with ple!lsure 1Wff3 : you with pain brought u into this world and gave you a name My love wi!l /be-l~t~ing like t~e 5wtars tliat shi;/,e }jorever .• iri the heavenlyskies. Yet giving· As mother earth 'My love wil~ he gentl1 ana 1':,~w·n like a ~(J,hhlingbrook),. · or a'ientleJain, ,. bringing.the Zif~ Jv,rceof Yet my love will .'!)otbe_ , wi( / for nature httf ·emot and touchesus in 10 58 �LETTERS INDIAN HEAL TH PROGRAM CAREERS The Saskatchewan Indian Federated College (SIFC), is federated with the University of Regina and is the only Indiancontrolled, degree-granting, postsecondary institution in America. The College is pleased to announce the development of a new multidisciplinary INDIAN HEALTH CAREERS PROGRAM which will provide pre-professional education for students who wish to pursue careers in health and allied health disciplines such as nursing, medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, occupational therapy and medical laboratory technology. Scheduled to commence in June of 1986, with an enrollment of 30 students, the program will offer upgrading and preparatory classes as well as first and second year university classes in sciences, mathematics, english and other subjects required for admission to professional schools of health in Canadian universities, colleges and institutes. The SIFC Indian Health Careers Program is one of several health careers programs funded under the auspices of Health and Welfare Canada's "Indian and Inuit professional Health and Careers Development Program" initiated by the federal government in 1984. Indian students from across Canada are already offered a choice of eight academic areas at SIFC in which to major and to graduate, including Indian Social Work and Indian Teacher Education. The Health Careers Program provides new options for individuals of differing ages, life experience and academic backgrounds who wish to begin or continue their education in the field of health. SIFC is unique in being able to provide a cultural, social and academic milieu which fosters knowledge of Indian history, strengthening of cultural identity, and academic excellence within the university setting. Participants in the SIFC Indian Health Careers Program will be assisted in several ways to make the transition from their home communities to urban living and an academic setting; and subsequently from the SIFC Indian Health Careers Program to professional programs of health in other institutions. Students will also be assisted to explore health careers options, to select a careers path and to apply for admission to professional programs of their choice. Inquiries are welcome and may be directed to the Coordinator, Indian Health Careers Program, College West 127, University of Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Phone: (306) 584-8333/8334 or the Toll Free number (1-800-667-8060). Letters to the Editor -.. Dear Editor: Substance abuse is a many-sided malady, which in one way or another adversely affects almost every human activity in the world. In Canada the insidious effects of abuse manifests itself most visibly in the Native population. It is within this population that the horrors of abuse are directly translated into personal grief. Unproportional numbers of our people are represented in penal institutions, in suicidal statistics and in the number of children in care. Substance abuse has directly contributed to the slow economic and social development of the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. Until approximately 1975 there were no Native Addiction Services in operation . There are now approximately 30 Native Treatment Centres across Canada which offer services designed to meet the special needs of the Native client. These centres operated in almost total isolation and found that most of their energies were directed at just survival and that the 59 development and implementations of appropriate programs was a task which was often limited by lack of financial or human resources. In 1982 as a result of a meeting of a small group of treatment directors the National Native Association of Treatment Directors (NNATD) was formed to address the problems encountered by operation in isolation. To date NNATD comprises a membership of 31 treatment directors with voting rights and many associate and honorary members. It consistantly proves that cooperation and sharing, the traditional philosophy that has enabled aboriginal societies to survive as distinct nations is still in operation. The general mandate for NN A TD is '' The promotion of high quality alcohol and drug treatment services." To date NNADT has promoted ''quality'' by providing forums for treatment directors and staff members to meet and share information and to address specific problems. It has hosted and co-hosted workshops on suicide prevention, community development and sexual abuse . It has completed Phase I of IV Phase project on Therapeutic Recreation and Physical Development which, when complete will provide a model all Native Treatment Centres can utilize to increase the quality of care delivered to their clients . NNADT is presently in the process of expanding its areas of specialization to include special problems that youth encounter with solvent abuse. We hope that in the near future we will be able to provide information sharing workshops and training sessions for counsellors as well as for communities who may want to utilize such a service . Presently the NNADT is focusing on providing training models and staff sessions especially designed to meet the needs of treatment centre staff. The fulfillment of this commitment has required the operation of the traditional sharing philosophy of Native societies. Networking and in- �formation sharing to access resources already available in Canada has resulted in the development of a more consistant philosophy regarding specific issues in the treatment and prevention of substance abuse. New strategies and techniques for the promotion of high quality treatment services are constantly investigated and brought to the attention of the general membership. We have, as part of our networking philosophy established good working relationships with many other organizations concerned with this subject such as The Four Worlds Development Project, The National Native Alcohol and Drug Abuse Program, the National Native Advisory Council on Alcohol and Drug Abuse, The Nechi Institute and many more. Although NNADT is only 3 years old its contribution to the attainment of quality lifestyles for the abuser and his community has made it an indispenible tool for the treatment centres across Canada. NNADT is also setting up a mini centre and welcomes any new information on addiction, including new PRAYING HARVEST FOR A techniques in treatment, new medical information, additions of our bibliography which included A. V. materials as well as papers and books. Directors of Native treatment Centres are welcomed as new members and will be given the opportunity to attend the information sharing workshops, as well will be able to meet and discuss issues that concern them. For further information please contact: Rod Jeffries, Executive Director National Native Association of Treatment Directors 820 - 7th Street East Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7H 0Y5 (306) 665-0010 Alice Klassen, President National Native Association of Treatment Directors Round Lake Treatment Centre R.R. #3, Comp. 10 Grandview Flats North Armstrong, B.C. VOE 1B0 CORRECTION In Margaret Cote's article in the September, 1985 issue of The Saskatchewan Indian"The Importance of Reviving and Retaining our Indian Languages'', several paragraphs were excerpted from Mr. Robert Sterling's article "The Role of an Indian Language in Indian Education, Northwest Languages Newsletter, Volume 5, Number 1, April, 1983. The published article did not contain an explicit acknowledgemen't. The author and The Saskatchewan Indian apologize to the estate of the late Robert Stering, and regret any inconvenience to the readers. In conclusion, let me reiterate my sincere apology for the ommission of an acknowledgement. I thank you for your anticipated co-operation. Sincerely, Margaret Cote GOOD by Gloria Shepard They came from different ethnic, racial, economic and social backgrounds to gather at this humble little church at 701 Pasqua St. With hands lifted up and tears streaming down their faces they give thanks to God. Every Sunday and Wednesday evenings this is how the congregation worships of Pastor Van Johnson of the Mirarcle Center in Regina. This charismatic or Holy Spirit movement in Regina began around 1979 amongst a small group of Indian and white people. Since then it has reached almost every reserve in Saskatchewan and a church on the Whitebear Reserve has been started. The regular services, including the revivals and camp meetings start at 7:30 p.m. and go on until 12:00 or sometimes even later. To walk into a service while in progress, one would think that everyone there is crazy. For many reasons these born-again believers don't follow tranditionaf patterns of religion. However they teach, preach, and believe that the Holy Bible is the "Word of God" and live according to it's doctrine. When the singing of praises and worship begin, a warmth and a peace fill the whole church. People are standing with their hands lifted up praising God and tears running down their cheeks. Their faces seem to glow and they look really happy. It's a scene that toushes the heart not like a story or movie. In this congregation about twothirds are Indian. They come from different reserves in Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Alberta. There are members who have moved from Alberta, Ontario and Quebec to work for this church. There are many reasons why these Indian people chose this way of life. One reason is that the Indian people are sensitive to the spiritual aspects of the teachings of their Elders. This church meets their spiritual needs. Near the end of the service, the Pastor asks,'' Does anyone want to ac) 60 cept Jesus as their Savior?" Some people raise their hands they walk towards the altar. By this time they are crying uncontrollably and together with the Pastor they say a prayer which invites Christ into their lives . The rest of the congregation are also crying and thanking God for the souls added into the Kingdom of Heaven. The Pastor closes the service with this statement: "No where in the world is the general population more familiar with the importance of harvest time than here in Saskatchewan. All the years activities are spent in preparation and expectation of the harvest. All hopes, dreams ans aspirations not only of the farmer but of the entire economy rest with the harvest. So we in our Christian life all else that we do is so futile if we miss the abundant harvest of precious souls. Let's beleive God together that as individuals and a church family all we live for and do is in the harvest time on God's time clock." �SILVERSAGE MAINTENANCE AND CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION lnvitesjouneymah, apprentices or individuals with equivalent wprk e?{perience to apply for the following full-time trades positions: BASEMENT FORM WORK Three positions available for individuals experienced in wood and concrete basements. FRAMERS - Three positions available for experienced individuals in new construction and renovations. FINISHING CARPENTER - One position available. "JOURNEYMAN BCUMB·ER'- One position available for residential .work. PAINTERS - 1wo \. po~itions available, oneJourneymah required, one with two years experience preferred. ·ROOFER.- One position available for individual witq2-3 years experiencr. Salary: N.~gotiable }v,ithan establisp.ed range, and de:fpendant upon qualifications .and experience. Candidates will have qualifications: - Valid drivers license - O~n vehicle - Own tobls these Status Indian treaty or registered number - Re :Shme to include education and work experience and references. Silver Sage is willing to sponsor "serious career minded individuals through a Saskatchewan technical or trade school. We will also offer short courses and on-the-job training in some of the above mentioned areas to successful applica nts. Forward all re .mmes with written application to: Robert Korbo Foreman Silver Sage Maintenance 105 Hodsman Road Regina, Saskatchewan S4N 5W5 Huntings Fishing and Trapping by Lloyd Brass There are people in this country who do not know why there is a race of Treaty people with special rights in this country. In reality these treaties were not the schemes of the Indians but the foreigners who desired Indian lands. In the United States, land was gained by bloodshed, whereas in Canada a Peace Treaty was made by foreigners to avoid war with the Indians. The whole objective was to have a peaceful co-existance with certain promises to Indians that if they allowed settlers to live on Indian territories that their government would take care of them. Therefore, Treaties were drafted up and negotiated with the various major tribes of Canada. One elder who has always advocated to the Chiefs of this province and to the two major governing bodies saying "the Indians have given up a lot by exchanging this great land for Treaty promises. Beware that the day when lands are filled up foreigners of whom will do everything to destroy the Treaties just as cunningly as they connived to make the Treaties with Indians . '' Treaty Indians are distinct from all other citizens of Saskatchewan in relation to fish, wildlife, land, timber, water and other renewable resources. By our Treaties with the Crown, and by the Natural Resources Transfer Agreement, we are guaranteed the right to use these resources as long as the sun shines and the rivers flow. All other citizens are granted a privilege, providing sufficient resources are available, to use the resources, but the first call on the resources is for the fulfillment of Indian rights. According to the Supreme Court decisions, the province does not have the legislative authority to restrict Indian hunting rights guanmteed by the Natural Resources Transfer Agreement. Nor can the province, on its own, define the terms of the Natural Resources Transfer Agreement. The Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (FSIN) are offering political cooperation in areas which cannot be legislated and which only create bad feelings and needless costs by attempts to settle them in the courts. We need not mention the huge burden created by the Amendment of the Wildlife Act Section 38(6) on both the Indians and the province. We say the focus must go beyond the application and enforcement of Provincial Law. Indians who were residents of this province long before divisions of lands were defined must be considered as such and not as internal enemies but to live in friendship as to the intent and spirit of the Treaties. Attention should be extended to the management, development and enhancement of all renewable resources, an area in which Treaty Indians have a mutual interest and responsibility. The Indian leaders view this entire area as a matter of responsible economic development - long-term economic development. 61 �Hunting 1 Fishing and Trapping Studies have shown that the use of wild meat, fish, berries and other renewable resources constitutes the same proportion of our northern domestic, non-cash economy today as it did at the beginning of this century. So these resources are important to Indians economically, as well as cuturally. Indian leaders recognize these pressures, on the provincial government, from non-Indian users of these resources, but those pressures do not releive the Crown, in the right of the province, of its obligations under the Treaties and the Natural Resources Transfer Agreement. Indian fisherman are alarmed that the Department of Parks and Renewable Resources is currently circulating, for Public discussion, without Indian input, a proposed new fisheries policy that would, if adopted, be clearly in violation of Indian fishng rights. It is even more alarming that such an approach also threatens to undermine the spirit of goodwill and good intentions that was exhibited by all participants at the recent First Minister's Conference on the Constitution . The FSIN insist that the provincial government not only recognize and respect our hunting, fishing and trapping and gathering rights under Treaty, but also recognize the economic development opportunities which can be realized from the responsible exercise of those rights. 62 �Hunting, Fishing and Trapping Besides the contribution OPf>Ortunities: to the domestic economy which have already been mentioned, there are many other 1. Wildlife • The feasability of small, on-reserve tanneries should be studied and considered • The use of hides in craft industries can be expanded and enhanced. • Secondary and tertiary processing of hides and furs and garment manufacturing should be studied and considered. • The potential for domestic fur primary, secondary and tertiary activities should be explored. • Game ranching, wildmeat processing, distribution and marketing should be considered. 2. Fish • We recognize, as most recognize, that in many areas this resource needs to be enhanced to meet the expanding domestic, commercial and recreational demands. • The opportunity for Indian-owned and operated Lakeside Hatcheries and rearing ponds, under contract to the provincial government and the Federal Freshwater Institute should be investigated. • Processing, distribution and marketing opportunities should be explored. 3. Wild Berries • The opportunities for cottage-industry processing, for distribution and marketing of jams and jellies made from wild berries should be studied. •The feasibility of increased production through enhancement activities such as fertilizing,irrigation,plot-tending and the like should be considered. 4. Other Concerns • The requirement that Indians obtain permits to cut firewood on Provincial Crown Lands is clearly a violation of our Treaty Gathering Rights. • The requirement that we obtain permits to plant and harvest wild rice is still another violation of our gathering rights. • The same is true of the need to obtain domestic fishing permits. • Traditional hunting grounds being turned into off limits for Indians by introducing various land definitions. • Legislature being passed without prior consultations of Indians in Indian concerns and Indian jurisdictions. • Indian fishing nets being pulled out, unreturned and other hasslementcausedby irresponsible rookie conservation officers. • Other problems encountered in Hunting, Fishing and need attention. 'l~';'~~-,/ L ✓~✓ ~~~c/f L ~£ 63 ~~~r.-d!Pl J~/J(~-::I"' ~ = �SASKATCHEWAN BANDS/DISTRICTS Uu1nium City • Q Fond du Lac Q Stony Rapids Lac La Hache Q PRINCE ALBERT DISTRICT MEADOW LAkE DISTRICT Portage La Loche YORKTON DISTRICT Whitebear Ochapowace Kahkewistahaw Cowessess Sakimay Cote Key Keeseekoose 0 Loon Lake O 0 Peter Ballantyne Q English o River Ca noe Lake Q Lac La Ro nge Joseph Bighead 0 0 Island NORTH BATTLEFORD DISTRICT Little Pine & Luckyman Moosomin Mosquito Onion Lake Poundmaker Red Pheasast Saulteaux Sweetgrass Thunderchild Qwaterhen 0 MEADOW LAKE DISTRICT Flying Dust • Mudow Lake Onion Wh1tef1sh Lake Lake Q 0 Thunderchild 0 C\ Big River Pelican Lake Cumberland Montreal Sandy Q Q Q Sturgeon Lake Lake DISTRICT OM1stawam Prince Albert • Young O John Smith Chippewa I Sweetgrass O oWahpeton Muskeg Lake OI Moosomin Q Beardy 's & 0kemas1~ Qone Arrow SASKATOON I Q Poundmaker I Q Q Red YORkTON DISTRICT Q North httle.ford O Shoal Lake Red EarthQ Jame s Smith Osaulteaux Little Pine House Lake NORTH BATTLEFORD & Luckyman Canoe Lake Island Lake Joseph Bighead Loon Lake Portage La Loche Tumor Lake Waterhen English River Flying Dust Buffalo River L.1ke PRINCE ALBERT DISTRICT Cumberland house Fond du Lac Lac La Ronge Montreal Lake Peter Ballantyne Red Earth Shoal Lake Stony Rapids Sturgeon Lake Wahpeton James Smith Lac La Heche Beardy's & Okemasis John Smith Kinistino Mistawasis Moosewoods Muskeg Lake Nut Lake One Arrow Young Chippewa I Qsuffal Turnor Lake Q SASKATOON DISTRICT Q River QKinistino Nut L9e DISTRICT r F1shing Lake Sask,1toon Phea sant Q • 0 0 Keeseekoose Cote Day Star 10 Moosewoods 0 PoormanO Mosquito Q Muskowekwan QCordons I Yor;ton L1ttle Star Blanket O Black Bear C -,.. ~ owessess Muscowpetung kanese o 0 0 SHELLBROOK AGENCY I Q P1apotO - '-" ,,,...-, OPeepeek1s1s Standing Buffalo......-::;:-• Re1ina Pasqua Big River Pelican Lake Sandy Lake Ok Q O Kahkew1stahaw Q FORT QU'APPELLE/FILE HILLS/TOUCHWOOD DISTRICT 0 Whitebear Nikaneet Q Wood Mountain 64 I Sa ,may o c h apowace Carry The Kettle 0 FORT OU'APPELLE/FILE HILLS/TOUCHWOOD DISTRICT 0 Key Carry The Kettle Day Star Fishing Lake Gordons Little Black Bear Muscowpetung Muskowekwan Nikaneet Okanese Pasqua Peepeekisis Piapot Poorman Standing Buffalo Star Blanket Wood Mot _ mtain �-~ ~~hf ~- . , ;f- ~ ~--~ • . -,~ - • ,:. .· ~,·!l,?-!!'.-c * :::, "-' ::r ,\ •~r.- r;. c~-~~o~n~x 17•(J~•' j\\ ;~ •-. MIYATAMOWIN TAWi AYAW ASHKIHK I ) V. CJ~ • ) [>l. ~ II ~ ) ' MINWENTAMOWIN OMA AHKiNK MAKOCE UNWANCA WOYUNSKIN NI HO TS EN AHE DONE LI / 1 C ' JOY TO THE WORLD LA TERRE EN JOIE ALEGRIA PARA EL MUNDO ~~A~ 1976-1986 ~ ~ ~ ~ A ~~~ . l>.l,' Seasons Greetings from the Board of Governors, Staff and Students of the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College '}); * . t;;, ½ -, ~ . § -~... ,:+' �8th ANNUAL CULTURAL WEEK SIFC POW-WOW March 22 & 23, 1986 Agribition Building Regina Saskatchewan Regina Exhibition Park (use Lewvan Drive entrance) Men'sGoldenAge Ladies'GoldenAge (50 years and older) 1st $500 2nd $350 3rd $200 4th $100 (50 years and older) 1st $500 2nd $350 3rd $200 4th $100 Girls' 16 & Under Traditional 1st $100 2nd $ 75 3rd $ 50 4th $ 25 Boys' 16 & Under Traditional 1st $100 2nd $ 75 3rd $ 50 4th $ 25 Men'sGrassDance 1st $500 2nd $350 3rd $200 4th $100 Ladies'Traditional 1st $500 2nd $350 3rd $200 4th $100 Girls'16 & UrfderFancy 1st $100 2nd $ 75 3rd $ 50 4th $ 25 Boys' 16 & Under Fancy 1st $100 2nd $ 75 3rd $ 50 4th $ 25 1st 2nd 3rd 4t h \ Men'sTraditional $500 $350 $200 $100 Men's Fancy 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Team Dancing Ladies' Fancy 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Top Four Teams - $200.00 each $500 $350 $200 $100 SingingContest $500 $350 $200 $100 All Drums Must RegisterSingers No Drum Hopping Drum Money Paid Daily SupperServedto Elders, Singersand Dancers Tiny Tots Dance (7 years & under) Non-competition - day money only GRAND ENTRY 12:30 p.m. & 7:00 p.m. DAILY Traditional Giveaway Special Daily Performances: Eagle Dance, Hoop Dance All RegistrationclosedNoon Sunday Committee Members President: Sid Fiddler Elder Adv isor : Bill Peigan Drum Keeper: Oliver Brass Vice-President: Rick Favel Arena Directors : Mo rris Manyfingers Blair Stonechild Secretary : Carol Cyr Registration: Sharon Carrier No Alcohol or Drugs Allowed Committee Not Responsible for Injury or Accommodation For InformationCall: (306) 584-8333 Toll Free in Canada: 1-800-667-8060 SIFC - SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN FEDERATED COLLEGE under the jurisdiction of the Indian Governments of Saskatchewan, Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian Magazine Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970/2011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1970/2011 Description An account of the resource The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Magazine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian (December 1985/January 1986) Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Description An account of the resource Contents: Treaty Hunting Rights Protected By: Saskatchewan Indian December 1985/January 1986 The Saskatchewan Indian Languages Institute The Saskatchewan Indian Languages Institute emerged from the Saskatchewan Indian Languages Program in May, 1985 with a new Director, a new mandate, a new administrative structure and some new staff members By: S.I.L.I. Staff December 1985/January 1986 Prince Albert Indian Student Residence Officially Reserve Land By: Deanna Wuttunee December 1985/January 1986 Did You Know Starblanket Band Farm Began in the 1880's? By: Martha Ironstar December 1985/January 1986 Unveil Mass Grave [Battleford] "We are not here to pass judgement on the Indian people who lie buried here in this mass grave, that was done 100 years earlier when they were arraigned for acts of violence during the Rebelion but, this gravesite marker will serve as a call to peace and a reminder that violence and war is never the solution," said Culture and Recreation Minister Rick Folk. By: Archie King December 1985/January 1986 Profiles: Winston Wuttunee By: Deanne Wuttunee December 1985/January 1986 Allen Sapp To Receive Merit Award By: Saskatchewan Indian December 1985/January 1986 Allen Sapp By: Saskatchewan Indian December 1985/January 1986 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1985-12/1986-01 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Saskatchewan Indian Languages Institute Wuttunee, Deanna Ironstar, Martha King, Archie Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1985-12/1986-01 First Nations Artists Hunting rights Language Saskatchewan Indian Languages Institute https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25945/archive/files/c4c61feb1293badedda59920bf3a0453.pdf?Expires=1779926400&Signature=rNIukMkVHSyIS0g64BHSfk-HB7pz7cnjG%7EPPYn2hDSemWOO%7EuJem4vO%7E2HYSnynQK4QpSIDcsYL-SCxp%7Eh4N3jKxy4Q0WvrIPC7IEyUcap3EXBYbYTAavWSrruu7b73iGXgUBRm45Mv7RSIVLiTZpQEHhraCPrQRf2O08yGzt9We1Bw9P%7E3cXuj5AqGOtU77odqlQyGa6mRO2lSdroAudCyl%7EEcHu6beL7sJP0d5kL%7E9MP-HL4p4RDfIt-RcAWesPurapUkd0ORZimvTlMMnNvMwELhP-FLvG%7Er6sFa6ETXwQqgwjwLuDSR7xdYAOIkHX0nHi9NosEz83bQng37SZg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 2d06ba5cc5a6f952ce6be988e2b095bd PDF Text Text �JULY Mid-Summer Moon -......... .:1. _. .,__ EDITORIAL INFORMATION THE SASKATCHEWAN OFFICES The editorial of the Saskatchewan Indian have now been moved to a new location : 2nd floor , 31 0 - 20th Street East Saskatoon , Saskatchewan S7K OA7 All correspondence should be directed to the Editor of the Saskatchewan Indian. INDIAN The Saskatchewan Indian has an editorial staff of four covering the entire province of Saskatchewan . With different new stories , sporting events , and soc ial activities to cover, Saskatchewan Indian reporters may not be able to attend all events local residents wish to have reported . In order to ensure that a reporter is available to cover your event , please notify the editor of the Saskatchewan Indian well in advance of the even t. Last minute arrangements will be acceptable . DISPLAY ADVERTISING RATES Full Page .. ........ .. . . . . . .... . .. $600 .00 Half Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 .00 Quarter Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 50 .00 Columnar Inch . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 .00 Inquiries about advertising , display cover should be mailable to : The -20th Street East , Saskatoon , 653 -9150 . Advertising deadlines following edition . ads and prices for ads running full colour or the back Saskatchewan Indian, Advertising , 2nd floor , 310 Saskatchewan S7K OA7 , or telephone (306 ) are the 15th of each month for publication in the DEADLINES Deadlines for all editorial material , that is; stories , photographs , letters , events , will be the 1 5th of each month for publication in that month's edition late material will be held and used the following month . -.• I I • .. .ai - ... �JUNE 1985 SPECIAL EDITION • Table of Contents • Editorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 INTERNATIONAL Canadian Indians Visit Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 NATIONAL Assembly of First Nations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance ..... . ................... .. .. . ..... 5 Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Recent Court Cases Affecting Saskatchewan Indians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 P.T.N.A. in Ottawa, April, 1985. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Changing the Justice System .............. . ........ .. . . ......... 11 A Declaration of the First Nations ...... .. . ............. . ......... 12 Indian Act Amendments: Bill C-31 .. .................... . ......... 13 Aboriginal Rights and the Constitution ............. ... ... . ........ . 14 PROVINCIAL PROCESS The Premier on Indian Issues ............. . ........... .... .... . .. 1 5 Political Organization of a Band ..... . .... . ............ . . . .. ... ... 1 7 Land Surrenders: Sales Project .. . .. . . . ..... . ........ . ..... .. .... 21 Social Development and Treaty ................... .. ............. 23 Treaty Land Entitlement ........................................ 24 Claims Policy and Rights Protection ............................... 27 Northern Development ............ . .................... . .. . .... 29 Official Notice: Call to Assembly ....... .... ...................... 30 Treaty Renovation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Devine's Message for Saskatchewan Indians .......... . ... . ........ 32 REGIONAL Touchwood - File Hills - Qu'Appelle District ............. Yorkton District .... ... ..................... .... North Battleford District .. . . . ... . .... . ................. . ........... 33 ..... .. .. . .... 33 . ....... 34 EDUCATION Department of Indian Social Work ................................ Indian Teacher Education Program ............. . ..... .. .......... Sturgeon Lake Central School ................................... Qu'Appelle Indian Residential School ....... ... .................... Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College ............................. Business Administration Graduates Honored ............ . ..... . .... Youth Training Option Program .................................. 36 37 38 39 40 44 45 . ........................... Publications Co-ordinator Edgar Thomas Editor Ron Burns 46 ARTS - PROFILES Indian Artist: Eddy Poitras ............... Editorial Board Sol Sanderson Doug Cuthand Elsie Roberts Felix Musqua Assistant Editor Bryan Tootoosis ELDERS BOX The Elders Movement .............. The Saskatchewan Indian magazine is the official monthly publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations. The editorial offices are located at 2nd Floor, 310 - 20th Street East, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S 7K OA7. The magazine h\S a second class registration number 2795. The news magazine is intended to serve as an effective communication vehicle for Indian opinion in the province of Saskatchewan. Since the magazine represents divergent views from Indians in this province, signed articles and opinions are the views of the individuals concerned and not necessarily those of the Federation. Submit all those materials for publication to The Editor - The Saskatchewan Indian, Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, 310 - 20th Street East, 2nd Floor, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S 7K OA7, before the 15th of each month for publication that month. ... ........ ... ...... . . .4 7 ENTERTAINMENT Onion Lake Powwow ................................... Century of Peace Powwow . .... .. ............................ . ..... . . 49 . . 50 SPORTS Favel Wins Gold in Tae Kwon Do ................................. 52 LETIERS TO THE EDITOR Indian Act Opinion ............................................. Visit to Sweden ... . .... . . . ..... .... ........................... 53 53 Reporters Deanna Wuttunee Archie King Shelley Roberts Secretary Mary-Ann Ketchemonia Pre-Press Production Graphic Arts Department Sask . Indian Cultural College printed by Houghton-Boston Printers Saskatoon, Sask. �EDITORIAL By the year 2000, one in two new entrants to the Saskatchewan and Manitoba labour markets will be of Indian descent. The Saskatchewan Indian Community College is in large measure responsible for skill training of Saskatchewan Indians. The mandate plus the astonishing growth of the Indian work force has created tremendous pressure to deliver a vast array of sophisticated courses with a high post-training employment factor - just to meet immediate needs let alone projected needs. The Saskatchewan Indian Community College (SICC) is a bicultural institution. Our mandate is to utilize the best of both Indian people we serve. A bicultural approach presents a unique set of challenges for a college such as ours. It is an approach involving considerable thought, constant review and open minds. For it is not enough to merely mimic existing non-Indian courses nor add on Indian components as an afterthought. In developing our nurses program, we found a negative perception of hospitals and health care in general. Many Indians, particularly the middleaged and elderly, see hospitals as a place Indians go to die. This perspective is not unfounded. Indians did indeed go to hospitals to die in a time when diseases such as tuberculosis and diphtheria ran rampant. Quite often Indians received shabby treatment from under-staffed and under-funded Indian hospitals. Elders told us Indians were treated by cold and uncaring medical staff. There are Indian people, even today, who refuse to go to hospitals as a result. Our task, therefore, is one of developing a positive image of health care, to show a hospital is no longer a place of death but rather a place of healing. In a nutshell we found, as we so often do, our task is to take what was once negative and make it positive. To this end, we started by adopting the butterfly as the hopeful symbol of the program. In-depth meetings were and are held with Elders and traditional healers, not only to hear their views but to integrate their ideas into actual courses. Through them we now know the healing of the spirit is as important as the healing of the body. This does not conflict with current medical thought. Indeed a growing number of doctors are convinced that the patients frame of mind is an all important contributing factor to their return to good health. In the United States, traditional and modern Indian doctors work alongside one another in Indian- controlled hospitals. We try to do things in a good way. History tells us nothing positive and long lasting was ever built by isolating our people from decision-making nor informing them after the fact. Our peoples opinion and input comes first. We also find the ability to listen and learn is as important as any skills we may bring to our work. There are those who would say such an approach is much too time-consuming. We have found just the opposite. Any course, no matter how well intended, that does not include our people as initial drafters is doomed either not to work at all or to work in a very stunted way . People know their needs. 2 l I �INTERNATIONAL Canadian Indians Visit Mexico Looking for bargains and souvenirs because the government cannot build · In early May, a delegation of Saskatchewan Indians led by FSIN streets fast enough. Indeed it is cited Chief Sol Sanderson travelled to Mexas a city out of control. Untreated ico as part of a World Council of Insewage pours into a small river and digenous Peoples Conference. The . safe drinking water is scarce. So scarce delegation stayed in Mexico City betthe FSIN delegation drank pop almost ween trips to remote Indian villages. exclusively. By the year 2000, MexIn both areas they found some of the ico City will be the largest city in the world. The country is dollar poor, most acute poverty north of Central heavily in debt and no welfare is proAmerica. vided for its citizens. Mexico City was founded by the The descendants of the Aztec EmAztec Indian Empire over a thousand years ago. According to legend, they pire and a multitude of other Indian .nations live pretty much as they were told through prophecy to build always have in remote mountain their capital where they would find an valleys or areas shunned as too eagle holding a snake between its desolate for immigrants to settle. In talons perched high atop a cactus. The Aztec sent scouts across the land. In Canada, the total Indian population is at the most one million. In Mextime they found the eagle as predicted ico, one Indian Nation alone may near a lake in central Mexico. It was number in the millions. The Mexican here the great capital of their nations Indians are now organizing a national was eventually built. Today Mexico is home to 40 million people and is the body similar to the Assembly of First Nations or the Amrican equivalent, fastest growing city in the world. the National Congress of American Whole areas the size of cities themIndians. selves are squatters camps simply As part of its growing presence in international indigenous affairs, the FSIN has travelled extensively to other countries to meet other aboriginal peoples, learn from them and support their cause. During their stay, the FSIN delegation met with members of the Instituto N acional Indigenista (National Indigenous InFSIN staff pose with visitors stitute), the equivalent of Canada's 3 Indian and Northern Affairs Department. An invitation to visit Saskatchewan was extended and accepted by the Institute. In late May a delegation arrived in Saskatoon. During their brief stay they met with Saskatchewan Indian leaders and Northern Affairs Department, an~toured the Cultural College and the Community College before travelling to Regina to tour the Federated College. They then travelled to Edmonton to attend a conference of the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance. During their brief visit to the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College (SICC), gifts were exchanged and through an interpreter an interesting conversation ensued. The delegation was particularly impressed with the role of Elders within the Federation. They appreciated a pipe ceremony held in their honor at the Cultural College. Most important, though, were the crosscultural ties to the many millions of Indians to the south of us. We hope to meet them again and they are always welcome here. Although the first delegation pursued informal preliminary meetings, another delegation will do follow-up on certain items discussed at the first meeting. Formal agreements will be signed with the Mexican Indians allowing for exchanges of students, teachers and technicians. Such exchanges will be administered through the present FSIN institutional facilities. Saskatchewan delegation �NATIONAL Assembly of First Nations AIMS AND OBJECTIVES A. The Aims and Objectives of the Assembly of First Nations relate to the problems of the Indians of Canada. B. The Assembly of First Nations may act on matters of extra provincial and territorial or national scope and importance at its own initiative, subsequent to consultation with provincial territorial organization. C. The Assembly of First Nations will endeavor to secure the enforcement and fulfillment to all Indian Treaties and aboriginal rights of Indians. AREAS OF INVOLVEMENT • Constitutional Process • Taxation • Land Claims • Education • Health and Social Services • Economic Developments • Indian Youth • International Relations • Forestry • Environment • Indian Government • Parliamentary Liaison • Legal Services • Housing • Bilateral Relations with Federal Government Chief David Ahenakew Assembly of First Nations 4 �Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance Greg Murdoch PTNA/FSIN, Saskatchewan by Greg Murdoch The Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance was created last year by Chiefs from the three Prairie Provinces. They considered that treaty Indian Nations should have a much stronger voice in Canadian affairs than was possible either through the Assembly of First Nations of through individual bodies like the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations or the Association of Alberta. The Prairie Chiefs were especially concerned that the constitutional discussions among Canada's First Ministers had not given the treaties the respect or significance that is their due. They decided that a new organization was needed to press forward with their views. The formal presentation made by the PTNA at this year's Constitutional Conference, and the Federal Government's positive response to it, shows the wisdom of their decision. The Assembly of First Nations represents many different First Nations' viewpoints from across the whole of Canada. It is the successor organization to the National Indian Brotherhood, but differs in being controlled directly by the Chiefs of all Bands, from coast to coast. Like the brotherhood, it has functioned to give status Indian people a voice on the national Canadian stage, and in international forums. But the Crown has made formal treaties only with Indian nations in the interior regions of Canada, and those treaties lay out specific obligations on both the Federal Government (acting in the Crown's name) and on the Treaty Indian Nations themselves. The treaties are the foundation of the special trust relationship we have with the Crown. Many of the other Indian nations in Canada do not have this explicit treaty relationship as the basis for a substantial number of rights that must be recognized, upheld and protected by the Crown. They base their rights on more general grounds, and cannot point to clear conditions that must be met by a treaty partner, the Crown. The Assembly is inevitably unable to further Treaty Nations interests in an undivided way, since it has to speak for varied interests, and make its arguements on differing foundations. Further, the way it is structured has prevented it from being an adequate spokesman on treaty issues. The restructuring to be discussed at the AFN's Assembly in Vancouver chewan, all of whom share in the organization's original, main objective: the defence of treaty rights. Through all the changes which the Federation has undergone, in particular its reconstitution to vest defined powers in a legislative assemly of Chiefs, that original purpose has been unwaveringly and persistently pursued. Not surprisingly, the oldest program with the FSIN is that concerning Indian Rights and Treaties Research. Treaty renovation is high on the agenda of Saskatchewan Indian nations. Treaty First Nations from outside the province have views similar to those of Saskatchewan Chiefs on the central importance of the treaties, and the need for their full implementation and protection. They share many other objectives as well. No doubts on this score can survive a reading of the volumes of detailed testimony give to ,'' I I I I I I ' I ' I I I 8 next month is an attempt to deal with this problem. In contrast, The Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, now the FSIN, was created to give a unified, stronger voice to the individual Indian nations of Saskat5 the Common's Committee on Indian Self-Government as it made its way across the Prairies, and beyond. This community of interest, and the need to give it concrete expression, lies behind the formation of the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance. For �all the component nations in the alliance, a special status and relationship with the Crown of Canada exists by virtue of bilateral, international treaties. So, while the AFN speaks for a pluralty of interests, and the scope of the FSIN is dominantly within the boundaries of Saskatchewan, the PTNA is able to concern itself with the common objectives of a large number of individual Treaty nations. A Convention between Treaty Indian Nations was adopted and signed in Edmonton last November by the Chiefs of Alberta, Saskatchewan and Treaty One of Manitoba. They were joined inJanuary of this year by Treaty No. eight of northeastern British Columbia. The PTNA Convention sets out agreed objectives and a structure for the organization of the PTNA. An important component is a House of Elders, which is to provide advice and guidance on the spiritual foundations of the nations and upon traditions, including treaty rights and obligations. An Executive Council oversees the day-to-day working of the Alliance. Signing of this Convention gave a strucure through which the objectives of the PTNA can be pursued. Five basic components make up the Alliance's mandate; • to promote the rights of Treaty Indians living in the Prairie Region of Canada • to enhance and protect the Treaties and Treaty rights of Indian Nations • to enhance the recognition of all the terms and conditions of the spirit and intent of the Treaties by other governments of Canada, both Indian and non-Indian, and for the proper ratification thereof • to confirm each duly constituted Treaty Indian Nations Government as the final jurisdiction on Treaty Indian Nations lands and communities and in all respects with regard to the well-being of the citizenry • to formalize Crown/Treaty Indian Nations relationships according to the international agreements between Treaty Indian Nations and the Crown. The work of the Alliance is becoming increasingly important with the trend toward Canada/First Nations discussions on a regional basis - on the Constitution, on Federal ·legislation, on fiscal relationships, on Federal administrative organization. In this way, First Nations in the prairies can negotiate for the kind of arrangements that they feel are most appropriate to their circumstances and needs. This does not mean that the PTNA has become a replacement for other organizations. Far from it. There will Always be a need for an Indian First Nations voice to be heard at the national Canadian level, addressing the multitude of issues which are common to all Indian First Nations, treaty and non-treaty alike. Non-treaty Indian Nations will continue, too, to benefit from our advances based on the treaty provisions, ~s these are implemented by Canada. These are the provisions we originally negotiated. At the provincial level, the FSIN will continue its unparalleled struggle to undo a century of colonization and detribalization, make Canada live up to its treaty commitments and further the bands in their efforts to again become self-governing, autonomous nations. The PTNA can lend valuable support to this objective. Like both the AFN and the FSIN, it is under the direction and control of the Chiefs, and they are in position to use these complimentary institutions to create a prosperous future for their bands under treaty. BACKGROUND of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, influenced the birth of the Indian League of Canada, a national forerunner to the National Indian Brotherhood. In 1930, the Saskatchewan Treaty Protection Association was founded under the leadership of Andrew Gordon and John Gambler to protect the Treaty Rights of Indians in the Fort Qu' Appelle area. During the 1940's it became the Protective Association for Indians and their Treaties. The 1940's also saw Senator Tootoosis involved in the formation of the Queen Victoria Protective Association and the North American Indian Brotherhood, and in 1943 the Association of Indians of Saskatchewan became the largest organization in Saskatchewan. During this period also (1930's 1950's), there was also a Protective Advisory Council established in the Fort Carlton Agency, headed by the late Senators Williamjoseph andjoe Dreaver. F.S.I.N. Convention Chief Sol Sanderson Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations 1. Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Provincial Convention of April, 1982 The Elders of the First Nations in Saskatchewan long ago predicted the resurgence of the traditional alliance of the Cree, Saulteaux and Assiniboine which was known as the Iron Nation. In April of 1982, with the historic signing of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Convention by 64 Bands, representing an expanded alliance of the Cree, Saulteaux, Assiniboine, Dakota and Dene Nations, to some Elders the Iron Nation was reborn. The Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations has existed since 1959 with the incorporation of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians under Provincial Jurisdiction. During the 1920's, John Tootoosis, a grandson of Poundhiaker and presently a Senator with the Federation 6 �In 1946 a conference was convened by the Government of Saskatchewan at which 60 representatives of the Cree, Sioux, Saulteaux, Assiniboine, and Dene Tribes of Saskatchewan discussed the feasibility of forming a single Indian organization. A resolution was passed favouring such establishment. Follow-up meetings of Saskatchewan Indian leaders representing all Saskatchewan Bands were held at Duck Lake and Saskatoon and resulted in the formation of the Union of Saskatchewan Indians under the Presidency of John Tootoosis and with a Constitution. The aims and objectives were: • The Protection of Treaties and Treaty Rights, • The fostering of progress in the economic, educational and social endeavours of Indian people, • Co-operation with civil and religious authorities, • Constructive criticism and thorough discussion of all matters, • The adherence to democratic procedure, and • The promotion of respect and tolerance for all people. In 1957 a conference of Saskatchewan Chiefs and Councillors laid plans for a new organization. A second conference in 1958 resulted in The Federation of Saskatchewan Indians being duly constituted withjohn Tootoosis as its first President. In succeeding years the presidency was held by David Knight ( 1961-64), Wilfred Belle garde ( 1964-66), Walter Deiter ( 1966-68), Dr. David Ahenakew (1968-78), Albert Bellegarde (1978-79), and Chief Sol Sanderson (1979-present). Reorganization of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations By the late 1970's, the swift pace of the political developments of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians led to the drive for a reorganization of the structure and Constitution of the Federation. Under the old structure and Constitution, there were a number of weaknesses. A primary concern of the Senate and Bands, in the reorganization process, was that the Executive Council, whether by accident or design, was in a paramount position, and the authority of the Bands was undermined. The old structures and Constitution also centralized programs and services to the Provincial level, not the District or Band level. In order to correct these deficiences in the structure and Constitution of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians, any new reorganization had to seriously address them. Another feature of the old Federation of Saskatchewan Indians was that it was incorporated under the provincial Society's Act as a non-profit charitable organization which somehow did not conform with the drive for recognition and implementation of Indian Government and the Treaties by the First Nations of Saskatchewan. The recommendations and concerns of the Elders and the member Bands of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians were addressed in the new structure and Convention of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations. Convention of April, 1982 The instrument chosen for reorganizing the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians was a Convention, which is a political agreement between Nations. The major changes to structure and reorganization into the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations were the following: • There is a common und.erstanding between the member Bands outlined in a set of operational political prin- ciples upon which the Convention is based. The set of political principles include the four main objectives of the old Federation of Saskatchewan Indians. • The rights and duties of the Band as a member of the Federation of Saskatchewan lncijan Nations is in the Convention, and the political autonomy and paramouncy of the Bands is a key feature of the new organization. • Decentralization of the power, authority and services, programs away from the Provincial level back to the Band and District level. The District Chiefs Council and Conventions are recognized and written into the Convention at the Provincial level. • Accountability to the member Bands is another important feature of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Convention. • The powers, authorities, functions, and structures within the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations from now on will all be decided by the member Bands at the Legislative Assembly. In order to implement the terms of the Convention of April, 1982, the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Legislative Assembly has enacted the Convention Act. The new Convention and structure of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations is designed to keep pace with the political developments of the First Nations, presently and into the future. Recent Court Cases Affecting Saskatchewan by Delia Opekokew and David Knoll 1. Federation of Saskatchewan Indians) Inc.) et al. v. Her Majesty the Queen and the Right Honourable Brian Mulroney) Prime Minister of Canada (Supreme Court of Ontario) March) 1985) The Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, along with the Indian Association of Alberta, Treaty Eight Tribal Association of British Colum- bia, and George Ernest Daniels on behalf of the Chiefs of Treaty One in Manitoba, together on behalf of an unincorporated body, the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance (P.T.N.A.), launched an action to seek an order establishing the entitlement of the P.T.N.A. to be invited to participate at the First Ministers' Conference 1985 on aboriginal constitutional matters. The P.T.N.A. had been chosen 7 Indians and delegated by the Indian First Nations of the Prairie Region and northeastern British Columbia to be the primary entity to speak on their behalf at the First Ministers' Conference. Because of the diverse constituency of the Assembly of First Nations and the dominance of non-treaty aboriginal peoples at the last two conferences, the direct and substantive discussion of constitutional issues relating to the treaties occupied almost a negligible �part of the conferences. However, the court ruled against our action. On March 29, 1985, the Supreme Court of Ontario decided that the matter of the representatives of the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance cannot be made by the courts as it is a political decision. Justice Horace Krever stated, ' ' . . .The determination of the appropriate representatives of the aboriginal peoples is in essence a political determination, that is to say, a determination that cannot properly be made by the Courts." Nevertheless, the decision provided the P.T.N.A. with the impetus to pressure the Government of Canada, in particular, the Prime Minister, who is personally required pursuant to Section 37 .1 of the Constitution Act, 1982 to extend the invitation. 2. Guerin, et al. v. Her Majesty the Queen On November 1, 1984, the Supreme Court of Canada rendered a historically significant decision in the Guerin or Musqueam case. For the first time the highest court in Canada held that the Federal Government, namely the Department of Indian Affairs and its agents, could be held legally responsible for any improprieties in their dealings with surrendered Indian lands when it is clearly demonstrated that they failed to act in the best interest of the Indian band, which amounted to an equitable fraud. Chief Guerin and other members of the Musqueam Band of British Columbia successfully sued the Federal Government for ten million dollars ($10,000,000) in damages for the surrender and improper lease of 400 acres of reserve land to the Shaughnessy Heights Golf Club. The Supreme Court held that D.I.A. and its agents had breached their "fiduciary obligation" and thereby committed an "equitable fraud'' when they induced the Band to surrender its land and enter into a lease without fully disclosing the terms of the lease; by ignoring the Band's understanding of the specific terms of the lease; and by entering into a lease agreement on terms which were not favourable to the Band. In other words, the court held that the Crown breached its legal obligations and thereby committed an equitable fraud on the Musqueam Band by failing to act in the Band's best interest when they entered into an unfair lease. The Guerin case has and will be exhaustively studied by legal experts and will form the basis for many legal arguments and submissions on behalf of Indian bands who feel they have been similarly wronged. Many important legal principles have been raised by the Guerin case which will or could have an impact on Indian bands in Saskatchewan. For example, the Supreme Court recognized that the special aboriginal rights of Indian people arose prior to 8 the Royal Proclamation and have existed from time immemorial. These rights formed the subsequent basis for the unique relationship which developed between the Crown and the Indian people. That in turn gave rise to the '' fiduciary obligation'' placed on the Crown to act in the best interests of the Indian people. The question in Saskatchewan is whether this fiduciary obligation extends to unsurrendered reserve land as well since the Musqueam case dealt of only surrendered land? Arguably it does since at the ,time of the Treaties most tracts ofland in western Canada were allegedly surrendered to the Crown and as a result certain fiduciary obligations arose under and after treaty which the Crown must honour. If therefore, a Saskatchewan band, after all the evidence is accumulated, can satisfactorily prove that the Crown has either fraudulently mismanaged or otherwise fraudulently dealt with their land they will likely succeed in an action against the Crown for equitable fraud in that the Crown breached their fiduciary obligation. However, the Supreme Court also ruled in the Guerin case that the legal action must be brought within six years from the time the breach or fraud is first discovered; that being the limitation period under the circumstances in Guerin. Accordingly, if the Musqueam Band had brought their action more than six years after they first discovered the fraud, they would have been statute barred and unsuccessful in their action. Since it also might apply to them Saskatchewan bands must bear this limitation period in mind if they hope to succeed in any of their claims. Some lawyers are now debating whether such a limitation period applies in light of provisions under the Canadian Constitution and the different legal circumstances of treaty Indians in the Prairie Provinces. Other questions to be clarified are at what time the fraud is first determined to be discovered and what type of evidence is required to establish this fraud? Regardless of the many legal questions the Guerin decision raises, it is �a historically significant case because it clearly recognizes the Crown's obligations to Indian people; it reaffirms the special place of Indian people within Canadian confederation; and it demonstrates that the highest court in Canada is prepared to rectify past injustices perpetrated on Indian people. 3. Current Hunting and Fishing Cases Over the past several years Indian hunters and fishermen have witnessed dramatic changes to their treaty hunting and fishing rights as a result of various court decisions and legislative amendments. The Legal Services Unit of the F.S.I.N. with their lawyer David Knoll in Saskatoon, Ron Cherkewich from Prince Albert, other private lawyers and the Indian Hunting and Fishing Rights Commission of the Federation, have sought to combat these changes either through the courts or through sometimes heated discussion with representatives from the federal or provincial governments. In the area of hunting, the two most significant areas of recent litigation concern the right of Indian hunters to hunt on priviate unpasted lands or from public highways. The situation in Saskatchewan, until relatively recently, was that treaty Indians had an implied right of access to hunt on private unposted land as long as they were hunting for food and not hunting in a dangerous manner. That is now altered and the right to hunt as before on private property is changed. After the Provincial Government amended s.38(6) of The Wildlife Act and the Saskatchewan Court of Appeal rendered their decision on the Horse case in September, 1984, (which is now before the Supreme Court on appeal) the situation, until altered, is that treaty Indian hunters cannot trespass onto private posted or unpasted land unless they have either express or implied permission from the landowner, or if they can demonstrate to the satisifaction of the court that these are lands to which they have a right of access by '' custom or usage''. the significance of this change is most dramatically felt in central and southern Saskatchewan where most land is privately held and might be thereby closed to Indian hunting. The Legal Services Unit and lawyers for Indian hunters are now arguing that the change to the legislation was unconstitutional. They are also trying to determine what the court means by ''implied or express permission" and what access by "custom and usage'' means. All this has resulted in lengthy litigation and complicated legal arguements to clarify these and other points of law in favour of preserving Indian hunting rights. The Saskatchewan Court of Appeal has also consistently but sometimes with unclarity ruled that hunters, Indian as well as non-Indian, cannot hunt from "public highways"; and this includes spotlighting. The question this raises is whether all roads in Saskatchewan are closed to Indian hunting under all circumstances or are there some roads under certain circumstances where hunting is permitted? As a result of the Court of Appeal's uncertainty on this issue, the lawyers are spending considerable time defending Indian hunters charged with illegally hunting from various roadways in Saskatchewan. These lawyers also note that there appear to be few non-Indian hunters similarly charged, although they are equally liable for this offence. Other hunting complaints frequently concern the trespass on to reserves by conservation officers and R.C.M.P. constables who are enforcing provisions of the Migratory Birds Convention Act, the Fisheries Act or The Wildlife Act. The Hunting and Fishing Commission and the lawyers are considering ways and means to address this problem. Some bands are contemplating passing bylaws to control hunting and fishing on reserves and thereby exclude outside interference. In the area of ~hing, the most frequent charge referred to the Federation's lawyer is one of fishing without an Indian fishing permit. In the past, most Indian fishermen understood that only evidence of a treaty number was required with the nets. But now the Department of Parks and Renewable Resources, under s.37 of the Fisheries Act Regulations, is enforcing the requirement that Indian fishermen with nets first obtain a permit. Many fishermen who are unaware of this change in policy are ending up with fishing charges and because this is a federal regulation they are having difficulty defending themselves against it in court. This matter is being brought to the Federal Government's and Provincial Government's attention by the Indian Hunting and Fishing Commission. There are other legislative changes being made to the Fisheries Act Regulations, without prior consultation with Indian fishermen, which will have a direct impact on Indian fishing rights. Similarly the Indian Hunting and Fishing Commission hopes to address this situation before it gets out of hand and Indian fishing rights are further eroded. Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance in Ottawa by Delia Opekokew Summary - Reasons for Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Participation at Constitutional Conferences 1. That the constitutional forum is one of many forums which can affect and enhance the treaty rights of Indian First Nations in Saskatchewan as the subject matters include aboriginal and treaty rights, and whatever amendments are made can affect all aboriginal and treaty people. All matters under discussion affect treaty interests. 2. That the treaty Indian nations can influence positively amendments appropriate to the further enhancement of their treaty rights which amend9 1 April 1 1985 ments are the supreme laws of the country. Background 1 . After the 1983 and 1984 First Ministers' Conferences, great concerns were raised by treaty Indian people and their Chiefs about the lack of proper representation on treaty matters. �sons, however, the constitutional working group refused the PTNA access to the in-camera drafting sessions. In terms of decision-making on the contents of the '' Proposed 1985 Accord Relating to the Ahoriginal People of Canada", those in-camera sessions are the most important. In other words, the AFN constitutional working group froze us out of the most important decision-making sessions. 9. It became necessary to have separate recognition, and Chief Solomon Sanderson led the lobby on our behalf. Our pos1tion was greatly enhanced by the private, separate meetings with the Prime Minister of Canada. Delia Opekokew 2. Consequently, the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance (PTNA) was founded in November, 1984, to represent certain of the treaty Indian First Nations, who are parties to Treaties 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10 and, among other things, to seek, through the political and legal process, an invitation from the Prime Minister to the 1985 and 1987 First Ministers' Conferences and all other related meetings. 3. To expedite the political process, court action was launched on March 19, 1985, seeking an order to direct the Prime Minister to invite the PTNA to the First Ministers' Conference. 4. On March 29, 1985, the Supreme Court of Ontario ruled that the matter of representation of the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance to the First Ministers' Conference on Aboriginal Matters is a political decision. In his decision, Justice Horace Krever stated, ... "The determination of the appropriate representatives of the aboriginal peoples is in essence a political determination, that is to say, a determination that cannot properly be made by the Courts.'' 5. The decision assisted us in resubmitting our request for separate representation by the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance to the Prime Minister as the court had clearly rul- ed that the decision was for Prime Minister Brian Mulroney to make. 6. The Prime Minister replied to us on April 1, 1985, refusing our request stating that' 'Given the complexity of arrangements and preparation necessary for this conference, I regret that setting aside two seats for the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance will not be possible. As you know, seats have been allocated for the Indians, the Metis, and the Inuit and for the constituency represented by the Native Council of Canada. I have every confidence that the seats which have been allocated to the Indian people and held by the Assembly of First Nations will be available to you so that your position and interests can be adequately represented.'' 7. During the First Ministers' Conference held on April 2nd and 3rd, 1985, the Prime Minister and some of the First Ministers (Premiers) acknowledged, and recognized in principle, the separate status of the treaty interests represented by the PTNA by their statements, and by the Prime Minister meeting with us separately. The Honourable David Crombie, Minister of Indian Affairs, was indefatigable in his assistance to have us recognized. 8. The National Chief of the Assembly of First Nations had made his seat available for the PTNA spokesper10 The Position on the Proposed 1985 Accord Relating to the Aboriginal Peoples of Canada By lunch on the last day of the Conference on April 3, 1985, the Federal Government was pressing for support for its proposed accord. In essence, the proposed Accord can be summarized in the following manner: (1) That the Constitution Act, 1982, would be amended to add a clause to section 35 entitled, "rights to selfgovernment' ', the pith and substance of which recognizes and affirms rights of aboriginal people to self-government, within the context of the Canadian federation, which rights only come into force once agreements are reached. ( s.35.01(1)) (2) The agreements referred to above would be entered into with representatives of aboriginal people setting out rights of self-government subject to a declaration stating that the agreements fall within the scope of the rights of self-government as envisaged by this section, and if such agreements are approved by the Parliament of Canada and the legislatures of the province where those aboriginal people live. ( s.35.01(2)) (3) That this section would not derogate from any rights to selfgovernment, or any other rights, of the aboriginal people. ( s.35.01(3) ) In summary, the Accord would entrench and protect the rights of selfgo~ernment of the aboriginal people of Canada once agreements are reached and are approved by the Parliament of Canada, and the province �where the aboriginal people live. The Prime Minister of Canada requested a meeting specifically with the PTNA on the instigation of the Honourable David Crombie. About six of us who had stayed to the end met with the Prime Minister at about 2:00 p.m. The Prime Minister stated, "I would like your support on the proposed Accord. What will it take to get your support?" Chief Solomon Sanderson replied, "We will support you if we receive an undertaking that your government will protect and safeguard your exclusive jurisdiction over section 91(24) on Indians, and their lands, and, secondly, if we get clear indication that the treaty and bilateral process relating to all issues on the fulfillment and implementation of the treaties, and that such treaty rights are clear- ly outside, separate and above the contents of this agreement.'' The Prime Minister replied, ''Yes, I and my government will jealously hold on to our exclusive responsibility over Indians, including those found in section 91(24), and yes, a process of bilateral (i.e., exclusively between the Federal Government and the Indian treaty nations only) treaty discussions will be commencing forthwith under my direct supervision.'' Chief Sanderson then requested that our agreement with the Prime Minister be reflected in the proposed Accord, and the Prime Minister advised that we meet with Roger Tasse, the Deputy Minister, to make the appropriate changes which we did, and which clause was read into the record by Mr. John Crosbie, the Minister of Justice, "35.03 Nothing in sections Changing the Justice System 11 35.01 or 35.02 abrogates or derogates from any rights to self-government, or any other rights that the aboriginal peoples of Canada may have or may acquire by way of treaties or land claims agreements.'' This clause clearly states that treaties are separate and beyond the negotiations to self-government being endorsed by the proposed Accord. It means that treaty rights are above and beyond the confines of the Accord, and that the treaty bilateral process will exclusively be with the Federal Government. '\. With this major concession to the PTNA, we took the highroad and did not oppose the Prime Minister on the Federal Government's proposed Accord as our rights were protected separately. �A Declaration of the First Nations We the Original Peoples of this land know the Creator put us here. The Creator gave us laws that govern all our relationships to live in harmony with nature and mankind. The laws of the Creator defined our rights and responsibilities. The Creator gave us our spiritual beliefs, our languages, our culture, and a place on Mother Earth which provided us with all our needs. We have maintained our freedom, our Languages, and our traditions from time immemorial. We continue to exercise the rights and fulfill the responsibilities and obligations given to us by the Creator for the land upon which we were placed. The Creator has given us the right to govern ourselves and the right to self-determination. The rights and responsibilties given to us by the Creator cannot be altered or taken away by any other Nation. 12 �Indian Act Amendments - Bill C-31 by Deanna Wuttunee Amendments to change The Indian Act, with Bill C-31, was passed through the Commons, Wednesday, June 12. This bill could give more than 22,000 men, women and children access to treaty status, federal programs and services for off-reserve Indians. Federal Minister for Indian Affairs and Northern Development, the Honorable David Crombie, sees the bill as a deviation from the established policy of assimilation. ln announcing the press release, February 28, Crombie said: '' Recognizing the right of Indian communities and bands to determine their own members marks a historic departure from a century of paternalism. It is also a milestone in the Government's desire to advance towards greater recognition of Indian self-government.'' Provincial Premier Grant Devine said in a June 12 interview with The Saskatchewan Indian that there is no moral justification for discrimination, so his government supports the federal position. "Under our constitution, there is no end of rights for people. (We) can't have more rights for some people if we can help it. I can understand in terms of ennumeration and financial implications, how many more thousands (of people) that will mean. That's a process we better be careful with. If you just impose it, natives might not be happy. It has to be something they can deal with, economically and socially,'' he said. By virtue of the controversial bill, The Indian Act will conform with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. It will eliminate provisions that discriminate against women who , marry non-Indians and has changed the facade of Indian band membership on the basis of sex and marriage. Approximately 16,000 women are affected. Indian women were formerly stripped of treaty status and benefits while men accrue these rights to their (non-Indian) wives and children. Another 8,000 Indians also arbitrarily lost status when they joined the clergy or armed forces, completed university and/or took a job, voted in the federal elections or went abroad for five years. The minister also proposed to restore Indian status to 46,000 first generation descendants of those who lost status unfairly. Those eligible must apply for band membership to the appropriate bands. In response, Chief Sol Sanderson of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (FSIN) said, ''The federal government has taken the matter as far as they can go. They'll reinstate Indians to Indian status but that won't put them on the band list. The Minister of Indian Affairs has agreed with us to sign an agreement between the FSIN and the federal government to address that whole thing in an orderly way. (We propose to) have the family head sign an adhesion to treaty so that we deal with their legal status fully and that we create new bands and reserves where we have to.'' Honorable David Crombie Minister for Indian Affairs & Northern Development In a presentation to the Senate Committee earlier this year, FSIN stated that the regulations and reinstatement of band membership should be applied and established 13 under Indian law. Indian law arises from the historical application of customary law which Chiefs and Headmen enforced. The law has endured the passage of time and governments to culminate in Section 25 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom. There are several options FSIN is pursuing with the federal government through the bi\ateral discussions. These options are a treaty adhesion process, creation of new bands under treaty formulae, establishing a citizenship act and band membership codes. Treaty formulae provide blueprints for the creation of additional bands. In Treaty 6, this is one square mile for a family of five. A citizenship act would spell out the process for status under Indian First Nations Government and the responsbilities ensuing thereof. It would also ascertain a judicial body and an appeal process. Band membership codes would establish criteria for a band list, a registrar, an appeal procedure and a method for band membership amendments and approval. It will also spell out responsibilities of band members - old and new. Isabel McNab, President of the Saskatchewan Indian Women Association (SIW A) said that there are mixed feelings towards the amendments of Bill C-31 on the band level. ''(Some) want to bring them in (the treaty women that have lost status) and others think it's going to create a problem according to land base,'' she said. ''I don't know if I'm prepared to bring that many people in ... I have a waiting list so long, of my own people who've lived on this reserve all these years and made it what it is, and they don't have proper housing. �Aboriginal Rights and the Constitution At the First Minister's Conference (FMC) on Aboriginal Constitutional Matters of April 2 and 3, 1985, the Federal Government proposed a constitutional amendment on aboriginal self-government which includes: 1. The rights to self-government would be set out in agreements. 2. The Federal and Provincial Governments would be committed to participate in negotiations directed towards concluding agreements on self-government with aboriginal communities to the extent that each government has authority. 3. To be recognized and confirmed as part of this constitution, an agreement must be declared to be so, and must be approved by the Federal Government, and the provinces in which those aboriginal people live. Because only five instead of the required seven supported the amendments, further negotiations were held. The provinces concerned about a strong federal proposal included Saskatchekn, Nova Scotia, British Columbia and Alberta. A compromise position was tabled which was eventually called the Saskatchewan Formula. In summary, the Saskatchewan Formula is a weakened version of the Federal Government's, and it only includes two major sections for constitutional amendment: 1. The rights of self-government within the context of the Canadian federation as set out in agreements are hereby recognized and affirmed. 2. That an agreement for selfgovernment must be so declared, and must be approved by the Federal and Provincial Governments in which those aboriginal communities live regardless of whether the particular province has jurisdiction. There is no commitment to negotiate. Additionally, on the Ontario Government's instigation, there is a non-derogation clause which states that the above constitutional amendment does not take away from any rights of self-government that aboriginal people may already have . Later, the Prime Minister negotiated with the aboriginal groups, including the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance (PTNA). Since the Federal Government agreed to enhance the non-derogation clause to include "treaties" so that self-government rights flowing from treaties would not be affected, the PTN A agreed not to oppose but to cooperate with the Prime Minister on an Accord. The Prime Minister had also agreed to personally supervise bilateral discussions ( separate from the multilateral or provincial process) exclusively with the treaty First Nations, and the Federal Government. Among the other aboriginal groups, the Metis National Council and the Native Council of Canada also agreed to cooperate with the Federal Government and the seven provinces for immediate constitutional amendment. However, the Assembly of First Nations and the Inuit Council on National Issues rejected the compromise proposal known as the Saskatchewan Formula. The Prime Minister agreed to provide for a period of "reflection", and scheduled a Ministers' meeting to try to reach agreement within the mandate of the First Ministers' Conference '85. If there was agreement, then there would be a constitutional amendment flowing from the FMC '85. On June 5th and 6th, 1985, the follow-up meeting to the FMC '85 was held in Toronto. Although an effort was made to have agreement on a process for discussions and agreements on self-government, that was rejected by the Assembly of First Nations and the Inuit Council on National Issues, who preferred a substantive clause on self-government. However, the governments refused to include a substantive clause on selfgovernment until they clearly knew what, in fact, self-government entailed. The next First Ministers' Conference is in 1987, and in the meantime the Federal Government will proceed with negotiations for a form of self-government tailored to specific circumstances and to be community based and community led. 14 Poetry. BUFFALO • • SPIRIT Buffalo Spirit I have heard you bellowing as you came I felt the ground I sat upon shaking and I knew youdid not come alone. Buffalo Spirit I have heard you bellowing as you came I felt the ground I sat upon shaking and I knew you did not come alone. - Wes Fineday �PROVINCIAL PROCESS The Premier on Indian Issues by Deanna Wuttunee In the final analysis, the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (FSIN), the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance (PTN A) and the parent organization, the Assembly of First Nations (AFN) must continue to crusade to make Indian selfgovernment a reality under constitutional law. On Tuesday, June 3, Premier Grant Devine, in an interview given to The Saskatchewan Indian, said that the process is important in the assertion of aboriginal self-government. Both the Indian and non- Indian population must understand and be comfortable with the change. He said, "It can't scare the pants off people or politically it can't work." Therefore a priority for him is a definition of aboriginal selfgovernment for all the native groups involved. Among the treaty population, this includes .on-reserve versus off-reserve, and status versus nonstatus Indians. It is a situation of great complexity. Obviously, "Inuit selfgovernment is completely different from the Metis situation in the middle of Saskatoon. '' The provincial premier considers that the First Ministers' Conference (FMC) had accelerated the political relationship between his government and FSIN. Chief Sol Sanderson has endorsed the premier's position that change must be understood by all. The Premier added, ''When more and more of the population become comfortable with more and more independence by Indians - status, nonstatus - and Metis so that you have the economical independence and political independence, the dignity and the liberty and all the rest that goes with it, then it's a good thing. It's a positive thing." Premier Devine' s approach is thoroughly practical. "If it's workable, go for it. It is time to sit down and ask what works and what is the process that will allow us to make the kinds of gains everybody feels good about. Progress is most of the people believing you' re going in the right direction; we are prepared to move, but we want a process that will not frighten people or else it will not work.'' The premier cites a positive development resulting from FMC. This is his gaining more respect for band level activities as opposed to straight organizational activities. He finds self-government easier to understand in reference to bands. He said he has no desire to interfere in their affairs. However, he meets with the Chiefs annually to discuss funding issues and other matters. The previous administration gave funding to the leadership. They carved it up as they saw fit. Now the Chiefs decide and now have more economic independence . He feels that consulta15 tion is taking place on a number of levels. The premier declared himself satisfied with the process of land claims settlement. There has been one settlement to date. He said, "The general public is not fearful of it. They understand it and it's so important, so important politically." However, his government is not following the 1976 formula . Other considerations are quality of the land, the resources that are there, potential productivity and the ability to make a living on it. "Nobody want~ a hunk of rock that is going to confine people to poverty for generations to come.'' In reference to the proposed changes in the Indian Act, he said, "We don't endorse discrimination on the basis of marriage or anything else. We find no moral justification for discrimintion so we support the federal position.'' Federal Indian Affairs Minister David Crombie introduced legislation in Parliament, February 28, to eliminate discriminatory sections towards women and provide more band control over membership. Premier Devine sees the implications financially, socially and in terms of enumeration. He can certainly understand the concerns of some Chiefs. �Acronym Test In education, the premier is again the pragmatist. He is prepared to go the way of band control or provincial control providing it is beneficial to the child, but he does not agree with indefinite experimentation. It has to work over a period of time. Furthermore, he is not in favour of separate schools for ethnic groups in downtown metropolitan areas. Post-secondary education is a different matter. Adults have unique needs and are prepared to work harder to make it work. Devine returned over and over again, in discussing self-government and the land claims 8ettlements, to the French language issue. ''I take the example of the French language. What we see, now in Saskatchewan, is that more and more people want their children to speak French because it's fashionable, it's good, it's healthy, and it's educational. Once that gets in the mind of people, then they carry it themselves. Not three percent of the population is demanding that everybody speak French, but the fact is that people want it, genuinely want it," he said. However the French language question had help. On November 24, 1976, former Prime Minister Trudeau appealed to English Canada on national television and soothed Quebecers who were intent on walking out of Confederation . Indian people are not about to dance out of the Canadian mosaic. They only want to make decisions for themselves. In this centennial year, Premier Devine asks that we take courage from the values of our ancestors and with that, face the future. Asked to comment on Premier Devine's statement, Chief Sol Sanderson replied that he had never supported the position that change must be understood by all before Indian government can be asserted. Change is constant. The development and maturity of political, economic and fiscal relationship as provided by the treaties has to be dealt with more fully. FSIN is pursuing this with the federal government. ''The thing that a lot of people have to understand, including the premier and the prime minister is that nations make treaties; treaties don't make nations. And they have that understanding. It's just a matter of (not wanting) to recognize it and treat it that way. But that's how they gained access to what they have now. But we'll discuss those areas with them (and) it's impact on bands collectively. ''The thrust has changed in that we will be going bilaterally with each group - the Metis, the Inuit, the Indian, and the Non-Status - to resolve the matter in a substantive way. So we have, basically, won the tussle of putting all the Indians into one aboriginal melting pot. An acronym is a word formed from the initial letters of words in a phrase. They make up a large part oflndian life today. For example the acronym FSIN is used many times in a day by most if not all Saskatchewan Indians. FSIN to those of you who may have been living in a remote cave in Peru, means the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations. Some people make jokes about acronyms. For instance some say the word Pontiac as 'in the car means "Poor Old N eechi Thinks Its A Cadillac''. In the glory days of the Department of Northern Saskatchewan, northern Indians said the initials DNS stood for "Department No Success''. HMMMMM. They were probably right. In any case acronyms are important. They must be because there are so many of them. The following acronym test is, therefore, offered in the Indian public interest. Simply place to the right of the initials what they stand for. But be forwarned there is a ringer. 1. INAC: 2. SIIT: 3. SITI: 4. SIFC: 5. PTNA: 6. BRATS: 7. SIAP: 8. TWFHDC: 9. WCIP: 10. FSIN: 11. AFN: N 12. TGIF: 3140 Answers on page 20. . . 16 �Political Organization of a Band 1. Indian First Nations, the Treaties, and Indian Government NATIONS make TREATIES, TREATIES do not make NATIONS. The bi-lateral Treaties between Indian First Nations and the Crown in Canada confirm the legal and political relationships between the governments of Indian First Nations and the Indian First Nations and Canada on an equal basis under International Law. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 recognizes Indian Nationhood, as well as recognizing Indian title to lands/resources, and establishing the formal treaty making process between the Crown and Indian First Nations. 2. Political Organization of a Band Indian First Nations are sovereign and have been recognized as such by European Nations and the United States. Canada is obligated by legal and judicial precedents, by the treaties, Crown proclamations and political instruction, and by international law to preserve and protect the Indian First Nations cultures, Canada must allow the Indian First Nations of Canada to freely determine their sovereignty and jurisdictions. The political organization of a band must reflect the degree of sovereignty and jurisdiction that its peoples wish to continue to exercise. The tangible substance of sovereignty is evident when we look at the specific sovereign powers exercised by a government. Some inherent powers that Indian Governments must exercise are: • The power to determine the form of government. • The power to administer justice, and to make and enforce laws. • The power to grant citizenship in the Nation and the power to grant band membership. • The power to regulate domestic relations. • The power to tax • The power to regulate land and property use. The sovereign powers of Indian Government are recognized as components of the inherent rights as confirmed by the Treaties. It is a princi- pie of international and natural law that Indian Government is derived from the traditional inherent sovereignty that the Indian people as First Nations have from time immemorial possessed. No other nation, like Canada or Britain, can take away or amend these rights unilaterally. Indian nations did not occupy their territory by the grace of permission of any other nation, and the right oflndian people to regulate their internal affairs is beyond anyone's authority. The laws that have attempted to control this right are incidents of genocide. The Power to Determine the Form of Government The most important sovereign power is that of the people to select their own form of government. That right has been undermined by events in the past, and its revival is an immediate priority. Associated with this power are the following rights: • The right to administer justice and to pass and interpret laws • The right to define the powers and duties of governmental officers • The right to determine whether acts done in the name of the government are authoritative; and • The right to define the manner in which governmental officers are to be selected and removed. Under the treaties, Indians retain the right to determine the form of government under which they wish to live. The spirit and intent of the treaties guaranteed that Indian people would retain their system of government. Today, Indians, have won the option of reverting to band customs in choosing their representatives. By excercising their authority to develop forms of self-government in accordance with their political and cultural history, they are implementing the provisions of the treaties and regaining lost rights. Additionally, Indians may devise new customs and could adopt government models similar to those of the Canadian system. What is important is that the choice of selecting and administering their government is theirs. Neither the 17 minister nor the Department of Indian Affairs is, or can be, involved in a political system based on custom. None of the sections of the Indian Act relating to the election of Councils (Sections 74 to 79 inclusive) apply to Councils chosen by customary methods. Hence, such councils must develop their own constitutions or other governing documents to enumerate their governments' powers, responsibilities, and procedures. '\ We must develop fundamental laws to recognize the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of Indian governments. The constitution or governing document must define the powers and duties of governmental officers, establish procedures for determining whether acts done in the name of the government are authoritative, and define the manner in which governmental officers are to be selected and removed. Indian standards must be developed to ensure that individual band members are protected from the arbitrary actions of their band governments, with due regard for the historical, political, and cultural values of Indian nations. The Power to Administer Justice and to Make and Enforce Laws The ability to administer justice and to make and enforce laws is also an inherent power of Indian nations. The Saskatchewan bands have requested that the FSIN develop a code of Indian laws, bodies to enforce those laws and administer justice, and legislation to recognize such laws. Indian nations must have the power: • to make laws governing the conduct of persons both Indian and nonIndians, within reserves; • to establish bodies such as police forces and courts to enforce those laws and administer justice; and • to regulate traditional rights such as hunting, fishing, trapping, and gathering. An Indian Justice Commission is appointed to conduct the work of implementing these powers. Each Band must have a political organization. And it must be structured. Consider a structure that can �Political Prov. Gov't Constitutional Treaty !Complimentary Laws ~ I Resource/Revenue Sharing Unconditional Return Of Funds To The Bands - Due To The Band's Title & Interest In Land & Resources Off Reserves Social Development Council Social Services · Child Care -Adult Care • Assistance - Social Dev . Health - Clinics - Hospital -Ambulance -Nursing -Re-Hab Housing -Band Housing -Low Rental · Senior Citizens - Staff Sports/ Recreation Education Development Council · School K-12 - Post/ Secondary • Institutes - Library • Training -Human Resource Development · Colleges -Language · Cultural Dev. - Off/Reserve Services Social Safety Institutions Organization Federal Gov't Cons ti tu tional/Treaty Of The (Custom/ H r -- - --- ~----'----- Crown's Trust Responsibility l L Renewable Resources - Forestry • Water - Fishing f-Fur -Big Game - Traditional Lands NonRenewable Resources - Land Use • Industry -Small Business • Resource Sharing · Banking - Investment - Capital - Employment Agency • Tourism - Off/Reserve - Air Space Treaties Band Constitution Law and Order Codes - Membership /Citizenship -Land Use - Financial/ Admin. · Personnel - Etc. · Courts/ Tribunals - Policing -Judges - Corrections · Probation • Juvenile · Fine Option • Off/Reserve Jurisdiction (Members) I I i --~ I I Political and Judicial Development Council Band - I I .,_ _______________ ---- Economic Development Council Chief/Council or Headmen I I I ... Elders Council SIWA Youth Council ~ A 11 Elective] Treaties --- Federal Trust Centre Complimentary Law/Policy Legal Obligations Fiscal Relations Institutional Arrangements Band I (1) Clerk : Clerk of the Council I (2)(3) Clerk; Chief' I I Resource Centre & Communications Executive Portfolios Justice Dept. Justice Self Gov't Treaties Education Health Social Services Housing Economics Board Commissions Tribunals Legal Services -Treaties · Rights · Jurisdiction · Customary (Indian Common) Law -Civil Law • Criminal Law -!Human Rights · Public Administration Law -Inter• national Law__. ....... Community Library Information Centre Publications - Newsletters - Bulletins • Paper T.V. Radio Telephone High Tech. -Computer • Processors -Etc. Archival Public Works Finance and Administration Member· ship Sewage Water Garbage Roads Utilities Buildings Transportation Treasury Board or Finance Committee Citizenship Membershi( > Marriages Divorces Separations · Transfers Off-Reserve ' Dual CitizenshiJ > I - I r Director of Admin/Finance Accounting Reporting Auditing Banking Personnel Insurance Pensions Agreements Contracts Supplies/Services Computer __._ I _____ _____ ___________ _______ .......___ ..__ _._ __;- & Services Indian Governn~ ....... ----------------------------------l- CONSTITUTION Authority Legislative & Executive ----------- . Structures . Powers -----.J. Juried".< . 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(Job Descriptions & St11J • conduct • hours • travel • salariei, - leave • discipUE �nd An Indian Government FSIN -----------7 ,,.,.~irie .,.,.,.,,.,. - District/ Agency - Provincial FSIN Structure See insert for details Treaty Nations Alliance ~::::----i Assembly -------~ Inter-Governmental Affairs Structure Of First Nations World Council Of Indigenous People of the Council of the Band of Staff I Administration Centres (for bands with several reserves) Land Management & Environment Revenue & Investments Treaty Rights Research Leases Land Use Water Control Claims Treaty Specialists Monitoring lmplementation Enforcement - Services - Resources & Lands - Treaty Rights Revenue Capital Accounts Agreements Investments Resource Sharing Taxation Corporate Developments Financing Arrangement Management Systems Comptroller Training Consulting Band Development Band Holding Company Band Resource Development Corporation Band Investment 1ent - tion res - ...... elations & Procedures I ada/Sask Relationships cles hol erty Rights nce/Admin. es Judiciary - Treaty Principals Customs of Band Trust (Fiducary) Judicial Administration Indian Courts Indian Police Corrections Probations - Taxation · Animals - Firearms - Cultural Affairs - Recreation Hunt/Fish-. Trap/Gather..,.. .S t ations 1ng Policy I/dismissal Corp. - Laws - Archives & Records - Agreements - Contracts 19 Corp. �accommodate both a customary/traditional and a contemporary process of governing. (See the political organization of a band chart herein). A Band Government Structure and Political Organization In order to revive Indian Government, a band will need to consider a band government strucure that requires: • A "Legislative and Executive Branch'' of Indian Government. The legislative process must be organized to provide for a system of making laws. • A ''Judicial Branch'' of Indian Government. The Judicial Branch of Indian Government establishes the structure and functions of the Judiciary and it's institutions. (e.g. court systems and tribunals). • An "Indian Public Administration Branch" and Institutions of Indian Government. This provides for the administration, implementation and enforcement of Indian laws, Indian policy and Indian regulations. Jurisdiction then is exercised by establishing all those major branches of a government. In order to revitalize and reaffirm Indian Government, Indian First Nations will have to consider a modified political organization of a band as proposed herein. Indian First Nations will have to determine: • Instruments of Government: Indian First Nations Constitutions, Law and Order Codes, Policies, Regulations, Conventions, Treaties. • Political, Judicial, Legal Institutions: Executive - Chief, Headman, Council. • Indian Public Administration: Institutions and services of Indian Governments. • Administration: Internal accountability and degree of centralization of control. • Fiscal Relations: New fiscal arrangements with Canada that will be able to accommodate Band, District, Provincial and National levels of Indian Government providing a full range of functions and corresponding services as follows: 1. Political Functions 2. Executive Functions 3. Institutional Development 4. Legal or Justice Systems 5. Public Works 6. Indian Economic and Resource Development 7. Comprehensive Social Safety Net 8. Treaty Enforcement 9. Administration 10. Programs and Services (Treaty and Statutory) Once the political organization of a band considers and makes provision for all of these components, and Executive Legislation or Judical Branch of Government, the true government to government political relationship with Canada as provided for in the Treaties will be reaffirmed. The coexistence based on equality of Indian Law to Canada in Law as provided for in the treaties will also be reaffirmed. As dictated by the nature of the Treaties, complimentary Construction of laws by Federal and Provincial Governments in recognition of implementing the Treaties and the jusidictions of Indian Government are required. A band must be politically organized, as opposed to being organized only administratively. The political organization of a band must provide for broader participation by band members in the Indian Government. The political structure of a band as herein proposed, provides for this broad participation of the band members and more effective exercise of their rights as well as providing for Intergovernmental relations, and a clear linkage between the Institutions. In order to achieve self determination, the Indian First Nations must immediately address the political organization of a Band with the intent to preserve and protect band organization and to preserve and protect their inherent and treaty rights. This they must do or face the continuing derogation of those rights under a neocolonial administrative structure set up under foreign laws. The choice is clear and the choice is for the Indian First Nations to make. Poetry. • • EVENING Evening falling all around everything is still I hear the voices of the children floating on the wind the leaves upon the poplar tree dance with gentle m~ves and hum a timeless melody for earth and sky and mo.on. - Wes Fineday Acronym Test Answers . .. 1. Indian Northern Affairs Canada 2. Saskatchewan Indian Institute of Technologys 3. Saskatchewan Indian Training Institute 4. Saskatchewan Indian Federated College 5. Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance 6. Blood Reserve Arts and Theatrical Society 7. Saskatchewan Indian Agricultural Program 8. Touchwood File Hills District Chiefs 9. World Council of Indigenous Peoples 10. Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations 11. Assembly of First Nations 12. Thank God Its Friday Correct Answer Ratings: None - Turn in your treaty card One to Four - Par for the course Five to Six - You' re a model Indian citizen Seven to Nine - If you don't already work for the Federation you should be Ten to Twelve - Run for the FSIN executive. 20 �Land Surrenders: Sales Project by Anita Gordon-Murdoch Director Treaty Rights and Research Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations While detailed research by the Indian Rights and Treaties Research Program has been carried out on a number of reserve land surrender claims, the question of the administration of land sales subsequent to surrender has not yet been dealt with. Cote, Key, Little Black Bear and many other bands may have important claims in this area. The recent Supreme Court decision in the Musqueam case has significant implications for this work. It found that once a surrender of reserve land has been taken then Canada has some definite, legal obligations to the band concerned quite apart from existing federal legislation. Even so, there were already a series of obligations enforceable in the courts in relation to a surrender of Indian land. These formed the basis on which surrender research has been undertaken. The Indian Rights and Treaties Research Program has studied three particular questions in establishing surrender claims: • violations of statutes • unconscionable transactions • administration of sales Firstly, the Program has looked for technical violations of the Indian Act or other statutes in relation to the actual taking of a surrender. Were there insufficient eligible voters present at a meeting voting on a surrender? Were all the provisions in the Indian Act in relation to summoning a surrender meeting - like giving adequate notice compiled with? Wherever the Program can find technical violations to the Act, that gives grounds for challenging the legitimacy of the surrender itself. The second area considered is more difficult to define. In connection with the White Bear claims, we looked for what are called ''unconscionable transactions''. Did, for example, the federal government's officials take advantage of the relatively weak position of the Indian Band to force it to surrender its lands? So the Program tried to establish as much as possible about the climate surrounding the taking of the surrender. Was pressure put on the bands to make them surrender? Did officials in the Department of Indian Affairs, or others, actively work to induce bands to surrender against their own better interests? Thirdly, there is the question of what the Federal Government did with lands once they had been surrendered for sale. A number of conditions were attached to many of the surrenders. Land was surrendered, for example, on the basis of bands receiving specified monies at the time of the surrender meeting, and of distributions of interest being made. Such conditions are part of the Orders-in-Council passed to confirm the taking of the surrender. We always look at the extent to which Canada honoured the terms of a surrender. How well did Canada administer the sales of the land? Did they advertise the sales properly? Did they make sure that the bands received the best possible price for their land, given the then current market conditions? This matter - the administration of lands surrendered by bands for sale - has acquired added significance through the Musqueam decision. According to the Supreme Court, once a band surrenders land for sale then Canada has equitable obligations which are enforceable in law. While we always give impQJ'tance to land sales research, this has become more 21 �important than ever because of Musqueam. On the basis of research done to date on land surrenders in Saskatchewan and the other two Prairie Provinces, it is probable that virtually every band that had a surrender taken for sale between 1896 and 1930 has a claim it might make, given the way Canada administered the sales of Indian lands. When people bought surrendered Indian land, the purchaser agreed to meet a certain set of conditions. He agreed to pay a lump sum at the time of purchase, and then a series of annual payments, partly of interest, partly of principal. In many cases, however, the federal government allowed these buyers to fall deeply into arrears. Sometimes payments lapsed for twenty years before a sale was finally cancelled. If the federal government had acted quickly to cancel sales in these cases the bands could have retained whatever payments had been made, and the land put on the market again. Bands would have benefitted from the higher prices issuing from the general tendency for land values to increase over time. Instead, the Indian interest was substanitally damaged. The Department of Indian Affairs used a most curious method of calculating interest in Indian land sales until 1933, when the accounting system was changed. All sorts of errors had been made, and there is no doubt that bands lost money because of this earlier system itself. Further, the Department had a series of regulations affecting Indian land sales. These were designed to protect bands in the disposition of their surrendered lands. These regulations were constantly breached through the way individual purchases were handled by the Department. The Department constantly allowed purchasers to defer payments. People would buy land and two or three years later, after they had made their original payment, they would write in to say they were having hard times and could not afford to pay. The Department then waived payments. For lands surrendered by bands like Little Black Bear, which had surrenders taken immediately before the Depression, many local farmers could not afford to make their payments. They applied for relief under the terms of the Farmers Credit Arrangments Act, passed by the Federal Government to give relief to debtpressed farmers in the Prairies. Many of these people applied for such relief in relation to the surrendered Indian lands they had purchased. It is an open question whether Indian lands should have been subjects for that sort of relief, because the Federal Government's priority obligation was to obtain a good deal for the Indian. These and many other questions are raised in the administration of Indian land 22 sales. Surrender research can hardly be complete without carrying out a thorough investigation of these questions. This work is extremely timeconsuming. An enormous number of transactions are involved. In the case . of Moosomin and Thunderchild, for example, there are 245 land sales transactions which have to be traced for up to forty years after the original sale. What is more, any staff member going through the ledgers has to be a better accountant than was the Indian Affairs clerk at the time; he would be correcting the errors made in their calculations. Because of the size of this task and its complexity, the Indian Rights and Treaties Research Program devised for the Chiefs of bands which surrendered lands a proposal to carry out a major land sales research project. This involves putting the information onto a computer, and having the machine carry out all of the necessary manipulations. The Treaty and Aboriginal Rights Research Program of the Indian Association of Alberta, the Manitoba TARR Centre, and Manitoba Bands not affiliated with it have expressed much interest in this and there are good grounds for having a joint prairie research effort. The i' situations in all three Prairie Provinces are identical: the same land situation, the same administration of land sales. At their meeting on May 1, 1985, the Chiefs passed a resolution giving the Indian Rights and Treaties Research Program a mandate to inaugurate this research immediately, in cooperation with the other groups. �Social Development and Treaty For all their complexity the treaties basically break down into four areas: Land, Economics, Social and Educational rights and Indian Government. Because Indian Government remains silent it is taken as a right that we maintained. The remaining rights are quite clearly spelled out in the text of the treaties as well as in the spirit and intent of the negotiations. The implementation of the First Nations Government Program in the Social Development Sector is directly tied to the reaffirmation of traditional, historical precepts founded upon First Nations culture, aboriginal rights, and treaty rights. For example, the spirit and intent of the Treaty is very specific in respect of social assistance. "That in the eventof hereafterof the Indians comprisedwithin this Treaty being overtakenby any pestilence,or by a general famine, the Queen. . . will grant to the Indiansassistanceof suchcharacterand to such extent. . . necessaryand sufficient to relieve theIndiansfrom thecalamitythat shall have befallenthem. '' them and their peoples by the Creator. • The First Nations Government has the right to provide for its preservation and prosperity and to organize itself as it sees fit, to legislate concerning its interests, to determine the jurisdiction and competence of its courts and to develop and entrench its own written or unwritten constitution. • The primacy of each First Nations Band Government will be respected at all times. It is acknowledged, however, that there will be many similiarities and standaridization. Standardized processes are especially necessary for orderly conduct of international, Canada - First Nations, and Intergovernmental affairs. • First Nations will continue to affirm and enter into bilateral and multilateral relationships with each other in settling matters of common concern respecting each others diversity, traditions and equality. • First Nations will promote and pro- The position of the Indian negotiators was one of foresight and practicality. They were aware that their traditional economic base had been destroyed and consequently the Crown was obliged to ensure that First Nations citizens' basic human needs were fulfilled in an atmosphere of self development as opposed to one of dependency. • Being the original and First Nations of Canada, individual First Nations have the right to exercise SelfGovernment. The primacy of each First Nation Band Government will be respected at all times. • First Nations Government will reaffirm their dignity and faith in their aboriginal rights and title, and treaties entered into with the Crown. They will promote the recognition and safeguarding of their aboriginal right and title, and Treaty rights at District or Tribal, Regional, Territorial, National and International forums. • First Nations Governments will enhance and safeguard the natural laws and traditions as endowed to 23 tect the rights of the citizens of First Nations, individual and collective rights, aboriginal rights -and title as provided for in various international treaties. • Of paramount importance to First Nations Governments is the need to establish social services and programs which meet the requirements and standards established by the citizenry. First Nations Governments will develop and direct the programs; services are required a stable, healthy, productive community atmosphere in which all individuals will find support and encouragement and an acceptable quality of life. There will be a full social '' safety net'' established to meet First Nations social security requirements. • Social development services as they are applied to First Nations citizens must be arranged between the Federal Government and First Nations Government. Authority and funding must be entirely transferred to First Nations �Governments on a statutory, global basis . • Child service programs must be instituted to ensure that children have every opportunity to remain with their families if possible or to be turned over to foster care within First Nations foster homes. • The administration of income support, including discretionary use of funds with regard to community service projects undertaken, will be the responsibility and authority of the First Nations Governments. • Youth Justice Programs of the First Nations Government will supplant the Federal Young Offenders Act. A program of supervised community service work will be implemented in lieu of imprisonment for minor offenders. • Funding must be made available to undertake social planning studies from which the First Nations can devise effective social service programs which can strengthen family · relationships, support individual rehabilitation, build character and a sense of purpose in First Nation youth, provide daycare and preschool facilities reduce the incidence of suicide and violent death, provide services for the aged, et al . • Federal and First Nations legislation respecting First Nation control of Social Services must be developed. The passage of a Federal First Nations Social Services Act recognizing the First Nations Government's full responsibility for the provision of social services to the citizenry must be passed . • Legislation must provide for First Nation Governments development and delivery of programs ) services and facilities and the transfer of fiscal resources from the Federal Government to First Nation Government. • The overall goal of First Nations Government development and implementation in the social development sector is to provide funadmental human freedoms and rights by fostering self-reliance and p~rsonal development. Ofi)timal personal, family and community development will occur through First Nations Government control of the legal, financial program, and administrative aspects of social development. Treaty Land Entitlement Anita Gordon-Murdoch by Anita Gordon-Murdoch Director Treaty Rights and Research Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Under the terms of Treaties signed chiefly in the 1870's in Saskatchewan between th~ Imperial Crown and Indian tribes, bands are still owed approximately 1.2 million acres. Under the Natural Resources Transfer Agreement of 1930 land is to be provided by the province to settle any outstanding land entitlements. In 1976 an official agreement called the 1976 Land Entitlement Agreement was adopted for the purpose of transferring those lands to bands without any further delay. It is almost 10 years since the 1976 agreement, and of the 33 bands with outstanding land entitlements, only one band (Stoney Rapids) has received its full entitlement. One other band (Fond Du Lac) is nearing the receipt of its land, finally. Because of the transfer of lands to Indian bands is politically unpopular in the province of Saskatchewan, the present Saskatchewan Government is currently in the process of devising a new policy tor settling lands owed under Treaty. Under this policy bands would receive less land than they are owed. In summary, bands have been forced to live without the use of their lands since the 1970's. Since 1976 bands have met with continuous government procrastination. Now bands are faced with an attempt by Saskatchewan to reduce the amount of land owing to them to something the province can live with politically. Although the provincial government has not said so publicly, it appears they will try to reduce or limit the amount of land a band receives. They will do this by placing a cash value on the lands the bands wishes to select. Based on that value, the province would offer assets such as cash, shares in Crown corporations, tax incentives, etc., in place of land. 24 On the land entitlement issue there have been moves by the Saskatchewan Government to implement a new policy and get bands to support it. Nearly half the bands in the province have not yet received the full amounts of land due to them under treaty. In spite of an agreement between Canada , Saskatchewan and these bands made nearly ten years ago, only about five percent of the entitlement acreage of 1 . 2 million acres has been transferred to reserve status, most of it to one band. (See table) For transfer of land having economic value, there are costs to be met. These are both financial and political, and neither Saskatchewan nor Canada has so far been willing to meet them. Saskatchewan's scheme is to reduce the actual amount of land owed to bands and substitute other assets for it. At treaty, promises were made about land. Out of the area being opened to settlement the bands were to reserve part for themselves. In most of the Saskatchewan treaties, this was to be one square mile for each family of five, that is 128 acres per person. The bands did not have the opportunity to reserve all the land they were entitled to under treaty. ·Federal officials had to be involved in the selection and survey of lands. After the initial surveys made soon after treaty, little or no progress was made towards settling the debt. Canada was fully �BAND Total Entitlement Acres # @ '\Wt ii Transfers Acres Locatipn ft·'/ %',:·'~"' Ii kvt• ,~;"Lade Ji\ l1Bea!lva) ?tudent l\esidence "½7Primeau"' Lake English River Flying Dust Fond du Lac Joseph Bighead Kel seelfoos~'" 0 Little Pine Lucky Man Moosomin M'bsqJito/Grizzl/ Mus keg LaJse Muskowekwan "Bear's H't ad "'I+ t['*' '·'Muskowekwan il Resi,~enee , Nikanee't Nµt Lqke Ocha pow ace Qkane\~ One Airow qpion ,1, J-,akt\t:, Pelican Lake J:>~ ,ter Ballantyne Piapot w r, P6undmak/; R~d Pheasant Saulteaux 1 Starblanket ~ Stony Rapids Sweetg ,rass ThundeFchild W itch~),<anzif.aker 25 Student �aware of these unfulfilled entitlements. It had not met its treaty obligations respecting land when it handed over control of lands and other natural resources to the province in 1930 under the Resources Transfer Agreement. By that time, nearly all the surveyed land in the ''fertile' ' southern section of Saskatchewan had already passed into private hands. The 1930 Agreement obliges the province to make land available to meet treaty land entitlements, but only "unocupied Crown land", that is land not covered or pre-empted by "third party interests": like holders of mineral exploration licenses, grazing leases or forestry leases. This limitation, with provincial unwillingness to transfer lands to the Federal Government for reserves, blocked settlement of entitlements. However, in the late 1970's under the Saskatchewan Formula Agreement the Province agreed to make all its Crown lands available for selection by bands, on condition that the Federal Government do the same and that third-party interests occupying Crown land be satisfied. At the same time, the bands, the Province and Canada agreed that the acreage for the settlement of treaty land entitlements would be based on the band populations as of December 31st, 1976. This is the 1976 cut-off formula, a compromise the bands had agreed to in expectation of rapid settlement of the issue. It did not change the treaties. It simply clarified one of their most important terms. Entitlements are Crown, that is, Federal Canadian responsibilities to bands under treaty. The respective obligations of the provincial and federal governments under the 1930 Transfer Agreement are matters for those two alone. Indian bands were in no way parties to it, though it has had some serious effects on their land and other natural resource rights . Even with the provision that all Crown lands are available for selection, few such lands are of more than marginal economic value. That is why they are still public. They are mostly in northern Saskatchewan, where value lies chiefly in very localized known mineral sites . On these, private corporations have acquired mining rights, and if entitlement settlements are to include them then satisfactory agreements have to be negotiated between the corporations concerned and the Federal Government, acting for the band. There must also be provincial approval. This process has been completed in the Stony Rapids case, the only entitlement band which has to date received its full quota of land under treaty. A similar settlement proposal for the Fond du Lac Band goes before band members at a referendum in June, 1985. The only way for bands to acquire rural land with reasonably good prospects for creating income in southern Saskatchewan is to have private land bought for them. Neither Saskatchewan nor Canada has said it will do this, nor have they for that matter said exactly how third-party interests on Crown land are to be compensated so that they can be satisfied. Bands have selected parcels of Crown land, but have kept potential acreages back pending the provision of financial resources to buy land. Lack of agreed policies at the Federal and Provincial levels on the financing of entitlements has left bands once again the victims of a federal-provincial argument. After three years of inaction by the present provincial administration, Saskatchewan has put in motion a policy through reducing the entitlement of bands to land and substituting other assets for it. It is attempting to give entitlements a dollar value. This value is then to be applied to a '' mixed" package of land, cash, government assets, and similar items. When a band has received its quota of value then its entitlement would be met, even though it has received only a portion of its agreed land entitlement. The Federal Government's attitude to this policy is vague. It has been asked by the provinc;e to agree that this approach will satisfy entitlements to bands, and, while not closing its options, appears to be supportive of what the province is doing. the Federal Minister, David Crombie, considers the provincial proposals '' a fair negotiating approach worthy of consideration by all parties. '' Neither the provincial nor federal government has yet come out and said 26 clearly what it is doing. No policy statements have been issued. The elements of the provincial approach were presented to the Chiefs last year as personal views held by the Province's entitlement official, Ian Cowie. At a meeting last month for all' the entitlement band Chiefs, they were told that these were now provincial policy. Meanwhile, precedents are being created as bands become party to the arrangements. These policy shifts have been made in a way which frustrates bands as they try to judge tpeir implications. They have not the financial resources needed to assess the economic and legal issues involved so that they can make informed decisions on this new initiative. And as these new developments proceed, it will become increasingly difficult for bands to insist, on their right to their full entitlement quotas with lands of an overall reasonable economic value. There is little doubt that should a band want productive land it will have to take less than the acreage it is entitled to acqmre. If bands do agree to take something apart from land as part of its land entitlement, then the 1976-77 Saskatchewan Formula Agreement will have been broken. The treaty the bands signed will have been changed. This will have been done without the required procedures being followed. Any conversion of land to other assets or to smaller quantities of land with some economic potential is at least as significant a loss as the land surrenders through which Saskatchewan bands have been denied so much of their best agricultural land. This has been the subject of much expensive research and litigation, and it is hoped it will be rectified through restoration or compensation.Land surrenders were justified by the Federal Government as providing cash and other assets for economic development. These returns proved short-lived at best and were incapable of expanding reserve economies. Other treaty promises cover resources for achieving economic development without the permanent loss of one of the major Indian material asset: the land. The land is not simply a matter of �economic resources base. Beyond such material values, the land is a living space, a homeland secure from the undermining infuences of the surrounding non-Indian society, where the political, cultural and spiritual values of Indians can flourish. Both the Federal and Provincial Governments are viewing the substitutes for land as aids to .band economic development. This helps Canada out of one of its treaty obligations. Further, there is danger that the . cash and assets can be easily lost or transferred out of Indian hands to their continued impoverishment. Land is not only protected, but is lasting and owed through treaty. Under the new policy, bands would have land taken away from them before they have even got it. Their reserves would be smaller than they ought to be. Acquisition of Indian land by non-Indian has been the constant theme of the Indian white relations in North America. It has been done in a variety of ways. Whether by outright theft or this new variety of scrip, the effect is the same. Under the recent provincially-inspired developments this treaty protection of created fund to expedite this. SatisfacIndian land is in danger of being tory conclusion of the unfinished treasubverted. ty business called entitlements is Some bands may conclude that the ultimately a bilateral matter between provincial approach is appropriate to bands and the Federal Government. their needs; others may wish to stand It is important to recall that the behind the treaties and the SaskatSaskatchewan Formula Agreement chewan Formula Agreement. was the most successful package which Whatever their decision, it is im·has been put together to date for dealing with entitlements in Canada. The perative that they be given the finanAgreement helped establish a climate cial resources necessary for them to in which issues such as entitlement reach fully informed decisions. These could be dealt with openly an in good will be taken in light of their own and faith. Looking back on this achievedecendant' s interests, and should not ment, the Federation, in a 1983 subjeopardize those of other bands. The mission to the provincial government, Federation has pressed for such said, "The Saskatchewan Agreement resources, and for the establishment was, on balance, a good and fair one, of general principles of settlement on which set right a long-standing inthe basis of discussions between Canada, Saskatchewan and all the enjustice; made available to Indian -bands the possibility of acquiring a titlement Chiefs in the Province. diversified resource base on which Principles should deal with such matters as the conversion of land . economic self-sufficiency could be bas.ed; and did no injustice to any other values, the maintenance of parity group of people living in Saskatamongst all bands and the place of chewan." For such reasons it should land purchases in providing ennot be lightly disregarded by any of titlements. Bands want the Federal Government to its Minister's committhe parties to it. ment to provide capital for the purchase ofland. They seek a specially- Claims Policy and Rights Protection by Anita Gordon-Murdoch Director Treaty Rights and Research Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Recognition and settlement of the major treaty claims is not possible under the Federal Government's present claims policies. The serious results of this situation and the opportunity to deal with it have been important reasons for the Federation's involvement in the treaty renovation process with the Federal Government. It is clear that if it is to be at all credible, this new initiative has to provide ways to settle band claims in a satisfactory way. But Canada has to go beyond this. There must also be permanent mechanisms through which First Nations can gain protection of existing and restored rights in the future. This is the function of the Treaty and Aboriginal Rights Protection Office which the Federation has been actively seeking. This should be set up with full constitutional backing. Many attempts have been made in the past by the F ederaton to safeguard Indian rights through political, legal and administrative mechanisms. This was a major reason why the FSIN was created in the first place. Like the work on the Protection Office, past efforts have provided foundations on which the approach now underway are based. When First Nations begin to acquire acceptable redress for claims, this will be a sure token that their new relationship with the Federal Government is off to a good start. Without redress, there will still be all the festering distrust and hindrances these unsettled disputes create. Some of the clearest treaty promises, such as those protecting the continued, uninterrupted use by bands of their traditional resources, have been undercut. This first began soon after the treaties were signed, and violations have continued under protest ever since. Such treatment of Indian rights will continue unless there are permanent 27 guarantees to prevent it. Without them, the treaties will still be exposed and u protected in the face of legislative, judicial, administrative and corporate abuse. The federal government will continue to default on its obligations. There is now a movement toward the constitutional and legislative entrenchment of rights and responsibilities under renovated treaties. This is being complemented by efforts to replace Canada's claims policies with new processes and protective systems. All bands are aware of the defects in the existing approaches and their self-serving character. This includes the ways they are administered and financed. The federal claims policy was made public in 1973. It has remained very much the same ever since, though there were locally significant changes in 1982. These dealt with some types of claims respecting federal management of Indian land. The overall policy was continued in the face of In- �dian opposition to its unfairness and bias. Similar objection has been taken to the way the courts have dealt with violations of treaty provisions. The views of racist judges in the late nineteenth century are routinely repeated to justify decisions which deny the rights of Indian bands to political power , economic resources and cultural survival. These pronouncements are flat contradiction to the treaties and to international conventions and law. Unfortunately, at present these courts, with their alien procedures and phenomenal cost, are the only avenue available to bands which do not want to go along with the federal government's procedures. When bands consider the full range of their treaty claims they see little to choose between the two options. The Supreme Court's decision in the Musqueam case may signal a new openness by the judiciary to taking Indian claims and rights seriously . But the range of legal interpretations of the significance of that judgement leaves many questions to be answered by the courts in the future. The federal claims policy developed in the 1970's, with it's administrative arm, the Office of Native Claims, and it's financial procedures, was a unilateral creation. Neither about the policy nor its recent revision was there ever a pretence at consultation with Indian nations. As if to give the impression that there was, The government's current glossy outline of its claims policy covering the Prairies and some other parts of the country has a section called "Indian Views", which they say "have been taken into consideration . . . in developing (the) new policy initiatives." As part of its approach to claims, The Federal Government set up a false division between what it called "specific" and "comprehensive" claims. Each of these categories was carefully defined so as to restrict the government's liability. Ever since the early 1960's, when the Indian Affairs Branch and the Justice Department became aware of just how much claims settlements might cost, care has been taken to keep the financial costs of any claims process to levels which are both predictable and acceptable within tightening federal budgets. Under the 1973 policy, "comprehensive'' claims were to be based on "traditional native use and occupancy ofland". This was the way the federal government, following the kinds of legal pronouncements already referred to, looked upon aboriginal title. Those views have not changed. The government's objective has been to have this title ''extinguished''. In this way, no original, aboriginal rights survive into a treaty settlement, and treaty rights become newly allocated privileges given at the government's discretion. In this way, an unacceptable, false interpretation of treaties is structured into the very makeup of the policy. It denies recognition to the continuity of the land and other resource rights of Indian First Nations from the pretreaty period. When rights become privileges they are as easy to deny as give. "Specific" claims, said the government, are those which relate to the administration of land and other Indian assets, and to the fulfilment of treaties. But the acceptance of those claims depends upon the government ' s strict legal liability for them . This is what is meant by the government meeeting its "lawful obligations " . Because of the attitudes and values exhibited by the court system, little redress has been gained through the policy by the treaty nations. The exceptions are those few bands which have suffered the most blatant injustices in the ways they were deprived of their reserve lands. They have stood to benefit from the dropping of technical legal defences by the government for negotiating purposes. Defences, of course, apply should a band want to take its claim to court . At times, political expediency has been the rule in carrying out the claims policy . Proposals for settlements are subject to review by Ministers. This explains some of the inconsistencies of the interpretation of "lawful obligations" across the country . Secrecy surrounds the reasons for the government's acceptance or rejection of particular claims, and the assessment of compensation, if any. And the whole process is dependant on the whims of unilaterally controll28 ed federal financing. No wonder that bands feel the wheels of justice are powered through invisible cogs . This way of responding to Indian claims in no way confo.rtns to the spirit and intent of the treaties. These were bilateral in format and character, the outcome of public open meetings which were governed by procedures respectful of both parties. It is not surprising that the claims policy has achieved so little for treaty Indian nations. It certainly has not achieved much for the federal government if it · is serious in its pr~essed concern to deal with claims successfully . The major treaty-area-wide claims of First Nations in Saskatchewan have no prospects of being considered under this policy, let alone of being settled . These claims include the wholesale undercutting of hunting, fishing and trapping rights, and losses of traditional lands and resources in general . Research into the loss of these rights is being undertaken by the Indian Rights and Treaties Research Program of the Federation. Many elders have been interviewed and their experiences documented as part of the ongoing treaty interpretation project. Obligations and responsibilities which the Crown took upon itself through the treaties to protect these resources have given way before federal legislation and administrative practices, as well as before provincial and private interests hostile to Indian rights. Federal action has at times helped the Province to do this: Indian fishing rights, some of them constitutionally entrenched through the Natural Resources Transfer Agreement of 1930, continue to be denied under provincial laws made under the wing of Canada's own legislative authority. Provincial governments have more constitutional power because of the new Canadian Constitution. This has been shown in the outcomes of the three Section 37 Conferences on aboriginal constitutional matters held so far. These intrusions by the provinces into federal- Indian concerns make it increasingly important to achieve bilateral agreements with the federal government on ways to bring redress to bands for past wrongs. These agreements should also make '\ �'! sure that the long history of denial and tional forums which First Nations facilitate the settlement. Where a seterosion of basic treaty rights is securehave available for seeking redress on tlement could not be reached, there ly reversed. such scores. should be access to a quasi-judicial The Commons' Committee on InWith Treaty Indian Nations movprocess. If some such variety of addian Self-Government fully supported ing into a process of treaty renovation, judication is favoured for settling Indian proposals for developments they are giving attention to acceptable claims, then a joint agreement would along these lines. The Committee said claims settlement mechanisms and be needed as to how it should be that there must be a new policy to proprotective arrangements. Decisions created, operated and financed. Who, .mote the fair and just re:mlution of will have to be made on what claims for example, would determine rules outstanding claims, ~nd that this member nations wish to pursue. This or standards to be applied to a given should be in line with the protection depends on the nature and extent of body of evidence? The process of setof aboriginal and treaty rights in the the obligations incurred by the tling past claims can be extended to Constitution . The members agreed include the restoration of lost rights Crown. It depends, too, on the rights that the details of any new policy and reserved and acquired by the Indian and the conclusion of agreements for signatories to a given treaty. The process should be decided through protection in the future. As the Combilateral negotiations. defenition of these obligations and mittee stressed, it is imperative that Experience throughout Saskatrights is the first stage of the treaty any new process be shielded from renovation process . chewan and other treaty areas with political intervention. One thing is clear : procedures for the existing claims can have any real The Treaty Indian Nations of dealing with claims will be fair and acvalue and the full support of First NaSaskatchewan have had experience of tions . This is also shown in the case ceptable only if they are based on the various mechanisms for having their bilateral principles which underlie of indigenous peoples outside Canada claims dealt with: the courts, Comtreaty-making. This would ensure who have tried to assert their claims missions, direct discussions, negotiaagainst the states within whose bounthat the federal government stops betions, lobbying, federal administrative ing the judge of its own case, as it is daries they live. Claims settlement processes. The Federation has proposprocesses have themselves become the under present policy. The processes ed ways in which rights can be entrencreators of claims and grievances. The and precedents applied to claims ched, monitored and protected on an experience of Indian nations with the should not be those imposed by one ongoing basis. In devloping proposals United States Indian Claims Comparty alone. In no aspect must any for a new approach to claims and mission is a case in point, as are the new approach be seen to be subject rights issues, all this past experience deepening crises associated with the to unilateral control. has come under close scrutiny, as has The Committee on Indian SelfAlaskan and James Bay settlements. the operation of the present policy and In its approach to claims the federal Government proposed that claims the ways the bilateral of treaty renovagovernment draws upon legal should be negotiated between the tion can be utilized to counter its precedents and rules from within the federal government and the Indian deficiencies. system of which it is part. Through claimants. A neutral party would these, it determines the extent of rights it feels obliged to meet. Saskatchewan Treaty Nations have countered this by pointing to . Canada's responsibilities under international law and conventions. These precedents are drawn together in the draft International Covenant on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. For example, Part Ill of this covenant relates to the resource aspects of treaty claims and rights protection. Article 1 states that, ''Indigenous Peoples are entitled to the lands they use and to the protection of the extent of use in areas where the use of land is shared in a compatible manner with others, and to those parts of their traditional lands which have never been transfer-. red out of their control by a process involving their free consent." The Left to Right: Chief Hector Kkailther, Lac La Hache Band; Chief Sol Sanderson, Federation Commission of Indigenous Rights, of Saskatchewan Indian Nations; and Chief Daniel Robillard, Stony Rapids Band. outlined in part V of the Covenant, would complement the other interna- Northern Development ~ I~ 29 �In a press conference at the Bessborough Hotel, June 20, the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (F. S. I. N.) announced the establishment of a committee which will review and study economic growth in Saskatchewan, focusing on the North. The committee is made up of representatives from the Indian community, uranium companies and the provincial and federal governments. The study will zero in on industrial development and its impact on natives with a goal of channeling some benefits towards Indian people. The bands in the north feel that they are not getting any returns for Northern Industrial Development. To date, between 1974 and 1982, $159,000,000 has been spent in the north through the OREE agreement. "For what? We're not sure, but we know they didn't impact on the reserves or bands. To date, there are no returns for exploitation of resources, no benefits except in terms of employment opportunities but we need much more than that." said Mr. Sanderson. We're talking about the bottom line being dollars for Indian development and Indian control. If it means accessing some of the royalties and taxes before they go to the province and the Feds, then that's what it means. Its as simple as that," Sanderson said. '' Infrastructure development for Indian bands and an acceptable wildlife policy are some of these benefits discussed. In the Manitoba agreement, the Wildlife Resource Policy states that the residents of the area are given first access to wildlife resources and it excludes nonresidents,'' according to Chief Sol Sanderson. '' In spite of all the developments in the North and the money spent, the symptoms are still there: poverty, high unemployment, high suicide rate, high infant death, alcoholim," said Chief Sanderson. Other issues that the newly form- ed committee will be pursuing for Indian people in the north are a trap line policy and monitoring of environmental issues. Chief Sanderson said: "We want to know what the immediate and long range impact of uranium development is going to be and we are going to get involved in setting some standards. ' ' Chief Daniel Robillard of the Stoney Rapids Band added that no one has ever showed up in his community to outline the basics of uranium development and possible long term harmful'\effects. He said he would like to see representatives from the Rabbit Lake mining company come to his reserve and tell the people what they are doing. Other issues to be studied by the committee are social and human resource development, employment training, land exchange and mining. Participants at the conference were: • Chief Sol Sanderson, Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations • NOTICE • This will serve as official notice for the "Call to Assembly" for the Fall session of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Chiefs' Council Legislative Assembly to held on October 14 - 18, 1985. The Executive Elections will be held in accordance with Article VI of the Convention Act. Candidates seeking an Executive position must file with the Clerk of the Legislative Assembly a Declaration of Intent by August 25, 1985 in compliance with Article VI, Section 25 (D) which states: "Each eligible person shall file with the Clerk of the Legislative Assembly a Declaration Intent to seek an executive office fifty (50) days prior to the election date.'' The Declaration of Intent should be forwarded of to: Ms. Elsie Roberts Clerk of the Legislative Assembly Executive Office Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations 1100 First A venue East Prince Albert, Saskatchewan S6V 2A7 Further information on place of meeting, agenda, etc. will be forwarded to you at a later date. If you have any questions on the above, please do not hesitate to contact Ms. Roberts at 764-3411. 30 �• Ms. Elsie Roberts, Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations •Mrs.Carole Sanderson, Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations • Mr. Milt Burns, Prince Albert District Chiefs • Chief Roy Bird, Montreal Lake Band • Chief Hector Kkailther, Lac La Hache Band • Chief Daniel Robillard, Stoney Rapids Band • Mr. Leon Cook, Stoney Rapids Band • Mr. Abel Denechezhe, Lac La Hache Band • Ms. Marguerito Denechezhe, Lac La Hache Band • Mr. Martin Josie, Lac La Hache Band • Ms. Monique Dzeylion, Lac La Hache Band • Ms. Mary Ann Kkailther, Lac La Hache Band • Mr. Robert Phillips, Eldor Mines, E.R.L. • Mr. Dave Smith, Eldorado Resources • Mr. Don Somers, Saskatchewan Mining Development Corporation •Mr.Myles Morin, Government of Saskatchewan • Mr. W. Reese, Indian and Northem Affairs Canada - Regina •Mr.Craig Milne, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada - Regina • Mr. W. Smishek , Indian and Northem Affairs Canada - R:egina • Mr. Michael Radwanski, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada Regina •Mr.Rabbi Alam, Indian and Northern Affairs Canada - Regina • Mrs. Darlene Thompson, SINGO Developments Limited, Recording Secretary. which is enforceable by the courts. The ruling has been welcomed, and seen as supporting the Indian right of self-government. The duty described by the court is unique in Canadian law and is based upon the similarly unique character of aboriginal title to lands. Recognition of this duty by the court helped to further consultations between the Ministers and Chiefs, particularly in Treaty eight area of the northern Prairie Provinces. This brought agreement to start a process of' 'treaty renovation''. David Crombie coined this wording, because lawyers cannot constrict such a new term. To him, it means going through a joint process to define what the Federal Government and First Nations understand the treaties to mean. Not only the Musqueam decision has fostered this development. The new Canadian Constitution, with the series of conferences on aboriginal peoples' rights, has brought hope for eventual, adequate recognition . of aboriginal and treaty rights. This expectation has been reinforced by the Report of the Special Committee of the House of Commons on Indian Self-Government in Canada. Eighteen months ago this all-party Committee tabled an unprecedented series of recommendations supporting the rights of First Nations and advocating ways for the Canadian Government to fulfill them. It said the special relationship between the two must be renewed and enhanced through the recognition of the right of First Nations to self-government and by provision of the resources to make this goal realizable. The newly defined relation would include: • recognition of Indian First Nation governments, with powers and jurisdiction appropriate to a distinct order of government within the Canadian federation; • fiscal arrangements suited to selfgoverning entities; • a secure economic base, including land, water and resource rights, which, together with educational and community services appropriate to modern society would strengthen the culture and economy of First Nations; • equitable settlement of claims to restore capital trust accounts, resources and lands to the First Nations; and • legally enforceable agreements between the federal government and First Nations to implement the new arrangements. The treaty basis of these five components will be examined within the treaty renovation process. As a first step, the Minister has appointed Frank Oberle, a Member of Parliament, to explore ways in which problems or grievances in regard to Treaty eight can be remedied, unfulfilled portions of the treaty can be met, and the spirit and intent of the treaty utilized as the basis for an agreement on which progress can be made. The Federation joined last year with the Indian Association of Alberta and Treaty one in Manitoba in the creation of the Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance. This was set up by the Chiefs to make sure that Treaty Indian interests are properly represented Treaty Renovation Action by the Federal Government to implement the treaties has been based on their interpretation of what these agreements mean. Indian views on the treaties have not been taken into account. This covers important issues like Indian rights in wildlife, provision for band economic development and services, restoration and financing of Indian Self-Government, and the many other matters included in the treaties. There must be agreement between the Federal Government and the Bands on the meaning of the Treaties before there can be satisfactory constitutional, legialative and administrative implementation of their provisions. The process of treaty renovation is intended to achieve this. Six months ago, the Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, David Crombie, was in Saskatoon at a meeting of Chiefs from the three Prairie Prownces. He explained how he had found what the Chiefs have always known: the special relationships between the Federal Government and the First Nations lies in the Treaties - not in the Indian Act, in the constitutional process or in legislation. Treaties, he said, had not worked because an understanding of the fiduciary (trust-like) role of the Federal Government was lacking until very recently. The Supreme Court decision of November, 1984 in the Musqueam case recognizes and partly defines a fiduciary duty of the Crown to Indian 31 �in work on the constitution and legislation. Soon after the start of renovation disussions in Treaty eight, two Canada/ Alliance subcommittees were created to examine Federal/First Nations relationships as preparation for treaty renovation. These two bodies are to deal with: • proposals on fiscal relationships and alternative delivery systems; and • the scope and fulfillment of the Crown's fiduciary obligations, including treaty rights and the constitutional process, federal legislation and other matters. A third development is now underway. This is the start of treaty renova- tion throughout Saskatchewan. At the FSIN Chiefs Conference early in May a Policy Document was tabled, calling for: • the FSIN to provide direct support for the Chiefs engaged in the renovation of Treaty eight; • Chiefs in the various Saskatchewan treaty areas to establish linkages so that they can work together in establishing common positions andapproaches to province-wide treaty renovation; • terms of reference to be drawn up for the Sask.;t.tchewan treaty renovation process, and for these to be considered by the Chiefs for negotiation · with the Federal Government; and • a detailed work-plan and budget to be developed for this process, providing for the maximum participation of Chiefs, Councils and Bands. Band elders are to have a major role to play, because treaty interpretation is central to any renovation. The Federation is seeking to broaden the terms under which renovation is to proceed. Special emphasis is to be given the implementation of any agreements which may be reached, and their adequate enforcement. Devine's Message for Saskatchewan Indians generation. The kinds of values that built the past are going to be necessary for young people to do what is necessary today. And it applies not only to one particular ethnic origin or another. But those good solid, fundamental things that people, believe in, hold dear, have to be passed on to the children in the next generation if we are to make solid progress. So in any kind of anniversary, like centennial celebrations, we can go back and draw from the past what is good and solid and use that as encouragement to build the future. In other words, if the people that were making their mark were alive today, how would they be using technology and all the things we have that they didn't have to make the kinds of changes they'd like to see. If they could be brought up today, my grandparents or your grandparents, to look at what you can do today in terms of communication, travel and other things, wouldn't they be amazed. But wouldn't they be excited with what they could do, the people they could talk to and with being able to say one · thing on television and have millions of people watching, just like that! Amazing! So hang on to the things in the past that are good and take them into the future to make it even better.'' Grant Devine, Premier of Saskatchewan "The values of our mothers and fathers and grandfathers and their fathers, before them, those values and the kind of courage that they represent are going to be extremely important to this generation and the next 32 Interviewer:Especially today with the contradictory implications of the Indian Act and self-government of Indian people?' ' PremierDevine: "Exactly!" �REGIONAL Touchwood - File Hills QuJAppelle District The Executive Committee of the District Chiefs Council consists of a President, Vice-President, Secretary and Treasurer . ' The President, Verne Bellegarde, is charged with the general supervision of the affairs and business of the District Chiefs, and also serves as the District Chiefs first Representative to the Provincial Executive Council of the FSIN . He is also responsible for promoting the goals and objectives of the District Chiefs and performs other duties that may be prescribed by the District Chiefs. Vice-President, Eldon Bellegarde, performs duties as may from time to time be prescribed by the District Chiefs, which also includes performing the duties of the President in his absence or inability to act . He also serves as the second District Representative to the Provincial Executive Council of the FSIN. Treasurer, Roland Crowe, keeps full and accurate books of account in which receipts and disbursements are recorded of the District Chiefs and under their direction . He controls the deposit of funds by the District Chiefs and renders an account of all transactions at meetings or whenever required. He also performs other duties from time to time as prescribed by the District Chiefs. Secretary Lindsay Cyr, gives or causes to be giveQ, notices required to be given to the Bands, their delegates, the executive committees, 'Senators, Elder(s), Committee Boards, or Commissions of the District Chiefs and any other persons that may require notice. He attends · to the books established for that purpose and the minutes of all precedings of the District Chiefs. He is also the custodian of the Seal of the District Chiefs, and performs other duties as prescribed by the District Chiefs. As one of the seven District Chiefs Councils in the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, the Touch- Yorkton District wood/File Hills/Qu 'Appelle District supports 16 Bands, with approximately 10,000 in population . The following is a general overview of the structure of the T. F. H. Q. District Chiefs Council, and how their administration works. Under the Convention Act adopted recently, the 16 Chiefs and Councillors agreed for themselves and their Bands to join together under the name of the T. F. H. Q . District Chiefs Council of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations to make equal contribution towards Principles of Agreement. These are : • To promote and protect Indian selfdetermination and Indian Government Centres on and off reserves, through situations, Indian law, and by establishing District or Treaty area structures and supporting institutions. • To promote and protect the rights of the Indian people, including rights accrued or gained as a natural growth of which were entered into between the Indian Nations and the Crown of Great Britain, the heirs, and successors . These treaties are binding upon the Crown as represented by the governments of the United Kingdom, Canada, Saskatchewan, and upon the governments and people of the Indian Nations. Verne Bellegarde 33 It is a pleasure to welcome back The Saskatchewan Indian newsmagazine , which is very beneficial to all the bands in the province. Good luck in your endeavors ! Most of the bands in the Y orkton District have gone through their band elections in the past year. Congratulations to all of the Chiefs on their reelections: Sam Bunnie (Sakimay), Albert M usqua (Keeseekoose), Dennis O'Soup (Key), Morley Watson (Ochapowace), Louis Taypotat (Kahkewistahaw) and Brian Standingready (White Bear). The Yorkton District Chiefs Council has experienced many growing pains in the past year; however, with the increased optimism and brotherhood among the Chiefs and Senators, we are looking forward to a bright and prosperous future . The Y orkton District Chiefs meet every third Thursday of each month in the District Chiefs Office boardroom at 54 Smith St. " Yorkton, Sk. COTE There are many events taking place in the Y orkton District . If you are a bingo player, grab your dabber, jump in the car, and go to the Cote Band weekly bingo! Lots of prizes, good food, and good company. Bring lots of money! Contact Lawrence Cote at the Cote band office, Kamsack, at 542-2694 for more information. On May 30, 1985, Cote Band held a car bingo. No winner as of yet. July 14 and 15, Cote is hosting their annual sports day. there will be horse racing, men's and ladies fastball, and slow-pitch. Everyone welcome! Chief and Council of Cote Band have signed a new contract for their Arts & Crafts Handicrafts Store. Norman Stevenson, Cote band member, has a booth at Madge Lake for the summer. He will be selling arts and crafts. Good luck, Norman! Cote has recently acquired a pilot project in suicide prevention. There are three people employed full-time . Contact person is Paul Severight, Cote Band Office, 594-2694 . �The Cote Band grocery store is being expanded and renovated. They are also in the process of developing a viable project in the area of gravel. They have a Canada Works program which employs six people: two in recreation, two in domestic science, one in research, and one in clerical. Most of their work is aimed at providing activities for band youth. KEY Eric Keshane, Councillor for the Key Band, has co-ordinated a banquet, dance and roast on May 31 in Key Band. Proceeds of this event will go toward youth projects. Key Band was successful in obtaining a Works program which employed eight people at the band level. OCHAPOWACE The Ochapowace Sand & Gravel industry is progressing very favorably. They presently have two contracts in southern Saskatchewan. This industry employs 20 - 30 men. They were successful in obtaining funds from Native Economic Development Program in Winnipeg for the purpose of expanding their business. The ski resort plans to attract 25,000 skiers for the coming winter. They have a new band office and a new recreation area. Ochapowace is building a new arena - to be called the Ochapowace Community Centre. The Pontiacs hope to be playing in the new arena for the '85-86 hockey season. This season, they made it to the finals in the Qu 'Appelle Valley Hockey League. The Power Chiefs have reigned champions for several years. Their kindergarten and nursery school has been going for 20 years now. The Ochapowace Treaty Day was June 28, 1985. KAHKEWISTAHA W The Kahkewistahaw Band Council has had two new additions to add to their present councillors: Ron McKay and Stanley Bob. Construction of the new band office is underway. It should be open by the summer of 1985. Kahk Band has a new sports ground which consist of new powwow grounds, new horseracing track, and new ball diamonds. They are presently holding weekly bingos in the newly-built recreational complex. Kahk Band will be hosting a powwow in August. Kahk pasture is well on its way to having another successful business year. North Battleford District NORTH BATTLEFORD - ''This official opening of the Battlefords Indian Health Centre, June 28, 1985, is a very special day for all of us, for this opening represents the contributions of many very important individuals and their support for the first Indian controlled health centre in Canada,'' said the director of the centre. Earlier, rawhide cutting ceremonies were held at the centre. Indian elder, Annie Stone of Mosquito Indian Reserve, was assisted by Indian Chiefs, Leo Paul of Onion Lake and Andrew Okemow of Luckyman. The Battlefords Indian Health Centre has been in operation since its official start on July 26, 1969. It operated out of rented quarters until today's official opening of its permanent building. ''The commitment of the Chiefs of the North Battleford District and their leadership which is based on Indian government principles formed the basis of this Indian controlled health institution. They have insisted that the long range plans and the delivery of programs meet the needs of band members in the North Battleford district," said Alma King. "Our elders have taught us that health is a comprehensive area and the concept of 'health' is seen as a state of harmony with nature and includes the mind, the body and the spirit," added King. ''This opening recognizes the contributions of the medical services branch of the National Health and Welfare for it was its belief that Indian people, themselves, are in the best position to determine their needs 34 which lead to their financial support for this centre.'' ''Despite overcrowded conditions in the last three years, the staff has not lost sight of its goal in delivering meaningful health services for Indian people at the Band level. We have attempted, at all times, to make programs more accessible with involvement and long-range planning for the Indian community. The support of the Board of Directors and Indian elders during those difficult times has been greatly appreciated,'' said King. Concluding her address, ''We at . '\. the Indian Health Centre look forward to new and exciting challenges as we strive to deliver meaningful and necessary health programs to all band members in our service area,'' said King. Adding their support, Chief Andrew Okemow, chairman of the Board, said, ''We will continue to operate in this manner, it is our intention to continue to be a leading force in example for our Indian people in the fields of preventative programs.'' Citing the lack of trained alcoholic counsellors, " It is our position that there is lack of common standards courses, certification and certified agency for Indian alcoholic counsellors. It is our intention to apply this research in the development and negotiations of an Indian Alcoholic Counsellor Training Program. It wip be endorsed by Indian authorities, training institutions and certification agency,'' said Okemow. Chief Gopher, District Chiefs Representative, also said, "It is through the efforts of Indian government that we have one of Canada's mast advanced Indian health care systems in Canada. ' ' Addressing the gathering, Sol Sanderson said, " I would like to reflect why we are here today. The Battlefords' Indian Health Centre symbolizes the relations which are historical, relations we are committed to, ourselves, in this country and those that are entered by treaty, treaties that created the foundation of a political and economical relationship between the citizens of the First Nations and the other people in Canada." "There is evidence at La Loche, �Sandy Lake and here today that the spirit of the treaties are being honoured and the medicine chest clause that wee speak of in the treaties is being respected,'' said Sanderson. "We have to move forward in building Indian Government of First Nations by constructing the laws that will compliment our developments in the areas of economics, justice, education, health and social development.'' Concluding his address, "In the spirit of the treaties, it has been an honour to be here today to witness the opening of the health centre, to witness the two parties that have been working together to carry out the terms and conditions of the treaty,'' said Chief Sanderson. After arriving from completing two other Indian health centre openings, "We hear alot today about the need of more community based delivery of services of the Government of Canada and Prime Minister Brian Mulroney has very solemnly committed himself along with the Indian Affairs Minister of Northern Development, David Crombie,'' said Jake Epp, Minister of National Health and Welfare. "In regard to Indian health care, it is the recognition that Canada's Indian people still experience significantly higher disease and death rates than other members of our society. It means for all of us that programs such as that of the Battlefords Indian Health Centre are both an opportunity and a major challenge to find ways to deliver programs to Indian clients and programs which will address the problem," said Epp. In conclusion, '' I want to commend you for what you have done, the Battlefords Indian H~alth Centre, for I believe is a model, is probably the first of its kind in Canada, for taking control of its community health services on a co-operational arrangement with the federal government. This I believe will be an inspiration for other groups who will be visiting you," said Epp. Special presentations of artwork were made to the health centre and to its director. An emotional reunion of adopted sisters took place as Alice Klassen of Round Lake Indian Band in British Columbia presented Alma King with a personalized work of Indian Art. Hll!JAI~ rn ID __ ., __ _ -------------- ~ 4-H RAYNER CENTRE, LAKEDIEFENBAKER, SASK. AUG. 20-24, 1985 MEET NEW PEOPLE AND MAKE NEW FRIENDS GET INVOLVED IN NEW LEARNING, SOCIAL AND RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES LEARN MORE ABOUT YOUR LEADERSHIP ABILITY AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND LEARN SOMETHING ABOUT 4-H AND HOW7,-·-__ _... CAN WORK IN YOUR COMMUNITY THE CAMP IS OPEN TO 13 - 15 YR. YOUNG PEOPLE FROM SASKATCHEWAN RESERVES ARCHERY, FIREARM SAFETY, PHOTOGRAPHY, CONSUMER AND CONSERVATION STUDY, CANOEING, SPORTS, CRAFTS, CULTURAL ACTIVITIES, AND MANY OTHER ACTIVITIES. APPLICATION FORMS MAY BE PICKED UP AT YOUR: BAND OFFICE, SCHOOL, S.I.A.P. OFFICE, F.S.I. OFFICE, INDIAN AFFAIRS, OR: INDIAN 4-H PROGRAM, EXTENSION DIVISION, U. OF S., SASKATOON PHONE: 988-6672 The Indian 4-H Programle apon•oredby the 35 luk ■tchw Indian Agrlcuttunll Program,Ina. �EDUCATION Department of Indian Social Work by Deanna Wuttunee Seventeen students celebrated their graduation from the Department of Indian Social Work at the Bessborough Hotel in Saskatoon on May 17. Eight walked away with a Bachelor of Indian Social Work degree and nine received their certificates. Part of the celebration was a scavenger hunt held in the graduation tradition as an initiation exercise for job hunting. One astonished guest ( a requirement) was stalked through the lobby, up the elevator and into his room where he was finally convinced he was talking to a sane woman. But by the time he was spirited back to the starting point, the other team had already won! Rod Baldhead was the captain of the winning team. On a more serious note, the Department and students would like to thank Emma Sand from the Mistawasis Reserve for a truly inspiring message which served to motivate and challenge them . Since the cultural camp that was held at Mistawasis last year, Mrs. Sand has cultivated an ongoing relationship with the students as an advisor and supporter. The Department of Indian Social Work is the only Indian-controlled educational institution in the world and operates under the umbrella of the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College. It is a fully accredited member of the Association of U niversities and Colleges in Canada which has rigid membership requirements . Del Anaquod, President, Saskatchewan Indian Federated, and Marion Standingready. Donna Kingfisher The Board of Directors comprised of Chiefs and other members make policy in curriculum development for the department and, demand the infusion of a native perspective in the program of history, cultural beliefs and values. ''The culture of the students is an added dimension and motivates community spirit,'' said Guidance Counsellor Donna Phillips. She added that to date there are 144 graduates from the program since its establishment in 1974 . The trend for graduates has been to move to leadership positions in the F. S. I. N. or on the reserves in response to the movement towards Indian government and its implications for more control in education, child welfare and family services. On a province-wide spectrum, congratulations to the following graduates from post-secondary institutions: Ph.D. in Philosophy • Oliver Brass, Peepeekisis Law • Donald Worme, Poormans Arts • Dianne Knight • Miriam McNabb, (Honours Arts), Gordon's • Charlie Eric Pratt, Gordon's • Alma Poitras, Muscowpetung Education Post Grad Diploma in Education Sandra Atimoyoo 36 �• Joan Greyeyes, Muskeg Lake B. Ed. • Shelley Agecoutay, Cowessess • Beverley Ahenakew, Sandy Lake • Doreen Baptiste • Rose Bellegarde, Little Black Bear • Charlene Boucher, Big C • Faith Lavina Bob, Cowessess • Mabel Burns, James Smith • Sandra Carter, Onion Lake • Camill€ Favel, Poundmaker • Lester Favel, Poundmaker • Dianne Fiddler, W aterhen • Ida Iron, Canoe Lake • Maureen Johns • George Lafond, Muskeg Lake • Sandra Lafond, Muskeg Lake • Angus McDonald, Onion Lake • Christine Metchap • Bernadette Opwam, Sweetgrass • James Peigan Jr., Muscowpetung • Joanne Pratt, Gordon's • Arthur James Turner, James Smith • Martha Wolfe Administration • Perry James Bellegarde, Little Black Bear Bachelor of Indian Social Work • Bertha Acoose, Sandra Atimoyoo, Irma Bird, Rosella Goodwill, Donna Greyeyes, Donna Kingfisher, Marion Standingready, Marilyn Wolfe Certificates • Barbara Badger, William Roderick Baldhead, Eileen Cuthand, Mary Longman Kelsey Institute of Applied Arts & Sciences • Holly Graham (Diploma Nursing) • Laura Deiter (Certificate - Early Childhood Development) Indian Teacher Education Program Spring and Fall Convocation for the University of Saskatchewan was held at the Centennial Auditorium. The Indian Teacher Education Program (ITEP) Program had 38 students convocate with their Bachelor of Education Degrees. This is the largest number of Indian teachers to convocate from the program in the last thirteen years. To date there are more than one hundred and ninety graduates from the program and most are working in the field of education. The number of students entering the program is growing every year. Present enrollment is near the two hundred mark, and it is expected that this number will grow by the fall term. Students are from all parts of W estem Canada and the Northwest Territories. ITEP was designed specifically to provide Indian people with a program that would meet the needs of a changing educational scene. Students are given an opportunity to specialize in Native Studies, Indian and Northern 37 Education, Curriculum Development, Teaching English as a Second Language, Administration, Cross Cultural Education, and many more options. The need for Indian children to be taught by people who understand them , has long been recognized. Teachers of Indian ancestry can help make school learning more meaningful. Graduates from programs such as ITEP will be an asset to any school system. �Sturgeon Lake Central School stated he found great hope in the success of the new Indian generation. He talked about love and respect urging the students to appreciate the experiences their parents had gone through to raise their children. Sturgeon Lake Chief Wesley Daniels encouraged the students to continue their success. On behalf of the band he presented them with special jackets and trophies. Despite the wealth of distinguished speakers, the s~e standing ovation of the evening was reserved for class valedictorian Audry Kingfisher. She spoke on the role and responsibilities of Indian leadership. She thanked the parents and gave a very positive view of the new Indian future. The commencement exercises were very much a community event. Elders Georg Ermine and Susan Daniels presented students eagle feathers and their graduation certificates. Margaret Ermine spoke on behalf of the parents encouraging them to '' go as far as you can and let nothing hold you back' ' . Elder Jean Marie Felix conducted opening prayers. The program was structured to involve the reserve community and it showed. The graduates are: Georgine Badger, Dale Ballantyne, Noah Ballantyne, Corrine Bird, Delphine Bird, Kelly Ermine, Howard Halkett, Audry Kingfisher, Joycelyn Longjohn, Bob Mirasty, Bernard Moosehunter, Dianne Masuskapoe, Arnold Sanderson and Marlene Turner. A traditional honor song, once sung to honor returning Chiefs, was sung in Sturgeon Lake Reserve on May 31 to honor the going out of a new generation of Indian leaders. The occasion was the grade 12 graduation of 14 students from the Sturgeon Lake Central School. Commencement exercises drew a full and highly appreciative audience despite inclement weather. Chief and council, parents, elders, teachers and FSIN leadership were all lavish in their praise of the graduates. A principle theme raised by different speakers was how far Indian education has come in so short a time. Chief Sol Sanderson of the FSIN remembered a time when Sturgeon Lake had a very small and inadequate Chief Wesley Daniels ValedictorianAudry Kingfisher school and how the band members lobbied long and hard for their new school. He and other speakers spoke of how Indian control has transformed schools from institutions of limited success to inspired institutions of high success. The Sturgeon Lake school is controlled by an Indian school board whose members have been known to meet five times a week. FSIN Senator Gilbert Bird talked about the strength of the Indian family and how important the students role was both to their families and to the reserve itself. He 38 MargaretErmine, speakingon behalfof parents during graduation ceremonies �Qu' Appelle Indian Residential School ., 7[ '*J.r • 1 ,. Evan Redman His friends call him Christopher Columbus. He hails from Standing Buffalo Reserve. He is the son of Adeline Redman. Evan is a very cooperative, neat and hardworking student. He drives his car to the school and seems to be gi,ving driving lessons to some while going home in his car. He started schooling at Q.I.R.S. in 1977 and joins the rank of his brother who also graduated from Q.I.R.S. He has decided to enrol in the Fine Arts College at the University of Regina. We wish him every success in his future career. t Bottom left to right: Jeri-Lynn McArthur, Holly Kaiswatum, Priscilla Pelly, Marcella Yuzicapi, and Fonda Shepard. Middle row, left to right: Ann-Margaret Kitchemonia, Rhoda Spencer, Sonia Starr, Renita Starr. Top row, left to right: Leroy Obey, James Oka, Kimball lronstar, Evan Redman. Kimball Ironstar friends call her "Boat". Rhoda is a Kimball's real name is Walter, but cheerful person who is greatly aphe prefers Kimball. He comes from the Carry the Kettle Indian Band. He preciated on Monday mornings. calls it "God's Country". Kimball "Boat", your laughter and cheerfulness will be truly missed by all. has been contracted to play volleyball Rhoda is undecided about her future. with the University of Lethbridge. Kimball is the son of Altha Saulteaux. He is the second in his family to Marcella Yuzicapi graduate from Q.I.R.S. Kimball has Her friends call her ''Sam'' attended Q. I. R. S. for eight years. because she likes to eat a lot of ham. She hails from the Standing Buffalo Reserve. She is the daughter of Holly Kaiswatum Her friends call her Holly Weiner. Evelyn and Hartland Goodtrack. She comes from the Piapot Indian Sometimes she misses classes in order Band. Holly is the daughter of to have a walk in Fort Qu' Appelle. Adeline and Ernest Kaiswatum. Her Her ambition is to become an Accountant at Q.I.R.S. Good luck cheerful attitude and distinct laughter is appreciated by all. Holly plans to Marcella! attend the University of Regina and pursue her future ~tudies at the ColAnn-Margaret Ketchemonia lege of Social Work. Her friends call her Dreamboat Annie. She joins the rank of her two Renita Starr sisters who graduated from our school Renita comes from the Starblanket in the last three years. Her father was Reserve. She is the daughter of also a graduate of Q.I.R.S. in 1958. Muriel and Gilbert Starr. Her friends She is the daughter of Stella and call her "Fish". Renita plans to purLeonard Ketchemonia. She really helps when you are in trouble. She is sue a career in the Business Managea public spirited person. When you ment field. Renita has attended hear some noise and laughter in the Q.I.R.S. for eight years. classroom, you know where it comes from. Her ambition is to attend the Rhoda Spencer College of Arts and Sciences at the Rhoda comes from Carry the KetUniversity of Regina. Good luck tle Reserve. She is the <laugher of VicAnnie! toria and Henry Spencer. Rhoda's 39 Fonda Shepherd Her friends call her '' Shortie''. She has attended school for the last five years. She is the daughter of Alex and Nora Paul. She is known as fragile because of her height. She is a hardworking and friendly student. She hates being bugged about her height. Her ambition is to reach the top of the CN Tower. Good luck Fonda! Jeri-Lyn McArthur Her friends call her ''Slam''. She hails from the White Bear Reserve. She is the daughter of Judy and MacNeil McArthur. She has attended Q.I.R.S. since 1981. She is really a nice person. She always tries to find something to laugh at even though it means laughing at her best friend. Her favorite classes are chemistry and biology, but sometimes she misses these classes. Her favorite pastime is watching T.V. sports. Her goal is to become Edmonton Oiler's stick-girl or watergirl. James Oka His friends call him Muhammed Ali of Lebret. He is the son of Mary Louise Oka. He hails from the Blood Reserve of Alberta. He is really a friendly and quiet person. He is very active in boxing and jogging. He ''floats like a butterfly and stings like a bee'. He is a real believer of his cultural background and religion. His ambition is to become a lawyer. We wish him every success in his future endeavours. �Priscilla Pelly Priscilla comes from the Cote Indian Band. She is the daughter of Linda Pelly and Stuart Severight. Priscilla is a very hard working student, and is active in all sports. Her ambition is to obtain a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Saskatchewan and possibly enter the field of education pursuing a degree in Mathematics . Priscilla has attended Q.I.R.S. for five years. Leroy Obey Leroy is a friendly, athletic and quiet student. He is the son of Margaret Obey. Leroy comes from the Pasqua Reserve. Even though Leroy has been a student ofQ.I.R.S. for only one year, he has made his presence felt in both the academic and athletic field. Leroy is undecided about his future. Sonia Starr Sonia comes from the Starblanket Reserve. She is the daughter of Chief Irvin and Margaret Starr . Sonia's quiet but persistent nature indicates that she sees her role as a student a serious and cheerful task. Sonia plans to attend the University of Regina and pursue a career in Social Work. Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College SaskatchewanIndian Cultural CollegL SaskatchewanIndian LanguagesInstitute LINGUIST CURRICULUM ELDER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FINANCE CULTURAL DISTRICT CENTRE LIAISON LIBRARY Objectives of the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College The Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College is a participant in the Cultural/Educational Centres program. This program is based on the concept of Indian identity within Canadian society. It provides financial and other supportive assistance to enable Indian people to establish and operate Cultural/Educational Centres programs. The goals and objectives of the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College are as follows: • to revive and develop traditional and contemporary cultural skills of Indian people; • to conduct and facilitate research in 40 Indian heritage and culture; • to increase Indian people's knowledge and use of their traditional languages; • to develop Indian linguistic learning resources; • to develop and test culturallyoriented educational curricula, methods and mat~rial for use by �·~ established and other programs; • to promote cross cultural awareness in mainstream educational programs and institutions; • to develop and increase access to new and more accurate information about Indian heritage; • to improve the opportunities for the public to become knowledgeable about and sensitive to the historical and current role of Indian people in Canada . ' Chuck Thomas, President Sask. Indian Cultural College Philosophy and Purpose The philosophy and purpose of the College is based on the following principles: The S.I.C.C. is the servant of all Saskatchewan Indians in the area of educational and cultural enhancement. The Indian people formulate its policies and programs, and they themselves yield executive authority over the institution.. The fundamental aim of the College is to develop in the Indian people a positive selfimage. The S .I.C.C. considers it important to bring an understanding and appreciation of Indian culture in the larger Canadian society. The Cultural College was the first Indian controlled educational institution at the provincial level. Understandably the thrust of its energies were evolved in the concept and realization of Indian controlled education. It's mandate was to strengthen and support the overall Indian education process. Program Highlights Culture Centre The hub of the College, the Cultural Centre will be acquiring a new staff member. Mr. Angus Esperance will become the Supervisor of the Elder's Centre . The Elders are still involved in the Eldership Movement . They as well will continue to play a significant role in the development of the education and retention of our cultural identity. They continue to lecture and counsel to students, inmates at various ins ti tu tions. Mr . Smith Atimoyoo, the Head Elder will be attached to the Language Institute. He will counsel and guide the development of the new institute. Mr. Atimoyoo is well known for his expertise in Cree syllabics and grammar . He as well is not leaving us totally but providing a specialized service in research and consultation in languages . Curriculum & Research Program The Curriculum and Research Program is also undergoing a major evaluation and directional change. The role of the Curriculum in providing guides and reference material of Indian content for school programs must now focus its energies to assisting Bands and being involved in joint projects in curriculum development. The S.I.C.C. calender will also be changing in format. The Curriculum and Research program is currently researching and compliling a Division III History textbook reflecting realSaskatchewan Indian history . This book is to be dedicated to all the Youth of Saskatchewan, our project for the International Year of the Youth. Gail Bear, Program Director has been coordinating a display to commemorate the Indian involvement in the 1885 resistance. This display is being set up at the John Diefenbaker Center, Saskatoon Campus. Technical Unit The Technical Unit comprising of audio/visual and graphic services will continue to facilitate in-hour requirements and joint productions with Bands. The unit have completed a variety of information video productions and kits on the develoment of ln41 dian self-government. A project to be undertaken by the Technical Unit is to participate in the Poundmaker Commemoration of the Cutknife Hill Battle 1885 on May 2, 1985. The Elders of the Cultural Centre are organizing commemoration ceremonies and activities to coincide with the 1985 Centennary Celebrations. Library The Library Department will reorganize its goals and plan activities in the promotion and development of a comprehensive library system to serve our communities. Many bands have started to develop these facilities and as the first Indian Library/Resource Center we are often consulted to provide information and assistance. Another major project is the possible establishment of a Central Archival Centre for use by all the Indian bands of Saskatchewan. Since the inception of the S .I.C.C. and F.S.I.N. we have numerous documents that are very significant in the development of Indian Nations in Saskatchewan . Many of these documents are about Treaty Rights , Taxation , Hunting, Fishing, Trapping, Education, Lands, Veterans and Elders interviews. Much documented information exists in our communities . This information should be assessed for its value and catelogued accordingly. This task will entail pursuing a foundation grant to facilitate the organization of an Archival Centre . We see this as step one in the establishment of an Indian Museum. The Library will also be producing a bi-monthly story-telling hour. Every library has a story-telling hour or corner, usually featuring characters as Winnie the Pooh and Donald Duck. Our story telling characters will be reflective of our culture and legends and oral traditions. This will be a combined effort with the Technical Unit. The technicians will film and edit these bi-monthly productions and distribute them to Band schools and to public school systems. These are some of the directions and highlights of major projects happening at the S.I .C.C. We are pleas- �ed to report some other events that are happening. First Annual S.I.C.C. Bowling Tournament This event took place on March 29, 1985 at Lawson Heights Bowling Lanes. Several F. S. I. N. offices, the Community College and INAC staff took up the challenge from the S.I.C.C. Much fun was had by all verified by the muscular aches and pams. The Grand Aggregate winners were: Jeff Ahenakew, Louise Benoit, Monte Carriere, and Dutch Lerat. Congratulations! Tentative date for the 1986 bowling tournament will be on Valentine's Day, February 14. Possible Relocation The Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College is in preparation for an anticipated move at the end of June. The location is not completely negotiated as of yet. We will send further notice when and before this relocation occurs. Summer Student Employment The Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College will be undertaking two student employment projects for U niversity students this summer. The one project is the completion of a Division III Historical Textbook on Saskatchewan Indian history from our perspective. We will be hiring researchers and interviewers. · The other proposal is the development of forty-six Cree basal readers. We would like to hire fluent Cree speakers. Interested students are invited to submit applications at 917-22nd Street West (phone 244- 1146). National Cultural Centres Conference The S.I.C.C. is pleased to announce that we will be hosting the National Cultures Centres Conference in October in Saskatoon. This will include participants from all Cultural Education Centres in Canada. This will provide an opportunity to show some good Saskatchewan hospitality! The work to be carried out by Saskatchewan Indian Languages S. I. L. I. both at Sakatoon and the Institute Districts, can be expected to lay the A reorganized structure has been foundation for a serious effort at designed to accomodate the new language retention and revitalization. directional plan. This new structure One of the immediate goals of the includes the Saskatchewan Indian S.I.L.I. will be the training of the Languages Institute. As of April 1, language teachers who are already in 1985 the Saskatchewan Indian the classroom by district workshops, Languages Program has been off-campus university courses, and amalgamated under the S. I. C. C. The Languages Program is being · summer classes. The long range goals is to have revamped to become the Language language specialists; as language Institute. One objective that the Colteachers, okiskinahamakewak, language lege is priorizing is cultural/language curators, okanaweyil,amwak, and interretention, and the development of pretors and translators, onihtawewak. linguistic learning material. We would also like to see a provinMs. Freda Ahenakew, a well cial standardization of Roman Orknown Cree linguist from the Muskeg thography writing system. Lake Band will be heading the Sask. We will be designing a Masters Indian Language Institute. Ms. program for the people who already Ahenakew has spent many years in have a degree and who desire to Cree linguistics and holds a Master specialize in Indian Languages. We of Arts degree in Anthropology, Apdream of the day when we will offer plied Linguistics in Cree Grammer. a doctorate program. She as well worked many years with For a change the research done by the late Mrs. Ida McLeod, who would our language specialists will be by Inhave been happy to see the realization dian people for Indian people and this of her dream in an Indian Language would include lexical research, curInstitute. riculum research and development, If we are to retain and revitalize the compiling Indian literature. use of our Indian Languages, the very Although the S.I.L.I. awould be core of our identity and our culture, located in Saskatoon, the programs we need the will and the determinawould be designed to reach out to the tion of the Indian people to make it Districts, using the Satellite Colleges possible. A definite start was made in System. Courses will be taught at the this direction when the Legislative district location while other teachers Assembly clearly expressed the will to and students from districts would make language retention a priority come to Saskatoon. and mandated the S.I.C.C. with the The efforts to be undertaken by responsibility of developing a SaskatS. I. L. I. will benefit all Indian chewan Indian Languages Institute. language groups in the province. The The main objectives of the S. I. L. I. results of the work of S. I. L. I. will be is to preserve the wisdom of the Elders available to anyone who is interested; by recording the traditional literature fluent speakers who want to learn and making it available in the form reading and writing in their own of printed books. This wisdom will language; bilinguals who want to also serve as a basis for all language strengthen their fluency or acquire the teaching. We will teach the Indian additional ability to read and write; languages at all levels; for those who and those who want to learn an Inalready speak the language, the emdian language. phasis will be on reading and writing. In order to achieve these goals we need properly trained people to do the actual language teaching and recording of the literature. 42 �Students Complete N.B.A.P . .. . .. . \ ' • .. by Archie King NORTH BATTLEFORD -The first native graduates of the two-year Native Business Administration Program will soon be completing their studies at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon. Realizing the need of financial people at the band level, the North Battleford District Chiefs requested the course be added to the University of Saskatchewan's Native Studies Program. A total of 23 native students were admitted to the program who met the regular admission standards for entry into the College of Commerce. The program is being funded by the federal Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. During the two years, about twothirds of the program was conducted in North Battleford between September and April of each year. The rest was offered on campus in Saskatoon during intersession and summer school. Dr. Asist Sarkar, Head of the Department and Marketing in the University's College of Commerce, developed the program and directed it. Dr . Sarkar said it was designed specifically to facilitate the entry of native students into business. The program consists of 21 halfcourses for university credit as well as two non-credit courses in communication and business orientation. Students who successfully complete the program will receive a certificate. According to Dr. Sarkar, '' They will have basic skills in accounting, marketing, economics, mathematics and will be qualified to seek employment in a business setting. If they wish to take further undergraduate education, they may count the program towards a four-year Bachelor of Commerce degree or a three-year Bachelor of Arts degree,'' he said. Also, Helen Tootoosis, program co-ordinator said the two years the successful students spent will be rewarding and she will be looking forward to working with the next intake of native NBAP students. Cultural Week at St. MaryJs School by Deanna Wuttunee St. Mary's School in Saskatoon wound up their cultural week Wednesday,June 12, with supper and an educational display of historical dances of Indian and Metis culture as part of the school's whole language program. The main attraction was Dennis "Deamer" Morrisonjr., 6, originally from Ocha pow ace Reserve. A protege of Bill Brittain, Deamer has travell- ed with the 'In Dea' theatrical group. He has worked his way up to 10 hoops with the ultimate goal of 24 hoops. He has been dancing since he was two years old. In a bid to contribute to the centennial year, Deamer has been displaying his talents at schools throughout Saskatoon. His father, Denny Morrison Sr. ( an artist) narrated the historical and spiritual meaning of the 43 hoop dance. The group also included volunteers from the urban native community who demonstrated traditional and fancy dances of the ladies' and men's categories. Costumes and dances also emphasized special features. In true 'In Deo' style, the evening culminated with a round dance where everyone joins hands in the Circle of Life and in brotherhood. The Gabriel Dancers also performed the old time dances of the Metis culture. There are approximately 24 boys and girls divided into two groups who have performed at most elementary schools and other public events in the city throughout this year. The volunteers range from 8-14 years and have devoted much of their spare time away from school to learning and practising new dances. However, the group views this work as fun. They hope to travel to Expo '86 next year in Vancouver and will be performing at Batoche and the Pioneer Days Exhibition in the month of July. They are under the tutorship of Ron Cam pone and Jackie Lamarande. �Business Administration Graduates Honored ing Education pointed out the uniqueness of the course. He stated, ''The Prince Albert Business Administration Program is the only example in Saskatchewan of a two year (community college) course. Everything else is one year or less. . .The impossible is possible. Your accomplishment is not an end but a historical new beginning. Well done.'' Dr. A. J. Nichol, Principal of the Saskatchewan Training Institute in Moose Jaw was eqbally supportive of the program and graduates. "This is a tremendous moment,'' he said. ''The Saskatchewan Training Institute is so happy to be associated with this graduating class.'' Dr. Nichol was among the key supporters Anotherfirst in an era offirsts, on May 31 thefirst graduatingclass of the Saskatchewan in the development of the program. Indian Community College(SIGG) Business Administration Program held graduation Chief Sol Sanderson of the FSIN ceremoniesin Prince Albert. The graduatesform an importantpart of the overallFSIN was particularly pleased. "This is a move to rebuildingIndian Government. The increasingarray of Indian Governmentpro- very special graduation,'' he said, grams has createda high demandfor skilled administratorsand managers. The coursewas ''Your role is the key in the rebuilding createdto meet theseneedsboth now and in thefuture. The coursewas thefirst of its kind oflndian Government ... rebuilding for Saskatchewanand drew unanimouspraisefrom Governmentsand educatorsalike. Above: is not easy. Indian administration is Chief Sol Sandersonpresentsgraduateswith a gift on behalf of the Federationof Saskat- weak now and we call upon you to chewan Indian Nations. From left to right: E. Dutch Lerat, SIGG Vice-Presidentof the join with us (the FSIN). We need you SaskatchewanIndian Training Institute; Chief Sol Sanderson,Federationof Saskatchewan in reshaping the rebuilding of our InIndian Nations and Sandra Naytowhow, a graduatefrom the Sturgeon Lake Reserve. dian Government.'' Chief Sanderson then gave an analysis of the reasons It was a satisfying occasion imporSo pressing is this need that many of behind the return to Indian Governtant to all parties. For the Saskatthe graduates had been approached ment. chewan Indian Community College for employment prior to their course The Business Administration Pro(SICC) and the Saskatchewan completion. gram is a course offered by the SaskatTechnical Institute (STI) it was the Dignitaries representing a diversichewan Indian Training Institute successful completion of a precedent ty of government and educational in(SITI), a satellite college of the Saskatsetting course. For Indian Governterests were unanimous in their chewan Indian Community College. ment it was a positive step forward in praise. SITI was created under sanction from program delivery and for the Gordon Currie, Provincial the Prince Albert District Chiefs who graduates a time of expanded opporMinister of Manpower and Continucompose its board. tunity. Everybody won. On May 31, the first graduating class of the Saskatchewan Indian Community College (SICC) Business Administration Program held convocation ceremonies in Prince Albert. Six remarkable students had shown that a condensed and difficult course - the first of its kind - could be mastered and mastered well. The course was designed to meet outstanding Indian needs. The growing Indian Government presence has resulted in a need for skilled business administrators to support a multiplying and increasingly sophisticated arBusiness Administration Program Graduates ray of Indian Government services. 44 �Youth Training Option Program -,I c~ ~ On March 18, 1985, twenty-five Indian students from various Band reerves in Saskatchewan were put through a pilot project that combined both the efforts of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (F.S.I.N.) and the Canadian Employment and Immigration Center (C.E.I.C.). This was to provide new and better employment opportunities for the students in the future. It was structured to provide pre-employment training and on-the-job experience. . The students started the training project learning about Indian Government and Canada's traditional and contemporary Indian Politics, and where we'll take a leading role in Modern Canadian Politics. The main objective of this three-and-one-half week orientation was to show the students where we stand today in Canada's Modern Society. Along with Indian Government they were also taught life skills, and Indian Culture. The guest speakers, Eric Tootoosis and Danny Musqua, were greatly appreciated by the students. Individually, they related to Indian Government through some of their experiences as they were growing up and told how those experiences related to the course. Many of the students were filled with questions to ask the speakers, but through it all had a very good idea of how Indian Government is run through the system,. The next big step the students took was to learn how to operate the computers. Frank Kawula, chartered accountant and PC Computer School manager, along with Al Crain, the coordinating supervisor, took the students on a tour and introduction of the Computer school. A presentation followed, geared at coming to an understanding with each student and getting a solid commitment as to ensure a successful completion of the training program. Students were set to work immediately. The first week mainly dealt with introduction to the computers. Such assignments as: - Introduction - Exploring - CSR (Basic Math, Reading and Writing) - Data Entry - Friendlyware The second week was more heavily oriented to the work loads . The students had successfully passed the introduction of the computers and then the work load increased. Topics such as: - Data Entry - Typing Tests - Word Processing - CSR A very motivating experience for the students occurred. Students were asked to instruct and show Special Education Teachers of the Prince Albert District the CSR Program. There were about thirty teachers who attended the workshop. Again the students proved themselves worthy. Students were also set to work on a writing project, involving wild animals, fish and birds of Northern Saskatchewan. Out of 25 students, 17 had written their first typing test, all successfully passing the exams. Here are a couple of students comments from their weekly reports: '' I am now learning how to work up to my objectives I make every day and every week. In conclusion I would like to say that I am not having any problems and I would like to thank the instructors for being so generous with all the students in class." Robin Macleod, Stanley Mission Here is another comment by Valerie Sanderson from the James Smith Reserve: ''My opinion on this course is that it is a very excellent course to be taking. I find it a fun course. I learned a lot about the computer during the time I had spent with them. I didn't find it boring one least bit. People say computers are hard to learn because of the big words they use, but I don't think it is hard at all if you know what you're doing. Besides computers are what we need to know nowadays to get ahead in this world. I have en45 joyed taking these programs.'' Presently, the students are placed in such businesses in Saskatchewan as: Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College 917-22nd St. W.,Saskatoon. FSIN Central Accounting 310-20th St. E. ,Saskatoon. SINCO Developments Ltd. 120-33rd St. W. ,Saskatoon. Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations 1100-lst Ave. E .,Prince Albert. Saskatchewan Indian Youth Council 1100-lst Ave. E. ,Prince Albert. Northern Spruce Housing Corporation 107-1114 Central Ave., P.A. Fort Qu' Appelle District Chiefs Fort Qu' Appelle. Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations 107 Hodsman Road, Regina. Y orkton District Chiefs 54 Smith Street, Yorkton. Meadow Lake District Chiefs Meadow Lake Each business is a Native owned business. Students were placed in their desired location. Al Crain comments ''This Youth Training Option Program has made a definite impact on all who attended. The overall change in the candidates personal attitudes and morals in the program has surpassed all my expectations. The successful completion of this pilot project will lead to more YTO Programs in the near future. This program has been a definite learning process for me also." Presently, the students are completing the outcome of this project. If this project is successfully completed of this project is done, the students will be having a Graduation Ceremony in November, 1985 . Which is something our Indian People will benefit from. In closing, I would like to say Good Luck to each student! �I ELDERS BOX The Elders Movement In the past century, our Eldership system has all but disappeared for a great number of reasons. Our system was the Core of our traditional education system. Everyone learned and studied to be an Elder. The Elder was the teacher. In learning to be an Elder he had to understand what responsibility meant, what stability and discipline did to advance learning capabilities. His capabilities were measured by his initiative and action to motivate his family to adhere strictly to the Camp rules or to the Clan to which he belongs. Therefore, he must not bring shame and dishonor to his household, his parents, to his sister, to her brother and to the rest of the family, the clan and to the whole camp and nation. He must therefore learn to reinforce and accept spiritual gifts by accepting challenges such as going on vision quests, fasting, various ways of testing his bravery. His term was a life time. His goal was survival for the whole nation. Some of the reasons for the fast disappearnce of the traditional education system were: • The changes in the structure of system he was forced to follow. • The dominance of the instructor's religions that did not observe the traditional ways. • The overpowering aggressiveness that prevented the Elders from exercising their influence to the whole nations. • The youth began to feel they had more knowledge than their Elders because they were able to use another tongue. • The growing dominance of a foreign language - so that the gift of their language was also in jeopardy. • Communication Indian instructors REVIVAL OF THE MOVEMENT ELDERS Cultural awareness to be initiated in schools, band councils, F. S. I. N. , band administrations, programs such as I.S.W.E.P., I.T.E.P., Community College, Federated College and youth organizations. Pipe Holders or Resident Elders to be the supporting staff to the above. SUGGESTED AGENDA TOPICS • What is the Elders Movement? Why necessary? • The Role of the Elders - Past and Present. • Council of Elders - Appointments - Seven Districts or Societies, e.g. • Problems of yesterday and today. • Where to go from here. • Definition of the various traditional ways of teaching. • Teepee. '\ • Living four days with Grandma Vision quest with Grandfathers in the hills. The Tipi Concept POLES REPRESENT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Obedience Respect Humility Happiness Love Faith Kinship Cleanliness Thankfulness Share Strength Good child rearing Hope Ultimate Protection Controls flaps from wind 14 pins to keep { intact as a family Hide Warmth , Protection between the nonwas nil. • A great number of the traditional educators gave up even though they still believed that someday their spirituality would survive. 46 �ARTS - PROFILES Indian Artist: Eddy Poitras by Deanna Wuttunee ~ Very recently I had the opportunity to interview and visit with an acquaintance of mine from several years back. It was an informative and pleasurable way of gaining an insight into the creativity of one of the younger more established Indian artists of Regina, Mr. Edward Poitras. Amazing as it may sound, Edward might never have decided on art as a career if it had not been for the chance occurence of being at the right place at the right time. In his particular situation, he was trying to decide on what vocation to enter when he saw a poster in this office advertising a new Indian art program. And so, in the winter of 1974, he became one of the first of about 15 students to enroll in the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College's Indian Art Program. The program operated out of Saskatoon and it was through the guidance and knowledge of Sarain Stump that Edward Poitras viewed the Indian art world of the North and South American indigenous peoples. Of the program Edward says, ''The education we received there was tied together. We went on a field trip down to South America and it was a really good experience because we went to a lot of museums. We saw a lot of different country, a lot of different cultures - like the southwest area. During this time we were being taught about all the diffe~ent cultural areas in North America and on that trip we were exposed to the environment and the people. We went to the Institute of American Indian Art in Sante Fe, New Mexico, and that was really inspiring to see what the students and teachers were doing. Santa Fe has a long history of contemporary Indian art and its development, and the city itself is sort of a major art center in North America after New York.'' Within nine months Edward had completed the program and received his certificate in Indian Art. Although the program was designed to teach the students instruction skills, it wasn't until he was taking classes at the Manitou College in Quebec that Edward started instructing on a parttime basis, and eventually, became a fulltime instructor at three different colleges. When interviewing Edward and talking with him about his work, I became aware of the humility that Edward has about his career. Edward has had 13 art shows within a 10-year period from 197 5 to 1985. His art has been displayed not only in Saskatchewan but also in Quebec, Ontario, Alberta and Phoenix, Arizona. When asked what he would say to younger artists or students considering art as a career, he replied, "What I'd tell them is not to expect immediate results but to keep working at it, and developing, because the more you do, the quicker you develop. If you' re in the Indian art world it's not that big, and if you're doing something that's interesting people will hear about it. " He has not limited himself nor his creativity to one main area, but has also been involved in performing arts as well. He has never displayed his work in commercial galleries, largely because he choses not to . However, in the future he plans to enter that area and to find out whether or not he can make a living from the sales of his art alone. In discussing his own art, and art in general, he states, "I don't really know of that many people that are doing what I'm doing, but my exposure to art and how to work with materials was always, especially in sculptures, combining materials. That's how I viewed historical Indian art. It wasn't a set combination of materials, such as paint and canvas, it was all kinds of materials. To be able to take anything, and combine it with other materials and to make a sculpture. "I find that I enjoy creating things, not only sculpture but painting. I enjoy doing a lot of things - a little philosophy, anything. The way that I view art is that you can do anything and somehow turn it into a work of art.'' To the viewer of some of Edward's work, it's obvious that he is indeed a very talented indigneous artist, one whose work will continue to be admired and appreciated. 47 Mr. Poitras was born in Regina, Saskatchewan in 1953. His mother was a member of the Gordon Ind ian Band and his father was from Fort Qu 'App elle. He attended school in both Fort Qu 'Appelle and Regina, was an Indian art student and teaching assistant at Manitou College, La Macaze, Quebec(1975) ; an Indian art instructor, Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (1976-78); a sessional lecturer on Indian art in the Native Studies with New Breed magazine in Regina , Saskatchewan (1980-81). Since then he has been a lecturer at the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College, Indian Art Department, University of Regina. �ENTERTAINMENT Video Review by Deanna Wuttunee "Our Lands Our Nations" produced by Bryan Tootoosis and Roger Trottier This video deals with the question of sovereignty, nationhood and selfgovernment. It, simply and clearly, presents a case for Indian government. It is also a rebuttal from well known native leaders to Bill C-52. A copy has been sent to all 579 bands in Canada. In the spring of 1984, Bill C-52 was tabled in Parliament. It was called an act relating to self-government for Indian Nations and was designed by the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Canada. Bill C-52 outlined a blueprint for a limited form of Indian government to be exercised at the discretion of the Canadian government. Native leaders rejected the bill as legislation contradictory to Indian government. The native leaders shown in the tape are Chief David Ahenakew, Assembly of First Nations (AFN); Vice-Chief Harold Cardinal, AFN; Chief David Courchene, Alexander Band, Manitoba; Greg Johnston of the Micmac Nation of Nova Scotia; Fred Kelly, the Ojibway Nation; Chief Bobby Manuel of the Salish Nation; Chief Sol Sanderson of the FSIN; and Billy Tworivers of the Mohawks of the Kahnawake Quebec. ' The Penner Report, land base for Indian government and aboriginal rights are also discussed. The tape is an hour long and presents a lot of material in that time frame. However, to organize and simplify it, it is divided into three segments: ( 1) The Bases for Indian Government (2) The Shape of First Nations and (3) Reestablishing Nations Government. This would allow for discussion between sections and therefore conducive to classes and workshops. ,· An Act Relating To Seif-Government for lndian Nations National Indian Drotherhood ASSEMBLY OF FIRST NATIONS 47 CLARENCE STREET . SUITE 300 . ATRIUM BUILDING OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1N 9Kl (613) 236-0673 TELEX 053-3202 Dear Chief & Band Members: The accompanying cassette addresses topics such as the Bas is for Ind i an Government, the Shape of Indian Government, and · the Re-es tabl ishmen t of Indian Government. I feel the views presented are timely and wil 1 provoke much discussion amongst Band members throughout our Nations. I sincerely hope that their responses will guide us in making wise decisions concerning the future of our people with respect to the ong~ing pro~ess of reaffirming aqd re-implementing Indian Government by and for our Indian Nations. David Ahenakew National Chief . . . continued on page 4 9 48 �Book Reviews by Deanna In Search of April Raintree I Heard the Owl Call My Name by Beatrice Culleton Pemmican Publications Inc., Winnipeg, 1983 by Margaret Craven Clarke, Irvin and Co. Ltd. Toronto, 1967 In a dramatic and moving memoir ~ Wuttunee evoking anguish, tears and heartache, the author tells of a harsh coming of age while caught in the limbo of the white and native world. April Raintree and her sister Cheryle are apprehended at an early age by the children's Aid Society. We follow April and Cheryle as they embark on a lifelong struggle for emotional liberty and cultural identity. Each deals with it in a different way. In Search of April Raintree is prairie literature that captures the confusion, rejection and anguish of a native child who has lost her positive self-esteem and innocent world view and spends the next decade looking for it. It weaves a tale of alcoholism, child apprehension, rape, death, prostitution, healing, rebirth and love. It tells of an identity crisis with a vengeance and a painful and anguished final resolve. It is honesty without apology as Raintree rises, like a phoenix out of the ashes as did her ancestors. Marie Campbell author of Half Breed, calls Culleton's writing, "the kind of writing that will begin the healing of our people and help a dominant society understand and feel the lives of a people it almost destroyed.'' The story tells how the education system perpetuates society's assimilative policies when teaching only the national culture and values. A native child's world view is abruptly disorientated when ivie learns she does not participate in this national culture. If her people's contributions to society are ignored and her people depicted as a social burden, it affects her selfesteem and her image among her peers. Cheryl and April embody cultural dichotemy that faces native people in today's society, and the perils that lie in the exclusive pursuit of one or the other. I would recommend this book for study in adult classes as a document of individual courage among native people and the collective consciousness that binds them together. The owl spirit was symbolized by some American . Indian tribes as the messenger of death. Mark Brian, a priest, is dying but he is unaware of it. His bishop sends him to a remote Indian village on the coast of B. C. This story is about one man's search for himself among the K wakvitl Indians. The priest slowly became enmeshed in their joys and agonies in that wild, harsh and beautiful environment. In the long days that followed, the faces of the people grew defined as did their acceptance and love. There was the first salmon run, the first bear hunt, the first night in the shake cabin, the growing maternal protection of the women, the growing familiarity of the language and the ultimate sense of belonging. It is also a story of change. The people lived by age-old traditions that were kept alive orally and by practice. Yet they saw no reason why they could not attend church and receive its sacraments. By the same token, the priest respected their traditions; the pot latch, the Cedar Man, the seasons of the swimmer, the Samatan dance and above all their right to privacy. Time that had begun with loneliness lost all contours as Mark Brian lived his faith among the men, women, and children of the K wakvitl. The story is an analogy of how nature and the environment are part of the Indian people, how the past and the present are part of the future. Margaret Craven captures the wild harsh environment of this country which reflects the essence of the people without imposing a definition or analysis. We can feel the rain, see the gentle undulation of the blanket of snow and taste the spray of the river. We can see why it is essential that Indian people know who they are. I would recommend this to all young adults to be read over and over again. The first reading will leave you a sense of the story remaining untouched, like the heart of a mountain. Like the heart of a mountain, Indian 49 people continue to retain their unique identity against tremendous odds. continued from page 48 . . . The picture and video quality is good. The target audience is Indian people in Canada, but would be suitable for orientation of new FSIN and band employees and elected leaders. For extra copies contact SINCO. Overall, it is very uplifting and informative to Indian people. Many of the leaders expressed views in different terms so if something is missed in the beginning, it can be picked up from other speakers. A must for all band members and leadership! Onion Lake Powwow The Onion Lake Pow-wow of May 24-26 was a promotional celebration for the upcoming Northwest commemorative pow-wow of July 12-24. However, other festivities beginning on June 8 will kick off the pow-wow. '' I would like to thank everyone that attended but especially the Thunderchild Band for lending their ( artificial outdoor) turf," said Roy Whitstone. There were over 200 dancers and 11 drums registered for the May 24-26 event. Dancers hailed from Saskatchewan, Alberta and the United States. But the weather was uncooperative and made it necessary to move the event indoors into the arena. Special guests were Jerry Duhaime, Chamber of Commerce in Lloydminister; Ken Cutmore, Saskatchewan Tourist Association in Lloydminster; Marge Robinson, Lakeland Tourist Association of Alberta and Bill Pepper from Frenchman Butte. According to Mr. Whitestone, the event was successful with at least 1,000 people attending daily. Onion Lake is approximately 30 miles north of Lloydminister and has a population of slightly over 1800 people. For more information call: Ray Whitstone or Joe Stick at 344-2108. Cross the ferry on the Saskatchewan River on July 12-14 and its POW-WOW TIME!!! �Century of Peace Powwow by Deanna Wuttunee According to Master of Ceremonies, Nathan "8 ball'' Jim Sr. of Warm Springs, Oregon, he heard, ''Some pretty strange things, '' up here in Canada. While on a break he heard a woman in a tent saying, ''getoff, get-off". Intrigued, he peeked in. He saw a man getting a can of Off. The Century of Peace Powwow was held at the Gordie Howe Pa:i;-k in Saskatoon, May 17-20. It was the first outdoor powwow held in Saskatoon. Four eagles were seen circling above the grounds on Sunday afternoon and taken as a good sign by the organizers. The Union Jack was flown as a symbolic gesture because the treaties were signed and the Indian veterans fought under that flag . Two hundred dancers and 17 drums were registered from Western Canada and the United States. Many were well known professionals on both sides of the border. ''The powwow committee was formed by the youth and people of the community. We felt that we should organize to commemorate Indian involvement in the historical events of 1885. We thought it was appropriate that it should be in the form of a first outdoor powwow for Saskatoon,'' said Alvin Manitopyes, committee president. 50 The committee was advised by two elders throughout the planning stage on spiritual and cultural matters. Pipe ceremonies were held during the powwow. Intertribal and contest sessions were also held daily. Boy Ladd from Tomah, Wisconsin, gave his bird dance. There was an honor song for veterans and a give-away by the committee. An educational and historical display of dances was narrated by Charlie Tailfeathers of Rocky Boy, �DANCING CONTEST WINNERS Men's Traditional First ($600.00) Charles Tailfeathers, Rocky Boy, Montana; second ($400.00) - Walter Bull, Little Pine, Sask.; third ($200.00) - Art Redmen, Standing Buffalo, Sask.; fourth ($100.00) - Rudy Shebala, Navajo Reserve, Arizona. Men's Fancy First ($600.00) - Roy "Crazy Horse'' Bison, Oklahoma, USA; se, cond ($400. 00) - Saunders Bearstail Jr., Mandaree, North Dakota; third ($200.00) - Ron McNabb, Gordons, Sask.; fourth ($100.00) - Boy Ladd, Tomah, Wisconsin. Montana . A non-Indian contest was held on Sunday afternoon. The winner was Maureen Weeks from Oxford, England, beating out her friend Carmel Cayne from Dublin, Ireland. Saskatoon Mayor Cliff Wright and Chief Sol Sanderson of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (FSIN) both said that the powwow should be an annual event. The Meewasin Valley Authority has set land aside for Indian use in the Tipperary Creek area, a world historical site. There is a possibility of building permanent facilities there. Although initially plagued with funding difficulties, the committee has emerged with only a $2,000 deficit. They are presently working to clear this. Major funding sources were the Saskatoon Base Commemoration '85 Committee, FSIN Holdings Company, the Office of the Saskatoon Mayor, Saskatchewan Indian Company Trucking, and the Secretary of State. The total cost was about $34,000. Approximately 5,000 people attended over a four-day period. There were no accidents reported. Committee members were President - Alvin Manitopyes, VicePresident - Tyrone Tootoosis, Treasurer - Dan Delorme, and Secretary - Shiela Esperance. Other members were Joe N aytowhow, Don Worm, Wesley Fineday, Doreen Pooyak, John Cuthand, and May ''Tootsie'' Favel. Men's Grass First ($600.00) - Jonathan Windy Boy, Rocky Boy, Montana; second ($400.00) - Gerald Baptiste, Red Pheasant, Sask.; third ($200.00) Kelly Gambler, Gordon's, Sask.; fourth ($100.00) - Malcolm Hunter, Morley, Alta. Ladies Traditional First ($600.00) - Dianne Goodwill, Standing Buffalo, Sask.; second ($400.00) - Rhoda Delorme, Broadview, Sask.; third ($200.00) - Ruth Bull, Little Pine, Sask.; fourth ($100.00) - Marielle Cutbert, Wetaskewin, Alta. Ladies Fancy First ($600.00) - Joy Anderson, St. Michaels, North Dakota; second ($400.00)-Annette Samson, Wapato, Washington; third ($200.00) - Alana Tootoosis, Poundmaker, Sask.; fourth ($100.00) - Tina Bull, Little Pine, Sask. Men's Golden Age First ($300.00) - Bobby Woods, Saskatoon, Sask.; second ($200.00) Noah Bealieu, Sandy Bay, Man. Women's Golden Age First ($300.00) - Edith Sampson, Wapato, Wash.; second ($200.00) Bertha Maxbear, North Battleford, Sask.; third ($100.00)- EllaJaneJim, Warm Springs, Oregon. 51 Teen Boy's Traditional First ($300.00) - Patrick McNabb, Gordon's, Sask.; second ($200.00) Stanley Asapace, Poormans, Sask.; third ($100.00) - Greves Poucette, Morley, Alta. Teen Boy's Fancy First ($300.00) - Nolan Daniels, Sturgeon Lake, Sask.; second ($200.00) - Little Joe Bearstail, Mandaree, North Dakota; third ($100.00) - Clayton Daniels, Sturgeon Lake, Sask. Teen Girls Traditional First ($300.00) - Cina Lavallee, Broadview, Sask.; second ($200.00) - Liz Standing Water, Thunderchild, Sask.; third ($100.00) - Susan Peruean, Regina, Sask. Teen Girls Fancy First ($300.00) - Candace Anderson, St. Michaels, North Dakota; second ($200.00) - Davell Tailfeathers, Warm Spring, Oregon; third ($100.00) - Susie Bull, Little Pine, Sask. Each winner was also awarded a trophy. Singing Groups • Eagle Whistles (USA Host Drum) - Mandaree, North Dakota • Battle Creek (Canadian Host Drum) - Red Pheasant, Sask. • White Bear Singers - White Bear, Sask. �Best Costumes • Fred Bushyhead, Colorada, USA • Tina Daniels, Sturgeon Lake, Sask. • High Noon - Thunderchild, Sask. • Northern Cree - Sturgeon Lake, Sask. • Saskatoon Old Timers - Saskatoon, Sask. • Chiniki Lake - Morley, Alta. • Little Pine - Little Pine, Sask. • Grey Buffalo - Gordons, Sask. • Little Bear - Winnipeg, Man. • Eagle Creek - Saskatoon, Sask. • Hobbema Selects - Hobbema, Sask. • Cappo Bros - Muscowpetung, Sask. • PeepeekisisJr's - Peepeekisis, Sask. • Cappo Jr's - Muscowpetung, Sask. • Stoney Part Jr's - Morley, Alta. • Northern Lights - Waywayseecappo, Man. Master of Ceremonies • Nathan Jim Sr. '8 Ball', Warm Springs, Oregon • Gordon Tootoosis, Poundmaker Reserve, Sask. Arena Director • Frank "Flying Carpet" Anasken, Broadview, Sask. SPORTS Favel Wins Gold in Tae Kwon Do by Archie King Colin Favel, 23, of the Poundmaker Indian Band is making his presence known in the Tae Kwon Do martial arts. Favel won the gold in men's overweight yellow-orange belt division during the Canadian Tae Kwon Do Championships held recently in Edmonton, Alberta. Coming from an athletic family, Favel has excelled in other sports. During his studies in I. T. E. P. at the U. of S., he was a member of the volleyball and soccer teams. According to Favel, height is the big factor as you are using kicking motions, he said. Instructor Pat Ehnes said, "There were close to 500 competitors at the meet in the different belt levels and our results were excellent. I never expected us to do that well so soon. There were teams from Newfoundland to Vancouver, and most of our people had to win four to five fights to be in the medals." Favel is the Native Student Counsellor at North Battleford Comprehensive High School. Bingo Tango In response to the bingo craze and the flourishing bingo establishments, the Department of Indian Affairs and the provincial Social Services have created policy stipulating that the amount of any bingo win over $200 will be deducted from payments to welfare recipients. One unlucky woman won a $7,300 car at a North Battleford bingo. In a move to gain revenue, she traded the car for an older model plus $1,000. Following two more maneuvers like this, she ended up with $1,700 and no car. However, being on assistance she was penalized for the original win of $7,300. But due to her pregnancy, she was reinstated for assistance after a 52 one month period. The provincial Social Services has sent out letters to its clients to make them aware of the policy and has asked that all wins over $200 be reported. However, the Department of Indian Affairs has not, to date. "However, we have no spies. Thece must be a report of a win from the general public and verification of the win," said one employee from the department in Saskatoon. As clients of these agencies, these bingo players looked for a way to alleviate financial stress and took the risk. Is it fair? �LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Indian Act Opinion Dear Editor: Enclosed is an open letter to Chief Steinhauer of the Saddle Lake Reserve in northern Alberta who was a spokesman for the Coalition of the First Nations, in a telex released to the press in which threats were made against Indian women married to white men trying to reclaim their status. As you noticed I did not give my return address for fear of reprisals against my family who live on a reserve in Canada. In response to the telex released from Ottawa dated March 22nd, 1985 regarding Indian women who are reclaiming their lost rights. I was appalled to read such a male chauvinistic article. You are placing yourself in a very precarious situation and vulnerable to class action suit by stating that '' Indian women who marry white men (incidentally you said white men, so one can assume black or other races of men are excluded from your threats) who returned to their reserves could have their houses burned down. "You don't sound like a very intelligent spokesman. You are inciting and instigating violence, and you could be charged as such, also for violation of human rights. Isn't this contrary to the famous phrases ''Our Indian Way of Life - to love and help another''? You must really fear these women who have lived off the reserves, educated in the white man's world, some of them whose children are college graduates, lawyers, doctors, and other professionals who could certainly help their own native people and it seems you are in need of native professionals. There may be a very small percentage who will want to live on reserves, but how many do you seriously think ''will flock back to the reserves to take advantage of new job opportunities?" I thought employment was down on most reserves. Most of these women who, as you put it ' 'escaped the reserves' ' are not about to break up their families, and uproot their homes. Do you think their husbands will give up establish- ed careers, and businesses to go live on a reserve? I hardly think so. Another ridiculous statement you make is ''the white wives of Indian men being accepted on reserves, because they behave themselves as a wife''. Whatever you mean by that, perhaps they still walk two strides behind their Indian husband? What you should be looking at is these Indian rejects whose white wives marry them for the sole purpose of getting a free education and other benefits, only before the ink on the marriage certificate is dry. Then "Good bye Indian, I'm going back to school, so I can take advantage of this free education and benefits now mine". That's the last they see of their white wife who ''behave like a wife''. By the way, isn't it too late to worry about "Ottawa to impose European values on native people''? That was last when the first settlers arrived and the Indian got rid of his tipi and horsedrawn travois for log houses and automobiles. Wake up! This is the 80's! Sex discrimination in the Indian Act is long overdue to be deleted, and if our Indian men are going to be marrying white women, it's time for native people to live by the white men's standard. No matter how we would like life to be, we are living in a white men's world, going to white men's schools, and dressing like white people not to mention marrying white women and men. There is no law that will every change an Indian women's color of her skin. She will always be an Indian especially if she was born and raised on a reserve. You can never take the lndianess away from her no matter how hard you try. I do hope and believe that native women will regain their lost rights and be able to claim what rightfully belongs to them. As for your remark about white wives of Indian men behaving like wives, (whatever that's suppose to mean) you owe all native women an apology. Thank you, - Joanna Lorentz Denver, Colorado Visit to Sweden Dear Friends: My name is Sverker Clotsaan. I'm a news reporter working with the Swedish TV Corporation. 53 I send you this letter because I want to give you a picture that is unique, and I hope you want to publish it. �Last summer, my very good friends Jerry McLeod and his son, Neil, visited my family. It was very interesting to hear Jerry talk about the Indians and their situation - Jerry McLeod comes from the James Smith Reserve in Saskatchewan. Here in northern Sweden we still have some Lapps living on their herds of reindeer. They follow their arrivals (reindeer) from the coast to the mountains every spring and autumn. One of the most famous Lapp families is named the J oussons family and we arranged a meeting between the J ousson and the McLeods. They met each other in the Swedish mountains at a place called Laivajoure far from the roads and villages. It was a meeting between two different native peoples from different parts of the word, but in many ways with the same problems. They talked about their languages, their cultures and their future. The Lapps showed how to use the lasso (the long rope) and we had a tough walk with the small Lapps on the swampy ground in the mountains. The picture shows the Cree, Jerry McLeod, and his son, Neil, from James Smith and the Swedish Lapps, Anund Jonsson, his wife Aina and their son Michael. I really hope this is interesting for you and I want you to send my warmest greetings to Jerry and Neil McLeod and I hope they soon will come back to Sweden. - Sverker Clotsaan V annasby, Sweden Del Anaquod, SIFC President, announced that a similar course would be held in 1986. For many of the graduates, it meant a salary increase or university credit towards future studies. Indian Band Employees Complete Course Library/Resources by Archie King SASKA TOON Graduation ceremonies were held recently in this city honouring the various Indian band employees completing the fourweek course in social work. Various social administrators and family service workers from the Indian bands in .the province attended a total of four weeks of classroom instructions. It was delivered by the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College (SIFC), hosted by St. Peter's College in Muenster, and funded by the Department of Indian Affairs. During the ceremonies, various people were commended for their in volvement with the course. According to Chief Irvin Starr of Starblanket Band, the success of the course was made possible by many people but especially by the men and women who left their families at home to attend the course. THE SASKATCHEWAN The Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College is home to one of North America's truely great Indian libraries. So extensive is the library that only two-ttirds of their total books can be accommodated in their existing Saskatoon facility. This outstanding Indian facility offers mail order lending and is open to all Saskatchewan Indians. Each fall the College provides an updated resource catalog to all Saskatchewan bands. The catalog includes not only book listings, but also listings of the College's extensive record and cassette tape collection. In addition, high quality copies of recorded materials are available for the cost of a cassette tape and a nominal reproduction fee. For more information contact: The Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College, Library Department, 917 - 22nd Street West, Saskatoon, Sask. S7M 0V1 Phone: (306) 244-1146 INDIAN FEDERATED COLLEGE IS: • a fully accredited. Indian-controlled institution; • officially federated with the University of Regina; • located in Saskatoon at 31 0 - 20th Street East [ and on the main University campus in Regina]. Indian Governments of Saskatchewan Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations THE OBJECTIVES OF THE SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN FEDERATED COLLEGEARE: 1 . To ensure direct control of an education institution by the Indian people of Saskatchewan. 2. To develop educational programs that are relevant to the Indian people of Saskatchewan. 3. To maintain the various Indian cultures of Saskatchewan in terms of history. beliefs and values. 54 �,. "II Education for Indian people is a Treaty Right. The bare-bones of the Treaties contain the following words: From Treaty #2 "And further, Her Majesty agrees to maintain a school in each reserve hereby made, whenever the Indians of the reserve shall desire it." From Treaty #4 "Further, Her Majesty agrees to maintain a school in the reserve, allotted to each band, as soon as they settle on the said reserve, and are prepared for a teacher." From Treaty #5 "And further, Her Majesty agrees to maintain schools for instruction in such reserves hereby made, as to Her Government of the Dominion of Canada many see advisable whenever the Indians of the reserve shall desire it." From Treaty #6 -"And further, Her Majesty agrees to maintain schools for Instruction in such reserves hereby made, as to Her Government of the Dominion of Canada many seem advisable, whenever the Indians of the reserve shall desire it." From Treaty #8 "Further, Her Majesty agrees to pay the salaries of such teachers to instruct the children of the said Indians as to Her Majesty's Government of Canada may seem advisable." From Treaty #10 "Further, Her Majesty agrees to make such provision as may from time to time be deemed advisable for the education of the Indian children." The spirit and intent of the Treaties is that Indians have pre-paid our education by agreeing to share our soil with Europeans and peoples from other lands. The Treaties guaranteed that we have a free education . The Treaties were agreements between Indians as Nations of peoples, and the British as Nations of people represented by the British Crown. As such these Treaties are agreements as "Nations between Nations", and have the full stature of International Treaties . The Treaties are held as sacred by Indian people. The spirit and intent of the Treaties have been passed on from generation to generation by the spiritual and oral tradition of Indian people, and have been recorded for posterity by the spoken and written testimony of the British representatives. The Treaties are more than their spoken or written words. The Treaties are solemn, sacred agreements between representatives of Indian First Nations and their heirs and successors on the one part; and the representatives of the British Nations and their heirs and successors on the other part. ... ...ii 55 �SASKATCHEWAN BANDS/DISTRICTS Uranium City • Q Fond du Lac Q Stony Rapids lac la Hache Q PRINCE ALBERT DISTRICT MEADOW LAKE DISTRICT YORKTON DISTRICT Q QEngli 0 Loon Lake SASKATOON DISTRICT Beardy's & Okemasis John Smith Kinistino Mistawasis Moosewoods Muskeg Lake Nut Lake One Arrow Young Chippewa sh River I River Q Qsuffalo Turnor Lake Qcanoe Q Peter Ballantyne Portage La Loche Whitebear Ochapowace Kahkewistahaw Cowessess Sakimay Cote Key Keeseekoose Lake Q Lac la Ronge Joseph Bighead Qwaterhen 0 0 Flying Dust 0 e Me;adow Lake Island Lake NORTH BATTLEFORD DISTRICT Little Pine & Luckyman Moosomin Mosquito Onion Lake Pound maker Red Pheasast Saulteaux Sweetgrass Thunderchild Onion Whitefish Lake lake Q 0 Thunderchild Cumberlandhouse Fond du Lac Lac La Ronge Montreal Lake Peter Ballantyne Red Earth Shoal Lake Stony Rapids Sturgeon Lake Wahpeton James Smith Lac La Heche Little Pine Sturgeon Lake QMistawasis Q Prince Albert • Young John Smith Chippewa OII Q Q YORKTON DISTRICT Beardy 's & Okemasis Qone Arrow Q - Kinistino 0 Nut Lake r 0 Suhtoon Q • Day st 0 Mosquito PoormanQ 0 0 Keeseekoose Little Black Bear Muscowpetung Muskowekwan QMuskowekwan I O Star Blanket , Muscowpetung Q Q FORT QU'APPELLE/FILE HILLS/TOUCHWOOD DISTRICT Nikaneet Okanese p asqua p k, , Kahkew1stahaw eepep~ ISIS 1apot Q p Oorman Ochapowace Standing Buffalo Star Blanket Wood Mountain l1tteI Black Bear C ~ owessess kanese Q Q 0 0 0 O I I 0 Whitebear Q Wood Mountain 56 N ikaneet Yor.kton Pia pot Q - '-'..,,,,,... Peepeek1m Standing Buffalo_____. Sakimay Regin;a Pasqua Carry The Kettle Q Gordons Cote ar "ocordons SHELLBROOK AGENCY Carry The Kettle Day Star Fishing Lake IO Moosewoods Big River Pelican Lake Sandy Lake FORT QU'APPELLE/FILE HILLS/TOUCHWOOD DISTRICT Key Fishing Lake Red Pheasant Q Q Red EarthQ James Smith oWahpeton SASKATOON DISTRICT Poundmrer Sweetgrass Q Shoal Lake Q Moosomin o Q Qsaulteaux O f Q Lake 0 Muskeg lake Canoe Lake Island Lake Joseph Bighead Loon Lake Portage La Loche Tumor Lake Waterhen English River Flying Dust Buffalo River Cumberland House Montreal Sandy lake North Battle.ford & luckyman C\ Big River Pelican Lake NORTH BATTLEFORD DISTRICT PRINCE ALBERT DISTRICT MEADOW LAKE DISTRICT �CHIEF POUNDMAKER MEMORIAL POW-WOW July 25-26-27-28 1985 ONPOUNDMAKER RESERVE '!' 13 KMSNORTH OFCUTKNIFE, SASKATCHEWAN Hwy•16 Paynton , Sask. D N .-f-, s Hwy• 40 D Cutkni fe, Sask. 11111 VETERAN'S DAY = -- JULY 27, 1985 SPECIAL EVENTS • Memorial traditional feast in honor of Chief Pound maker and the men who died during the battle of May 2, 1885 • Unveiling of Nez Perce grave marker • Unveiling of mass grave markers • Senior and junior princess pageant Men's Traditional Special Contest In honor of Sen. and Mrs. John B. Tootoosis sponsoredby the Tootoosis family TOT AL DANCE CONTEST PRIZE 1 •1s,ooo.oo • Food concessions , handicraft booths on grounds. • Special performances on Saturday and Sunday. • Drums paid daily. • Round dancing nightly. • Jackets for first place in all senior and junior categories . • No drugs or alcohol allowed. • To qualify dancers must register by July 27 - 1:00 p.m. • Contests judged by point system. • Not responsible for any accidents , losses , thefts or travel-aid. • Grand entry - Fri. 7:00, Sat. 1:00 & 7:00, Sun. 1:00 - 7:00 • For further info contact Band Office , Box 419, Cut Knife , Sask. SOM ONO (306) 398-4971 398-4972 398-4783 PRESIDENT - HELENTOOTOOS IS VICE -PRESIDENT - GORDON TOOTOOSIS COMMITTEE MEMBERS SECRETAR Y - JOSEPHINEFRANK TREASUR ER- AGNESSIMAGANIS - -E·VERYONE WELCOME- SCORE KEEPER - IRENE V. TOOTOOS IS, GLADYSFAVEL DRUMKEEPER - ARSENE TOOTOOSIS ARENADIRECTOR - ERICTOOTOOSIS �SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN FEDERATED COLLEGE LOOK TO THE FUTURE ' - - . . . . 1 '/ (,; ,. l Deadline for applications: July 31, 1985 Out of Province residents August 1985 Saskatchewan residents • • • • • • • • Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Indian Studies Art Languages Social Work Communicating Arts Education Administration and Management Health Careers � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian Magazine Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970/2011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1970/2011 Description An account of the resource The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Magazine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian, Special Edition (July 1985) Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Description An account of the resource Contents: Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance The Prairie Treaty Nations Alliance was created last year by Chiefs from the three Prairie Provinces. They considered that treaty Indian Nations should have a much stronger voice in Canadian affairs than was possible either through the Assembly of First Nations of through individual bodies like the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations or the Association of Alberta By: Greg Murdoch Recent Court Cases Affecting Saskatchewan Indians By: Delia Opekokew and David Knoll Indian Act Amendments - Bill C-31 By: Deanna Wuttunee Treaty Land Entitlement By: Anita Gordon-Murdoch Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College The Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College is a participant in the Cultural/Educational Centers program. This program is based on the concept of Indian identity within Canadian society. It provides financial and other supportive assistance to enable Indian people to establish and operate Cultural/Educational Centers programs. By: Saskatchewan Indian Indian Artist: Eddy Poitras By: Deanna Wuttunee Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1985-07 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Murdoch, Greg Opekokew, Delia Knoll, David Wuttunee, Deanna Gordon-Murdoch, Anita Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1985-07 First Nations Artists Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25945/archive/files/72e40790ae5d41f92ad075076a0de1ae.pdf?Expires=1779926400&Signature=vWREm7kflQs6wpG-jFueRfSXt9SNpzCM3D4W9wfCJSOZ2VpxaMZ3-AKgxLprXDX-bQi32ZG21hNMO%7EIwAJqczrdL40WLpn0ApvvNhYeGFYVrrIFip%7E7u3a29hV0GQjXH-lKu8Pf9fBGQL31kvmrJo50wfTs67ncr6GvZcDkSescilJWn-VLCDxSztRuh3QVZ5z7OwWcjXjI%7EO1aiHA7LhxlBtJP8M3tl7rStFh0sQ9G454lwzuhoejI63wrD3wWB7%7E7ooHeuhKpjKViMCY%7EmZ-VSvl9WLN-sW3Tw6j4MZMo-NxWEn3Xq0UGFFzzaqA5tcAO4KYq-IgXxU%7EVqswJwJg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 85234edebc9ecb33e8867c09de9cd12b PDF Text Text 1nesasmcne ~ Feaiaring Indian Artists ) 111~ Ve+, ¾ 'f �Readers wrrii~ LETTER TO THE EDITOR Article in error Dear Edi tor: :This letter is in reference to a mention made of my name in your February issue in an article entitled , "Artists Should be Cautious of Market." It was disturbing for me to see my name mentioned in such a context since it clearly suggests that somehow or other I have not been honest with regard to my dealings with native painters. Such an allegation is not true! I have always tried to be fair and upright in my dealings with native peoples. The article was so ambiguously written that it insinuated wrongdoing without ever explaining what was meant. Also, I note that there is no by-line on the article in order for me to tell who wrote it or why they are saying such things. It is unfair of you to print vague slurs against a man in which no supporting details are provided and no responsibility for the article is taken. In this connection, I want to make the following three points: 1) Any painter who loaned me his work in order to have it photographed for my proposed book always had the item returned unless he had given it to me as a gift or I had purchased it. The photography process often takes quite a while but the private property of the artist is always respected. 2) When a publisher is found, a part of the agreement will include the provision that a fee is to be paid to each artist for every picture included in the volume. 3) Some of the artists who mailed me work to photograph also asked me to try to sell it for ~ Page 2 The Saskatchewan Indian them as a favor. · This ' I:tried to do with no gain. to , myself.. If I was not able to sell the paintings after a good period of time, the mciterial was returned to the artist. I resent allegations being made about me when no one ever contacted me in order to get my side of the matter. If · a journalist thinks he has an issue, I would think that out of a sense of common courtesy and justice, he would contact the person about whom something is to be written. The ironic thing is that I agree with the general thrust of the article in that artists really should be cautious of unscrupulous operators. My recommendation is that these painters should obtain representatives who know the business and can deal rationally with such situations as a scholar who wants to borrow works for photography. · There is more I could say about the injustice of this unwarranted attack on me but I will let the matter lie there. Please try to be more responsible and accurate about these things in the future . Sincerely, John Warner , Assistant Professor Department of Sociology University of Saskatchewan Regina Campus Regina, Saskatchewan. Students need help Dear Edi tor: I'm a student at Onion Lake Junior High. I'm in grade nine. At the end of this school year we plan on going on a trip to Toronto. While we are there we plan on visiting a nearby Indian Reserve . The trip will last ten days at least. By now, we have pretty near everything arranged. We are going by train and return by plane. As you see , it will be a great experience for the Indian students who are stuck on this reserve. I' am wondering if you could help us finance our trip to Toronto as this will demand quite a good sum of money for we will be paying a part of our trip plus everyday expenses. We are presently trying to raise money by raffles, canteen, bottle drive, donation from various clubs, and good people, etc. Sincerely yours, Brent Dillon, Onion Lake Central School. New group forms Dear Edi tor: A new voice of the Indian people is on the move. This relatively new organization is called American Indian Defence or A.I.D. and is non-militant and non-violent. The members of AID believe that the needs of the Indian people can be met through peace and true brotherhood and are making great strides in proving it. The purpose of AID is to promote better community relations with other Indian tribes and non-Indians ; to safeguard and protect the rights, privileges and interests of all Indians; to improve the social and economic status of the Native Americans; to AID in securi ng better educational, medical and other advantages for members; to AID in helping the prisoner; to AID in alcohol and drug abuse education, and to become active in voter registration. Extensive work is being done in the area of councilling of inmates and their families and rehabilitation of ex-inmat~s. Members of AID aremaking every effort to show that the needs of the Indian people can be met through unity and brotherhood with people. They realize that only more destruction and hard feelings will result if the Indian and non-Indian do not start learning to live together in peace and harmony. They feel that only through all (Continued next page) April 1974 �DITORIAL llhe smtlilnl ~INDIRN Hunting issues The issue of Indian hunting rights is again being heard as flocks of ducks once more return to the prairies. The traditional steaming pot of duck soup which has always symbolized the end of a long cold winter and the promise of summer is also in direct contravention of the Migratory Game Birds Act. The Act states that game birds are only to be hunted in certain numbers in the 'fall and that means everyone, including Indians. The law was made law in the 1950's and has continued to be a controversial issue with Indians ever since . . Our treaties guarantee that we shall have the right to hunt and fish freely on or off the reserve. But laws such as the Migratory Game Birds Act have over-ridden this. What are our hunting rights and what obligations are placed upon Indian people? Sometimes we can be our own worst enemy. The right to unrestricted hunting was placed in the treaties so Indian people would be able to provide for their families. But Indian people have gradually gone beyond the Treaties' original intent and some have used the hunting rights to their own personal advantages. Treaty rights are not there to be interpreted for the private use of individuals but rather they were signed for the common good of the Indian bands . Hunting for the sake of using only the choice parts of meat or selling the meat for profit were not the original aims of the Treaties and are looked upon with disgust by the white public. Such selfish acts only serve to endanger our hunting · rights. The Migratory Game Bird Act was passed at a time when the game bird population was dangerously low. The situation has steadily improved and the increased numbers of game birds could withstand selective hunting out of season without any serious effects. It is up to the Indian people to include hunting regulations in the Indian Act and to police them so that these rights are maintained for the benefit of future generations of Indians. We must remember that for centuries Indian people lived in balance with nature and took from it only what they needed . Unless we return to our traditional relationship with nature we will only be able to tell our grandchildren about living off the land instead of showing them. Indian and non-Indian uni tmg m purpo·se and brotherhood can they ever stop this senseless bitterness, hatred and destruction that has been going on for so long between the two. ·American Indian Defence is non-profit. Funding for programs absorbs all that is available at present so members work at April 1974 regular Jobs and volunteer their services for AID. Anyone wishing further information about American Indian Defence please write to: Sherleen Hunter Spiritual Advisor American Indian Defence Cardston, Alberta. TOKOKO The Monthly Publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians 1114 Central Avenue Prince Albert Saskatchewan Second Class Mail Registration No. 2795 Return Postage Guaranteed Editor - Richard Scott Reporters Joan Beatty Donna Pinay Archie King Lucille Bell Editorial Board David Ahenakew Noel Starblanket Cliff Starr Cover painting by Willard Ahenakew This paper is the official voice of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians. It is intended to serve as an effective vehicle for Indian opinion in this province. Signed articles and opinions are the opinions of the individuals concerned and not necessarily those of the Federation. The Saskatchewan Indian Volume 4, Number 4 April 1974 The Saskatchewan Indian Page 3 �The Newrs Jobs primary goal Plan co-op farm and ranch for Starblanket reserve Starblanket Reserve - A cowcalf and grain farming operation which will provide the Starblanket Band with stable employment opportunities is soon to begin here. Starblanket Mutual Enterprises is a project which will allow the band members to participate in the operation. According to Noel Starblanket, chief of the band , the project will seek funding from the Department of Regional Economic Expansion, Special A.R.D.A ., Indian Affairs , and perhaps the LEAP program through Manpower. There was once a proposal for a band farm but this would have left the band in heav y debt. After attending a Co-op production course in Saskatoon , several band members decided to form a band farm along co-op principles and not form a corporation. There will be three types of membership in the Starblanket Mutual Enterprises. An active Natives held in "contelllpt" La Ronge - The head of the public participation section of the prov incial government's Churchill River study resigned recently saying the organization showed contempt for the people . Mr. Elias said there was a " prevailing attitude of contempt {by the board and directors ) for the skills and abilities of the people living in the {Churchill) basin and elsewhere in the province." He said that all the group was offering people of the area was an " offended, noble savage role". Page 4 The Saskatchewan Indian membership is for those working on the farm, a non-active for those who will buy shares but not actively participate , and a general membership for band members. Presently the land to be used is leased to a non-Indian farmer whose lease will expire in 1980. Hopefully the seeding will be done this spring in the Enterprise name. They w111eventually take over 5,000 acres. There will be grain farming at first and then the cow-calf opera~ tion will start. Perhaps poultry farming will begin for women who are interested. Chief Starblanket was enthusiastic about the new enterprise as it will offer many advantages to the people of the Starblanket ResP.rvP * Chief Starblanket Courtworker's plan • expansion North Battleford - The Native Courtworker Program has proven to be a great success in this city and surrounding area and a brief will soon be submitted to the Attorney-General's department asking for an expansion of present services. City Council and a local magistrate, Judge J.M. Policha , have given their support to the program and to plans for future expansion. They feel the program is greatly aiding Natives in trouble with the law and especially those who are Cree-speaking. It has also assisted the courts in carrying out their work. Ray- mond Fox, a local resident, has been doing the work for the program. The Battleford 's program serves that city and also Meadow Lake, Radisson , Biggar and Lloydminster. This area has three provi ncial magistrates courts and an expan ded service is needed . The Battleford's Indian and Metis Friendship Centre launched the courtworkers program as did several other Friendship Centres throughout the province and so far, all programs have proven to be great successes.* April 1974 �The News Majority in P.A. schools Students gain confidence through practice teaching Prince Albert - For the fir st time since they began the Indian Teacher Education Program this year the students are practice teaching and participating in school activities. The first intake _ students who began the program over a year ago are also out practice teaching for their third time. by Donna Pina y F .S.I. reporter The majority of students are in Prince Albert schools but there are some at Turtleford, Canwood , Kamsack , Leask , Montreal Lake , Beardy's and Duck Lake. They began April 8th and will be in the schools until May 3rd. Usually there are two students assigned to a school. The cooperating teachers were ones who volunteered to take the I.T.E .P. students. This almost ensures an interest and concern for the student teachers. The first few days were mainly observation and as each student became accustomed to the classroom, they take over lessons and work with individual students or small groups. The first intake students are usuall y quite confident and many take over a portion of the teaching. Sam Hardlotte, in second year I.T.E.P. , found he was becoming more and more confident with each stint of practice teaching. " With the experience in teaching in different grades and different schools , white , Indian or integrated), I feel I will have a getter choice of what grade and school I will want to teach in when I complete I.T.E.P." Mari us Paul , also in second year, is in a grade six classApril 1974 room with a mainly white enrolment. He was finding the students quite open and responsive to him. His supervising teacher was also helpful and involved him in activities. Will Nighttraveller, also in second year, is in a public school grade six classroom and the enrolment is mainly white. "I'm really enjoying it as its my first experience with white students. They respect me and help me" said Will. He has also found the staff at the school treat him as one of them and he has a helpful co-operating teacher. Jimmy Fiddler, a first year student, is in a grade five classroom in an all-white school. "I especially like the open area classroom I am in. I am able to work with individuals. It's easier as you get to know the child and build confidence in yourself. The (Continued next page) 1.T.E.P. student, Marius Paul, practising teaching in Prince Albert School, is seen taking over lessons and working with the children. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 5 �The News ( Continued) children do have predjudices but have to realize I am a person. I have a teacher Who is teaching for his first year and he is quite helpful and understanding." Gordon Tcho, also in first year, also enjoys working with the children. He is also in an open area classroom. "I like the open area because it's work with individuals . The children respect the teachers and I find myself quite confident now. I started teaching physical education the first day I was there and now things seem easier." Mervin Nighttraveller, in first year, is in a grade six classroom. "I've found out that I would prefer teaching adults or high school students - perhaps in a vocational school as I have mechanical experience." The teachers are enjoying the experience with the student teachers. Henry Hiebert, teacher of a language development class for Native students at Arthur Pechey School in Prince Albert, has Gerry Desnomie, a second year student, in his class. "I enjoy having him and he's helping me and works regularly with two students. My class is completely individualized and Gerry works with almost every student every day. We are teaching a Social Studies section on Indian Studies together and I had planned this in conjunction with him." The I.T.E.P. staff, with director• Cecil King and counsellors Mary Claus, Don Barnett and Myrtle Aldous, visit the schools regularly to meet with the students, teachers and principals. They help the students with suggestions and supply necessary materials a student may need for his lessons. When finished this session, the students will have a one week break and then return to university to take a class at Intersession. Physical Education 101, a course on the methods of teaching physical education to school children, will begin on May 13th and last for six weeks.• Page 6 The Saskatchewan Indian I ♦ Public Service Fonctionpublique Canada Canada THIS COMPETITIONIS OPEN TO BOTHMEN & WOMEN PROJECTOFFICER NATIVE FITNESS AND RECREATION RECREATION CANADA DIRECTORATE FITNESS AND AMATEUR SPORTBRANCH DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL HEALTH AND WELFARE OTTAWA, ONT ARIO SALARY TO: $15,737-$17,883 ( Under negotiation) DUTIES: Under direction of the Director , Recreation Canada, develops a national and regional overview of the activities of Canada's native people in the fields of sport and recreation to coordinate an effective support program; assesses the various resources available from federal, provincial and territorial governments to meet the objectives of the national program; assists in implementing and evaluating a variety of programs, identifying problems and devising solutions; organizes and conducts meetings at national and regional levels to resolve differences and develop proposals for future action, and performs other duties . The duties of this position require frequent travel within Canada. QUALIFICATIONS: University graduation with substantial experience directly related to the outlined duties or ability normally associated with completion of secondary school education plus extensive experience in related duties . Candidates must demonstrate through their work history, good results in carrying out duties appropriate to the duties of this position . It is desirable that candidates possess an in-depth knowledge of native cultures, group structures and native languages. LANGUAGE REQUIREMENTS: Knowledge of the English language is essential for this position. Forward "Application for Employment" Form PSC 367-401available at Post Offices, Canada Manpower Centres and Offices of the Public Service Commission of Canada to the following address : STAFFING UNIT "A" ADMINISTRATIVE STAFFING PROGRAM PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSIONOF CANADA, OTTAWA, ONTARIO KlA0M7 Please quote competition number 4-A-P-002To ensure consideration applications must be received not later than MAY 15, 1974. Appointments as a result of this competition a re subject to the provisions of the Public Service Employment Act. April 1974 �The News Gilbert Bird wins 3rd term as Montreal Lake's Chief MONTREAL LA~E - Gilbert Bird of the Montreal Lake Reserve was re-elected Chief for a third consecutive term in a two way race on April 9. Allan Bird was the only other person running for the position. to be running the different proThe band elections, where e1ght councillors were also cho- grams on our reserve." The Chie,f said he will continue sen, couldn't have been held on a to have the same programs on the more beautiful day and this rereserve including the welfare, sulted in a good turnout of voters. recreation, housing, water and Cecil Bird, Leonard Bird, and sanitation, and roads programs. Sammy Bird were re-elected as The Band is planning a tourist Councillors while the newcomers project 2 miles west of the Monare Jimmy Duncan Bird, Nick treal Lake Reserve, at the mouth Bird, Gilbert Naytowhow, Doroof the Waskesiu River. "We are thy M. Bird and Seven Ross. building two cabins, a trailor lot Gilbert Bird, said if his dauand a boat launch," the Chief ghter Florence had run for the said. The Band has already purposition of Chief, he would have chased 12 boats and 7 small had a very tough time. '' I had to motors. The Chief said they are do a lot of fast talking," he said presently doing their own feasilaughtingly. Florence was on the bility study on the project. previous band council. Last fall, the Band purchased Chief Bird said he will be meeting with his new band coun- the local store from the Hudson Bay Company and they have been cil to decide '' how we are going operating it themselves employing two clerks and a store manager; all from the re serve. "We sell groceries , dry goods, gas, televisions, radios, and record players," the Chief said. The Band extends limited credit to the people. "The Band Council decided how the store is operated and so far we have been doing good,'' Chief Bird said. The Band received funds from the Indian Affairs Department to April 1974 build eight houses this year. Seven houses will be built out of logs which will be furnished and one will be built in the typically Indian Affairs style," the Chief said. The Band will be employing people to cut logs as well as in building the homes as soon as it is warm enough. As is the concern of most Band Councils in Saskatchewan, the Chief of the Montreal Lake Reserve expressed his desire to see his councillors paid. "Besides being councillors of the reserve, which is a very hard and demanding task, they have to concern themselves with working elsewhere in order to support and feed their families ," he said.,. Churchill dalll to disrupt fish • spawning Saskatoon - A dam on the Churchill River will cause disruption for 10 to 15 years irt fish spawning grounds by creating a lake 70 miles long, says a report by Saskatchewan Fisheries . Six sets of rapids on the Churchill River, important for small species of fish as feeding and spawning grounds , would be eliminated. The new lake, however, would be deep enough to provide the cold water necessary for lake tumt. The lake, 185 feet deep , would join Reindeer Lake about 24 miles west of the dam adding another 2 feet of water to the level of Reindeer Lake. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 7 �People The Prince Albert Friendship Centre has one of the best courtworkers programs in Saskatchewan . The directorship and coordination of such a program is a great responsibility. Albert Lapa tac, the project director , has proven himself capable of this and has done much to make the program successful. Originally from Alberta , Albert was once a corporal in the Armed Forces. He has had experience as a counsenor and community worker with · Native people . He began court work in 1970 and has worked mainly with Native people since then. Albert began working in Prince Albert in August of 1973 as the project dir ec tor and presently has five court workers under his direction. His duties involve supervision and administration of the court workers program and assisting the workers in counselling and helping those with legal problems. supporting service to persons, handicapped by reason of their social and economic background,'' Mr . Fox said. Raymond · Fox has completed a para-legal program at the Legal Assistance Clinic in Saskatoon and recently was appointed Commissioner of Oaths by the Attorney-General's office in Regina. Working mainly on the James Smith Reserve and with other bands in the accounting field is a young man from Little Pine Reserve. Gary Atimoyoo has worked with the Cultural College accounting department in Saskatoon since June of last year and began field work last September. At present he is setting up a course to train band staff about accounting procedures. Gary graduated from North Battleford Collegiate Institute in 1968. He then enrolled in the College of Arts and Science at the Not only good looking with a winning personality, this community conscious young gentleman is also one of the youngest councillors of the widely scattered Peter Ballentyne Band. Jonas Custer, who lives at Deschambeault Lake, has three children , Tony , John and Laura. Jonas, along with his .wife, Tulsa , who is also very active in community affairs , can always be found where the action is , benefiting the community one way or another. The native court worker program was established November 1, 1973, and was initiated by the Indian and Metis Friendship Centre. Travelling to courts in the North Ba ttleford area , including courts in Lloydminster , Radisson, Biggar and St. Walburg is Raymond Fox. '' The court workers service arose out oI a recognized need in the judicial centre to provide Page 8 The Saskatchewan Indian gin of one vote. Chief Mosquito 's future plans include an over-all change for the community and going after the great concerns of his band. Henry Roberts, Manager of the Lac La Ronge Indian Handicraft Store, models one of the beautiful beaded jackets he has for sale. Gary Atimoyoo V01eing his · concern for his people at the next North Battleford District Chiefs' meeting on behalf of Mosquito Reserve will be Solomon Mosquito. · Recently elected as Chief of the Mosquito Reserve, he ousted Art Beaudry as Chief. His closest opponent was Steve Moosomin, trailing by a very slim mar- Concern for others and the ability to assist other employees in their duties is the role a director . must play in any employment situation. Victor Thunderchild is assistant director of the Prince Albert Friendship Centre and with these abilities , he performs his job well. When he first began as assistant director in January , 1970, he was one of two staff members. He did volunteer court work as a courtworker program did not then exist. Formerly , a member of the Ba ttleford Police Force, he was the first Indian to ever join their forces . He has also had experience in the field of recreation and community work as he was once the recreation director for his home reserve of Thunderchild. April 1974 �The News Band takes control Band people research local hist ory for school texts James Smith Reserve - Three educational projects, all designed to further the James Smith Band in its efforts to have Indian control of Indian education, are to begin soon on this reserve. The projects involve curriculum development, individualized instruction catalogues , and teacher aide training. The project involving the development of curriculum materials will employ thirteen people and hopefully these will be band members. The people employed will be researching the local history and culture of the band. Later they will expand to Saskatchewan, Canadian and North American history and culture. The collected works will in- dent counselling methods. Also elude a variety of materials included is a series of classes such as readers, books, slide pertaining to Indian history and presentations , films, audio-visual culture such as Art, Music and aids , learning kits, picture col- Indian psychology. lections and others. The project After their one year of trainwill also work on the biographies ing plans are to start a branch of local band members. Martha of the Indian Teacher Education Constant, Cree cultural program Program on James Smith. LT.director and a James Smith memE.P. is a two and a half year ber , will be in charge of the project. training program currently offered on the U of S campus in Saskatoon by the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College. Many of the teacher aides have proven themselves to be good at teaching and would like to become certified. However, they do not want to leave their families and homes to go to Saskatoon. If the course can be offered on James Smith, many of the aides will take the teacher training . James Smith is attempting to have an equality of status and role between teachers and aides. 'They are not to be just assistants or hold secondary positions in the classroom. Depending on the individual aide ' s confidence (Continued next page) By Donna Pinay F.S.I. Reporter Scheduled to begin May 13th, the project will last one year and if it proves successful, will be extended an additional two years. Scheduled to begin May 6th is a teacher aide training program in which the sixteen aides, already employed by James Smith, plus another person, will train for one year. The program, totalling 1,225 hours of instruction, will consist of 75% instruction and 25% of time in the classroom . The trainees will not be taught in traditional teaching methods but as the James Smith students are taught. They will ·learn to use individualized instruction, projects and contract s. Course content for the training includes audio-visual methods, Cree language, teaching English as a second language , learning material preparation, classroom methodology , psychology and stuApril 1974 The Saskatchewan Indian Page 9 �The News ( Continued) and initiative they are encouraged to take part in the actual instruction and teaching. A summer project will involve seven teachers, seven teacher aides, seven students , two typists and one director compiling a curriculum catalogue . These people will be writing and developing individualized instructional projects in seven different subject areas. Work will be done in teams of three and each team will work in a certain subject area. All developed projects will be compiled in a catalogue. A contract is when each student chooses a project in a certain subject area and works on his own to complete the project in a given time. Before school begins this· fall, a teacher will visit the homes of each student and their parents. Together they will choose the contracts or projects the student will do throughout the coming school year. Over the year the teacher will involve parents and the student in review and follow-up of the contracts or projects . m with the implementation of these three projects, James Smith takes another step forward in involving the community and local people in educational matters.* Native tongues Illay he taught in school Winnipeg - Cree, Saulteaux and other foreign languages may soon be recognized and taught in Manitoba public schools if a Bill, recently ir.troduced in the Manitoba legislature, is passed . .French and English are currently the only languages taught in the Manitoba classrooms but according to Education Minister Ben Hanuschak , if the Bill is approved, it will amend the Public School Act and allow other languages to be taught. Page 10 The Sa ska tche wan Indian Dear Subscriber Because of rising costs, the Saskatchewan Indian has found it necessary to increase the price of its subscriptions. In the past year alone, the cost of paper has gone up an average of about 40 per cent, the price of inks increased about 25 per cent, and the price of photo products has increased about 35 per cent. Additional price increases are anticipated in the coming year. It is not our policy to make a profit off subscriptions and we have always tried to make the newspaper as readily available as possible by keying our subscription rates to the actual printing, handling and mailing costs. With the increase of these costs, however, we find it necessary to raise the subscription rate to sa.oo a 7ear This increase is effective May 1, 1974 and will apply to all new or re-newed subscriptions. We trust we can look forward to your continuing support. April 1974 . �The News Presentations made Students' achievement is f ecognized by band council ~~} .! Mistawasis - At a recent awards night on Mistawasis Reserve , the school students of the band received recognition for their efforts in remaining in ~chool and achieving high grades . .,, Albert Bear, Chief of John Smith Band, was on hand to present the students with cheques. He commented upon the high drop-out rate among Indian stugen ts and the role a community must play to help students stay in school. ·Only with encouragement and support from parents and local residents can students remain in school and further their education, he said. - Floyd Badger, Anita Ledoux, Irma Bird, Bruce Douquette, Lawrence Black, Audrey Pechawis, Melinda Ledoux, Donna Pechawis, Brian Ballantyne, Jane Pechawis, Edward Ledoux, Lester Pechawis, Leslie Douquette, ,beslila Sanderson, Roger Dani~ls, Darrel Watson, Edwin Le- doux, Horace Ledoux, and Jackie Johnstone were all presented with cheques and Easter eggs. These nineteen students are enrolled in elementary, jcnior high, North rn N tes It's muskrat time again and I am sure a lot of people have headed out to their traplines. Unfortunately, this year I will not get the opportunity to go to my folks trapline at Big Sandy so think of me when you are chewing on a muskrat tail ... Rhoda Hardlotte of Stanley Mission recently told me that ljke other places, about now Stanley is wet, muddy and dirty . . . I imagine as soon as it dries, everyone will be getting their rakes out. The La Ronge Band is already planning how it's going to organize a clean-up of their reserve ... Chief Myles Venne ~f La Ronge said they just finished an "air lift" of housing materials for seven new houses to Stanley Mission. Most of the northern settlements that depend · on their supplies brought in my transport trucks over winter roads will have to have them flown in this year due to the thin ice ... The opening date for the fishing season in the North is May 18 April 1974 and high schools in nearby communities. A delicious meal was prepared by the women of the reserve and many people turned out to honour the Warriors and students.• BY OAN BEATTY · fourteen days later than the southern management zone. According to the DNR, the reason for this is to protect fish during their spawning runs which are usually around the first few weeks in May . . . I was informed recently of the death of Mrs. Jeannie Morin, wife of Arthur Morin, former Chief of the Peter Ballentyne Band. I know a lot of us will miss her. Everytime we went to Southend, we would go to their place and they would open their doors in welcome. They would never let you leave their place hungry ... Apparently Arthur Morin is not well either and is presently in the hospital in Saskatoon. Hope he gets well soon ... Mrs. Albert Ratt is also in the hospital at Flin Flon. Chief Albert Ratt of Pelican Narrows said his wife is to get an operation and in the meantime, the Chief is babysitting one of their grandchildren who stays with them. That should keep him out of mischief or should I believe him when he says "I'm always good"! ! ..... The Saskatchewan Indian Page 11 �The News Including Sports' Reunion Full summer program ahead at P.A. Friendship Centre Prince Albert - With the budget for the new fiscal year approved, the Prince Albert Friendship Centre is in the process of planning and implementing a ser- ies of activities and programs for the Native residents of the city and surrounding district. Fastball teams for men and ladies will be formed and enter- 1'1ountie t;{~; Message f;e, ,~ ' _;~"';t, The Timber Bay Mission, located 12 miles north of the Meadow Lake Indian Reserve, is home of 68 Indian children from various points in northern Saskatchewan and is run by the Brethren in Christ Church. The children all attend the nearby Timber Bay School. As all main buildings of this establishment are heated by wood, cut by the staff as time permits, on March 1st, Corporal Bill Wynnychuk and Constable Jim Christie provided the Mission staff with their assistance in the woodland operation. The Mission's needs consume approximately 120 cords of wood yearly which taxes the energy of the five man staff - a fact well known by two wet and tired policemen after a day of felling, limbing and hauling timber . Last fall, Harry Belegarde, manager of the File Hills Warriors Senior Hockey Club, approached Corporal 'Hap' Armstrong and Constable Jack Briscoe, of Balcarres Detachment with a simple request. Would they be interested in coaching this hockey team through the coming wint~r? Without any hesitation they agreed on the job and began on a season of what resulted in the formation of a first class hockey team. With a weekly practice session and a game a week , the team set off to become the fin~t place club in the Qu' Appelle Indian Hockey League. Presently waiting to complete the league playoffs, the team decided to host the annual Indian Hockey Tournament, an event which was held in Balcarres, Saturday, March 2, 1974. Six teams participated in this event and some pretty good action was afforded the many enthusiastic spectators. After an exciting day, two teams emerged as finalists ... Regina Native Metals and the home Warriors. Showdown! A full house was on hand from the opening whistle and after three fabulous periods of hockey the teams were at a 4 to 4 tie and overtime was inevitable. Constable Andy Rayne of Balcarres De~chment was brought in from an early retirement to tend the nets ~o: thi~ tournament as Allan 'Tubby' Bellegarde had suffered a leg mJury m the regular season play. But all good things must come to an end and to our dismay Regina popped three quick goals past Andy to win the game 7 to 4. Trophies for the best player, top scorer and best goalie were presented to a most deserving threesome. It was a very good year and the Warriors plan on coming back next year to keep File Hills on the hockey map. Page 12 The Saskatchewan Indian ed in the local leagues. Practices are scheduled to begin this month. There is also soccer and fastball at the Student Residence. Other sports activities, driving lessons and films are planned. In May, a sportsmans reunion will be held for those who have participated in the various sports teams of the Centre. A banquet and dance will be held. The Prince Albert Indian Days , the Princess Pageant and week-end camping excursions are planned for June, and the Provincial Friendship Centre Golf Championship will be held in July. A sewing class of twenty ladies is in progress. The women will soon hold a fashion show displaying the clothes they have made in class. The youth club is also active and holds dances twice a month. Ping pong, pool and shuffleboard tables are used regularly and there are tournaments held . Saturday bingos will continue as will the Sunday pow-wow practices. The staff of ten also has a volunteer hospital visiting program where they take turns visiting patients who are lonely and enjoy a Cree conversation. Even before the snow has disappeared for this year the Centre has projected plans for next winter. Included in the list of activities are curling , hockey, snowshoeing, and cross-country skiing. The Courtworkers are busy. The need for such services has prompted another course in July and this will train several Native people in a manner similar to what the former students learnt. Barry Berglund, one of the Centre ' s courtworkers, will be setting up an office in Melfort as the need for this has warranted a permanent service in this town~ April 1974 �Aeross Canada Medical terllls useful in new Cree dictionary Edmonton - Indian patients, especially those who speak Cree exclusively have difficulty understanding medical terms when hospitalized or visiting doctors. Anne Anderson, a noted Cree language specialist, has written a dictionary which includes many commonly used medical terms. Cree is a very literal language and in her dictionary an X-ray is described as "being seen through'' and the womb as ''where life begins". Mrs. Anderson received assistance from elderly Cree people who were fluent in the language. Mrs. Anderson, manager of a Cree language school which has had nearly 450 students, believes the Cree language should be restored to its original form. Missionaries and others have written Cree dictionaries before but these have not been accurate. Native people to he adlllitted to Law Course Windsor - Native people meeting certain requirements will be admitted to the Faculty of Law at the University of Windsor, Ontario. Any Native person who has completed two years of university, passed the Law School Admissions Te st and taken the eight week "Legal Studies for Native People" at the U of S in Saskatoon will be admitted k the faculty. Minimum entrance requirements may be altered in special cases such as mature students with relevant past working experience and . performance. If a person is applying t~y should April 1974 include certain information ir, their application such as past working experience, education, and a statement as to why they want to study law. The Law Schools Admission Test will have to be written as well as an interview with an Admissions Officer. More information can be obtained from the Faculty of Law, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario. Trouble hits Hydro project at Jallles Bay James Bay, P .Q. - In the past few months, troubles have plagued the James Bay hydroelectric project quite regularly. Last month workers on the main construction site rioted and caused considerable damage to generators and other equipment. A fire broke out East.er weekend and caused damage to a $500,000 generator and destroyed a storehouse and garage containing spare tires and other supplies. To add to it all, the spokesman for the $6 billion project recently announced that costs will rise to an estimated $8 billion dollars due to inflation and high costs of contractors. M.P. questions lllonies spent on legal battles Ottawa - James Bay Indians were recently asked to explain how they spent the $2 million dollars provided them by the federal government to support their legal battle against a multibillion power project in the area. The request came from the Commons Indian Affairs Committee after Alexandre Cyr ( Liberal - Gaspe) questioned whether lawyers and other non-Indians were getting the most benefif from the federal money. Mr. Cyr wanted the suspending of any further grants to the Indians but was immediately informed by the Conservative and the New Democrat MPs that "they wanted no part of a fishing expedition or any action that might harass Indian legal actions." A legal representatives for the James Bay Indians, Moni4ue Caron, during a public rally said the money was spent "in many different ways'', including financing of environmental studies of the James Bay project, expenses of expert witnesses, and transportation and living expenses of Indian witnesses. Hearings begin on Native land claillls issues Yellowknife, N.W.T. - Hearings began recently in three northern communities regarding Native land claims and the proposed Canadian Arctic Gas pipeline. Mr. Justice Thomas Berger of the British Columbia Supreme Court will move on to Inuvik and Whitehorse in order to establish some procedure to be followed at hearings in the future. The Indian Brotherhood of the Northwest Territories and the Committee for Original People's Entitlement feel that a right of way for the pipeline should not be approved until the Native land claims are settled. They are not impressed with the number of jobs and feel the government will not be very anxious to negotiate land claims or settlements • if a pipeline is allowed to be built. Last year the territorial court rules that the Indians seem to have a good case when claiming the aboriginal title to over 400,000 square miles of land in the Mackenzie Delta. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 13 �The News Debts over $200,000 .. Gov't aid to fish co-op to end plant badly in debt Uranium City- The Department of Indian Affairs has emphatically stated they will not finance the Athabasca Native Fisheries Co-op Limited. Dan Genn, a senior public servant in the Department, made the statement at a meeting in Uranium City recently . .,.,. He said his department conducted a survey which showed 2,000 Indians are involved in primary fishing and only 100 in processing. The Athabasca Native Fisheries own a processing plant at the old Gunner mine site on Lake Athabasca. Mr. Genn pointed out that no five finished and there appeared one is benefiting from the grants to be very little local interest. and loans I.A.B. has given to the The Athabasca Native Fisheries Co-op for the processing plant. Limited owes Co-op Fisheries He said the Department will con- approximately $100,000 and Incentrate on thise Indians involved dian Affairs over $220,000, none in primary fishing rather than in of which has been repaid. the processing industry. Not only is Indian Affairs refusing to fund Athabasca - but Co-op By Ken Williams Fisheries Limited will not enter Moccasin Telegraph another management agreement In 1971 I.A.B. loaned the Atha- with Athabasca unless there is a basca Na ti-le Fisheries Ltd. guarantee the money advanced to $209,000 and gave them a grant the Native Co-op will be repaid. of $125,000. The Freshwater Fish MarketIn 1973 _another grant of $194,- ing Corporation is not in the pro000 was given to the Co-op from cessing business according to the Department of Indian Affairs. Peter Moss, Regional Supervisor The · first grant and loan was from Winnipeg, and therefore delayed because of red tape, they are not interested in taking therefore Co-op Fisheries Limithis plant over either. What the ted advanced some money to get F.F.M.C. can do he said is pro-· the operations started. vide technical help to those runThe first two years of operaning the plant and train the emtions weren't successful because ployees at F.F.M.C.'s expense. of low- volume and high costs toMr. Genn suggested that the gether with an outmoded refriAthabasca Native Fisheries Ltd. geration ,unit. give up the agency and hand it The grant given in 1973 was to over to someone who can handle cover the advances from CFL it. and losses incurred by the Co-op. He said Indian Affairs is interAt the same time, I.A.B. reested in the assets of the plant scheduled the payments of their because of the loans and will 1971 loan and arranged for a help facilitate a transfer of own$100,000 bank line of credit. ership to a new agent. The grant, however, didn't arrive It appears as if only treaty until .August, therefore Co-op Indian fishermen are involved Fisheries again advanced more with the processing plant but in money, and plans were made with fact they make up only 25% of Manpower to train Indians on the the fishermen on the lake. job in the processing plant. ThirThe new Chief of the Stony ty seven started training but only Rapids Band, Bill Stalthanie, Page 14 The Sa skatchewan Indian stated he could only speak for his people but he would like to make it clear they are ready to co-operate with all fishermen. He asked what would be the legal procedure to disband the present Co-op Board of the Athabasca Native Fisheries. "Is there any reason legally that the A.N.F., Co-op Board and the Uranium and Camsell Co-op Board could not work together. Although the plant had gone in the hole and the opera tiori seems to be floundering, I feel the local people could make it viable operation ;" he said. "If this plant is to be run by an outside organization with control bythe local people, then it would probably run at a larger deficit than it presently does." Chief Stalthanie reflected the · mood of the majority of the peo-· pie present when he said .the board should be representative· , of all fisheries and that maybe 1 in this respect the plant could function better.• · a College offers sullllller classes Tsaile, Arizona - Navajo Community College will hold a summer school at its new campus at Tsaile, Arizona June 10 to July 12, 1974. Indian Studies courses in Navajo language, siJ~ versmithing, weaving and , Navajo history and culture will be taught. Courses from the Liberal Ads will also be offered. · Anyone interested and wanting more information may write to: Registrar, Navajo Community College, Many Farms Rural Post ·omce, Tsaile, Arizona, 86503; or call ( 602) 724-3311. April 'i974 �Faulkner tells conference Indians - Metis must unite ·for communications funding Edmonton - Despite objections by the National Indian Brotherhood, Secretary of State Hugh Faulkner has announced the federal government will fund only Native communications projects directed at both Indian and Metis persons. Speaking to a Native Communications workshop in Edmonton recently, Mr. Faulkner said in future grants would be limited to only one group in each region: a group "serving all Canadians of Native origin." Under the criteria both the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians and the Metis Society of Saskatchewan would be ineligible f.or the grants as would the majority of Native organizations across the country. Recommendations along the The secretary of state has been lines of the N.I.B. proposal were a traditional source of grants to also made in a report prepared both Indian and Metis organizafor Mr. Faulkner by Jerry Kentions for the funding of such projects as newspapers, radio proney, a consultant on loan to the government from Be 11 Canada grams and television. The announcement brought heatLtd. While promising "that support ed reaction from the F.S.I. exeto hative newspapers would be cutive director Cliff Starr who our minimal response", Mr. called the new policy "just another Faulkner said "it was clear that attempt by the federal governthe federal government could not ment to force their programs on afford to give communications Indian people." equipment to all native organiza"The policy simply isn't flextions, all the Friendship Centres ible enough to do Saskatchewan and all the special interest groups any good, '' he said. The new funding policy is in such as youth and women." The government would consider defiance of recommenda tiom funding only "Resource Organimade to the State Department zations, that would carry out last year by the National Indian communications activities in coBrotherhood and contradicts reoperation with each and all of commendations made by the state the different groups," Mr. FaulkDepartment's own consultant. N J.B. had recommended a grant ner said. The resource groups would have~ formula that would recognize ato meet the following criteria, variety of regional needs and a he said. diversity of interests between - only one resource group would Indian and Metis organizations. be considered per region. The They recommended that grants regions would be determined by for communications projects be cultural, linguistic and geogramade directly to recognized Naphical factors but could extend tive organizations who would debeyond the borders of a procide for themselves the nature vince. and scope of their programs. - the group would have to be The N.I.B. proposal resulted sponsored by a service-orienfrom a workshop in the fall of ta ted group serving all Cana1972 that brought together redians of Native origin. presentatives from each Indian - there must be an attempt to organization in the country. April 1974 involve the private sector and there must be funding sources other than the federal government. - the groups would have to be prepared to lend any Native group such equipment as it may reasonably require. - the applications must come from persons directly involved with the group. Mr. Faulkner warned that there was little money available at present even for such groups and the financing of such groups would have to be staggered over a number of years. Although saying that funds could be made available to Native organizations to assist with newspapers, Mr. Faulkner said no monies would be granted for capital costs until the above criteria were met.• DNS announces 1500 new jobs for northerners Regina - A Bill that could create up to 1,500 new jobs for northern residents is presen~ being studied by the Saskatchewan legislature. Education Minister Gordon MacMurchy, acting Minister of the Department of Northern Saskatchewan, said if passed, the Bill would have a $5 million economic development fund under the DNS and create up to 900 new jobs. The other jobs would come from housing and construction funds included in the Bill. Ted Bowerman, Minister of the Department of Northern Saskatchewan, is presently ill. Tb~ Saskatchewan Indian Page 15 �''for two lovely weeks you enjoy the fresh clean air and the life of a trapper" --=:~::-:-,i.- ~ ~ .,..,----· --- �Spring-trap time for north ,.,.Springtime is a busy time for northern residents as they begin to prepare for the trapline" Even now that I am living in a city, one thing always comes to mind when spring rolls around. The season brings spring fever to most people and I am no exception. Each year I have this longing to go back to the days when I was still living at home in Deschambeault, going out to the trapline, missing a couple of weeks of school, and competing with my brothers and sisters over who would .catch the most muskrats. come. Around this time every year Usually, the best travelling conin most northern settlements ditions are on an early crisp where the people depend on trapspring morning while the snow ping industry for one of their still retains it's crust. Most main sources of income , the people in the north now use the parents will have a meeting with snowmobile for pulling their the school officials, informing load which will usually include them they wish to take their kids a small boat or canoe. The wife out for a couple of weeks to go trapping. By Joan Bea tty In anticipation of this request, F .S.I. Reporter both the teachers and students and children will ride, along would have worked hards for with the supplies, .on the top of weeks to make sure they are the sleigh. Before the snowmofully caught up or ahead in their bile was introduced in the north, school assignments. dog teams did the job just as : In great excitement , everyone efficiently. Maybe better because pitches in to help in preparation you didn't have to worry about of the trip, most of the time gas and it was much easier to being more of a hindrance than get out if you ever became stuck an assistance. Not only are the in deep snow or slushy ice conkids excited but so are the ditions. wives; even --though they try not Depending on trave,lling conto show it, since they usually ditions and the distance to your have to stay home with the trapline, it will take a day or children through mo st of the two to get there. The whole famischoo1 term. ly will enjoy this part of the The mother will usually busy trip - stopping and making a herself packing the bedding, camp fire and enjoying some clothes, and utensils while the bannock and tea in the spring father will go to the local Coweather as they make camp op or Bay store to charge up overnight. the groceries that will last the family for a couple of weeks. The list of graceries will include just the basic requirements like tea, sugar, flour, lard, and lots of salt since there will be lots of muskrats , ducks and fish to eat. Finally the day arrives and you ~re told to get up even though you've been awake almost all night waiting · for morning to April 1974 You finally arrive at the trapline's little log cabin , and one of the first tasks to to check if everything is the same as you've left it. The task now is to clean it up, unpack and prepare for the next day to go set your muskrat traps. For two lovely weeks , you for get about school assignments and enjoy the life of a trapper . Fresh clean air, and no air planes or cars. But as all good things must come to an end , the two weeks fly by. By this time, there are some open areas of water on the lakes and you have to watch where you are travelling, usually sticking close to the lake shore. Many times, everyone is put to work pushing the sleigh and canoe out of the slush or through an area on land where the snow has melted. If you are lucky, the ice will still be strong enough to enable you to use the snowmobile all the way home. But if not, that's where the canoe comes in, and alot of walking and pushing. You finally arrive back home , take a few muskrats to your grandmother, and for the next few weeks, brag to your school chums how many muskrats you caught, sporting brand new pants or rubber boots.• The Saskatchewan Indian Page 17 �Briefl,Anti-loiter law repealed at Battle£ ords North Battleford - An antiloitering bylaw, passed in March, 1972, was recently repealed by North Battleford City Council. The bylaw, one of the most co·ntroversial ever passed , has never had any charges laid under it in its two year history. Once termed by protestors as a '' racist law directed against the Indians who visit the city from nearby reserves" , the bylaw was passed to deal with loitering problems in a park and downtown areas. City Council sought the opinions of others and found the bylaw to be of Iittle or no value and probably never would be. However , the mayor of North Battleford said repealing the bylaw did not mean loitering was to be overlooked . McNab wins in Gordon's hand elections Gordon's Reserve - In band elections held recently on this reserve, the incumbant chief, Hilliard McNab, was re-elected by acclamation. Out of a total of eighteen hopefulls ten councillors were chosen. ·· Returned to the Councillor's positions were Thomas Bird, Henry Roberts, manager, is shown here selling a beaded purse to a couple of customers. The Northern Handicraft store is a co-operative of all Indian membership and stocks Indian handicrafts made by Indian people from all parts of Canada. These include beaded leather jackets, mukluks, beaded moccasins, birch bark, beaded brooches and necklaces, snowshoes, almost anything you can think of. Page 18 The Saskatchewan Indian Bryan McNab, Melvin McNab, William T. McNab, Wayne Morris, and William T. Morris. Newly elected were four councillors - Herman Blind, Frank M. Cyr, Henry Geddes and Dan Pelletier. For the first time in this reserve' s history, eighteen-yearolds and non-resident band members were allowed to vote. Out of a possible 414 votes, 132 turned up to cast their ballots. Many eligible voters are not on the reserve and could not return for the band elections. Slilll edge for • • 1Dosqu1to 1n chiefs race Mosquito - Elections for Chief and four councillors were recently held on Mosquito Reserve, 29 miles south of Battleford. Nominated to contest the Chief's position were six candidates: William Stone, Steven Moosomin, Leonard Wuttunee, Peter Moosomin, Solomon Mosquito, and Henry Beaudry. Also nominated were 10 candidates for councillor's positions: Paul Stone, Jenny Spyglass, Henry Bird, Clifford Bird, Francis Moosomin, Frank Moosomin, Martin Spyglass, Douglas Moosomin, Ernest Wahobin, Art Beaudry. There were four positions for councillors; Elections were slated for April 4, 1974, at the community's new band office and 90% of the eligible voters cast their ballots. Emerging victorious in a very tight race for Chief was Solomon Mosquito. He won over Steve Moosomin by a very slim margin of one vote , polling 22 votes as compared to 21 votes for Steve Moosomin. Elected were a new slate of four councillors: Paul Stone, Jenny Spyglass, Frank Moosomin, and Ernest Wahobin. April 1974 �Briell1 Northern group holds tour to educate South La Ronge - "Northern Voices", a tour designed to inform and educate southern residents about Northern Saskatchewan, was held recently in several Saskatchewan centres including Prince Albert, Saskatoon, Regina, Moose Jaw and Lebret. The participants were people from the North involved in and aware of events of the North . The ability of the Department of Northern Saskatchewan to build employee homes while neglecting Native housing needs, the lack of employment opportunities, the non-hiring of Natives in effective, decision-making positions and the inadequate health and welfare services were some of the problems mentioned. The ineffective welfare appeal board, high food and transportation costs, and the D.N.S.'s lack of consultation with Native people before implementing programs were also mentioned. "Northern Voices" appealed to Saskatchewan res1dents to help in setting the D.N.S. in the direction and manner it was supposed to operate and to help in getting the Churchill River study to allow funding for the Missinipe Committee to permit Northern SResidents to have more input into the study. Several groups lent support to "Northern Voices" and it will maintain and infor:mation service at Box 239, La Ronge, Sask. board voted to have nine teachers transferred from the Rossignal school. This resulted in a sitin by some community residents, protesting the transfers and forcing the school to shut down for a coupld of days. Education Minister Gordon MacMurchy has appointed Hugh Thompson, a regional superintendent with the education department, to act as mediator and to commence investigations into the dispute immediately. New auditoriulll gylllnasiulll for Sandy Bay Sandy Bay - A new auditorium gymnasium will be built for the school in this community. Government Services Minister John Brockelbank recently announced plans to secure tenders for construction during the next four months. A total of five such building projects in Saskatchewan were announced and the Minister said this will create nearly 50,000 manhours of employment in the construction fields. This will be worthwhile for the Sandy Bay Community and there is a shortage of employment in this area as in many northern centres. kindergarten classroolll for Kinistino reserve Kinistino Reserve - After much planning and work, Kinistino band has completed a new building for their kindergarten class. Children previously attended school in an old renovated building. The opening of the classroom took place earlier this month. Chief Tony Thomas performed the ribbon cutting ceremony with about 150 people in attendance. Ralph Alberts and Wally Walcer, of the Saskatoon District of Indian Affairs also atended. Kinistino kindergarten classes beg·m on the reserve nine years ago. There are presently 17 children enrolled and they are taught by Mrs. Lillian Abrahamson. Miss Karen Nippi, a member of the band, is a teacher's aide. Ile-a-la-Crosse residents hold school protest Ile-a-la-Crosse a dispute recently arose at the northern community of Ile-a-la-Crosse after a newly elected school April 1974 The streaking craze hit all of North America and a recent all native hockey tournament was no exception. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 19 �Briefly Driving course conducted at Sturgeon Lake Sturgeon Lake Sergeant Kevin O'Callaghan, member in charge of the Prince Albert R.C.M.P. Highway Patrol, conducted a three day defensive driving course on the Sturgeon Lake Indian Reserve recently. Fifteen residents of the Reserve received defensive driving cards and were joined in some lectures and lively discussions of the Liquor and Vehicles Acts by local residents and senior pupils of Mr. N.S. Bain's class. The course offered an opportunity to many of the people to discuss their opinions on driving and how some of their minor faults could be corrected. The program was sponsored by the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development and the defensive driving kit was on loan from the Prince Albert City Police. For first tillle court held on Patanuak Patuanak - As a result of a meeting some three months ago between Corporal Ed Servanievich, NCO in charge of Ile A La Crosse RCMP Detachment and J.B. Sand ypoint, Chief of the English River Indian Reserve at Patuanak, Saskatchewan, it was decided to approach Judge Robert P. Francis of La Ronge, the travelling circuit judge of the area, with the request that he hold Court on the Patanuak Reserve. Judge Francis agreed to hold a special Court sitting at Pa tanuak on February 22, 1974. A total of nine cases were heard including three tirals involving witnesses from the local RePage 20 The Saskatchewan Indian Front Row - left to right: Narcisse Daniels, Mrs. Marjorie Daniels, Mrs. Nellie Kingfisher, Joan Longjohn, Michael Daniels, Frank Eyahpaise. Back Row - left to right: Barry Kingfisher, Glen Kingfisher, Harold Roberts, Wesley Daniels, Chief Harold Kingfisher, Sgt. Kevin O'Callaghan (Instructor), Mr. N.S. Bains (Sturgeon Lake School Teacher). Missing: Richard Daniels, Vital Daniels, Harris Ermine, Robert Ermine. serve. The cases before the Court involved Break, Enter and Theft, Theft, Damage to Property, Assault and three cases of illegally having liquor on the dry Reserve. As this was the first time that Court was ever heard on the reserve, the court room was packed with young and old alike. Chief Sandypoint feels the day was a great success and that his people now have a better understanding of the law and what goes on in a court room. Court case to decide Indian tax exce1Dption Prince Albert - Income tax exemption for Treaty Indians in the future will depend largely on a test case now being tried in Ottawa. A staff member of the National Indian Brotherhood is being taken to court by court by the Department of National Revenue on the grounds that Treaty Indians working off the reserve pay income tax. An an annual meeting of the National Indian Brotherhood in August, 1972, at Edmonton, a policy was agreed on by members stating they would make no income tax deductions for their Indian Employees. According to Section 87 and 90 of the Indian Act, taxation exemp tions are allowed for " personal property of an Indian or band situated on a Re serve' ' and ' ' personal property purchased by the governmen t by Indian money or by money appropriated from Parliament for the use and benefit of the Indians''. Since September of 1972, Feder ation of Saskatchewan Indian staff has not been paying Income Tax. April 1974 �To Our Advertisers The Saskatchewan Indian's printing costs have increased dramatically in the past year. The cost of paper is up about 40per cent, inks are up about 25 per cent and photo products are up about 35 per cent. In addition the Saskatchewan Indian has gone to a smaller booklet format and improved the grade of paper it is printed on. For these reasons we find it necessary to increase the price of our display ads. Effective May 1, 1974 the following rate scale will be applied. General Advertising Rate $6.00 per eolumn ineh Full Page Ad Rate $140.00 Issued monthly, The Saskatchewan Indian has a circulation of about 14,500 copies. It is printed offset in a booklet format, the inside pages measuring seven inches wide by nine and one half inches deep. The page carries three columns, the width of one column being two and one-eighth inches wide; two columns are four and a half inches wide and three columns seven inches wide. Our halftone prints are shot with a 100 line screen. Closing date for advertising 15th of each month. submissions is the The Saskatchewan Indian is the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians. Advertising copy should be sent to: The Editor Saskatchewan Indian 1114 Central Avenue Prince Albert, Sask. �An Assinihoine _,,,.,,.- _ Legend , .-·· --- / ... ... as they went across the plains" Page 22 The Saskatchewan Indian April 1974 �An Assini•oine Legend WAH-GAN-KANA-TEE The Chief's beautiful daughter is the reward for the best warrior as the Assiniboine seek revenge from _the Piegan. The only son of an Assiniboine head chief was hunting when he was killed by a· Piegan war party. When such events happened, revenge was sought by sending our war parties. Rumours reported that the chief would ask the tribesmen to avenge his son's death by using the "Pipe of Chiefs", the most sacred rite. It was also said that the chief would ask for the best warrior to lead the party. This brave would be rewarded with having the chief's beautiful daughter as his wife. One morning the old chief came out of his lodge carrying the "Pipe of Chiefs". He went around the camp asking the people to avenge his son's death. The people felt sympathy for him but no one took the pipe. At last an old woman stepped out and took it from him. She did this for her grandson, Shagen, an orphan she had raised. The chief expressed his gratitude. The people of the camp were surprised. Some fel.t that Shagen had no right to the honour . This was because he had not been raised with a father. did no t know C ~I[~ !~ I ,}' '1J , . The old chief was not surprised as he knew that the Wakantanka had strange ways. He ordered that a lodge be set up for the young man to perform the rite. Shagen and four singers entered and began to smoke the pipe and sing. Shagen called for Wakantanka, who appeared to him in a dream. He told Shagen that four wolves would howl from the north, south, east and west. The howling wolves were heard and Shagen told of the bision that Wakantanka had given him. He had seen a vision of victory and many ponies taken from the enemy. As a result of his vision, the people accepted Shagen as their leader and great warrior to lead April 1974 the war party. Shagen was given gifts and looked after by the people. Every warrior wanted to go on the war party. They began to prepare themselves . On the set day, the war party travelled to the west. They looked very colourful and mighty as they went across the plains. After three days no enemy was sighted. On the fourth day Shagen sang the song of Wakan tanka: Warriors pursue glory and honour Through the hardships of the warpath Though death is often their only reward Listen now, men of this nation Be ready to fight fearlessly Because one of our warriors lies in death 'Far from us, his people. His vision told of the Piegan' s arrival to a nearby lake and they were setting up their lodges. In his vision, Wakantanka had told him, that of all the ho.rses taken, two were to be .Shagen' s. A grey horse with an antelope ear necklace around his neck and a reddish brown one with an eagle feather tied to its tail were to be Shagen' s. The scouts were sent out and ride back in a zigzag way. This was a sign that enemy was seen. As quickly as they could prepare, the Assiniboine warriors moved toward the camp. The battle was short and a great many ponies were taken. Shagen took .his two horses and everyone returned home victorious. Shagen married the chief's daughter . Years later , he took his father-in-law's place as chief and became famous as one of the great chiefs of the Assiniboine. At the spot of the Piegan's camp near the lake , there was an old woman in the battle whose spirit remained there. Whenever people stopped and camped there they could hear her singing a mournful song. As a result, the lake became known as Wah-Gan-Kana-Tee or Old Wives Lake. This lake is located about thirty miles southwest of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. From the book "Assiniboine Legends" published by the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 23 �The News Children ·write on ·education At a recent Education Week held at Piapot Reserve the students were asked to write about their attitudes towards education and their ambitions. Piapot Reserve - What does education mean to a child? An education week was held on the Piapot Reserve recently. The . school children of the Piapot Day School were encouraged to V\Tite essays about education and what it meant to them. Judging from the children's comments they feel education is a meaningful step towards future goals "when they grow up". The essays were V\Titten honestly and openly - in the manner only a child can V\Tite. Here are some of their comments. "I'd like to travel around the world and teach children to sing, to read, to write and to do Math and Spelling. Other children talk all different ways. And one day when I become a teacher I will teach children how to learn well." Hertha Papequash, grade two ffGood education gets you a good job. It also gets you through college. I like to be in school most of the time." Sharon Anaquod, grade three. "Mailmen have before getting a man has a good a good job you school." DwayneNoname, to be trained job. A mailjob. To have must go to grade three ffWhen I grow up I want to be a policeman. A policeman helps people. He protects people from danger. He makes sure that everything is going well. When I become a policeman I will work on Piapot Reserve." Kenny Papequash, grade two The grade one students have not yet decided what they want to be but in the essays they all liked school. ff/ like to play outside with Gloria. I like coloring too.• ~ Elizabeth, Fox, grade one ff/ like going t_o school." David Kaisawatum, grade one ff/ like school and I like to play with my friends." Eileen Desjarlais, grade one. The children are aware of their people's needs and many of their ambitions are to fill these needs on their reserves. ffMy ambition when I grow up is to study to become a lawyer. Indian people are in great need of getting lawyers to defend them in the courts. There are not very many Indian lawyers in Canada today." Walter Desjarlais, age ten ffWhen I grow up and pass all my grades, I want to go to university and study to be a teacher. If students don't get along with me, I'll have to get along with them." MarciaN ahnepowisk, age ten. Parents , teachers and others have duties and responsibilities to children so when they "grow up" they can become teachers, firemen, lawyers, farmers and whatever else the children want to be. It is also a necessity that the children receive the support and encouragement to remain in school and better their lives as well as their people's.* ffPlenty of water is the most important thing that is needed to put out a fire. Firemen work hard learning how to save people from burning buildings. They save many lives . There are no firemen on the reserves so when I grow up I'm going to be a fireman :" Roy Kaisawatum, grade three ffThe farmer has hard. The farmer busy man. I want farmer when I grow Calvin Kaisawatum, to work is a very to be a up." grade two Page 24 The Saskatchewan Indian April 1974 �The Saskatche Rated as one of the best Indian publications in North America, "The Saskatchewan Indian", is the united voice of Indian people in Saskatchewan. The Saskatchewan Indian Box 1644 Prince Albert, Saskatchewan I am enclosing $5.00 by cheque or money order for a one year subscription 112 issues) Please send it to: Name:------------------------Address: _ ______________________ _ --------------------------Postal Code:... ___________ - - - - - - - - - - - �The Indian Artists usleepiag - Graadmo t h e r H ~ A lle n Sapp -- Cdetail) -- of Sasl~atchewan · Page 26 The Saskatchewan Indian April 1974 . �··Gabriel April 1974 Dumo nt~~~ Raymond MeCall um A young Indian artist currently studying at the Cultural College in Saskat oon, Raymond McCallum, specializes in facial portraits. The careful rendering of the facial aspects in his portraits provide the viewer with his impr ession of the character of his subject. Raymond is a Cree from the Meadow Lake reserve . �Indian Artists A colour feature sponsored by the Saskatehewan Cultural Indian College paintings loaned courtesy of Dr . .John Warner Editor's note - Today an Indian artist is considered successful when he reaches the point where his work is given a showing in such large centres as Toronto, New York and London. Even the young Indian artist just building his reputation is forced to take his work to the larger urban centres and the professional art shop. There are no art galleries on Saskatchewan reserves and if there has ever been provision for travelling art exhibits to the reserves, we have yet to hear of it. The Indian artist's reputation , and his living , is made in the White Man's world and often word of his success does not even get back to his own people. It is with the intention of sharing with the Indian people of Saskatchewan the successes of Page 28 The Saskatchewan Indian some of their own artists that the Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College has helped to underwrite the costs of this special colour feature in the Saskatchewan Indian. We apologize in advance for not having included samples from all our top artists but space and costs simply would not permit it. We hope in future, however, to continue featuring the work of Saskatchewan Indian artists in the pages of the Saskatchewan Indian. A special thanks to Dr. John Warner, associate professor of sociology at the University of Saskatchewan, for writing the accompanying article with this feature and for loaning us the paintings featured . Thanks also to those artists who have also loaned us their work for this issue. April 1974 �lntrodnetion Painting has been and is becoming an ever more noteworthy aspect of the Saskatchewan Indian cultural scene. In recent years a number of very fine painters have emerged to attract attention not only in this province but in the rest of the nation and aborad as well. No doubt the most spectacular example of this has been the wonderful success of Allen Sapp's work in the art galleries of Vancouver, Toronto, Montreal, Los Angeles, and London, England. His artistic and financial achievements have shown that the production of Saskatchewan's native painters can be accorded world wide acclaim. This is a matter of pride for all Saskatchewan Indians. by Dr. John Warner Department of Sociology University of Saskatchewan Regina Campus Most prairie painting, particularly that in Saskatchewan, tends to be realistic in character. That is to say, the art work portrays people and things as they really are. That is especially so with regard to the faithful reproduction of nature scenes. Sometimes, as in the case of Allen Sapp, there will be some impressionist technique which overlays this sense of realism in the painting. Nonetheless, most Saskatchewan painters prefer to render stories and scenes as they might actually appear in true reality. This realism is the product, in part, of an exposure to the popular art of the white man's world. Ever since the fateful trips of such white artists as George Catlin, Carl Bodmer, and Paul Kane to the Plains area in the 1830s and 1840s, the painting of Plains artists has tended to become ever more realistic. With the advent of reserve life and the partial deculturation of once nomadic tribes, their arts - as with other elements of their culture - have experienced the effect of culture contact with a surrounding white milieu. The omnipresent examples of the white man's creativity - particularly with respect to European realism and romanticism - were not without effect on the imagination of Plains Indian painters. But Plains artists have taken this kind of realist perspective and the concept of art for art's sake and wedded it to a unique imagination of their own. The hybrid form of art which results from this fusion is one with whole new dimensions of meaning and beauty. I might say that the whole is definitely greater than the sum of its parts. Some art critics have alleged that Saskatchewan Indian painting is indistinguishable from white counterparts. I do not think that such a statement is entirely accurate. No non-Indian would have quite the same feeling for color, nature, and Indian life as the native painters themselves. While there are similarities to the work of white illustrators, the differences are of an important order. Indian pai~ting, generally speaking, is making April 1974 great strides right now in Canada. In Manitoba, for example, a number of native painters have joined together in order to form an Indian 'Group of Seven' association: Daphne "Odjig" Beavon, Norval Morriseau, Carl Ray, Jackson Beardy, Eddy Cobbiness, Alex Janvier, and Sanchez. Together they will seek to market their works throughout Canada and the world and promote an awareness of this great Indian heritage. While important progress has been made of late, Canada has been slow to recognize the talent and achievement of its native painters. While the Indian Pavilion at Expo '67 did contain the works of a number of artists, the National Gallery in Ottawa still does not own or exhibit any works by Canadian native peoples. This will have to change. Saskatchewan painters might be well advised to follow the example of their Manitoba colleagues. Many painters in this province still rely upon trying to sell their own work by themselves and this is a difficult and awkward thing to have to do. Most painters are not businessmen and do not always know how to deal with a sometimes bewildering and complex white world. This will have to be remedied. After all, when an Indian painter produces canvases, he is in the white art world in a defactor sense and most ( if not virtually all) of the customers for his work are white. It is a strange anomaly that Indian people themselves, for whatever reasons, do not seem to own many works of their own artists. Therefore, insofar as being a painter automatically connotes dealing with the white marketplace, I think it would benefit Saskatchewan artists to have more effective ways of dealing with that world. Today the subject matter emphasis for most artists is upon nostalgie remembrances of the historic past and nature scenes. Even Sapp's efforts to recall the real life of his people on the reserves of the Battlefords' area of a few years ago are not common as yet. Much less, there is little in the way of what we might term contemporary social commentary in painting - such as that which might deal with problems like poverty, health, alcoholism, Indian militance, and so on. As J. J. Brody has pointed out in his book, Indian Painters and White Patrons, it would seem that in the future we will witness much more of this kind of art as a younger generation of painters comes to maturity in new times. Certainly the FSI's Indian Cultural College in Saskatoon may have a very worthy contribution to make regarding the training and encouraging of the next generation of native painters. Under the guidance of excellent artists like Sarain Stump, many new and exciting things are promised for the future. Be that as it may, what we have now is an art output worthy of respect and appreciation by all. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 29 �~ ~ ...... •• ~ • •• .....•• .IaqsJ~ p~o,uus •• ~pooa aqJ DJ u111n1nv !t!t �··Qa!, Appelle Valley in the \Vinter!J!t Laeihelle Sorenson The great granddaughter of Chief Dan Kennedy, Lucibelle Sorenson likes to recreate scenes from the past in her paintings. She generally paints prairie scenes from Carry The Kettle reserve, and does a few mountain scenes when requested to. ( left) A Cree Indian from Gordons Reserve , Sanford Fisher has a very natural talent. Although he has no formal training, he paints beautiful scenes about the Indian past. He is a romantic painter with a distinctive technique for mixing color and a unique imagination of his own. Sanford began painting a few years ago with his right arm. Then because of a gun shot wound, he had to switch to his left arm. He switched back to his right arm when his left arm was amputated because of cancer. Even after all the trouble with his arms, Sa~ford's painting technique did not alter. April 1974 They are even more brilliant now than before. Recently, he began painting scenes from his own life on the reserve where his 8 children now attend the school. Sanford himself resides in Regina, where he does a wide range of paintings to accommodate his customers. In August 1973, a group of people from Regina visited China and presented one of his paintings to the Chinese. The painting, of his own people at work, was presented by Rose and Rod Bishop and· now hangs in the Minorities Institute, Peking. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 31 �Tommy Charles, a twenty-one year old Native of East Trout Lake , has recently enrolled in the art classes at the Saskatchewan Indian College to further his artistic training. Tommy already has training from Banff School of Fine Arts . He also taught art at the Art Centre in Prince Albert. Tommy, totally blind in his right eye, enjoys using all types of medium. His pictures favour northern wilderqess landscapes and abstracts. Page 32 The Saskatcbewan Indian April 1974 �Indian Artiids Lucille Bell has been working with ink portraits, sketching and painting for the last five years. She has had experience as a commercial artist for three years. Lucille and her husband Ron both study at the University of Saskatchewan in Regina. She is enrolled in a four-year Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree program. Originally a member of the John Smith Band, Lucille is employed as a Saskatchewan Indian reporter for the Regina-Ft. Qu' Appelle areas but continues her art work in her spare time. April 1974 The Saskatchewan Indian Page 33 �Mike Lonechild, 17, from the White Bear Reserve, is a student at the Student's Residence on Gordons Reserve. His paintings are of traditional scenes and tend to be realistic with a heavy overlay of impression that is very pronounced. •• Abandoned Ho111e!J! Miehael Loneehild �••pow Wow~~~ Henry Originally from the Poundmaker Reserve, Henry Beaudry is a great grandson of Chief Poundmaker. He is a self-taught artist who prefers to work on smooth surface boards. He is interested in history and enjoys painting of the life of the Plains Cree of the past. His paintings are very realistic and show great originality. Henry was in the World War II, as part of the Italian campaign. He was captured by the Germans outside Venice and was a prisoner of war until the end when he was liberated. He is the official flag raiser at patriotic functions in the North Battleford area. Henry now resides on the Mosquito Reserve , his wife ' s home reserve. Beaudry �• c :-- , · ,--~ . - '!" . Noel Wuttunee, from the Red Pheasant Reserve, has been a professional artist for several years. He now operate s his own art gallery in Winnipeg. Page 36 The Saskatchewan Indian April 1974 �Indian Artists paintings next page While on a dance tour in Europe, Wayne Goodwill visited the Museum of Man in Paris and was inspired by their display of hide paintings. With the help of John Warner, Wayne learned the technique of painting on hides and has since become very successful. He also does oil painting on canvas and is successful ath both. m wayne, a Sioux Indian from the Standing Buffalo Reserve, is on the band council there, welfare worker on the reserve, and he farms his own land. A . champion Pow-Wow dancer, he travels to numerous pow-wows with his wife and two children. Allan Sapp is a Cree Indian from the Red Pheasant Reserve where he was raised by his grandmother. As a child, he spent a lot of time· in hospitals and at home recuperating from spinal meningitis. He spent a short time at Onion Lake School but he rejected the whiteman's knowledge and returned home to his grandparents. Later he married Margaret Paskamin of Sweetgrass and moved to North Battleford where he began to paint. He learned to paint with the help of Mrs. Elaine Berrymen, owner of an art shop. She taught him the rudiments of oil painting. He sold paintings from do6r to door until Dr. Allen Gonner of North Battleford became his manager. He began to receive tutoring from Winona Mulcaster, a Saskatoon artist, who helped him to per- April 1974 feet his techniques, but not alter his fundamental style. Allan developed confidence in his style and has had many successful e~hibitions of his work in Toronto, Los Angeles and London, England. Due to the e·xcellent promotion of his work, Allan is becoming very well known as an a_rtist. He is a pioneer of Indian art in Saskatchewan and has opened the door for many others. He has brought attention and legi'timatized Indian art in the province by his success. In his painting Allan portrays a remembrance of his childhood years during the 1930's and 1950's in the Ba ttleford area. His work is easily recognizable by his style. His paintings are realistic and suggest forms and shapes rather than pronouncing them. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 37 �Ill J - I I I• d w 0 0 G e n y a w ••The Sioux Entry into Canada " 1877" " �'-'-Went to get _so1ne wrater 99 Allen Sapp �Bevie-.rs Kids enjoy "Alien Thunder" The Piapot School Committee took their school children to Regina for the movie recently it turned out to be a thoroughly enjoyable event. The School Committee of the re serve - recently sponsored a trip to Regina for the students of the Piapot Day School. "Alien Thunder" the recently released movie about Almighty Voice of the One Arrow Reserve near Duck Lake, was viewed by the students of grades one to nine. Upon returning from viewing the movie, they wrote reviews about " Alien Thunder". It is obvious that they· enjoyed the show. These are excerpts from some of their reviews. Piapot Reserve - Alien Thunder was a good movie; I really enjoyed seeing it. The teachers from our school hired a big bus from E.K. Warrger Bus Lines and took all the school children from grades 1 - 9 into Regina to see the movie. We realy enjoyed seeing the show because there were some Indian people in it that we know. Chief Dan George came to our reserve three years ago. The Indian actors in the movie certainly did a fine job. On the other hand , I felt sad that there was so much killing and brutality in the film. I didn't think it was fair that Almighty Voice should be murdered because he killed a cow to feed his family. People should try to be fair. This was a sad show for the children to see but they also enjoyed seeings parts of it. Especially the good acting of the Indian people . Barry Amaquod These are my thoughts of Alien Thunder: I think that Alien Thunder was quite a good show. The only part I didn't like was when the policeman was swearing at the Indians. Also were Almighty Page 40 The Saskatchewan Indian Voice took his wife out of the teepee with the guard watching. I think he slipped her through under the teepee. Also where they were making the noises like birds, at first I thought they were real birds until I saw the man on top of the teepee whistling with his hands on his mouth. I felt sad at the end of the show, that Almighty Voice died so young. He might have done so much for his people, if he had lived longer . By Dawn Fourhorn Grade 5 Alien Thunder was a good show. I liked the part when he fell of the cliff and shot the policeman in the arm. Almighty Voice wa ; a very good shot. I did not lik c the part when Almighty Voice and his friends were killed by a cannon in a bush. One gave up but was shot by townsfolk when he was running away. I did not like Donald Suther land; he kept swearing at Almighty Voice. It took 100 policemen to kill 3 Indians. Chief Dan George was acting as Sounding Sky. I really like the part when Almighty Voice smoked out Donald Suther land . He put grass in the stove pipe and it smoked him out. I felt very humble at the end of the show. Walter Desjarlais Age 10 NATIVE STUDENTDAYS !he Ind_ian Social Workers Education Program is sponsormg Native Student Days on May 24th & 25th in Saskatoon. These are for all High School, Technical or University students in Saskatoon. Plans Include: FRIDAY, MAY 24th NATIVE TALENT NIGHT INDIAN-METIS FRIENDSHIP CENTRE SASKATOON Cash prizes for contestants Admission: $1.00 per person - under 12 free SATURDAY, MAY 25th Ball Tournament and Weiner Roast Transportation will be supplied from lndian-Metis Friendship Centre to Tournament Students are encouraged to enter teams 9:00 P.M. Dance Friendship Centre, Admission $1.50 For more information: Peter Cote c/o Indian-Metis Friendship Centre Saskatoon April 1974 �Reviews Church schools "Savages" The harsh life of the old-time mission school and its attempt to rrde-Indianize" the Indian, subject of book. "Geniesh" is a recently released book by Jane Willis, a half-Cree Indian who grew up at Fort George in the James Bay area of Quebec. It is a personal story about Jane or Geniesh's life in residential school and her attempts to further her education. The author describes her early childhood with the grandparents who raised her. Geniesh experiences the good things in life and leads a carefree childhood. Her problems begin when she enters the local Anglican residential school. With shorn and Kerosene torial approaches of the school soaked hair and oversized clothes staff and Indian Affairs personGeniesh comes to the realization nel, Geniesh has difficulty reashe is an Indian. The staff treat lizing she is a person. She has the children as if they are someBy Donna Pinay thing less than human. The staff F.S.I. Reporter also does their thinking for them and governs their lives. Life learned to associate Indian with becomes rigid. There is a time inferiority. The predjudices of to eat, to wash, to go to the bathfellow white students only reinroom, to sleep, to play and to force this belief. talk. A summer visit home to Fort The children of this school, as George only adds to her confuin other residential schools, sion. For the first time in her of the time, were forbidden to life Geniesh sees the poverty speak their Native tongue and her people live in. She sees but told to forget their people's cannot accept many of the things teachings. They begin to regard she did as a child. She also rethe minister as a god. White ceives a marriage proposal from people are assumed to be superthe parehts of an eligible bachehuman. In their minds white lor but refuses. She does not people are germ-free, sin-free, want a life of endless child bearand lead lives of absolute pering and remaining in Fort George. fection. They are taught that She wants to complete her high their people are dirty, gullable, school and take nursing. and have very slight cha.nee of Geniesh returns to school but ever reaching heaven. can no longer stand the treatment With the sub-standard resishe receives at the residence. dential school education she has She takes employment as a maid to work hard to keep up with in a tourist camp and meets the other white students in her Bud Willis, the man she evenclass. Her hard work and detertually marries. In the fall she mination pay off and she attains completes a short dental assisan 'A' average. She is told she tant's course, realizes she must must set an example to other return to high school, and is students as well as the white denied help from Indian Affairs. people. And yet she is treated She then marries Bud. like a child without a mind. Jane Willis states that it took The author describes the conher years to overcome her many hangups about being an Indian. fusion and the misunderstanding She was told to make something she encounters while at school. After experiencing the dictaof herself and when she did not April 1974 they said "What do you expect from an Indian". The book is well-written. Jane Willis uses Cree dialogue but answers or narrates in such a way that one can understand what has been said. There is some humour in the book - mainly when she tells of past experiences as a child or as a bewildered teenager in the big city. It is a warm story and she mentions her family and the others at home quite regularly. Anyone who attended residential school will be able to identify with much of her story. And for those who do not understand why so many Indian students dropped out of school it should bring to light many of the injustices students had to put up with. For those who do not understand what religion or fear of God has done to the Indian, the minister's ways and means of Christianizing should be studied. It also shows how the people who "went to help the savages" treated the Indian people. Today the James Bay people are still living in a manner similar to what Janes Willis describes in her book. * The Saskatchewan Indian Page 41 �Sports Tourney at Battlef ords Gordon's downs Regina for Centre's 74 championship one of the more prolific goal North Battleford - Gordon's Goldenhawks carried away the 1974 scorers on the club. championship from the 9th Battleford ' s Friendship Centre's Annual AU-Native puck tourney by defeating Regina Native Metal 9-8 in the Frank Carriere put Regina championship final March 24 at Civic Centre . ahead at the 3:21 mark in the The two-day tournament involved 12 teams , 11 of them from second period to increase its centres in Saskatchewan, with the outside entry from Winterburn , lead. However , then the GoldenAlberta. hawk s at the 13:25 mark caught fire , scoring four unanswered tier who also collected an assist While Gordon ' s walked away goals in a five minute span , after in the game. with the tournament championthat it was Gordons all the way . August George, who is well ship, Mistawasis defeated Ile-aEach club scored twice in the known for his hockey exploits in la Crosse by a score of 16-2 to third period , with August George the North Battleford area , had win the consolation title. netting his third goal at the three goals and three assists by Archie King 10:38 mark for the qualizer forcfor the Regina team. Frank CarF .S.I. reporter ing the 10-minute overtime. riere, Clarence Norton, and Billy Mistawasis lost their first Joey Desjarlais scored on a Desjarlais each chipped in with game against Regina Native Meneat setup from Dennis Pelletier a goal and assist while George tal 5-1 to retire to the consolaat the 2: 52 mark to give Gordons Bellegarde and Alvin Norton tion side where they defeated the upper hand , but Regina equarounded out their attack. Winterburn 4-3 and Sturgeon Lake lized matters when George BelleRegina appeared enrou te to a 14-5 enroute to the final game. garde ' s hard shot found the mark rather easy victory . They outEric Pechawis scored five goals at 6: 11. High-flying Desjarlais scored Gordons 4-1 in the first to lead Mistawasis in the final connected again from close in period as they took advantage of win while teammates Joe Mike when he took Pelletier ' s lead the fact that the Goldenhawks scored four goals, Vern Johnpass and beat Ray Kaisowatun regular netminder was not with ston and Clarence Martain two with a well placed wrist shot on the club along with Charlie Cyr, (Continued next page) goals each and singles by Russel Ahenakew, Greg Wolfe, and Lester Ledoux. John Daigneault and Robbie Gardiner scored for Ile-a- la Crosse :· Gordons proved to be a powerful opponent in the tournament scoring a total of 28 goals in three ·· games .. Gordons defeated Buffalo Narrows 13-1 in the opener and went on to win 6-2 over Patuanak and 9-8 in overtime over Regina. Joey Desjarlais and Dennis Pelletier were the two big guns for the. winners . Joey , who finished as the tourney's leading scorer potted five goals including the winner while teammate Dennis came up with a seven-point performance including three goals. Their only other goal Gordons Goldenhawks, winners of All-Native Hockey Tournament. came off the stick of Ivan PellePage 42 The Sa skatchewan Indian April 1974 �Sports ( Continued) which the sprawling Regina goalie had no chance. It came at the 8:46 mark. Referee Bob Colliar assessed 9 of 11 minor penalties to Regina with each club getting one major as a result of a fight that broke out between Joey Desjarlais and Alvin Norton just after the winning goal had entered the net. This marked the third consecutive year the Gordons Goldenhawks have taken the championship. AWARDS Best goalie: Ray Kaisowatun , Regi1a Native Metal ; best defenceman: Roland Desjarla is, Gordon's Goldenhawks ; most gentlemanly player: Clarence Martain, Mistawasis ; high scorer , Joey Desjarlais , Gordon' s Goldenhawks , 11 goals , five assists); most valuable player: August George , Regina Native Metal. Molson' s Tournament All-Stars Goalie, Ray Kaisowatun , Regina Native Metal; defencemen , Roland Desjarlais , Gordon's Goldenhawks and Roy Atcheynum , Meadow Lake North Stars ; centre, Joey Desjarlais, Gordon's Goldenhawks ; forwards, Paul Dubray , Meadow Lake North Stars and Claren ce Norton , Regina Native Metal. Joey Desjarlasis, Gordons Goldenhawks, receiving a trophy for high scorer. SPORTS Commentary Questions have been asked as to the rules and regulations the Saskatchewan Indian Summer Games on August 16, 17, 18, 1974 at Cote Reserve will follow in each event. First of all who will compete in these events? Registered Saskatchewan Treaty Indian boys and girls who are of Bantam age are the only ones eligible in all but one event. The exception is Boxing. The Provincial regulations stipulate that the Bantam age group must be fourteen years of age as of December 31, 1973. In boxing Junior Open and Novice fighters will be able to compete. In Boxing there are only two kinds of age groups, the senior and junior . The junior must be 15 years of age or under on December 31, 1973. These are the rules and regulations applied by the Saskatchewan Amateur Boxing Association who will sanction the boxing events this summer . By the way, all events will be officiated by the Saskatchewan Provincial Amateur Sports Association. All events will be as neutral as possible . The track n' field events are: foot races, 50 meters, 100 meters , 200 meters , 400 mete r s, 800 meters, 1500 meters and the 400 meter relay race; running long jump, the triple jump , high jump, shot put,..javelin and discus. The Saskatchewan track n' field Association advised that everything should use the metric system of measures. It seems that all Track n' Fie ld Associations i.n Canada have adopted this world system. April 1974 by LLOYD BRASS Eacp. area will have their own playoffs in all these .events . Only the area winners of each event in the team sports will be represented. All area playoffs should be finished by July 26, 1974 with the results sent into the Cote Band Office in care of the Summer Games Committee. In Boxing all boxers will go through trials at the summer games . Area playoffs are not necessary. Due to a lack of funding by our governmental sources, the summer games committee agreed that there will be no A and B category as determined by population. The reason is the time allotted to play off all these games would take longer than the allotted three days. For example a six team round robin series for basketball itself alone is a total of 30 games. That means a total of 60 games for both boys and girls. · That's a lot of hours of basketball to go through if a regulation time limit is applied. All reserve representatives in the line of recreation are urged to attend a clinic to be held at Badgerville from June 10 to June 14, 1974. This clinic can be very valuable for learning the techniques of experts in the preparation of your athletes for the summer games. To avoid conflicts on the question of age and treaty numbers each athlete will be compelled to produce a treaty card. All the information is plainly written '>n these cards. You may get them through your nea re st Indian Affairs office. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 43 �Sports Hoopers glory in two day P.A. basketball tourney Prince Albert One of the finest exhibitions of basketball ever was recently staged in a senior men's basketball tournament at the Prince Albert Student Residence with five teams from Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan taking part in the competition. This is Warner Goodvoice, ·who helped organize the basketball tournament at the P.A. Student Residence According to Warner Goodvoice, who played for the team from the Prince Albert Indian and Metis Friendship Centre and who works at the Student Residence, "The quality of basketball was excellent, as was the sportsmanship. There was very little skippy basketball.'' Warner noted that the Molson Canadians from Saskatoon, who placed second in the Senior 'A' league finals in Saskatchewan, participated in the tournament, , placing third. "So you can see the quality of basketball it was," he said. There were some good individual efforts during . the games. Larry Smith from Cluny, Alberta, scored 124 points in four gamer and his team mate, Stan McMaster scored a total of 115 points in Page 44 The Saskatchewan Indian four games. Although there were many stars during the whole tournament, there were only so many trophies. For top scorer, the trophy went to Larry White of the Cluny team, who also took with him the Most Valuable Player Award. The Most Gentlemanly Player trophy was presented to Joe Naytowhow, who played for the team from the Prince Albert Indian-Me tis Friendship Centre. Top scorers for the Prince Albert Friendship team included Warner Goodvoice and Don Bird, placing well ahead in the top ten scorers category of the whole tournament. The team from Alberta emerged victorious claiming five out of nine trophies including the Championship trophy. The Prince Albert Coronets placed second, Molson Canadians third , the P.A. Friendship Centre fourth, and the Winnipeg Bucks finished last. Warner said that the team from Winnipeg gave a good accounting of themselves since they only had six players to play in four games in two days. The two-day tournament was sponsored and co-ordinated by the Prince Albert Indian Student Residence.* The snow was barely gone when the above children, of Lebret School, were playing baseball. April 1974 �Cl1l.rJUftlflG The Saskatchewan Indian's colouring contest is open to all Indian children in Saskatchewan 10 years of age and under. To enter simply colour the above picture with pencils, crayons or paints and send to: The Editor Saskatchewan Indian 1114 Central Avenue Prince Albert, Sask. Winners will be chosen by the Saskatchewan Indian Arts and Advisory Council. First Prize $50 Second Prize $30 Third Prize $15 �Sports Special guests attend Tribute to Paul John at La Ronge hockey banquet La Ronge - A hockey banquet , sponsored by the Lad La Ronge Band, was recently held in recognition of its team , the Kitsaki Bruins. It was also a tribute in memory of the late Paul John, who was one of the best playen of the team. by Joan Beatty F .S.I. reporter Paul John, better known as '' P J." was killed in a crash of the D.N .S. airplane he was piloting last December enroute from La Ronge to Cumberland House. Trophies were presented to various players of the team by Ray Ahenakew, Director of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians Sports and Recreation Program, by Chief Myles Venne, Mary ·Jane John, a sister of "P. J. ' s", and Mrs. Paul John. For the Best Defenceman trophy, Jonas Charles took the honours. Henry McKenzie was given the Best Forward Trophy. Top Scorer Award went to the Captain of the team , Art Roberts, and the most Valuable Player Award went to Russel Charles. The Most Gentlemanly Player Award which is now known as The Paul John Memorial Trophy, went to Solomon Charles and was presented by Mrs . Paul John. In a touching ceremony a beautiful plaque in memory and re cognition of ' ~P.J .'s" hockey talents , was presented by Mrs. Paul J ohn by Captain Art Roberts . Pe ter Ross, Master of Ceremonies for the evening, said P. J . wa s one of the best players the team had. "I know because I coached the team when he was playing," he said. According to Solomon Charles, Page 46 The Saskatcbewan Indian chairman of the La Ronge Recreation Committee , a hockey banquet will be held every year from now on. "Tr ophies will be awarded annually including the Paul John Memorial Trophy," he said. The trophies were donated by the Lac La Ronge Band. Solomon said the Kitsaki Bruins play exhibition games with teams mostly from the Prince Albert area which include Montreal Lake , Prince Albert, Southend Reindeer and Sturgeon Lake. "We made it to the FSI Semi- finals for area Four,'' he said. The delicious food served at the banquet was sponsored by the La Ronge Band and catered to by the new La Ronge Northland Hotel. Sam Hardlotte of La Ronge also added his talents to the evening by singing a few country and western songs. All in all, for being the first banquet held by the Recreation Committee, it was very successful and enjoyed by everyone who was there. ,Jt Golden Hawks take tour ney The Federa tion of Saskatchewan Indians Senior "A" hockey championship was won by the Gordon's Golden Hawks with a 7-3 win over the Fort A La Corne Raiders recentl y. The Game was played in the Badgerville Arena on the Cote Re serve before a di sap pointing crowd of 300 people . It was anticipated that at least 1,000 people would have shown up for the game . Dennis Pelletier and Charlie Cyr scored two goals each for the winners while Eddie Bitter nose, Lloyd McNab and Winston Gordon scored one each . Ron Burns scored two goals and Malcohn Constant one each for the Raiders. Lort-A La Corne recei ved 8 of the 13 penalties. The Most Sportsmanlik e award was won by the captain of the Golden Hawks, Dennis Pelletier . The game was one of reversals. In the first period Gordon's dominated the play and ended up with a 4-1 lead. However, it was James Smith's turn in the second period during which they scored two unanswered goals. The score was 4-3 in favor of Gordon's going into the third , period and at the fifty second mark Dennis Pelletier scored his second goal of the game and from that point on Gordon's were in command. The Golden Hawks scored two more goals off the stick of Cyarlie Cyr and held .their rivals scoreless in that period. This is the second time in the four year history of the Senior "A" playoffs that Gordon' .s have won the Senators Trophy.• April 1974 �Sports Mistawasis warriors heros at hand sponsored banquet The Mistawa sis Warriors finished the 1973 season winners of the Northern Lakes League , which consists of six teams. Our team wa s in fourth place but managed to beat the leaders , the Rabbit Lake team , who were in first place. The Shell Lake team was the next team we had to play to end the hockey season as winners. By Mrs. Marianne Johnston The Mistawasis Warriors consists of Team rep. John Duquette; Coach Secretary Treasurer Leonard Johnstone , Alvin Johnstone, Kenneth Johnstone , Ar thur Ledoux, George Daniels , Herby Daniels , Dean Watson , Grant Bird, Bill Badger , Harv Sanderson, Marcel Doquette , Garry Dreaver , Greg Wolf, Gilber t Ledoux and Eugene Ledoux. The last three were from a neighbouring re serve and were a big help to us. Vern Johnstone was vote most valuable player to his team by the teams of the Northern Lakes League. Eric Pechawis was a great help all season making phone calls and getting exhibitions games to help keep our team in shape. that love hockey and that are proud of their team. The Mistawasis hall was lovely decorated and plaques were given to all the hockey players. Clifford Starr , Boris Sidorick , President of the Northern Lakes League , Anglican minister Rev . Hawe were a few of the invited guests that came to the banquet and who helped make it a success. I, personally would like to thank everyone - Shellbrook merchants, The Mistawasis Warriors, honoured recently by their band at a banquet and dance in the Mistawasis Hall. Boris Sidorick, President of Northern Lakes League, brings congratulations to Mistawasis. April 1974 Calvin Sand was also a big help by taking passengers to our games and cheering our team on to winning the series. Eric Pechawis , Leonard Johnstone and Elmer ·Badger will all be returning next hockey season . The Warriors wound up the season with a Dine and Dance Banquet made by interested women M&S Hardware, Macleods, IGA and Shellbrook Cafe for donating $5.00 each , and Mr. and Mrs. Belyk from Leask for donating towards our hockey club. I would also like to thank all the people that came to our banquet, from the reserve , Leask, Spiritwood, Prince Albert and Sturgeon Lake,. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 47 �Sports Muskeg Lak~e victorious in Provincial championships Gil Ledoux with a hat trick and 2 assists sparked the Muskeg Lake Blues to an 8-6 victory over Little Black Bear on Saturday, April 5 to win the F.S.I. Senior B. Prov. Championships at Fort Qu' Appelle Arena. By Ivan McNab Moccassin Telegraph Eugene Arcand of Muskey Lake opened the scoring race at the 9: 43 mark of the first period and less than 2 minutes later Roy Sanderson made it 2-0 for Muskeg withhisgoalatll:12 mark. Little Black Bear fought right back with 2 quick goals at 15:20 and 16:17 mark scored by Gilbert Bellegarde and Danny Bellegarde respectively. Then Gil Ledoux got his first goal on the way to his hat trick at the 18:10 mark to close out the scoring in the first period. The second period opened fast with Little Black Bear tieing the score 3-3 with a goal by Chuck Bellegarde at 1:23. Vern Bellegarde made 4-3 with a power play goal at 7:41 while Leonard Le- Gregory Wolf, captain of Muskeg Lake Blues, receives trophy. Page 48 The Saskatchewan Indian Muskeg Lake Blues, winners of Senior B Provincial Championships. doux sat out a 2 minute tripping penalty. 3rd goal of the game to close out the 3rd period scoring. Little Black Bear really put Muskey Lake tied up the score the pressure on in the dying 4-4 with a power play goal by minutes of the period but were Myles Arcand at 11:42 with Vern unable to score on Goalie Wayne Bellegarde sitting out a 2 minute Lafond of Muskeg Lake, who tripping call. Greg Wolfe closed out the scor- . put on a brilliant performance. Referee Jim Stewart handed ing in the second period with out a total of 11 minor penalties, counters at the 14:15 and 15:35 7 to Little Black Bear and 4 mark. Score after 2 full periods to Muskeg Lake. of play; Muskey Lake Blues - 6, Top point getters of the game Little Black Bear - 4. were Gil Ledoux with 3 goals At the 4: 42 mark of the 3rd and 2 assists and Greg Wolfe period Gil Ledoux scored unaswith 2 goals and 3 assists for sisted, to make it 7-4 for Muskeg Muskeg Lake and Vern BelleLake, his second goal of the game . garde with 2 goals and 2 assiThe teams were playing 5 asts for Little Black Bear. side, when Vern Bellegarde Top scorer award went to Gil scorded Little Black Bear's 5th marker · af 6:06. At 10:°24 wfih Ledoux for his hat trick and, the Most Valuable Player award Roy Sanderson of Muskeg Lake went to team-mate Greg Wolf~ sitting out a 2 minute interference of the Muskeg Lake Blues. call, Little Black Bear's Alex Final score in the F.S.I. Sr. Bellegarde scored a power play B. Provincial Championships was goal, to pull within one goal of Muskeg Lake Blues 8. Little Muskey Lake ' ( 7-6). Then at Black Bear 6. Congratulations.• 12:44 Gil Ledoux popped in his April 1974 �Sketeh Essay sketch es by Warner Goodvoice P.A.S. R . ch i ld car e work er Active sports life for kids Artist Warner Good voice takes a look at the Sports and Recreation Program offered at the PrinceAlbert Student Residence. The Prince Albert Student Residence, home for about 380 children from northern Saskatchewan during the school year, gives high priority to its Sports and Recreation program. Since control of the residence was taken over by the Prince Albert District Chief's Council more than a year. ago, the sports and recreation program has been expanding and improving both in terms of quantity and quality. The residence boasts the biggest gymnasium in Prince Albert, and over the past year it was given a complete inside renovation, .including re-tiling of the floor and an upgraded lighting system. Plans now call for the outside of the building to be given a complete renovation. April 1974 With their gymnasium, baseball diamond and sports ground, wintertaime hockey rink , and lots of open ground in the area , the residence mounts an active sports and recreation program that includes basketball , volleyball, hockey, soccer , track and field and cross-country running. The athletes they produce have in the last year alone taken U first place trophies in competition at the provincial level. In the following pages artist Warner Goodvoice, a child care worker who takes an active part in the sports and recreation program at the residence, offers a sketch sample of the activities organized for the children there. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 49 �Sketeh Essay In addition to Volleyball teams competing on the provincial level, the residence has an intermural league organized with teams in the Squirt, Midget , Pee Wee and Bantam levels. Most games are played within the spacious confines of the residence 's gymnasium. The gym was originally an army drill hall built during the second World War. �~ket~h . ~. Essay ~ .. ' Floor Hockey is only one of many games played in the residence's huge gymnasium. The residence is justly famous for the quality of its basketball players, having produced a number of provincial champions at a variety of levels. April 1974 The Saskatchewan Indian Page 51 �Sket~h Essay v./.E ?,no ht/rc:,i c;;"i:.. /;u; An outdoor sports grounds provides space for soccer events as well as baseball and track and field events. Open area around the residence provides lots of ""running room". Page 52 The Saskatchewan Indian April 1974 �Personal it~ "The more you save , the more you make, the better" reflects the motto of this young Indian handicraft dealer in La Ronge. Henry Roberts of La Ronge is the manager of the La Ronge Northern Indian Handicraft Centre. The handicraft store is a copera tive consisting of Indian people in northern Saskatchewan. "The membership fee is 25¢ per person," Henry said. The handicrafts include beaded lea- Wherever this lady may decide to show up, most people, especially the children that attend and have attended the Prince Albert Indian Student Residence, will recognize her right away. Yvonne Seesequasis is one of the Education Liaison Workers for the P.A. Student Residence working with the Sturgeon Lake, and the Lac La Ronge Bands. She was a Child Care Worker in Whitehorse for a coupld of years and five . years at the P.A. Student Residence . "My work includes going out to the reserves , visiting the parents , informating them how their children are doing, as well as trying to help the children here at the residence who may be having problems," she said. Yvonne said one of the biggest problems at the residence is the children often get lonely for their moms and dads. Everytime this 'New York Ranger' fan is around Otter Lake, Stanley Mission or any of the surrounding reserves in La Ronge , you will usually find him making bets on the New York Rangers to win the Stanley Cup. Jonas Charles cannot make his living this way so he is also employed as the Welfare Band Whenever an interpretor is needed, when a problem arises within one of the three Chipewyan Indian Bands in the Lake Athabasca area, or when someone requires advice or recommendation regarding the area, or about the local people, one name always seems to emerge above everyone elses. That's Matthew Yooya. April 1974 ther jackets, mukluks, moccasins with beadwork, beaded brouches and necklaces," almost anything you can think of'', he said. Henry said he deals with retail stores that include Eatons' stores, the Bay stores, Simpson Sears, and a large customer is the Indian Arts & Crafts Central ··Marketing Service in Ottawa. For some of the most beau tiful Indian handicrafts in Saskatchewan go see the Centre at La Ronge and deal with Henry. Administrator of the Lac La Ronge Band. He's been working in La Ronge for about a year and says he enjoys the work. "I get into a lot of trouble sometimes though," he said. Jonas is married and he and his wife are expecting their first child any time now. Acting as Band Administrator for the Fond du Lac, Stony Rapids , and La la Hache Indian Bands, Matthew is kept very busy directing band affairs and maintaining an office at Stony Rapids. He is also a field officer for the Department of Indian Affairs. Matthew and his family reside at Stony Rapids. The Saskatchewan Indian Pa~e 53 �• -.. When a man ventures out in the light of a full moon, he must not be surprised by what he encounters. The young Indian brave came out of his teepee and stood outside it's front section quite still, listening. Behind him, the fire-light glowed lightly inside the teepee. His spears and hunting equipment were neat and orderly in their places, and his woman talked soothingly to the retiring baby. In front of him, the lake stretched dark and silent, one of the countless lakes in the area that was bordered by a great forest. It was early in the full moon. The night was breathless; summer's fragrance was still evident on the land and in the atmosphere. The brave moved forward some paces and stood along the lake. Somewhere out in the darkness a wolf howled its mournfup hunting dry. Driven with hunger, the wolves will be on the move and hunting more often now, he thought. They will not remain in one place, but an experienced hunter could forsee the trails they would be hunting on and following. In the light of the fresh full moon, a skilled hunter with a spear might take half-a-dozen in a night's work, and half-a-dozen wolves would bring good prices at the trading post. Decided now, the brave turned abruptly and went into the teepee where his hunting spears stood. He was in his mid-twenties, wide shouldered and strong. He was in his prime of life. He had to hunt for a living, for he was now a young man with great responsibilities. He had a young wife and a Page 54 The Saskatchewan Indian child to support. . He preferred to hunt alone at night. He liked the loneliness and the labour of, it. He 1ike the clean taste and feel of fresh air in his lungs. He liked the arching preparation of his body and the ten pounds ·of stell and . wood in his hand against the cold of the night. A Short Story By Ben Cote · He liked paying hi~ respects to the Great Spirit before each hunt for the game he would kill and use. He liked all that because he found in it a reality. There was no conscious cruelty in the way he felt. It was the way the Great Spirit h_ad willed things in the beginning. The young brave lifted the spear carefully and .studied it will a smile. It was sharp and it woµld handle the task tonight. He would not go far, he told himself. Just to the other side of the lake. The solves had a way of travelling along the lake in the light of the· full moon. He moved off quietly ·and mingled easily with the forest trails for a couple of miles, letting the smaller animals tha:t were easily alarmed grow accustomed to his presence. Somewhere along the lake, just ahead , a moose snorted in alarm. The brave srriiled; moose were his friends. Once, fishing in the lake in his canoe he had seen a cow moose with her young calf attempt to swim the wide lake. He had hoisted the tired young calf aboard and placed it by his feet in the canoe, April 1974 �where the calf had looked around puzzled and unhappy. The Mother had sum alongside the canoe and around the canoe, nudging the stout birch with her head until the brave felt sorry for her and let the baby calf go back into the water to swim by its Mother's side. The young brave hefted the spear again, tested it for balance. It was a good spear, steel and oak. He had carved the steel spear head and ten foot oak carefully, making sure there was no rough spots. A deformed spear, he knew would spoil his throw. The spear measured thirteen feet and could, if thrown accurately, bring down a full grown buffalo. The night was lit by the moon. The stars looked bright and glossy. Southward, the wolves were now coming, driving their intended victim ahead of them. To the brave's left were the tangled roots of a swamp and a lot of brush; to his right the open waters of the lake. Most of the lake's shores were shallow, except for the places where the beaver made deep channels. The brave could not yet think of what the wolves were after, but he knew, from their howls of aggression it was probably a deer. The grave moved forward some yards and waited for the wolves. For some time he saited, then some forty yards straight ahead of· him, he saw a deer flash by at a terrific pace. Sudden terror Suddenly a white creature caught his eye some sixty yards to his left. For some time he observed the creature, as he waited for the solves, trying to figure out what it could be. It was too large for a wolf, or the common black bear. The creature vanished into the brush as the wolves came closer still hot on the deer's trail. Then some thirty yards ahead of him he saw the creature break brush again, he recognized it this time - a big white bear, close to one thousand pounds. For a moment, it stopped and stood gleaming white in the moonlight, then it vanished into the brush again. The.brave stood up quickly with excitementthere was a creature with a pelt worth more than the wolves he was after. He picked up the spear, raised it to his shoulder, gripped it strongly with his hand. He held his free hand agead of him so that he could balance himself for a powerful throw. He made sure his feet were planted solidly apart. Then, he waited for the white bear to appear again. He had forgotten the wolves now. He waited for the white bear, feeling the tension of his wait, and the fierce exhilaration of.his moment of ambush; the desire to capture and kill the white bear. With suddenness, the huge white bear broke brush again, and was some twenty yards to the brave' s left. The brave swung the heavy spear back, twisting April 1974 his body and bending his knees to get more power in his throw. His body and arm shot forward, his hand releasing the spear then moving a seond longer with his body in order to regain his balance. But he had shifted his feet slightly and made his throw off balance. He saw the spear shoot forward, a deadly missle, and penetrate the bear in the hind quarter. The swamp exploded around him. In a frenzy of deep raging roars, flying weeds and moss, the great white bear shot forward like a huge white missle for the brave. Flashin~ white fangs As the bear made -his charge, the brave saw the length of his spear inbedded deeply, with a red blotch of blood marking the wounded area and he knew in the split second in which thought was' still possible, that there was certain death in those flashing white paws and that snout full of flashing white fangs. The brave gave a challenging dry as he pulled out his knife and side-stepped the rushing mad bear, but he was not fast enough. The bear grazed him and he hit the ground head first and felt himself bounce along as he plowed a furrow in the moss and weeds for some feet. The brave regained his feet quickly ~nd eyed the great white bear who was again preparing to charge. It was not the great white bear from the far north but a grizzly - a rare specimen. It was close to te~ feet from head to tail, and it weighed less than the one thousand pounds he had earlier estimated. The bear charged. The brave met ·the charge and into the brush and out again into the open they fought. The huge white bear gleaming brightly white as it twisted its head and body in a frantic effort to crush the small brave who had challenged bi's right to life. Into the water they fought, and choking and gasping the brave struggled for a foothold on the slimy bottom of the lake. Sucking in great gulps of air, he fought bravely and gallantly for his life, for the bear was far superior in terms of strength. With a thunderous splash they both went underwater, the flexible brave following the bear' s every m.ovement, driving his knife deep, impeding the bear hardly. Although the young brave weighed only one·hundred and seventy pounds, he now found the desperate strength that comes from looking into the fierce eyes of a creature who wanted to kill him. It was a one-sided fight, with one swipe the bear lifted the brave clear off the water and with another swipe straightened out the brave's bent body in midair. As he went underwater, the brave was revived. Desperately he dug the fingers of his left hand into the bear's white fur, felt them tighten in a hold. He tried to raise his head above the water, but he could not get it clear. Torrents of water choked him as he felt the angry bear tear into his body with slashing bites. His eyes were of no use to him in the foam(Continued next page) The Saskatchewan Indian Page 55 �( Continued) streaked blackness. He closed them tight, and at once a recall sequence of pictures flashed through his mind. He saw his wife and their . infant son; his infant son sleeping, and his wife sewing and patiently waiting his return from the hunt. He saw the wolves he had speared from ambush in past hunts, gasping away their lives on their wild hunting trails. He saw all these and many others in the recall of his mind as he fought silently and bravely for his life. The brave had fought with the bear for some time now and something in his being told him quite calmly that' he would not last much longer. This thought spurred the brave to desperate efforts for survival. He reached up and caught the bear in the throat with the knife. This did not disturb the bear, with powerful swipes of his great paws, the bear_ tore the flesh on the brave' s body to shreds. Many times, the brave hurled himself against the bear with all his strength. Stabbing and slashing the bear's eyes, hoping that something would give. The flesh on the brave' s body was badly ripped and torn. He was near defeat, but his will to live was strong. Brave finds spiritual being The bear swiped powerfully : lifting ·the brave high above the water with each swipe, then lunging in with powerful snapping bites. The bear subsided, then dragged the brave toward the shore pushing a sullen wave in front of him. The moose had fed well on this night, and was in no hurry. He was a peaceful animal, and he had intentions of having a drink before he retired for the night. He had no quarrel with any of the forest dwelling creatures; except the wolf; but he feare~ no one else in the great forest. When the great_ white be~r came rushing , blindly and unavoidable with a man m his jaws, the moose side-stepped quickl~ and struck the bear with his massive rack. The stnke descended on the bear's wounded side with a thundering crack. The strike would have broken an ordinary bear' s back, but it only stunned the great bear who veered wildly and let the man drop from his jaws in order to escape more punishment. The brave in his semi-conscious state had heard the tremendous force the moose had struck the bear with. He fell now into the water where the coldness revived him enough that he could crawl - to shore. Some distance away in the brush he heard the great white bear crashingly fade away into the distant darkness. The brave raised himself slowly and looked homeward. Earlier the acceptance of certain death had done something to his spiritual being. He could t~ink spiritually now, and he knew with absolute certam~y that if he was to get home in his weakened state, 1t would have to be based on the one faculty that the Great Spirit had given the Indian to his pre-eminence above all the creatures. The faculty of spiritual Page 56 The Saskatchewan Indian comm uni cation. Only by using this method ~ould_t~e brav~ possibly survive, and he called on his spmtu~l bemg for a solution, and it responded. Ahead of him he saw ~h_e moose standing. With a prayer to the Great Spmt and a voice not his own he summoned the moose. The moose snorted once and came toward the brave , hesitantly at first, then it quickened its pace. The brave took a deep breath and climbed aboard the mooses' back. Slowly and carefully the moose moved in the direction of the brave' s teepee. The brave relaxed some and high above he saw the light )f the fall moon. Calm and serene it looked. Slowly md painfully the brave climbed off the moose some yards from his teepee. He again spoke to the moose .n a voice not his own. They parted company quietly, the m?ose going ba_ck to the wilderness and the brave walkmg slowly with )ain for his teepee. The brave knew one thing now 1e would hunt the forest creatures with more respect n the future, and hunt only those creatures he had laid his respects tm the Great Spirit to hunt for.~ CAR BINGO THURSDAY, MAY 9, 1974 7:00 P.M. at the BEARDY'S SPORTS GROUNDS Master Cards Extra Cards $1.00 SO<; 12 GAMES 11 Games Cash or Merchandise and the Final Game for 1969 PLYMOUTH ALL PROCEEDS FOR THE INDIAN SUMMER GAMES AT COTE RESERVE IN AUGUST Sponsored by Beardy's Recreation Board in conjunction with the Beardy' s Band Council. SPONSORED BY BEARDY'S RECREATION BOARD IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE BEARDY'S BAND COUN4 April 1974 �ehiefs profile Quarter century • Ill top job Everything runs smooth on John Smith Reserve with one exception - the chief has only his one wife. . I walked into the John Smith Band Office for the first time in my !ife re_cently_ , not reall_y knowing what to expect. I had come to do an mtervi~w with ~he Chief of the reserve but I didn't have a clue what the Chief was hke or what he looked like. I noticed a man bent over an office desk signing some papers and making remarks as he studied them. I announced why I was there and was immedia tely told this was Chief Andrew Bear. BY JOAN BEATTY F .S.I. Reporter He looked up and smiled saying he would be glad to do an interview with me. During our conversation I found out Andrew Bear has been Chief of the John Smith Reserve for about 24 years. He was voted in on the first election ever held on the reserve , around 1950. " Before the elective system was introduced on the reserve, the traditional hereditary system was used, " he said. Chief Bear has lived on the reserve all of his life and considers himself a 'jack-of-alltrades'. "For a number of years , I farmed here on the re serve, I was a blacksmith , and a carpenter," he said. To top all this, the Chief is also a layreader with the Anglican Church. The Chief has five boys and three girls with the oldest boy a partner with him on the Band Council. "The rest of them are still at home going to school," he said. I asked him if he was in the last World War. " I made it as far as Prince Albert. They made me streak naked around the place and I was immediately turned down and sent home ," he said laughingly. Chief Andrew Bear received April 1974 his education on the reserve. "I got as far as the grade seven level then quit to go to work," he said. The Chief has four councillors as well as a five member band staff. " We handle most of our programs ourselves," he said. "Th ey include welfare , housing, recreation, roads, water and sewer, and a band farm." The Chief said local people are hired to work on the different programs and the band office staff is all local people. Some of the Chief's and his council's future plans include building a golf course, a club house, and a ski-doo or snowmobile trail. "We also plan to have another rodeo sometime this summer,'' the Chief said. He mentioned there will be a pow-wow held on the reserve this summer. "I enjoy dancing myself and I usually take in all the pow-wows held in the area,'' the Chief said. "To sum it all up, everything is going pretty smoothly on our reserve with only one exception," the Chief said. He proceeded to dare me to print the following: "There is only one problem I have and that is I can only have one wife and I would like about three of them,'' he said. With this remark, I informed him that I would be back to cover his divorce proceedings probably in the near future.• Chief Andrew Bear of the John Smith Reserve. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 57 �Cultural College College re-organizes College Board expanded, add Management Committee The Saskatchewan Indian Cultural College recently restructured its organization to include a board of directors, a management committee and the division of services and programs into five different units. The board of directors for the Cultural College will now include the Federation of Saskatchewan Indians Executive Council and the twelve representatives of the district Chief's councils. The board will set objectives, arrange funding, and take part in the programming and review College policies and courses. The management committee in the education of themselves will be responsible for the proand their children. gress, proposals and budget exResearch and Curriculum Dependitures. Also included in their velopment has a large task to responsibilities are the terminaperform. They are responsible tion or modification of programs, for the development of original recommendations to the Board Indian literature, teaching mathe granting of diplomas or cer~ terials and the requested research tificates and setting the academic of band councils. The ¾educators standards of the College. The of Indian children need every management committee consists available resource material, curof four members: one from the riculum guidelines and suppleFederation of Saskatchewan In- ments. This units is coordinated dians, one representative from by Paul Olinski. Indian Affairs, a community memSmith Atimoyoo has been diber, and the director of the Col- recting the Cultural Centre since lege. Jack Sikand is director and Alec Greyeyes is working as administrator. All programs and services have been channelled into five different units: EducaLibrarians are kept busy tion Liaison, Research and Curcompiling material as well riculum Development , Library and Technical Services, the Culas cataloguing it. tural Centre, and the largest wing, Academic Services. The Education Liaison Program acts as its name suggests. With six workers under the direction of John McLeod, the program is responsible for the communication between the College and other educational institutions and the people at the community level. The workers are stationed throughout the province and are there to keep people informed on educational matters as well as to encourage and assist the people in taking meaningful roles Page 58 The Saskatchewan Indian its beginning and was instrumen-1 tal in starting the elders workshops. For the past few years Smith has been holding informal workshops with elders from the province who relate history, personal experiences , and the folklore of their people . This information is to be used by those interested and by other College departments . Smith has six fieldworkers situated throughout the province. Library and Technical Services covers three programs of the College. The library has been collecting all types of materials including books, journals, magazines, records and filmstrips related to Indian people. Librarian Dave Sparvier and his four assistants are kept busy compiling the materials as well as cataloging it. The library services will soon be available to all �Cultural College people who require mate_rials for educational or recreat10nal purposes. Audio-visual team Audio-Visual services has -been in operation for some time. George Peeace is responsible for recording all conferences , band . events and other happenings that need coverage. A team consisting of five people was recently trained .in the skills and knowledge reqmred to do audio-visual productions. " The Eagle Cry" and "The Hand Game " have been completed and at present they are working on a College documentary . Future pla~s include a production about Sar am Stump's book "There is My People Sleeping" and " The Battle of Cutknif e Hill". Understandably so, the acade mic wing is the largest unit of the College. At present there are seven different programs in this unit. The Indian Teacher Education Program under the direction of Cecil King began in February , 1973 and now has an enrollment of over fifty students . About twenty students are enrolled in university taking the necessary classes for the first year of a Standard "A" Teaching Certificate. The remaining students are enrolled in an orientation and began taking classes in January . They will soon begin taking regular classes in May. I.T.E.P. takes two and a half years to complete and is , in many ways , more relevant to Indian children ' s needs than the regular teacher certification pro gram. The first students ar e expected to be in the schools teach ing in April , 1975. Social workers train The Indian Scoial Worker ~d.uca tion Program is training about twenty students in the many ar~as of social work. After completio n of this ten month course which began in February , the social workers will be assisting the Indian community in the areas of April 1974 family counselling , community development, recreation and hospital work. . . Indian Art started as a v1s1tation program to schools. Sarain Stump , Indian Art coordinator and accomplis'hed arti st, went to as many schools as possible explaining and illustrating Indian Art as well as encouraging the students to develop their own artistic talents. The need and demand for Indian people to continue this service has prompted the development of such a course. "Indian Art Experience '74" began in February and there are presently eleven students who will become instructors in Indian schools. They are studying the history of Indian art as well as that of other culture s and are trained in the many different art techniques such as beadwork , potter y, and painting. Education in field Osborne Turner and Jeremy Hull work cooperatively in the Community Education Program. The objectives of the program include the development and establishme nt of programs for people of the Indian community. Included in the community education field are upgrading classes , life skills courses , band administration , bus driver training, leadership training , R.C .M.P. in-service training and others . It is the objective of community education to establish and assist people in developing programs to meet their needs. Established to encourage the development of Indian music and to help young talented Indian people further their careers is the Indian Music Program under the direction of Winston Wuttunee , a very talented musician . W_in ston, with the help of Maunce McCarthur, has been visiting schools since last September, singing and playing for the student s. The y were encouraged to tr y differ ent inst ruments and sing along with Winston and Maur ice . Workshops and sem- inars will be held to encourage and interest young people in the development of themselves into skilled musicians. The Music program is also responsible to compose and develop songs for Indian people. Several have been done and these have proven to be very popular with audiences ., Upgrading program The Child Care workers , teac her aides , counsellor technicians and teachers of Indian students will soon have training programs available to them. These workers have expressed a desire to have programs to upgrade and impro~e their skills. These classes will include Indian histor y and culture , language instruction , contempo rary Indian studies , curriculum development , the use of resource materials in the classroom and many others. Indian Studies is planned to offer university accredited courses in the area of culture , history, law , politics , and others. Th~se classes , now in the planning stages , will lead to degrees in Indian Studies. Si~ce its beginning the Saska tchewan Indian Cultural College has proven itself to be an Indian educational institution of high standards. It has fast become one of the best Indian cultural colleges in Canada and yet it is comparatively young. It will continue to prove itself in the future . See next three pages for schematic diagram of college re-organization. The Saskatchewan Indian Page 59 �Management Committee ( 4 members : F .S.I . representative , I.A.B. representative , Communit y at Large representative , Director of College. ) - Evaluate prog res s of specific programs. Study proposals for establishment of new programs , termination or modification of exi sting programs and recommendations to Board of Directors . --,--Grant certificates , diploma s and se t academic standards of college. - Study college budge t and examine expenditures . ,, , College Director , Education Liason - Make it possible for Indian education to develop in style and tradition of Indian culture . - Help Indian communities make education more relevant to needs of Indian children. - Enable Indian people assert a role of active participation in developmen t of educational policies and progra m s. - Help establish comm uni cation between Indian comm uni tie s and various agencies dealing with edu cation of Indian children . Page 60 The S.:.skatchewan Indurn Research and Curriculum Development - Develop authentic literature on various aspects of Indian culture. - Develop teaching materials on Indian culture and history for classroom use . - Perform research in education as required by bani councils. April 1974 ,.',' :fa �Cultural College Board of Directors 1 Executive council & district representatives atchewan Indians - 12 member s) - of the Federation of Sask- Set objectives of college. Determine nature of program s and policie s. Arrange for adequate financing of colleg e . Periodic review of programm s . •• Administration 1 Administrator , Accountatn s a nd Secretarial staff . l - lCulturaI Centre - Interpret Indian culture to younger generation of Indians , and non-Indians customs, religion , music , folk tales , etc. - Gather all possible material and information pertaining to various aspects of Indian culture. - Hold workshops with Indian elders and young people to enhance understanding of Indian culture. - A C a Library and Technical Services - Collect and catalogue inform a tion pertaining to Indian language s. history and culture. - Produce audio-vi sual materials for schools; training workshops. adult education , and material s that have entertainment and education value to Indian communities a s a wholle . w d nI e m g I C SEE NEXT PAGE April 1974 The Saskatchewan Indian Page 61 �I.T.E.P. - Training of Indian teachers so native children are taught by people who understand them. - Training courses geared to problems and interests of Indian communities in Saskatchewan. Social Work Education - Training of Indians as social workers . - Trai ning taskes into consideration Indian traditions , mode of life, as well as problems and aspi rations unique to our people . - Social workers to assi st band councils in commu nit y development, work wit h families, in re creati on centr es hospitil s, e tc . Indian Music . - Help talented young Indians to develop into skilled musicians. - Encourage in the development of Indian music - composition of new songs, new melodies, etc. I Community Education Academic Wing Indian Art - Have workshops in elementary and secondary schools to help Indian children know about Indian art; techniques, materials , philosophical principles , etc. - Training program for Indian art instructors so that our children are taught by qualified Indians who can give the subject a spirit of authenticity. Page 62 ThP ~a,.katc>newanIndian Indian Studies - Teach a numbe r of universit y acc redited courses in the area of Indian culture, history , politics, law, etc . These courses will form the basis of an undergraduate degree with major in Indian studies. - Analyze educa. tion and cultural needs of Indian communities and estab lish relevant programs, e.g. upgrading, life skills , administration, leadership , creative writing workshops, R. C.M.P. in service training, Indian festival of the arts etc. Training Programs Training programs at university level also being prepared for child care workers, counsellor technicians, administrators, and teachers teaching in Federal schools. April 1974 �Job · <!&pportunitttte5 ~la55ifteb ~b5 ........... . JOB TITLE - Assistant Agricultural Representative Indian Reserves Nor th Battleford - 1 position - Yorkton - 2 positions DUTIES - To work directly under the District Agricultural Representative - Indian Reserves towards developing a well balanced Agricultural Extension program with emphasis in the following areas: - Provide advisory services and technical information to Indian farmers and band project officials in livestock production , cereal and forage crop production , land use, farm machinery , buildings , and farm management including use of credit and farm accounting. - Provide information to Band Councils and individual farmers on Agricultural Development Policies and programs under the Department of Indian Affairs and other agencies. - Assist with youth development programs including 4-H. QUALIFICATIONS - Farm experience and training, preferably with education at the high school level that would allow future formal training at the University level. - Ability to work with, discuss and relate problems with other people involved with various programs and resource people including professional agrologists . - Free to travel in the assigned districts and available to start June 3rd, 1974. - Ability to speak a native language a pr eference. SALARY - $676.00 per month - with university tr aining ( specialized courses, diploma or degree course training in agriculture. - $600.00 per month - with farm experience and eligible for advanced formal training . DEADLINE FOR - May 15th, 1974. Apply in writing with APPLICATIONS full par ticulars in your resume including experience , education, training courses, employment and references ,etc . APPLY TO - Murdock MacKay , Agricultural Specialist ( Acting Co-ordinator), Land Titles Building , Department of Agriculture , Prince Albert , Sask. S6V 183. HEADQUARTERS - April 1974 FREE confidential Birth Control Information. Drop in, phone or write Number 103-1114 Central· Avenue~ Prince Albert, Sask. · 763-2535. Native people in Saskatoon an surrounding areas are invited to participate in activities such as sports and cultural classes. The Indian-Metis Friendship Centre , 310 - 20th St. West , Saskatoon. Phone 244-0174. An authentic bear claw necklace for a reasonable price . Contact Lucille Bell , o/ o F.S.I. , 1715 South Railway Street, Regina. Phone 525-9842. WANTED - Former U. of S. students of Saskatoon Campus to form a team to play in Native Student Tournament in May. Contact : Donna Pinay , Saskatoon, 374-1328. WANTED - NOTE: - The Saskatchewan Indian is adding a classified ad section it its newpaper . . Classified ads up to a maximum of 25 words will be run free of charge for any Treaty or Regis- . tered Saskatchewan Indian. Ads over 25 words will be charged at a rate of 15 cents for each additional word . Classified ads for non-Indians will be accepted at a rate of five cents each word up to a maximum of 25 words and 15 cents each for any additional words. If you would like your classified ad in the newspaper send it to: EDITOR'S The Editor Sa ska tchewan Indian, 1114 Central Avenue, Prince Albe rt , Sask. The Saskatche wan Indian Page 63 �CKRM CJGX CJVR CKBI CJNB 0 8:00 6:00 :00 00 p.m. p.m. p.m. p.m. p.m. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian Magazine Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970/2011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1970/2011 Description An account of the resource The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Magazine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian, vol. 4, no. 4 (April 1974) Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-04 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Scott, Richard Beatty, Joan Pinay, Donna King, Archie Bell, Lucille Ahenakew, David Starblanket, Noel Starr, Cliff Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1974-04 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Letters to the editor Editorial: Hunting issues Faulkner Tells Conference: Indians - Metis Must Unite For Communications Funding By: FSIN The Indian Artists Of Saskatchewan By: FSIN Church Schools Savages By: Donna Pinay The harsh life of the old-time mission school and its attempt to "de-Indianize" the Indian, subject of book. Allen Sapp English River Dene Nation First Nations Artists George Gordon First Nation Henry Beaudry James Smith Cree Nation Kinistin Saulteaux Nation Mistawasis Nêhiyawak Montreal Lake Cree Nation Mosquito-Grizzly Bear's Head-Lean Man First Nations Muskeg Lake Cree Nation Nakoda stories Piapot First Nation Ray McCallum Star Blanket Cree Nation Sturgeon Lake First Nation https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/25945/archive/files/79c63a4d47be3c514ce8f13ebda7304e.pdf?Expires=1779926400&Signature=b%7EezsLewl8vuAMX%7EPk0luMnJR6JvpQE9XbH1Gij1kBNB1rxzKtK5J5AC33sFgNPTBQXfSm83MppIlsZnW-omKanRcxyT6cGWVEdLj4N6ZzOJZoNF6a9sY6RXhzGRKvQvUmdXLiBOGmMhnSwPN66x3q1O6c8f8Re%7EJ9USmpRhNlSy1DbQ4oo0HeoVkQqg%7EEVbpwVbDwmmkE2QXiGpoIkIsQOe7vrfuAOHUd4tTXFUkIFFM3UkpZL795mxUBpBJXGU0qHoSx1Z6Uu5xHCGEIpePsyUyL2s0OvUW2wVE5Ozju1xVD8sABJbY-jCWJoZatI23ncyASspEFAGwCVccDaspA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ecf0336541eeaad638d097d668680e34 PDF Text Text Prov • L 1·.b ra Reader' s 1819 REG ov ry Services D' CornWall S treet11l1Sion . INA, Sask . mber 19"'1 . 9 Peg 1 o tt o w ey nt m n 11. ar wh t h id \It' n effie' cabinet document listing funds that would be made available in the next four vear for In- • • I SI t e C SSU S II - cCC 12 - I Sw G a o a orkshop nditi wan a was p nin ne whi h had b r a n Lak ix tight realiz d finall wa dream and he hoped it would dray the p ople clo er together in their fight for development in for RETURN TO: 1114 CENTRAL AVENUE PRINCE ALBERT, SASK. - the ommunity. To the delight of everyone pre ent Mr. Henry Beaudr: Thoma Opwam assi ted b and Henry Favil, then pro­ ceeded to officially open the Hall at 11: 30 a.m. by cutting a band of rawhide with a knife. Mr. Fred Clark, Regional Director of Indian Affairs. praised the Chief and Council and the Band members for The such a fine job. doing construction of the hall ex­ emplified community spirit and cooperation. He, espec­ for women the ially, praised the preparation of the Ban­ Mr. Sid Read, District Supervisor of Indian Affairs, quet. (Continued on Page 2) ha e b n rn . a k- d rank tt "w eping he remark in ad­ a made H rth in munitie ns in and r s res. ing the annual r gional health coun il meeting held orth Battleford in 0 tober. in dre Dr. colt. council chairman. tandard of the de cribed hou ing on northern re erve a aying man. appalling a are no more than home hell with no provi ion for such necessities as heating and plumbing. He called on the health coun­ cil to put pressure on the De­ Affairs partment of Indian the deplorable liv­ to correct ing conditions. Delegates later adopted resolution a representat­ Department of that ives from the Indian Affairs and Indian bands next be invited to attend the re­ Another annual meeting. solution calls for more equit­ of health able distribution Metis. and services for Indian From November 7 for the F.S.I. held brought up at this - workers teat Nov. 1', the comm Among the item four-day workshop. workshop were, person a munication, speaking to to person com­ structure and functhe and gTOUpS tion of the F .S.l. communication worker; Campbell Brass, R standing: Alpha Lafond, L Felix Musqua, communication worker; - for the communication worker; Howard McMaster, reporter Mc­ Ivan "Sask. Indian"; Cy Standing, Executive Member; Alex Kennedy, Executive Nab, host for Moccasin Telegraph; Member. Clifford Starr, bead of communication departeditor, "The Sask. Indian"; John Too­ Cutband, ment; Doug Mervin Dieter, reporter for the toosis, Senate member; Community Development. Sikand, Jack "Sask. Indian"; Centre row: cemmualcanon worker; Jake Sol Sanderson, Special As­ Mike, community development; T I Front row: Walter Isbester, host for Mocc s' sistant to Executive; Albert Angus, graph. A DEC 9 K TeH Y 1971 �Pqe.Z KINDERGARTE Continued from Page 1 dian programs. It by aid. igned. he wa AID uperintendent and wa f cabinet document com­ cabinet the produced by .. Leach. J. . mittee on ocial policy. gram. tion. 7�u (fo.HUft,et� 'Z)eu. e(4pHf,�t • Com un, rs H m Iv Work Th y , s er. of Sample out arried being project Community by in Health Worker a katche­ teaching in the conducting education s hool uch topics as on project disease, venereal fire afety. wan include I DCJJT BEUEVE INGMNGJa3S ltlPEOPLEWHO . tuberculo i. water. fly nutrition. safe control and immun­ ization among others. Work­ One Community Health er a helped to land-fill garbage has pit; another the local tee on and is achieve disposal chairman education of commit­ is placing emphasis one is giving first health; two aid classes. and at least organize have helped others re­ recreation clubs on their serves. ARE ALWAYS OUTCFWORK! �Page 3 November 1971 ast Oa rk p on th teep TH Re w the f future. will f 11 w in th ho 1 will be built new f the 1972 on a it thre lb rta ha and. h t dren back en tati Repre in demand h n action The I man Mr . committee of the school were the Gadina Theresa reentatives from the repre serve. of the li t Among plishments are: the a accomnew reserve to day in­ school three and clude grades one to well as the as Kindergarten, school will in­ classrooms the on clude able a for recreation room suit­ basketball, teacher- ceived as cisterns 13) a tarted to ly. learing ide. their to to hold of the home fre h water. boycott till continues Lake and Cold Lake Saddle at The reserves. dele­ After meeting with the from Kehewin Chretien gates the stated that he would visit Goodfish Lake Reserve and Kehewin Reserve in the near Goodfish is about 40 future. miles west of Kehewin. a rumor going ar ince. e- people al 0 re­ urance of improved appraoches and impro The . coun­ Chief Gorden Young, Dion and Chair­ Gu cillor road. eived re men immediat along the work bru h u ter neral und that b f re old Indian Affair. he Horn headed off to the Little Big Indian Affair until 1 return. official "Don t do an thing an thing done t word and haven remained true to their There ing. 0 rth-ea t­ hewin Res erve hretien met with ern Alberta a half on Fri­ and hour for an re po iti e ov. 19 and dav demand to their 0 p ple als for re erve Kein la­ erve Government On e, with tie e our NE RIDE L • K golf run There the tion of on are white no people taff. with the excep­ the management ad­ Ralph Pilkington who has experience in the landat pre­ caping business and ent i overseeing the building vi or. of the golf cour will install the e. The staff golf including system, irrigation course the trenching bedding and layand backfilling. 109 of pipe, a 3,300 yard, golf course will be completed, with grass greens By next August nine hole Subsequent and tees. another nine completed. holes to 1974 will be how he became uch a On a king one of our reporter with over 30 year he replied that after living tory teller. that he has don the done things the arne woman and having teller. and not develop into a story and gotten away with elf. him wrong with there has to be something arrival of a newborn baby in the neigh­ On hearing of the to ladies decided to pay her respects bourhood, one of the home of the at On arriving new arrival. the mother and the his 5-year-old him lying in his crib with found she the baby, his new brother. guarding and jealously brother adoringly what a cute and the new baby exclaimed The lady picking up if it was brother older his asked and beautiful baby he was to which the 5the her baby, let keep to possible for him Go get fat and have your own "No! year-old boy replied, " To quote Mr. baby. �ov P ge 4 People Indian WINTER WORKS WILL B£NEFJT and the Law ALL CANADIANS REA D Publication of the The monthl askat chewan Indian Federation of Editor Doug - Reporter / Arti Reporter Reporter t - Cuthand Willard Ahenakew - Indian 11 Howard McMaster - Mervin Dieter united and their in ettlement of ab through the Editorial Board­ John Gambler . opp to who are Court their . huge Nishga aborginal claim is The appeal will later this month. Signed opinion in this province. opinions are the concerned and opinions of the individuals not necessarily those of the Federation. to a tract of land in British Columbia. and Indian asking the -Supreme of Canada to uphold This articles t riginal right court the port Cliff Starr vehicle for Indian ition None of the native organizaup­ tions i lending active John Ursan voice of the paper is the official It Federation of Saskatchewan Indians. effective an as serve intended to firml ar now ganization Taking their National Indian cue be heard from the Brotherhood, the provincial groups want a political settlement such as the one now There pending in Alaska. appears a good now chance that the United States a will approve Congress mber 1S71 �Pye5 ovember If71 A Reply to Schumiatcher's Article M r in t r that were familiar alway he o Ca e ua tairs u and t hom d n Iul u i i wn and happy. r. lr. and lfr d their daughter a d Bra and uth n-in-law randdau hter. a lorme. 11 hildr n. ter and i h f arne hildren f ter f th 0 the oung, to them ver Dad and tether are reall until ter p the to young la t June there had been the Franci. di r r : ad v kat h mm f. qualif ti th in the and it nt n. n ut [ a quali u Indian" nd ur · n u publi y plea in u din. an i ral wan a- f th la.'- . kn w. read Indian publi a­ anada and th f and I would tate idl nit d Ahenakew are the in our coverage We will have calendar avail­ able by mid- ovember. The e may be obtained by writing to the above addre s or by only full­ quality. imvery much be­ Saskatchewan pressed with to like also would cause I executive staff of It seems laud I m the for being available to On my first it's membership. head­ F.S.I. to visit and last Albert, Prince 'in quarters these executive I noticed that with members mixed casually and actually social­ F.S.I. everyone ized with us 'common people'. in direct con­ Again, this is trast to some Provincial In- Yours sincerely, Allen Jacob Dear Listeners: Coun­ The program "North became very try Fair", that is now back popular last year, It will be heard on the air. evening from every Saturday over CBK 6 p.m. to 7 p.m. dial. on your Radio 540 Mrs. Dorothy We, the hosts, and Francis, Joseph Pelletier the with along Harry Bird, and the management of CBK Sa 'katchewan, of University to YOt1 extend this invitation ear their children home . remembers one Christmas when she had to buy an extra asking for them in your quests or dedications. We will also be having spec­ turkey because they had sev­ enteen for the holiday; another ial guests in the studio from time to time, as well as in­ terviews with different people, that may be of interest to to re­ time employees on the paper. to some This is in contrast other Indian monthly publica­ number the tions whose staff of many 'city same as those Yet those publica­ dailies. in tions do not exceed yours area. fo ter for two When three of the chilorel dren left they were Alice \ Franci Mr. mi ed. haring photo raph ugg t tha th and Mr. Willard Ahenakew artwork ar and cart n I would orne of the be t. in the e pecially commend you fa t that you and Mr. tartling eleven arne the program. We will strive to make this and and as possible, with your help, we can reach this goal. Sincerely yours, program as informative interesting Harry Bird, Program Co-ordinator. family didn t have anywhere spend Christmas. Two years ago Mrs. Francis was very ill for four months; kidneys had stopped func­ the tioning. Mr. Francis, with liv­ who his daughters help of ed near, managed to keep things her Francis going at home. Mrs. in believer prayer. is a great That, and good medical made it possible for care her to recover. The eight children who are Mr. and Mrs. Francis of the Kahkewistahaw Reserve have raised seven natural daugh­ of whom the ters youngest is now twenty-one. Four daughters live close to them, two live in Regina and one in One of their daugh­ Alberta. ters, Mrs. Leslie Sparvier, also keeps foster children. Subscribe to The Saskatchewan Indian �Page 6 The Saskatchewan Indian ov ;41t 'llttelUtiett,t '3f)it� Man George President of the National India e rotherhoo I I i in i njun n wh r w n in d lhr u h m rri Th a k. Ind.: Th r tion h. all f lit lInd p pi hi the i I r mbm f m nand prob- lain in Indian id rrw what about " tity. ther ide of th in w h a white woman marri Indian man. he i abl orne into the band and orne an Indian under the term of the Indian At? How do ou feel about this? Mr. Manuel: I think u uallv the man' whole life style of living i tied to the Indian r eserve. particularly if the guy ha grown up there. he hasn't got the educational mean to compete in the outide world. Hi whole cultural background i tied to that community 0 he has to provide for his wife by mak­ ing a living in that commu­ nity. So his wife comes with him. I think that's a choice a white woman or non-Indian woman makes before the mar­ riage and decides that. On the other hand, a white man has already established himself .off the reserve and I think when he marries an Indian woman, he's decided he's go­ ing to take her away. I think the Indian woman has decid. r i r 11. f c ur hav nd id ntifv th whi h w , ply pr f ding mpl m � with 8 awav Indian n mmunity a r s the 94(' dropout th nati rat. n, \\: hould be draftin and d i n­ ing a p Ii Y which would put the p wer of education in to the hand of the Indian people rather than the government. And we're we're doing The IB ha itself for not doing thi. individually. n't really applied thi how it should be functioning. I think this come from inexperience of how In­ dian organizations function. The Sask. Ind.: These prob­ lems on the National level, are they created by a region particular province or just general across country diffi­ or culties? Mr. Manuel: Because a strong cental policy in the NIB has to come from all regions, At the there has to be summer an agreement Reg­ of mber 1971 �ovem ber 1971 ontinued fr m The e askatchewan Indian 6 7 Pille P.M. Announces Multi­ Gtltural Policy with Framework Bilingual , Boos from Indians for Major's L n t re Advice l. ara f B r uti diaid Ma r didn kn w xe I. A ' Haddo k likel how much he h lped th me t­ in "H di pla ed the t pe m we rnali have b en pat hearing for too long. 'You be go d little boy. good little Indian bo 'i what he was aid h P Ii . n "unrul am d di u the ion rna d into human right, aid: "Militant houldn't impo e or majoritie He m. mov of rninoritie n h n legate aid aying od hu t them. "But don't be influenced by unlawful elements. There are ways you gain your ob­ can jectives without that." Harry Daniels Vice-Presi­ dent of the Alberta Metis As­ described Mayor Haddock's actions as "an as­ sociation, tonishing performance". "How white comes can society to and puts like that? one on a " ... anyone respect when a leader of our meetings performance of Judge 65% of B.C. . hi ance tor liv­ when they came to Canada and were grateful for a sistance Indians gave ed in Demand Removal ' ... Indians lobless A survey of British 60,000 non-status 65 percent shows were Columbia's Indians of them last unemployed sum­ Indian 'leaders attending the annual conference of the Bri­ tish Columbia Association of Non-Status ed Thursday mer. from Prof. W. T. Stanbury of the University of B.C. 's com­ George merce faculty working on anthropoloby of and his Jay Seegal, doctorate in at the University Victoria, presented a pre­ their survey to a conference of the B.C. Association of Non-Stat­ us Indians. liminary analysis of I I Indians the demand­ removal the bench of Judge Collins of Sudbury, Onto Severe criticism of Judge Collins was voiced by the in­ dian leaders after Victor Pel­ letier, a human rights inves­ tigator for the federal labour department, read a story pup­ lished in Toronto Wednesday quoting statements by the judge in a ca e before him. Judge Collins, in suspending sentence in against ed as an an assult Indian saying he charge was once quot­ saw an Indian child faint in church from malnutrition and asked the Ontario Provincial Police to charge the child's father. The judge was quoted as saying "the child might have suffered from brain damage d he'll just be another stu­ pid Indian of which we have many." �PqeS T ·story 0 . • A. Si t. ee e est JAMES ROBERTS HiGH CHOOL BACK ROW, L ran - - 1961 R: Wavn Ed Black tar; tan Willard Ahenakew and Mr. J. ny Bird; yin ighttraveller; erald Bear; Art Bear;' Henry "Muck wa ervice all tudent. typical day at the Indian School began with the chil­ dren rising at seven a.m. Af­ A ter everyone had washed and cleaned up. to go to they were lined dining rooms and two slices of white bread. During the winter months, every student endured their daily dose of cod-liver oil which was administered by a squirt gun. Sometimes a bad aim resulted in re there id ntial wa Kam; r cho 1 never an. Thi homework. could have been a factor for the diffic­ experienced with homework in high school day ulty we . their respective and sit before their never-changing meal of a bowl of porridge, skim milk up During day. henakew: Darwin Munroe' sour smell- The hours from four to five usually spent playing cowboys and Indians, hunting rabbits and contemplating were ways and means to get into the kitchen for an extra bite. The winter months provided the favorite pastimes of skat­ on cardboard. supper time, there was am ron. our tar; Johnnv B Lawr n r : declar d b tw n Man i­ toba and a ka h wan u­ dent who e p pulati n wa ual w ap n fairly even. were h ts, tone and broom and the battle were held in the more heltered area of the chool ground. Mo t draw n n lik t P to th warmth ing lif of orne th re of the and ea rve. more notable skirmishes ended in a but were perhap a good wa of letting out a lot of frus­ ander­ 01 mon son, pecial A i tant to the Chief of the ederation of Rod Saskatchewan Indians. tration. Soonias, alumni w re the At school year included the Girl's Auxiliary of which the usual number was 150 com­ the" Director of F.S.I. Education Task Force. Stan Wilson. Newstart in Manitoba Lawrence Whitehead, Execut­ ive, Manitoba Indian Brother­ prising the senior and inter- hood, Jocelyn Wilson, B.SeN, ing and going sliding "down the hill" tone tan d· The girl's activitie during �ov mber 1971 The Sasbtcft.wan Indian f th ir wandering new ervi . lude trati afet ria. admini the Hi n at d ren in 1969 nd the d to hang wa - kit hell and an Th drill hall wa e infirmary. nam a lot to be desired. Recent discussions of even­ of Iindian takeover tual tudent Residence have the prompted orne of the employ­ to ee of the e in titution attitude their sterile rhange and working habit. The chil­ till leaves ottage, a new general­ building whi h in­ mna - . ium. dren will the hange ing f vol mu t better abl urely benefit that in ti tu tion exi t and r the ontinue t time mu fr m: lowl are t . Court Declares • 5 la fo s ome b m h . Continued 1 validi ' ll" i . r .: wh ill \: t k m w hat f th pr b1 nadian Bill It i dian m d iff r n i t wh i h th e a­ rai fRight \\' e ar and person other than an Indian, or Indian of another band, an from that which is to obtain when a male Indian marries person other than or an Indian who is a ti an a Indian, member of another band. This difference in the con- t n in ion r . that b th male Infemale Indian t hav apa it marry and that each ha the right to con­ tract a marriage either with another Indian or with a pernot an Indian. The on who i Indian Act however, which is a law made by the Parliament of Canada for Indians, pre­ scribes a different result with respect to the rights of an Indian woman who marries a I . 'ubj' 11 x rigin. in re right dom t r pudia e er e 10 u di 2 it i rimina- e. national •. anada law f Pa anin th in u n. a on w. m v an on ra olour. religion or ex human the of pe t and fundamental free­ 1 in what­ et out in . way that discrimination may manifest itself not only as between Indian and Indian ever but as between all Canadians whether Indian or non-Indian." To my mind it makes no dif­ ference in the present case whether the matter is viewed as between Indian and Indian or simply as between member and member of the Wikwemi­ kong Band of Indians. In ei­ ther view the apparent effect of the legislation is, in my opinion, to discriminate by To this extent reason of sex. therefore the case of the ap- Wild horses could Dot pry Reg Cote -from of The Saskatchewan Indian. reading his issues �Page 10 Tbe askatcbewan Indian ovember 1971 L �Q._� LJ b..� 6-'''l)t' ,,' <1 � J I) L L') C '..D,J v· � (> v· (\...D" P' V�· .-« 'Q b' LV, � L e: VI>'t"'<1' �<1'�bL <l 4 r'. b' ,),,' < <. &. 41 Q... r r r - '�c. c V· 'V ". " C. L..... 'V f::,- 't b' Cf" .. V c f" �U 4,- b b' "14" <..(\,' 1\ Ln·, n·' 6.-"c. n-e P � � <F C. n-o f' ,,, � (\ I' e: r: . 4 '1b' \' � , 'V � C t> r -.� �J � 4.-. '0' � 4. • 'V �.. V �,;):>'" t � t' <1. , f>' -0 VJC r � � '" q. "L-P� Pi of ha rr ruiting and election Globe and Mail report­ r. "For rather primiti e people. if you want, they re r old mechanically inclined. They're n� ua� highly mtelllgent ... his own culture sort of man but be's tbe who could become Western very of us." easily, become one Northerners have become valuable to the armed forces 'ince the headquarters plan­ ning types realized that no amount of mechanization could create a "Canadian presence" without people who knew the territory. "We can learn lot from these long run, we can ability. " Not hell of a In the lean on their a people. only do they "MUNIZRTrON KEEPS �. "'7- 0-'1. V t <r �'V� c..L_'" b""'O ""1) ,,'" c,' '7 L �-o 'V b' l \.... � <1 ':) ,,� _." � (I-c C ': c. L = �'V'l.,,: �f! rj1) t (> ..S' � 'I C. V· tt D.! r:. l...o.Ro�,� � t (\,. 1> c. f ,,- P � "c. � t'('Q....Q..- V<l'''b��'' f r�·? t\' 11 � � ,,�.I( '7 'Ie.. c.. l. Y f''' fI.,p 4 L:a l>'�·"�·br"'" 1> r b <..< � .. ':r "t>I\��' 4<1·"�' ""1»'·c.Y fe-" L L ,.. f V, r <. (;,b-t.'7L�' P E.' - Vel"" cr- L '--1) V4·� t JA/'r�" ,,�,._, on' 1\ '7"" P rl ��. ""l�. '1 � La.. ��, 1\ \ 'V' <:' 4<�y'= AJr�4"r�" II r� c.. 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L n- v n l>- L r b g-<. <l t .; <. n<"·<'�.-'-L �,_ 1\ <', P 6t. � -I r.... «: a: �fir (..6", J U � -v ""'0 &'l\CL!' t -<l ''7'' "b' V" l' (\. 'V 1\ c.' c v· v, .(1 c:-p" V r .,. � c.. \.-' <1 C. 1· 7 -c l-�'" � c s«: 1\ ��, t,' ,.. 1,4'" r-rr�"O-Q_� c..<t."> e: .J �'. 6.. � v') f-0 ,'" �..9u<?VdQ_.· LL s c e c <11 �' < V \' d n �-I"" V<t'-b": < �-o V L- <1' f � " �"4?:. V -I � b n· b b � 1\ L: aq < v '7 4 �,. (\ t> �}L rg_ 1( �' � fld"''' V<<'j(\}>�}1 �<I\\I\��"" �, "1 � '1" rQ.--o��·�" '71.'. v � V.; 1\- � f\ �" v b V' <1 � c L.... b'" _,LA'<'_) "t" t>L 1>t , .... P - 4 .., <1" '" Q.- LI. � (\ r .).." V,,·� � r- G � -0 V"... 1\ A � r_p tI\ � 0- � t· " til..,.... P4", <l Q._ � 1\ '7'" � r" L.- (.) f 'V. L�) r n") '> 7 2. (1, 'Cf. '" 5_r4" I f# .." A' 'o_ � V'" q"(� (l d ':, t· V 4:i P. L < :; 1\ '/ irA < a..:"> Vb· � � ..e1 •• Ro.-tt. S ... c.kc.r R • �TIle Saskatelle aD IDdlu p.,e II Indian Youth Opinions on Youth Participation Saskatoon Native Youth Club on Reserve Band Councils GARRY ATIMOYO TOM CBALRES Ei hteen Prince Albert Indian and Metis Youth Club own. BILL ROBERTS Bill Robert i 20 year old and a member of the Stanley Mi ion Band. He i pre ently completing hi grade twelve at the Prince Albert Technical High chool. "My opinion, ticipation on on youth par­ band i council that I believe it is time that the youth got in­ volved. They should get in­ volved in band council meet­ reserve , The Prince Albert Indian and Metis Youth Cl ub is a group of very active young people who keep themselve busy by holding meetings ev ery night at the local Friendship Cen­ m tre, collecting and repairing old toys to. sent to r�mote northern Saskatchewan settlements boys and girls basketball teams, fund raising projects for the club, coffee house every night at the Centre and also sponsor teen dances for Ind�an and Metis outh in the city. The executive of the Youth Club in the above are .row left to. fight): Tom McKenize (President, Craig Bighead Boys Athletic rep., Tom Chareles T�esday. chdd�e.n Tuesday - - sident. (Front tow left to right): Joe Chairman, Dena Goulet Secretary. - Maytowhow - p�oto � (�ack Treasurer, Sol Patt � - Vlce-�re­ Dance Committee ings and start helping out their own people. The time has past that they should just sit back and go to school, thinking nothing of the reserve and letting the old people do everything for them. I strong­ ly believe that they should get involved. They should get in­ volved now so they can get a fresh idea of what they are going to be doing in the fut­ ure." THELMA KNIGHT Thelma Knight is 17 year a member of the old and i John Smith Re erve. he is her presently taking grade Xl at Mount Royal Collegiate in Saskatoon. "I moved off the reserve when I was eight years old so. I don't really know anything about band council and what they do or their exact job. I think it would be a good idea to have Youth representation on the band council because the band Council would then know what the Youth want on the reserve." �Pqe 1% The S.skatcbewaD Indian November 1"1 "Miowecha" elects ew ex cufve • I n 50 • c or 5 Subscribe to The Saskatchewan Indian This paper is given free of charge to Indian people in Saskatchewan H you are not from Saskatc�e�an or not an Indian the subscnption rate is $3.00 per year. Name Address . . �. . �.:. .... • win a . prize . . . • . . • UNDER. ENTRY MUST BE SENT IN OPEN TO CHILDREN 6 YEARS OLD AND THEN ,SEND FILL IN YOUR NAME AND ADDRESS BELOW, BY DEC. 25 ROOM 107, 1114 CENTRAL THI PAGE TO; THE SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN, AVE UE, PRINCE ALBERT, SASKATCHEWAN. ..... AM A _----_AGE:_ • • ..�. ,. , 1 �Pate 14 The Saskatchewan India Sturgeon SP.ORTS Indians ea Jhe Surgeon Lake Indians Hockey Team, play Muskeg, Mistawas·s, IDuck Lalke, Big Shellbrook Elks trop y in 1953. In n league a hh Induded teams from She in above photo (back are row Sam mar i e IF eli I, H a r v e y Kin 9 f ish e r, A u s tin Ba II ant y n e, Hub e r t Lon g J 0 h Daniels, Harold Roberh, Coach Harris Wechehin, H. 953 iver, Leas, Camwood, Parkslide and Players B. Turner. (Front left to row, , N. right): arcelin, left to n e Hockey I w La right): won Ibrook, the Roy Kingfisher, H a r 0 I d Kin g fish e r, Be rna r d Daniels, Allen Long John, Bird, Lloyd Ermine, Esadore Wech.hin and Tom Peters. Wechehin Hubert H COACH OF THE YEAR AWARD a a . rd Or 1 f rd. f 1 h th ball lub. ar h n r fa f-th -'\ The r phy w w n f a r Fir. h- 1971. wa n d b. pr the ia i n f r mpir rth the at I f rd and trict Fa tball A iati n a their annual award Banqu t and ance held on Oct b r 22. 1971 at North Battleford. H was picked coache in the ov r 11 has been coaching Sweet­ grass for the last two season They have won about 95 game and lost 30 during that span, . a Football other wan compiling ll-Indian Team league. Howard. who ha three year of Phy ical Education from the University of Saskatche­ 55-11 won-lost record during this past year. This year the Aces won their own league championship in the North Battleford District and capped the season by winning the Western Canadian Native Fastball Championship held in August in Edmonton. t Recreational Director for the Cote Re rve. Lloyd Bra He attended hi early chooling in Lebret and complet d hi education at in Sa katoon. t. Paul' Lloyd has, with the co-operation of many of the memb r of hi Band. formed the only football league in any re erve in Sa kat­ The league i fully equipped through them elve chewan. . and the co-operation of the Chief and Councillors and per­ sonal donations from other members of the Cote Band. Pictures taken of the team were taken in their well­ equipped gymnasium which is used for a variety of social programs, such as fund-raising dances. banquets etc. and other recreational functions such as basketball, volleyball, table tennis, etc. Lloyd hopes ar teams football and league. to inspire other activities and reserves organizing in an simil­ inter-reserve forming �ovember 1971 The Saskatchewan Indian- Page 15 D CORA ILL A GREY A favorite ate Bill and pies are for local gatbering pia almo t to ora full hou Grey the best - an our e th in peopl latt reporter tells r us th caf part of th oper­ I tbat day. Irs. Grey's here. ALV N HEAD The "Feather" band in action at tbe Fort Hotel in Fort Qu I Appelle. The Feath p r play to pack d bou OFILE OF AN ARTIST Voyageur Room at the wh th e rev r appear. an thr u whil vi ita. wa in hi. bab on in the h pital Merv wa making a "bumper t bump " e with friendMerv hip wa made and in ha aken an in tere t in the band. hi car. r a quaintan Out of thi a The Band wa formed n their wn initiative with th bo each going out and purha ing their own equipment. The have added equipment from time to have quite an time and now impre ive ar­ ray of equipment. Merv ha also offered the u e of hi van for the band. ign could be made for the window. Ray from Indian Reserve Broadview, schooled at Agecoutnay - Cowessess near promoting Indian cul­ by participating and en­ couraging his children to par­ ticipate in Indian celebrations. Enquiries may be sent to: Mr. Henry Beaudry, Lawrence th Herpberg r e Lawren er guitar pla ba ha mo - up with Indian. Hi life. fath r I on re erve and grown t of hi ch taugh t ha be n with ur of hi growing He and Bob played year. together in a CJME band and they are b th an a et to the band. A wa the form r Go­ vernment polic for Indian 5�'( of taff, the employee feel band now the that hould be paid compliment back. Lawrence is the 5' � for the band. He is now working in Moose Jaw as an Lawr peopl n e mo t . accoun tan t. active in ture Box 51, Cando, Sask. Do you have Send us your anyhody in mind? suggestions and we'll try do a story on them. to �Pqe ovember 1!71 The Saskatchewan Indian 16 HUNGRY? ADVERTISE IN THE SASKATCHEWAN INDIAN For the 60� Friendship This newspaper enters over 7,000 Indian homes a month and eaches out to 30,000 Indian people in a Indian and Metis ·n P.A. offers Ce he of soup and meal noon-time sandwiches. The address lis 1409 Saskatchewan. 1 st Avenue - E�st. For further information contact the editor at: 1114 Central Avenue, Prince Albert, ask. - L D E ? i or Phone: 764-34 1 dverti Ierne t for ndian peop their 0 ganiza ion wil b car ied charge reo 7: L L C ... m .m. r ] t J. 11 ] 11 U 12:30 p.m ST ANLEY MIS ION 11:00 a.m. c D mb r 22nd mb r 22nd 1 r r ",-,11 7:... Januar 2n 7 J 2n 72 2n 72 .m. R OTTER LA (via Andrew a on nuar anuar Athabasca Airways) PELICAN NARROWS James Sturgeon Lake) Little 2:00 p.m. December 22nd 1971 Local children will Smith) (4:30 p.m.) start to 12:00 noon January 2nd 1972 leave the residence after school December 21st 1971 Red) Mista was is ) Battleford _ Local children will be at 10:00 a.m. all picked up January 2nd 1972 starting ESCORTS WILL BE PROVIDED ON ALL BUSES nc � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian Magazine Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970/2011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1970/2011 Description An account of the resource The <em>Saskatchewan Indian</em> was the official publication of the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations and served as an effective communication vehicle for the First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan between 1970-2011. It provided coverage of people, issues and events both entertaining and informative throughout First Nation communities. The magazine was distributed to all First Nation communities in Saskatchewan and to all First Nation groups, organizations and institutions throughout the duration of its publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre<br />#305 - 2555 Grasswood Road East<br />Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7T-0K1<br /><br />Phone: (306) 244-1146<br />Email: library.services@sicc.sk.ca<br />Website: <a href="https://www.sicc.sk.ca/" target="_blank" title="Saskatchewan Indigenous Cultural Centre" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.sicc.sk.ca/</a> Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saskatchewan Indian, vol. 2, no. 9 (November 1971) Subject The topic of the resource First Nations--Saskatchewan--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1971-11 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Roberts, James Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Saskatchewan 1971-11 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. An Interview With George Manuel, President Of The National Indian Brotherhood By: FSIN History Of P.A. Student Residence By: James Roberts Court Declares Indian Status For Women By: FSIN Profile Of An Artist [Henry Beaudry] By: FSIN First Nations Artists Henry Beaudry